build(python): Officially support Python 3.13 (#20549)

.github/workflows/benchmark-remote.yml

@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Clone Polars-benchmark
         run: |
-          git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/pola-rs/polars-benchmark.git 
+          git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/pola-rs/polars-benchmark.git
 
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
-          python-version: '3.12'
+          python-version: '3.13'
 
       - name: Create virtual environment
         run: |
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
           # Install typing-extensions separately whilst the `--extra-index-url` in `requirements-ci.txt`
           # doesn't have an up-to-date typing-extensions, see
           # https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/6028#issuecomment-2287232150
-          uv pip install -U typing-extensions 
+          uv pip install -U typing-extensions
           uv pip install --compile-bytecode -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-ci.txt --verbose
 
       - name: Install Polars-Benchmark dependencies
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
         working-directory: polars-benchmark
         run: |
           "$HOME/py-polars-cache/run-benchmarks.sh" | tee ../py-polars/benchmark-results
-      
+
       - name: Cache the Polars build
         if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
         working-directory: py-polars

.github/workflows/benchmark.yml

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
-          python-version: '3.12'
+          python-version: '3.13'
 
       - name: Set up Graphviz
         uses: ts-graphviz/setup-graphviz@v2
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ jobs:
           # Install typing-extensions separately whilst the `--extra-index-url` in `requirements-ci.txt`
           # doesn't have an up-to-date typing-extensions, see
           # https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/6028#issuecomment-2287232150
-          uv pip install -U typing-extensions 
-          uv pip install --compile-bytecode -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-ci.txt --verbose
+          uv pip install -U typing-extensions
+          uv pip install --compile-bytecode -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-ci.txt --verbose --index-strategy=unsafe-best-match
 
       - name: Set up Rust
         run: rustup show

.github/workflows/docs-python.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
-          python-version: '3.12'
+          python-version: '3.13'
 
       - name: Create virtual environment
         run: |

.github/workflows/lint-python.yml

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.12']
+        python-version: ['3.9', '3.13']
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -58,7 +58,9 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install Python dependencies
         working-directory: py-polars
-        run: uv pip install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-lint.txt
+        # TODO: Fix typing issues for newer NumPy versions
+        # https://github.com/pola-rs/polars/issues/20561
+        run: uv pip install -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-lint.txt 'numpy<2.1'
 
       # Allow untyped calls for older Python versions
       - name: Run mypy

.github/workflows/test-python.yml

@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.12']
+        python-version: ['3.9', '3.12', '3.13']
         include:
           - os: windows-latest
-            python-version: '3.12'
+            python-version: '3.13'
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
           # doesn't have an up-to-date typing-extensions, see
           # https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/6028#issuecomment-2287232150
           uv pip install -U typing-extensions
-          uv pip install --compile-bytecode -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-ci.txt --verbose
+          uv pip install --compile-bytecode -r requirements-dev.txt -r requirements-ci.txt --verbose --index-strategy=unsafe-best-match
 
       - name: Set up Rust
         run: rustup show
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ jobs:
         run: maturin develop
 
       - name: Run doctests
-        if: github.ref_name != 'main' && matrix.python-version == '3.12' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+        if: github.ref_name != 'main' && matrix.python-version == '3.13' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         run: |
           python tests/docs/run_doctest.py
           pytest tests/docs/test_user_guide.py -m docs
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ jobs:
         run: pytest -m "not release and not benchmark and not docs" tests/unit/io/
 
       - name: Check import without optional dependencies
-        if: github.ref_name != 'main' && matrix.python-version == '3.12' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+        if: github.ref_name != 'main' && matrix.python-version == '3.13' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         run: |
           declare -a deps=("pandas"
           "pyarrow"

docs/source/development/contributing/index.md

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ rustup toolchain install nightly --component miri
 ```
 
 Next, install Python, for example using [pyenv](https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv#installation). We
-recommend using the latest Python version (`3.12`). Make sure you deactivate any active virtual
+recommend using the latest Python version (`3.13`). Make sure you deactivate any active virtual
 environments (command: `deactivate`) or conda environments (command: `conda deactivate`), as the
 steps below will create a new [virtual environment](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/venv.html)
 for Polars. You will need Python even if you intend to work on the Rust code only, as we rely on the

py-polars/pyproject.toml

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ classifiers = [
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
   "Programming Language :: Rust",
   "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering",
 ]
@@ -258,6 +259,8 @@ filterwarnings = [
   # Ignore invalid warnings when running earlier versions of SQLAlchemy (we
   # know they are invalid because our standard tests run the latest version)
   "ignore:Deprecated API features detected.*:DeprecationWarning",
+  # numpy import can generate this warning in Python 3.13 on certain runners
+  "ignore:.*numpy\\.longdouble.*:UserWarning",
 ]
 xfail_strict = true
 

py-polars/requirements-ci.txt

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
 # (installable via `make requirements-all`)
 # -------------------------------------------------------
 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu
-torch
+torch; python_version < '3.13' or platform_system != 'Windows'  # torch provides no wheel for Python 3.13 on Windows
 jax[cpu]
 pyiceberg>=0.5.0

py-polars/tests/unit/ml/test_to_torch.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import sys
 from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
@@ -12,7 +13,13 @@
 # ensures the tests aren't run locally; this avoids premature local import)
 torch, _ = _lazy_import("torch")
 
-pytestmark = pytest.mark.ci_only
+pytestmark = [
+    pytest.mark.ci_only,
+    pytest.mark.skipif(
+        sys.platform == "win32" and sys.version_info >= (3, 13),
+        reason="Torch does not ship wheels for Python 3.13 on Windows",
+    ),
+]
 
 
 @pytest.fixture