pyreft _{by pyvene}

State-of-the-art Representation Fine-Tuning (ReFT) methods

Warning

Hey hey! Corrections to the preprint: We or members of the community have identified a few typos.

• (1) Hyperparameter settings presented in Table 5 and 6 in the Appendix should be swapped, i.e., GSM8K should be the one where we apply interventions to all layers. We release our training wandb logs in our LoReFT folder, check those to reproduce for now!
• (2) Wrong UltraLM citation, will correct that.
• (3) Commonsense170K is not 100 times larger than GSM8K :) (170/8).

We will update our arXiv paper on Monday (April 8th, 2024). Sorry guys! Till then, happy ReFTing!

A Powerful, Parameter-Efficient, and Interpretable way of fine-tuning

Want to try a fine-tuning method that uses a fraction of SoTA PEFT parameters count, while achieving potentially better performance? Introducing pyreft, a representation fine-tuning (ReFT) library that supports adapting internal language model representations via trainable interventions. With fewer fine-tuning parameters and more robust performance, pyreft can boost fine-tuning efficiency, decrease fine-tuning cost, while opening the doors to study the interpretability of adapting parameters.

pyreft supports

• Fine tuning any pretrained LMs on HuggingFace with ReFT

• Setting ReFT hyperparameters via configs

• Sharing the fine-tuned results easily to HuggingFace

Tip

Powerful and Parameter-Efficient: Read Our ReFT paper for an introduction of representation fine-tuning (ReFT) and its performance.

Tip

Intepretable Finetuning: Read Composable ReFT for a sneak-peek of the interpretable nature of ReFT.

Quickstart

Install pyreft from pip+git:

pip install git+https://github.com/frankaging/pyreft.git

Or install pyreft from pip (coming soon):

pip install pyreft

Prepare a model for training with a ReFT method by wrapping the base model and ReFT configuration with get_reft_model. In the following example, we are using ConsreftIntervention (Constant LoReFT Intervention) which is even more parameter-efficient than the original LoReFT described in the paper:

import torch
import transformers

from pyreft import (
    get_reft_model,
    ReftConfig,
    ConsreftIntervention
)

# loading huggingface model
model_name_or_path = "yahma/llama-7b-hf"
model = transformers.AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_name_or_path, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map="cuda")

# wrap the model with rank-1 constant reft
reft_config = ReftConfig(representations={"layer": 15, "component": "block_output",
    "intervention": ConsreftIntervention(
    embed_dim=model.config.hidden_size, low_rank_dimension=1)})
reft_model = get_reft_model(model, reft_config)
reft_model.print_trainable_parameters()

"trainable intervention params: 4,097 || trainable model params: 0"
"model params: 6,738,415,616 || trainable%: 6.080064266549391e-05"

With this config, yo are tuning 0.00006% parameters, and 4,097 to be exact. Then, the reft_model can be used for any downstream tasks. We can see if we can do rank-1 reft to let the model to produce some constant output:

from pyreft import (
    ReftTrainerForCausalLM,
    make_last_position_supervised_data_module
)
tokenizer = transformers.AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
    model_name_or_path, model_max_length=2048, padding_side="right", use_fast=False)
tokenizer.pad_token = tokenizer.unk_token

# get training data to train our intervention to remember the following sequence
memo_sequence = """
Welcome to the Natural Language Processing Group at Stanford University!
We are a passionate, inclusive group of students and faculty, postdocs
and research engineers, who work together on algorithms that allow computers
to process, generate, and understand human languages. Our interests are very
broad, including basic scientific research on computational linguistics,
machine learning, practical applications of human language technology,
and interdisciplinary work in computational social science and cognitive
science. We also develop a wide variety of educational materials
on NLP and many tools for the community to use, including the Stanza
toolkit which processes text in over 60 human languages.
"""
data_module = make_last_position_supervised_data_module(
    tokenizer=tokenizer,
    model=model,
    inputs=["GO->"],
    outputs=[memo_sequence])

# train
training_args = transformers.TrainingArguments(
    num_train_epochs=1000.0,
    output_dir="./tmp",
    learning_rate=2e-3,
    logging_steps=50)
trainer = ReftTrainerForCausalLM(
    model=reft_model, tokenizer=tokenizer,
    args=training_args, **data_module)
_ = trainer.train()

Once you are done with your training, you can check your model generations:

prompt = tokenizer("GO->", return_tensors="pt").to("cuda")
base_unit_location = prompt["input_ids"].shape[-1] - 1  # last position
_, reft_response = reft_model.generate(
    prompt, unit_locations={"sources->base": (None, [[[base_unit_location]]])},
    intervene_on_prompt=True, max_new_tokens=512, do_sample=False, 
    eos_token_id=tokenizer.eos_token_id, early_stopping=True
)
print(tokenizer.decode(reft_response[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

"""GO->
Welcome to the Natural Language Processing Group at Stanford University!
We are a passionate, inclusive group of students and faculty, postdocs
and research engineers, who work together on algorithms that allow computers
to process, generate, and understand human languages. Our interests are very
broad, including basic scientific research on computational linguistics,
machine learning, practical applications of human language technology,
and interdisciplinary work in computational social science and cognitive
science. We also develop a wide variety of educational materials
on NLP and many tools for the community to use, including the Stanza
toolkit which processes text in over 60 human languages."""

We successfully compress the text into 4,097 parameters! We perform more rigious memorisation test like this one in ReFT Interp.

You can do ReFT with any language modeling tasks or SFT. Check out our examples folder! You can train a 7B chat-model as good as ChatGPT-3.5-1103 under 18 mins with a single A100 GPU + ReFT by following steps here train.py.

Loading our 18 min-cooked Loreft1k-Llama-2-7b-hf from HuggingFace

For full tutorial, please take a look at chat_model.ipynb.

Loading the base LM first:

import torch, transformers
from pyreft import (
    ReftModel,
    get_intervention_locations
)

prompt_no_input_template = """Below is an instruction that \
describes a task. Write a response that appropriately \
completes the request.

### Instruction:
%s

### Response:
"""

device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"

model_name_or_path = "meta-llama/Llama-2-7b-hf"
reft_model_name_or_path = "zhengxuanzenwu/Loreft1k-Llama-2-7b-hf"
tokenizer = transformers.AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
    model_name_or_path, model_max_length=2048, padding_side="right", use_fast=False)
tokenizer.pad_token = tokenizer.unk_token

model = transformers.AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_name_or_path, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map=device)

Then, loading ReFT artifacts:

reft_model = ReftModel.load(
    "zhengxuanzenwu/Loreft1k-Llama-2-7b-hf", model, from_huggingface_hub=True)
reft_model.set_device(device)

Start chatting with it:

instruction = "Tell me about the NLP Group at Stanford University."

# tokenize and prepare the input
prompt = prompt_no_input_template % instruction
prompt = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(device)
intervention_locations = torch.tensor([get_intervention_locations(
    last_position=prompt["input_ids"].shape[-1], positions="f5+l5",
    num_interventions=len(reft_model.interventions))]).permute(1, 0, 2).tolist()

# generate
_, reft_response = reft_model.generate(
    prompt, 
    unit_locations={"sources->base": (None, intervention_locations)},
    intervene_on_prompt=True, max_new_tokens=512, do_sample=False, 
    no_repeat_ngram_size=5, repetition_penalty=1.1,
    eos_token_id=tokenizer.eos_token_id, early_stopping=True
)
print(tokenizer.decode(reft_response[0], skip_special_tokens=True))

Note that Llama-2 models can follow instructions zero-shot. We encourge people to try on other more primitive base LMs and see if ReFT can work well!

Usage and License Notices: Our chat-model is intended and licensed for research use only. The model is CC BY NC 4.0 (allowing only non-commercial use) should not be used outside of research purposes.

Why you should use ReFT as oppose to PEFT?

There are various benefits such as saving memory and storage. In addition to that, ReFT is more interpretable and extensible than PEFT. The interventions we are learning is simply a causal abstraction of the task you are training without touching any model weights. The intervention site search space is large, and can be at any token position which is more flexibile. We showcase ReFT performance on various benchmarks against popular PEFT such as LoRA and its newer variants (e.g., DoRA) in our paper.

Learn more through examples

Example	Description
pyvene	The backbone of pyreft library
LoReFT	Reproduce our ReFT paper main results
Alpaca	Instruction-tune LMs with ReFT
ReFT Interp	Some hints on why ReFT works
Composable ReFT	Some why ReFT is an interpretable method

Citation

Make sure you cite the ReFT paper:

@article{wuandarora2024reft,
  title={ReFT: Representation Finetuning for Language Models},
  author={Wu, Zhengxuan* and Arora, Aryaman* and Wang, Zheng and Geiger, Atticus and Jurafsky, Dan and Manning, Christopher D. and Potts, Christopher},
  booktitle={arXiv:2404.03592},
  url={arxiv.org/abs/2404.03592},
  year={2024}
}

And please cite the pyvene library paper as well:

@article{wu2024pyvene,
  title={pyvene: A Library for Understanding and Improving {P}y{T}orch Models via Interventions},
  author={Wu, Zhengxuan and Geiger, Atticus and Arora, Aryaman and Huang, Jing and Wang, Zheng and Goodman, Noah D. and Manning, Christopher D. and Potts, Christopher},
  booktitle={arXiv:2403.07809},
  url={arxiv.org/abs/2403.07809},
  year={2024}
}

Outreach

If you are interested in integrating this library into your workflow or in reimplementing it for improved efficiency, please feel free to contact us! We may have additional insights to share.