Reify cowns and use builtins where possible

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ clangformat_targets()
 
 
 message(STATUS "Adding tests")
-FILE(GLOB ALL_FILES
+FILE(GLOB_RECURSE ALL_FILES
   CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
   tests/*
 )
@@ -67,3 +67,6 @@ endforeach()
 
 set_property(TEST three_regions.vpy PROPERTY WILL_FAIL true)
 set_property(TEST leak_with_global.vpy PROPERTY WILL_FAIL true)
+set_property(TEST invalid_read.vpy PROPERTY WILL_FAIL true)
+set_property(TEST invalid_shared_region.vpy PROPERTY WILL_FAIL true)
+set_property(TEST invalid_write.vpy PROPERTY WILL_FAIL true)

src/lang/bytecode.h

@@ -7,15 +7,16 @@
 /// The value name is stored in the location of the node
 inline const trieste::TokenDef LoadFrame{"load_frame", trieste::flag::print};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef StoreFrame{"store_frame", trieste::flag::print};
+inline const trieste::TokenDef SwapFrame{"swap_frame", trieste::flag::print};
 /// Loads a value with a given name from the current scope or the global
 /// namespace. This should be used for function resolution.
 ///
 /// The value name is stored in the location of the node
 inline const trieste::TokenDef LoadGlobal{"load_global", trieste::flag::print};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef LoadField{"load_field"};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef StoreField{"store_field"};
+inline const trieste::TokenDef SwapField{"swap_field"};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef CreateObject{"create_object"};
-inline const trieste::TokenDef Proto{"prototype"};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef Dictionary{"dictionary"};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef String{"string", trieste::flag::print};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef KeyIter{"key_iter"};
@@ -33,8 +34,6 @@ inline const trieste::TokenDef ReturnValue{"return_value"};
 /// Stack: `[]::<arg_0>` -> `[]::<arg_0>::<arg_0>`
 inline const trieste::TokenDef Dup{"dup", trieste::flag::print};
 
-inline const trieste::TokenDef CreateRegion{"create_region"};
-inline const trieste::TokenDef FreezeObject{"freeze_object"};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef Null{"null"};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef Label{"label"};
 inline const trieste::TokenDef Eq{"=="};

src/lang/interpreter.cc

@@ -165,12 +165,6 @@ namespace verona::interpreter
           obj = rt::make_iter(v);
           rt::remove_reference(frame(), v);
         }
-        else if (payload == Proto)
-        {
-          obj = rt::make_object();
-          // RC transferred
-          rt::set_prototype(obj, pop("prototype source"));
-        }
         else if (payload == Func)
         {
           assert(
@@ -244,13 +238,26 @@ namespace verona::interpreter
 
       if (node == StoreFrame)
       {
+        assert(stack().size() >= 1 && "the stack is too small");
         auto v = pop("value to store");
         std::string field{node->location().view()};
         auto v2 = rt::set(frame(), field, v);
         rt::remove_reference(frame(), v2);
         return ExecNext{};
       }
 
+      if (node == SwapFrame)
+      {
+        assert(stack().size() >= 1 && "the stack is too small");
+        auto new_var = pop("swap value");
+        std::string field{node->location().view()};
+
+        auto old_var = rt::set(frame(), field, new_var);
+        stack().push_back(old_var);
+
+        return ExecNext{};
+      }
+
       if (node == LoadField)
       {
         assert(stack().size() >= 2 && "the stack is too small");
@@ -275,6 +282,7 @@ namespace verona::interpreter
 
       if (node == StoreField)
       {
+        assert(stack().size() >= 3 && "the stack is too small");
         auto v = pop("value to store");
         auto k = pop("lookup-key");
         auto v2 = pop("lookup-value");
@@ -286,19 +294,20 @@ namespace verona::interpreter
         return ExecNext{};
       }
 
-      if (node == CreateRegion)
+      if (node == SwapField)
       {
-        auto v = pop("region source");
-        rt::create_region(v);
-        rt::remove_reference(frame(), v);
-        return ExecNext{};
-      }
+        assert(stack().size() >= 3 && "the stack is too small");
+        auto new_var = pop("swap value");
+        auto key = pop("lookup-key");
+        auto obj = pop("lookup-value");
+        auto old_var = rt::set(obj, key, new_var);
+        stack().push_back(old_var);
+
+        rt::move_reference(frame(), obj, new_var);
+        rt::move_reference(obj, frame(), old_var);
+        rt::remove_reference(frame(), obj);
+        rt::remove_reference(frame(), key);
 
-      if (node == FreezeObject)
-      {
-        auto v = pop("object to freeze");
-        rt::freeze(v);
-        rt::remove_reference(frame(), v);
         return ExecNext{};
       }
 
@@ -401,7 +410,6 @@ namespace verona::interpreter
           if (result)
           {
             stack().push_back(result.value());
-            rt::add_reference(frame(), result.value());
           }
           rt::remove_reference(frame(), func);
           return ExecNext{};

src/lang/lang.h

@@ -9,15 +9,13 @@ using namespace trieste;
 
 inline const TokenDef Ident{"ident", trieste::flag::print};
 inline const TokenDef Assign{"assign"};
-inline const TokenDef Create{"create"};
 inline const TokenDef For{"for"};
 inline const TokenDef If{"if"};
 inline const TokenDef Else{"else"};
 inline const TokenDef Block{"block"};
 inline const TokenDef Empty{"empty"};
 inline const TokenDef Drop{"drop"};
-inline const TokenDef Freeze{"freeze"};
-inline const TokenDef Region{"region"};
+inline const TokenDef Take{"take"};
 inline const TokenDef Lookup{"lookup"};
 inline const TokenDef Parens{"parens"};
 inline const TokenDef Method{"method"};
@@ -32,7 +30,7 @@ inline const TokenDef Compile{"compile"};
 namespace verona::wf
 {
   inline const auto lv = Ident | Lookup;
-  inline const auto rv = lv | Empty | Null | String | Create | Call | Method;
+  inline const auto rv = lv | Empty | Null | String | Call | Method | Take;
   inline const auto cmp_values = Ident | Lookup | Null;
   inline const auto key = Ident | Lookup | String;
   inline const auto operand = Lookup | Call | Method | Ident;
@@ -41,11 +39,9 @@ namespace verona::wf
   inline const auto grouping = (Top <<= File) | (File <<= Body) |
     (Body <<= Block) |
     (Block <<=
-     (Freeze | Region | Assign | If | For | Func | Return | ReturnValue | Call |
-      Method)++) |
-    (Assign <<= (Lhs >>= lv) * (Rhs >>= rv)) |
-    (Lookup <<= (Op >>= operand) * (Rhs >>= key)) | (Region <<= Ident) |
-    (Freeze <<= Ident) | (Create <<= Ident) |
+     (Assign | If | For | Func | Return | ReturnValue | Call | Method)++) |
+    (Assign <<= (Lhs >>= lv) * (Rhs >>= rv)) | (Take <<= (Lhs >>= lv)) |
+    (Lookup <<= (Op >>= operand) * (Rhs >>= key)) |
     (If <<= (Op >>= Cond) * Block * Block) |
     (For <<= (Key >>= Ident) * (Value >>= Ident) * (Op >>= lv) * Block) |
     (Eq <<= (Lhs >>= cmp_values) * (Rhs >>= cmp_values)) |
@@ -56,17 +52,17 @@ namespace verona::wf
 
   inline const trieste::wf::Wellformed bytecode = (Top <<= Body) |
     (Body <<=
-     (LoadFrame | LoadGlobal | StoreFrame | LoadField | StoreField | Drop |
-      Null | CreateObject | CreateRegion | FreezeObject | IterNext | Print |
-      Eq | Neq | Jump | JumpFalse | Label | Call | Return | ReturnValue |
-      ClearStack | Dup)++) |
-    (CreateObject <<= (Dictionary | String | KeyIter | Proto | Func)) |
+     (LoadFrame | LoadGlobal | StoreFrame | SwapFrame | LoadField | StoreField |
+      SwapField | Drop | Null | CreateObject | IterNext | Print | Eq | Neq |
+      Jump | JumpFalse | Label | Call | Return | ReturnValue | ClearStack |
+      Dup)++) |
+    (CreateObject <<= (Dictionary | String | KeyIter | Func)) |
     (Func <<= Body) | (Label <<= Ident)[Ident];
 }
 
 inline const auto LV = T(Ident, Lookup);
 inline const auto RV =
-  T(Empty, Ident, Lookup, Null, String, Create, Call, Method);
+  T(Empty, Ident, Lookup, Null, String, Call, Method, Take);
 inline const auto CMP_V = T(Ident, Lookup, Null);
 inline const auto KEY = T(Ident, Lookup, String);
 inline const auto OPERAND = T(Lookup, Call, Method, Ident);

src/lang/passes/bytecode.cc

@@ -51,6 +51,15 @@ PassDef bytecode()
                      << create_from(LoadField, _(Lookup));
         },
 
+      T(Compile) << (T(Take) << T(Ident)[Ident]) >>
+        [](auto& _) { return Seq << Null << create_from(SwapFrame, _(Ident)); },
+      T(Compile)
+          << (T(Take) << (T(Lookup)[Lookup] << (Any[Op] * Any[Key] * End))) >>
+        [](auto& _) {
+          return Seq << (Compile << _[Op]) << (Compile << _[Key]) << Null
+                     << SwapField;
+        },
+
       T(Compile) << (T(Assign)[Op] << (T(Ident)[Ident] * Any[Rhs])) >>
         [](auto& _) {
           return Seq << (Compile << _[Rhs]) << create_from(StoreFrame, _(Ident))
@@ -68,23 +77,6 @@ PassDef bytecode()
                      << create_print(_(Assign));
         },
 
-      T(Compile) << (T(Freeze)[Op] << T(Ident)[Ident]) >>
-        [](auto& _) {
-          return Seq << (Compile << _[Ident]) << FreezeObject
-                     << create_print(_(Op));
-        },
-
-      T(Compile) << (T(Create)[Op] << T(Ident)[Ident]) >>
-        [](auto& _) {
-          return Seq << (Compile << _[Ident]) << (CreateObject << Proto);
-        },
-
-      T(Compile) << (T(Region)[Op] << T(Ident)[Ident]) >>
-        [](auto& _) {
-          return Seq << (Compile << _[Ident]) << CreateRegion
-                     << create_print(_(Op));
-        },
-
       T(Compile)
           << (T(Method)[Method]
               << ((T(Lookup)[Lookup] << (OPERAND[Op] * T(String)[Key])) *

src/lang/passes/call_stmts.cc

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ namespace verona::wf
 
   inline const auto call_stmts = grouping |
     (Block <<=
-     (Freeze | Region | Assign | If | For | Func | Return | ReturnValue | Call |
-      Method | ClearStack | Print)++);
+     (Assign | If | For | Func | Return | ReturnValue | Call | Method |
+      ClearStack | Print)++);
 }
 
 PassDef call_stmts()

src/lang/passes/flatten.cc

@@ -6,16 +6,14 @@ namespace verona::wf
   inline const trieste::wf::Wellformed flatten = (Top <<= File) |
     (File <<= Body) |
     (Body <<=
-     (Freeze | Region | Assign | Eq | Neq | Label | Jump | JumpFalse | Print |
-      StoreFrame | LoadFrame | CreateObject | Ident | IterNext | Create |
-      StoreField | Lookup | String | Call | Method | Return | ReturnValue |
-      ClearStack)++) |
+     (Assign | Take | Eq | Neq | Label | Jump | JumpFalse | Print | StoreFrame |
+      LoadFrame | CreateObject | Ident | IterNext | StoreField | Lookup |
+      String | Call | Method | Return | ReturnValue | ClearStack)++) |
     (CreateObject <<= (KeyIter | String | Dictionary | Func)) |
-    (Func <<= Compile) | (Compile <<= Body) | (Create <<= Ident) |
-    (Assign <<= (Lhs >>= lv) * (Rhs >>= rv)) |
-    (Lookup <<= (Op >>= operand) * (Rhs >>= key)) | (Region <<= Ident) |
-    (Freeze <<= Ident) | (Call <<= Ident * List) | (Method <<= Lookup * List) |
-    (List <<= rv++) | (Params <<= Ident++) |
+    (Func <<= Compile) | (Compile <<= Body) |
+    (Assign <<= (Lhs >>= lv) * (Rhs >>= rv)) | (Take <<= lv) |
+    (Lookup <<= (Op >>= operand) * (Rhs >>= key)) | (Call <<= Ident * List) |
+    (Method <<= Lookup * List) | (List <<= rv++) | (Params <<= Ident++) |
     (Eq <<= (Lhs >>= cmp_values) * (Rhs >>= cmp_values)) |
     (Neq <<= (Lhs >>= cmp_values) * (Rhs >>= cmp_values)) |
     (Label <<= Ident)[Ident];

src/lang/passes/grouping.cc

@@ -16,20 +16,11 @@ PassDef grouping()
       In(Group) * OPERAND[Op] * (T(Lookup)[Lookup] << (T(Group) << KEY[Rhs])) >>
         [](auto& _) { return Lookup << _(Op) << _(Rhs); },
 
-      T(Group) << ((T(Region)[Region] << End) * T(Ident)[Ident] * End) >>
-        [](auto& _) {
-          _(Region)->extend(_(Ident)->location());
-          return _(Region) << _(Ident);
-        },
-
-      T(Group) << ((T(Freeze)[Freeze] << End) * T(Ident)[Ident] * End) >>
-        [](auto& _) {
-          _(Freeze)->extend(_(Ident)->location());
-          return _(Freeze) << _(Ident);
-        },
-
       T(Group) << ((T(Drop)[Drop] << End) * LV[Lhs] * End) >>
         [](auto& _) { return Assign << _(Lhs) << Null; },
+      T(Group) << ((T(Take)[Take] << End) * LV[Lhs] * End) >>
+        [](auto& _) { return create_from(Take, _(Take)) << _(Lhs); },
+
       // function(arg, arg)
       --In(Func) *
           (T(Group)[Group] << (T(Ident)[Ident]) *
@@ -66,12 +57,6 @@ PassDef grouping()
           return create_from(Method, _(Group)) << _(Lookup) << list;
         },
 
-      T(Group) << ((T(Create)[Create] << End) * T(Ident)[Ident] * End) >>
-        [](auto& _) {
-          _(Create)->extend(_(Ident)->location());
-          return Group << (_(Create) << _(Ident));
-        },
-
       T(Assign)
           << ((T(Group) << LV[Lhs] * End) *
               ((T(Group) << (RV[Rhs] * End)) / (RV[Rhs] * End)) * End) >>
@@ -123,10 +108,10 @@ PassDef grouping()
             << (Body << _(Block));
         },
       // Normalize parenthesis with a single node to also have a list token
-      T(Parens)[Parens] << (T(Group) << (Any[Ident] * End)) >>
+      T(Parens)[Parens] << ((T(Group) << (RV[Rhs] * End)) / (RV[Rhs] * End)) >>
         [](auto& _) {
           return create_from(Parens, _(Parens))
-            << (create_from(List, _(Parens)) << _(Ident));
+            << (create_from(List, _(Parens)) << _(Rhs));
         },
 
       T(Return)[Return] << ((T(Group) << End) * End) >>

src/lang/passes/parse.cc

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ namespace verona::wf
 {
   using namespace trieste::wf;
 
-  inline const auto parse_tokens = Region | Ident | Lookup | Empty | Freeze |
-    Drop | Null | String | Create | Parens;
+  inline const auto parse_tokens =
+    Ident | Lookup | Empty | Drop | Take | Null | String | Parens;
   inline const auto parse_groups =
     Group | Assign | If | Else | Block | For | Func | List | Return;
 
@@ -157,9 +157,7 @@ trieste::Parse parser()
           m.push(Block);
         },
       "drop\\b" >> [](auto& m) { m.add(Drop); },
-      "create\\b" >> [](auto& m) { m.add(Create); },
-      "freeze\\b" >> [](auto& m) { m.add(Freeze); },
-      "region\\b" >> [](auto& m) { m.add(Region); },
+      "take\\b" >> [](auto& m) { m.add(Take); },
       "None\\b" >> [](auto& m) { m.add(Null); },
       "[0-9A-Za-z_]+" >> [](auto& m) { m.add(Ident); },
       "\\[" >> [](auto& m) { m.push(Lookup); },