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95 changes: 59 additions & 36 deletions README.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -16,36 +16,36 @@ Inspired by many style guides but mainly from [Airbnb](https://github.com/airbnb
**WORK IN PROGRESS. Please be patient.**

## Table of Contents

--> eyals - Fix all anchor links
1. [PEP 20](#pep-20)
1. [Naming](#naming)
1. [Naming](#naming) --> Avi
1. [Whitespace](#whitespace)
1. [Indentation](#indentation)
1. [Newlines](#newlines)
1. [Line Length](#line-length)
1. [Conditional Expressions](#conditional-expressions)
1. [Conditional Expressions](#conditional-expressions) --> eyals
1. [Truthy vs.Falsy](#truthy-vs-falsy)
1. [Single Line](#single-line)
1. [Ternary](#ternary)
1. [Forgiveness vs Permission](#forgiveness-vs-permission)
1. [Strings](#strings)
1. [Strings](#strings) -->Avi
1. [Double vs Single Quotes](#double-vs-single-quotes)
1. [Concatenation](#concatenation)
1. [Collections](#collections)
1. [Collections](#collections) -->Avi
1. [Slice](#slice)
1. [Comprehensions](#comprehensions)
1. [Comprehensions](#comprehensions)
1. [Builtin Functions](#builtin-functions)
1. [Tuples](#Tuples)
1. [Tuple vs List](#tuple-vs-list)
1. [Imports](#imports)
1. [Methods/Functions](#methods-functions)
1. [Imports](#imports) -->Avi
1. [Methods/Functions](#methods-functions) -->eyals
1. [Closures](#closures)
1. [Recursion](#recursion)
1. [Arguments/Parameters](#arguments-parameters)
1. [Classes](#classes)
1. [Exceptions](#exceptions)
1. [Regular Expressions](#exceptions)
1. [Classes](#classes) -->eyals
1. [Exceptions](#exceptions) -->Avi
1. [Regular Expressions](#exceptions) -->eyals

## PEP 20
[The Zen Of Python](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/)
Expand All @@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ Inspired by many style guides but mainly from [Airbnb](https://github.com/airbnb

In general:

--> In general - All points should be bulleted.
--> In general - All non-trivial examples should follow with an example

Use snake_case for modules, methods and variables.

Use CamelCase for classes. (Keep acronyms like HTTP, RFC, XML uppercase.)
Expand All @@ -67,6 +70,8 @@ The names of predicate methods (methods that return a boolean value) should star

The name of predicates should also be positive. (i.e. is_alive, is_empty versus is_not_dead, is_not_empty)


--> Leave rule - but example needs to sit under "generators" section and here should be a linkPEP
Generators (especially comprehension generators), iterators, and other lazy loading objects names should not imply the underlying implementation,
but rather the result you expect.

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -104,7 +109,7 @@ for parameters in stack_template_parameters(stack_files):

```


--> Make this more understandable
Name throwaway variables `_`(variables you don't need).

```python
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -184,15 +189,17 @@ def transformorize(self,_car):
return car
end
```
--> Missing example of testing break up. headline should be "Same for test files"


End each file with a newline. Don't include multiple newlines at the end of a file.
End each file with a -->single newline. Don't include multiple newlines at the end of a file.

## Conditional Expressions

### Checking Truthy/Falsy
### Checking Truthy/Fals-->ey

Prefer truthy/falsy checks vs comparing actual values.

--> In python, All object are "Thruthy" except:
"truthy" values are all objects except

1. `False`
Expand All @@ -201,9 +208,9 @@ Prefer truthy/falsy checks vs comparing actual values.
1. `[]` empty lists
1. `()` empty tuples
1. `{}` empty dictionaries
1. an object whose magic method `__bool__` returns falsey(in python 3)
1. an object whose magic method `__nonzero__` returns falsey(in python 2)

1. -->Aan object whose magic method `__bool__` returns falsey(in python 3)
1. -->Aan object whose magic method `__nonzero__` returns falsey(in python 2)
--> Add link to an explenation of what magic method is

```python
# bad
Expand All @@ -230,7 +237,7 @@ if len(a_list) > 0:
if a_list:
...

# bad sometimes
# bad sometimes --> addd "see next example"
val = None
if val is None:
...
Expand All @@ -241,6 +248,8 @@ if not val:
...
```

--> description not good enough. Need to add an example of the danger in this bad implementation below
--> For instance checking an empty list will return True
If you need to check an object if it is `None` and not falsey use the `is` operator

```python
Expand All @@ -256,8 +265,8 @@ if val is None:
### Single Line Conditionals

You can use single line if statements when they are short and simple (like checking truthy statements).

Don't use single lines when you using combined conditions.
--> example of short and simple here
Don't use single lines when you-->'re using combined conditions.

```python
# bad
Expand All @@ -268,7 +277,7 @@ if condition and another_condition: return value

# good
if satisfied: return tip

--> Another bullet - it is acceptable to use case like this
# Acceptable switch case like conditioning
if very_happy: return tip * 1.5
if angry: return lip
Expand All @@ -280,16 +289,18 @@ return tip

Avoid the ternary statement except in cases where all expressions are extremely trivial.

Avoid multiple conditions in ternaries.
Avoid multiple conditions in ternaries. --> as Ternaries are best used with single conditions.
--> example here
Ternaries are best used with single conditions. --> remove

Ternaries are best used with single conditions.

However, do use the ternary operator over if/else/ constructs for single line conditionals.
--> remove "However," do use the ternary operator over if/else/ constructs --> remove - for single line conditionals.

```python
# bad
return val if condition and other_condition else other_val


--> example of "do use..." starts here
# bad
if some_condition:
return val
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -317,8 +328,10 @@ else:
```

### Forgiveness vs Permission
It is 'Easier to ask for forgiveness than permission'.
It is 'Easier to ask for forgiveness than permission'. --> Link here to relevant pep


--> This description must be more concise - Let's rethink this
When writing code that may fail because an attribute/key doesn't exist or another reason, don't check it first and then handle.

Just assume it will work and catch the exception if not.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -350,7 +363,7 @@ except ZeroDivisionError:
```

## Strings
Do not compare strings with `is`.
--> Avoid comparing Do not compare strings with `is`. --> as it has bugs with comparing.

''is'' has bugs when comparing with strings.

Expand All @@ -363,15 +376,15 @@ name == 'bob'
```

### Double vs single Quotes
Prefer double quotes (`"hi bob"`) when your string has multiple words or when formatting.
--> In general favour double quotes (`"hi bob"`) over single quotes (`'hi bob'`) -->remove when your string has multiple words or when formatting.

If the string is a single word use single quotes (`'bob'`).

### Concatenation

Prefer string formatting instead of string concatenation.

Besides for being cleaner this optimizes performance (less work for GC)
--> indent this - Besides for being cleaner this optimizes performance (less work for GC)

```python
# bad
Expand All @@ -384,6 +397,8 @@ email_with_name = "{} <{}>".format(user.name, user.email)
email_with_name = "{name} <{mail}>".format(name=user.name, mail=user.email)

```
--> Do not use positional arguments


Avoid using `+=` when you need to construct large data chunks. Instead, use `.join`.

Expand All @@ -401,7 +416,7 @@ for i in a_list:
## Collections
There are three major skills to apply to collections.

slicing, comprehensions, and builtin functions.
slicing, comprehensions, and builtin functions. --> Add anchors

The purpose of this writing is to automatically associate our collection solutions with
these three tools.
Expand All @@ -417,15 +432,16 @@ Pushing us away fro using code as such:
my_new_list.append(i)

```

--> For all collection examples - use good vs bad format
### Slice
slicing helps a lot, especially with strings.

```python
# Slice structure
items[start:end:step]
```

--> Add "avoid complex slciing as it is not readable enough
--> If slicing is too complex use slice constructor
A slice can have up to three attributes.

start - our starting index
Expand All @@ -439,7 +455,7 @@ step is interesting because it controls how to jump between items including dire
i.e.

```python

-->
items[::-1] # list reversed
range(10)[2::2] # return all even numbers
items[4:1:-1] # starting at 5th position go backwards until 2nd position
Expand All @@ -460,7 +476,9 @@ i.e.

#### list comprehension

syntax is `[ with at least a for statement inside it ]`
--> Remove all ranges(noisy)

syntax is `[ with at least a for statement inside it ]` --> Not clear

```python
[i for i in range(4)]
Expand All @@ -487,7 +505,7 @@ You can chain for loops but make it simple
```

#### generator comprehensions aka lazy iteration
syntax is ''( with at least a for statement inside it )''
syntax is ''( with at least a for statement inside it )'' -->not clear

```python
( i for i in range(4) )
Expand All @@ -497,6 +515,8 @@ You can do filtering, chaining, all the same things you can do with list compreh

However, generators are lazy. Meaning they only evaluate and return a value upon call.


--> This example must be simpler
i.e.
```python
numbers = range(1, 10)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -960,8 +980,11 @@ name.startswith('Bob')
'qu' in word.lowercase()
```

--> For advanced users
--> magic method section
--> Meta programming


## Main Contributers:
* [Avraf](https://github.com/avraf)
* [Eyalstoler](https://github.com/eyalstoler)
* [Eyalstoler](https://github.com/eyalstoler)