[mono][aot] Fix compilation crashes when type load exception is gener…

…ated in code (dotnet#110078)

* [mono][aot] Fix stack state when emitting type load throw

Method compilation was continuing and we ended up failing with invalid IL.

* [mono][aot] Mark clauses as dead when replacing method code with exception throw

In the final stages of method compilation, when trying to compute clause ranges, we were asserting because the clause bblocks haven't been reached for compilation.

src/mono/mono/mini/method-to-ir.c

@@ -6262,6 +6262,9 @@ method_make_alwaysthrow_typeloadfailure (MonoCompile* cfg, MonoClass* klass)
 	mono_link_bblock (cfg, bb, cfg->bb_exit);
 
 	cfg->disable_inline = TRUE;
+
+	for (guint i = 0; i < cfg->header->num_clauses; i++)
+		cfg->clause_is_dead [i] = TRUE;
 }
 
 typedef union _MonoOpcodeParameter {
@@ -12111,14 +12114,13 @@ mono_method_to_ir (MonoCompile *cfg, MonoMethod *method, MonoBasicBlock *start_b
 			break;
 		case MONO_CEE_INITOBJ:
 			klass = mini_get_class (method, token, generic_context);
+			--sp;
 			if (CLASS_HAS_FAILURE (klass)) {
 				HANDLE_TYPELOAD_ERROR (cfg, klass);
 				inline_costs += 10;
 				break; // reached only in AOT
 			}
 
-			--sp;
-
 			if (mini_class_is_reference (klass))
 				MONO_EMIT_NEW_STORE_MEMBASE_IMM (cfg, OP_STORE_MEMBASE_IMM, sp [0]->dreg, 0, 0);
 			else