update vinaya matter files.

_publication/en/brahmali/editions/vinaya/pli-tv-vi/matter/appendix-terms.html

@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ <h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Dhanu</i>: “bow-length”</h3>
 <p>See <i translate='no' lang='pli'>sugata</i>.</p>
 <h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Dhammavinaya</i>: “spiritual path”</h3>
 <p><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Dhammavinaya</i> is the compounded form of <i translate='no' lang='pli'>Dhamma</i> and <i translate='no' lang='pli'>vinaya</i>. In this context <i translate='no' lang='pli'>Dhamma</i> must mean “teaching”, whether that of the Buddha or some other teaching, whereas <i translate='no' lang='pli'>vinaya</i> seems to mean “training”, see the separate entry for <i translate='no' lang='pli'>vinaya</i>. <i translate='no' lang='pli'>Dhammavinaya</i> is often used to refer to the Buddha’s system of teaching and training, thus referring to his religion or spiritual path. It is close in meaning to <i translate='no' lang='pli'>sāsana</i> (“(spiritual) instruction” or “Buddhism”) and <i translate='no' lang='pli'>brahmacariya</i> (“spiritual life”). It is interesting, however, that in the Chapter on Nuns we find <i translate='no' lang='pli'>dhammavinaya</i> apparently used to refer to all religions or spiritual paths that existed in ancient India (<a href="https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-kd20/en/brahmali#1.6.8">Kd 20:1.6.8</a>). The same is true of the Mahāparinibbāna Sutta, where the Buddha explains to the wanderer Subhadda that awakening can be achieved in whatever <i translate='no' lang='pli'>dhammavinaya</i> there is the noble eightfold path (<a href="https://suttacentral.net/dn16/en/sujato#5.27.2">DN 16:5.27.2</a>). And so, in the broadest sense <i translate='no' lang='pli'>dhammavinaya</i> is a reference to any “spiritual path”, and I render it as such.</p>
-<h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Nānāsaṁvāsa/nānāsaṁvāsako: “</i>who belongs to a different community”/<i translate='no' lang='pli'>“</i>one who belongs to a different Buddhist sect”</h3>
+<h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Nānāsaṁvāsa/nānāsaṁvāsako: “</i>who belongs to a different community” "one who belongs to a different Buddhist sect”</h3>
 <p><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Nānāsaṁvāsaka</i> (and <i translate='no' lang='pli'>samānasaṁvāsaka</i>) need to be carefully distinguished from <i translate='no' lang='pli'>nānāsaṁvāsa</i> (and <i translate='no' lang='pli'>samānasaṁvāsa</i>). Only the former means “one belonging to a different Buddhist sect”. The latter means “belonging to a different community”, as decided by <i translate='no' lang='pli'>sīmās</i>, “monastic zones”.</p>
 <h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Nāseti</i>: “to expel”</h3>
 <p>I render <i translate='no' lang='pli'>pārājika</i> as “offense entailing expulsion” and <i translate='no' lang='pli'>nāseti</i> as “expulsion”. I use the same rendering for the two words because they are closely related in the Vinaya Piṭaka. At Bu Pj 1, we find the following use of <i translate='no' lang='pli'>nāseti</i>:</p>
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ <h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Parikkhāra</i>: “requisite(s)”, “ingredi
 <p>On one occasion a nun who was dying said, “When I’m dead, give my requisites (<i translate='no' lang='pli'>parikkhāro</i>, singular) to the Sangha.” (<a href="https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-kd20/en/brahmali#11.1.1">Kd 20:11.1.1</a>)</p>
 </blockquote>
 <p>Given this precedent, I render the grammatical singular <i translate='no' lang='pli'>parikkhāra</i> as the plural “requisites” in <i translate='no' lang='pli'>bhikkhunī nissaggiya pācittiyas</i> 6, 7, and 10, and as the plural “ingredients” in <i translate='no' lang='pli'>bhikkhunī nissaggiya pācittiyas</i> 8 and 9. In the context, the plural seems more appropriate.</p>
-<h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Paripucchā</i>: <i translate='no' lang='pli'>“</i>questioning”, “testing”</h3>
+<h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Paripucchā</i>: “questioning”, “testing”</h3>
 <p>The basic meaning of <i translate='no' lang='pli'>paripucchā</i> is “to question” or “to ask”, as used for instance at <a href="https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-bu-vb-pc71/en/brahmali#1.19.1">Bu Pc 71:1.19.1</a>. Often, however, it refers to a teacher questioning his student, in the sense of finding out how much the student knows. In such cases I render the word as “testing”.</p>
 <h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Pariveṇa</i>: “yard”</h3>
 <p>I. B. Horner renders <i translate='no' lang='pli'>pariveṇa</i> as “cell”, for which there is no proper basis. The <i translate='no' lang='pli'>pariveṇa</i> is the area surrounding a building. That it is not an indoor area can be seen from <a href="https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-kd15/en/brahmali#14.5.1">Kd 15:14.5.1</a> where a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>pariveṇa</i> is said to get muddy, upon which the Buddha allows gravel, stepping stones, and drains. The <i translate='no' lang='pli'>pariveṇa</i> is often mentioned in connection with keeping a building tidy, specifically as an area that is to be swept, e.g. at <a href="https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-bu-vb-ss2/en/brahmali#1.1.6">Bu Ss 2:1.1.6</a>. It seems natural to conclude that this must refer to the area, or part of it, that surrounds a building. This is confirmed by the commentaries:</p>
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ <h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Santhata</i>: “blanket”</h3>
 </blockquote>
 <p>However, thickness alone is not what distinguishes a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>santhata</i> from a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>cīvara</i>, the usual word for a monastic robe. In the Vinaya there is no limit to the thickness or material quality of a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>cīvara</i>, which means that all types of woven cloth can be classified under this word. The reason for the separate category of a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>santhata</i>, then, would seem to be that it is not woven cloth. Indeed, in the Vinaya Piṭaka the <i translate='no' lang='pli'>santhata</i> is always defined by its method of production, which, as we have just seen, is then described in greater detail in the commentary. It is a kind of unwoven cloth.</p>
 <p>Yet the specific way a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>santhata</i> was made does not seem to be in use in modern societies. It follows that defining a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>santhata</i> strictly according to the way it is manufactured would make all rules relating to it defunct, specifically <a href="https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-bu-vb-np11/en/brahmali#1.23.1">Bu NP 11</a>–15. It therefore seems preferable to classify it according to its usage. It is for this reason I have chosen the rendering “blanket”, which means that these rules are relevant also in a modern context.</p>
-<h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Samānasaṁvāsa/samānasaṁvāsako: “</i>who belongs to the same community”/<i translate='no' lang='pli'>“</i>one who belongs to the same Buddhist sect”</h3>
+<h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Samānasaṁvāsa/samānasaṁvāsako: “</i>who belongs to the same community” “one who belongs to the same Buddhist sect”</h3>
 <p><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Samānasaṁvāsaka</i> (and <i translate='no' lang='pli'>nānāsaṁvāsaka</i>) need to be carefully distinguished from <i translate='no' lang='pli'>samānasaṁvāsa</i> (and <i translate='no' lang='pli'>nānāsaṁvāsa</i>). Only the former means “one belonging to the same Buddhist sect”. The latter means “belonging to the same community”, as decided by <i translate='no' lang='pli'>sīmās</i>.</p>
 <h3><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Sambahula</i>: “several”, “three”</h3>
 <p><i translate='no' lang='pli'>Sambahula</i> normally means “many” or “a number of”. In the Vinaya Piṭaka, however, it is also used technically to mean a number of monastics greater than one but less than a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>sangha</i>, in other words, two or three monastics. For instance, in the <i translate='no' lang='pli'>nissaggiya pācittiya</i> rules, a monastic who has breached a rule relinquishes the item in question to a single monastic, to <i translate='no' lang='pli'>sambahula</i> monastics, or to a <i translate='no' lang='pli'>sangha</i>. In these and similar instances I render <i translate='no' lang='pli'>sambahula</i> as “several”.</p>

_publication/en/brahmali/editions/vinaya/pli-tv-vi/matter/bibliography.html

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ <h1>Bibliography</h1>
 <li>Thiradhammo, Bhikkhu. 1993. “Corrections to the Book of the Discipline”, in the Journal of the Pali Text Society, Vol. XIX, pp. 65–68.</li>
 <li>Trenckner, V, begun by; revised, continued and edited by Dines Anderson and Helmer Smith and others. 2001. “A Critical Pali Dictionary”, The Pali Text Society, Oxford.</li>
 <li>Tropical Plants Database, Ken Fern. Tropical.theferns.info. 2024–10–15. Http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Plectranthus+elegans, accessed 15 October 2024.</li>
-<li>University of Tuebingen: Height datahub (2015) – processed by Our World in Data. “Human Height (University of Tuebingen (2015))” [dataset], https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/average-height-of-men-for-selected-countries?country=~IND, accessed 10 February 2024.</li>
+<li>University of Tuebingen: Height datahub (2015) – processed by Our World in Data. “Human Height (University of Tuebingen (2015))” [dataset], https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/average-height-of-men-for-selected-countries?country=IND, accessed 10 February 2024.</li>
 <li>Vimala, Bhikkhu*nī. 2021. “Through the Yellow Gate: Ordination of Gender-Nonconforming People in the Buddhist Vinaya”, Academia, https://www.academia.edu/45662764/Through_the_Yellow_Gate_Ordination_of_Gender_Nonconforming_People_in_the_Buddhist_Vinaya, accessed 10 February 2024.</li>
 <li>Vimalanyani, Bhikkhunī, trans. 5 June 2024 (last updated: 20 September 2024). “Mahāsaṅghika Vinaya, Bhikkhunī Pātimokkha”, https://vimalanyani.github.io/vinaya-lzh/mg/pm/, accessed 13 October 2024.</li>
 <li>Wikipedia contributors. “True hermaphrodism.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 20 January 2024, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=True_hermaphroditism&amp;oldid=1197351960, accessed 10 February 2024.</li>