Fix CI tests - macOS, Ubuntu, SYCL

[ssheorey]

Type

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue): Fixes #
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality). Resolves #
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected) Resolves #

Motivation and Context

CI errors.

Checklist:

• I have run python util/check_style.py --apply to apply Open3D code style
  to my code.
• This PR changes Open3D behavior or adds new functionality.
  • Both C++ (Doxygen) and Python (Sphinx / Google style) documentation is
    updated accordingly.
  • I have added or updated C++ and / or Python unit tests OR included test
    results (e.g. screenshots or numbers) here.
• I will follow up and update the code if CI fails.
• For fork PRs, I have selected Allow edits from maintainers.

Description

• Cache storage change: gz->xz, 5->4GB
• Use default XCode versions (XCode 15 causes errors works with embree.)
• Hide symbols from core and visualization to reduce Windows DLL size. Also move some geometry functions to anon namespace.
• Add CPU fallback as the last SYCL device. Skip in testing.

[update-docs]

Thanks for submitting this pull request! The maintainers of this repository would appreciate if you could update the CHANGELOG.md based on your changes.

[benjaminum]

lgtm