feat!: add Python 3.13 support and drop Python 3.9 support

[maxrake]

This change accounts for the release of Python 3.13, which happened
07 OCT 2024. Anyone tracking this repository and this change should
update their use of pyenv locally, to include py3.13.x.

Changes made to add Python 3.13 support include:

• Update the Docker base image version
• Update the CONTRIBUTING documentation
• Update the testing environments in tox, workflows, and unit tests
• Update pyproject.toml and generate an updated poetry.lock lockfile
  • The existing poetry-core specified minimum requirement still works

Changes made to remove Python 3.9 support include:

• Update pyproject.toml and regenerate poetry.lock
  • Upgrade target version for QA tools
• Use the --fix option of ruff to automatically update code
  • Use the pipe (|) operator for type annotations everywhere possible
• Use collections.abc.Callable instead of typing.Callable
• Make use of parenthesized context managers
• Make use of match statement when parsing analysis results
• Update tests
  • Remove Python 3.9 from tox config
  • Update the test workflow
  • Update the test for supported Python versions
• Update documentation and remove references to Python 3.9

Closes: #488
Closes: #357

BREAKING CHANGE: Support for Python 3.9 was removed.

Checklist

• Does this PR have an associated issue (i.e., closes #<issueNum> in description above)?
• Have you ensured that you have met the expected acceptance criteria?
• Have you created sufficient tests?
• Have you updated all affected documentation?

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