BUDO Schema
The BUDO schema consists of three parts. A free part at the beginning, then a standardized part separated by '§', and finally a free part.
Each subdivision of the BUDO schema can be defined within a maximum of three decisions (free categories). All selections outside the free categories can be defined with two decisions.
Each category consists of a name and several specifications, which may or may not be set. In order to enable an integration into building operators specific designations, it is possible to add designations. Designations are especially necessary if, despite carefully selected categories, everything else has been selected in the same way.
A BUDO label is always unique. If two similar data streams are contained in the same system, the designations should be used so that the BUDO key remains unique.
Where international standards exist for naming the "vocabulary", these are used.
The free part is designed so that every building operator and analyst can use his important or existing categories here. The documentation of the free part can be found under this article in English and under this here in German.
The free part includes typical categories from energy management, property operation or building automation. Some categories can also be further subdivided.
With a selection of free categories only the last selection is saved in the BUDO scheme. So if you select "room", "office work" and then "office", only "room" and "office" will be displayed in BUDO instead of all subcategories. This is useful for shortening the label. Otherwise, it will be too long if there are too many subcategories.
A building type can be determined very precisely according to "Amtliche Liegenschaftskatasterinformationssystem (ALKIS)" of the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Vermessungsverwaltungen der Länder der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (AdV)". This is the common subdivision of buildings in Germany, which is provided by cities, municipalities, federal states and the Federal Republic of Germany. This subdivision contains more than 300 types of buildings.
Rooms can also be divided into different types according to DIN 277-2. These more than 300 types are included in BUDO.
Floors can be defined above the ground floor, in the basement and also in mezzanines. All floors up to the 150th floor can be added (Burj Khalifa).
In "Zone", different zones can be defined. There are positions (bottom, inside, left, middle, outside, right, top), orientations (east, north, northeast, northwest, south, southeast, southwest, west), and finally functional zones (fire zone, HVAC zone, lighting zone).
If further subdivisions are necessary, they can be numbered (1, 2, 3) or defined by string ("abc", "def", "ghi").
If a trade should be defined, it should be defined in the free categories. Since a trade is usually an organizational division, it makes sense to define it here. If the selected trades are not sufficient, you are welcome to send us a message.
For units, it is recommended to insert them at the end. All SI units known from BacNet can be integrated here.
The subdivision into system/subsystem/subsystem takes place according to the division.
If it is a sensor, it should be defined last.
A room automation should also be defined as such.
A measuring instrument that records several measured values (e.g. an electrical measuring instrument or a measuring instrument for thermal energy) should also be defined the same for all measured values. This makes it easier to manage the measuring instrument in facility management.
Medium/position consists of a medium, its specification and two further specifications (e.g. its position).
Water-based systems are classically referred to as flow and return. This is how they are usually named in relation to demand. In a classic residential building with mostly one producer and various consumers this is a good subdivision.
In an integrative system of different energy producers at different temperature levels this system often leads to confusion in data analysis. Therefore we recommend to describe the inlet and outlet of a system in addition to the flow/return flow. These are important for the analysis of heat flows.
According to "DIN EN 16798-3:2017", different types of air are defined. Their names and definitions have been adopted here.
Different positions within systems can also be defined here. This is particularly important for the correct balancing of energy systems and the creation of a model.
Various signal types can be defined here, which can then be further specified.
In particular "measured value" and "controlled value" are to be mentioned. These form a pair. If a measured value and a controlled value are defined in the same system with the same free categories with the same state variables, they can be automatically defined as belonging together. This facilitates the automated creation and optimization of controls.
More than 20 different function types can be defined in the function type. Since the BUDO schema was also developed to bring simulation models better into the automation network, extra function types are also defined for simulative data streams.
For restrictions in building automation systems, we refer to the chapter usage in building automation.