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CA Installation Process
This page describes the process to install CA in IPA 4.9.
The process is defined in CAInstance.configure_instance():
# Determine if we are installing as an externally-signed CA and
# what stage we're in.
if csr_file is not None:
self.csr_file = csr_file
self.external = 1
elif cert_file is not None:
self.cert_file = cert_file
self.cert_chain_file = cert_chain_file
self.external = 2
if self.clone:
has_ra_cert = os.path.exists(paths.RA_AGENT_PEM)
else:
has_ra_cert = False
if not ra_only:
if promote:
# Setup Database
self.step("creating certificate server db", self.__create_ds_db)
self.step("setting up initial replication", self.__setup_replication)
self.step("creating ACIs for admin", self.add_ipaca_aci)
self.step("creating installation admin user", self.setup_admin)
self.step("configuring certificate server instance",
self.__spawn_instance)
# Config file and ACL modifications require either restart or
# offline update of Dogtag.
self.step("stopping certificate server instance to update CS.cfg",
self.stop_instance)
self.step("backing up CS.cfg", self.safe_backup_config)
self.step("Add ipa-pki-wait-running", self.add_ipa_wait)
self.step("secure AJP connector", self.secure_ajp_connector)
self.step("reindex attributes", self.reindex_task)
self.step("exporting Dogtag certificate store pin",
self.create_certstore_passwdfile)
self.step("disabling nonces", self.__disable_nonce)
self.step("set up CRL publishing", self.__enable_crl_publish)
self.step("enable PKIX certificate path discovery and validation",
self.enable_pkix)
self.step("authorizing RA to modify profiles",
configure_profiles_acl)
self.step("authorizing RA to manage lightweight CAs",
configure_lightweight_ca_acls)
self.step("Ensure lightweight CAs container exists",
ensure_lightweight_cas_container)
self.step(
"Ensuring backward compatibility",
self.__dogtag10_migration)
if promote:
self.step("destroying installation admin user",
self.teardown_admin)
# Materialize config changes and new ACLs
self.step("starting certificate server instance",
self.start_instance)
if promote:
self.step("Finalize replication settings",
self.finalize_replica_config)
# Step 1 of external is getting a CSR so we don't need to do these
# steps until we get a cert back from the external CA.
if self.external != 1:
if not has_ra_cert:
self.step("configure certmonger for renewals",
self.configure_certmonger_renewal_helpers)
if not self.clone:
self.step("requesting RA certificate from CA", self.__request_ra_certificate)
elif promote:
self.step("Importing RA key", self.__import_ra_key)
else:
self.step("importing RA certificate from PKCS #12 file",
self.__import_ra_cert)
if not ra_only:
if not self.clone:
self.step("publishing the CA certificate",
self.__export_ca_chain)
self.step("adding RA agent as a trusted user", self.__create_ca_agent)
self.step("configure certificate renewals", self.configure_renewal)
self.step("Configure HTTP to proxy connections",
self.http_proxy)
self.step("updating IPA configuration", update_ipa_conf)
self.step("enabling CA instance", self.__enable_instance)
if not promote:
if self.clone:
# DL0 workaround; see docstring of __expose_ca_in_ldap
self.step("exposing CA instance on LDAP",
self.__expose_ca_in_ldap)
self.step("importing IPA certificate profiles",
import_included_profiles)
self.step("migrating certificate profiles to LDAP",
migrate_profiles_to_ldap)
self.step("adding default CA ACL", ensure_default_caacl)
self.step("adding 'ipa' CA entry", ensure_ipa_authority_entry)
if not self.clone:
self.step("Recording random serial number state",
self.__store_random_serial_number_state)
else:
# Re-import profiles in the promote case to pick up any
# that will only be triggered by an upgrade.
self.step("importing IPA certificate profiles",
import_included_profiles)
self.step("configuring certmonger renewal for lightweight CAs",
self.add_lightweight_ca_tracking_requests)
if minimum_acme_support():
self.step("deploying ACME service", self.setup_acme)
if ra_only:
runtime = None
else:
runtime = 180
try:
self.start_creation(runtime=runtime)
finally:
if self.external == 1:
# Don't remove client DB in external CA step 1
# https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7742
logger.debug("Keep pkispawn files for step 2")
else:
self.clean_pkispawn_files()
This step is defined in CAInstance.__create_ds_db().
This step creates PKI database.
It is needed when pkispawn option pki_ds_create_new_db is set to False.
It creates the following entries:
-
cn=ipaca,cn=ldbm database,cn=plugins,cn=config -
cn=o\=ipaca,cn=mapping tree,cn=config
This step is defined in CAInstance.__setup_replication().
This step is defined in CAInstance.__spawn_instance().
It creates and configures a new CA instance using pkispawn.
It creates the config file with IPA specific parameters and passes it to the base class to call pkispawn.
See also:
This step is defined in DogtagInstance.stop_instance().
It calls:
$ systemctl stop pki-tomcatd@pki-tomcat
This step is defined in CAInstance.safe_backup_config().
It copies /var/lib/pki/pki-tomcat/conf/ca/CS.cfg into /var/lib/pki/pki-tomcat/conf/ca/CS.cfg.ipabkp.
This step is defined in CAInstance.add_ipa_wait().
It adds ipa-pki-wait-running into pki-tomcatd service.
It creates /etc/systemd/system/[email protected]/ipa.conf that contains:
[Service] Environment=LC_ALL=C.UTF-8 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/ipa/ipa-pki-wait-running
Then it calls systemdctl daemon-reload.
This step is defined in DogtagInstance.secure_ajp_connector().
It updates the AJP connectors in /etc/pki/pki-tomcat/server.xml to use a password protection.
<Connector
protocol="AJP/1.3"
address="127.0.0.1"
port="8009"
redirectPort="8443"
secret="..." />
<Connector
protocol="AJP/1.3"
address="::1"
port="8009"
redirectPort="8443"
secret="..." />
This step is defined in DogtagInstance.reindex_task().
It reindexes ipaca entries.
pkispawn sometimes does not run its indextasks.
This leads to slow unindexed filters on attributes such as description, which is used to log in with a certificate.
This task explicitly reindexes attribute that should have been reindexed by CA’s indextasks.ldif.
This step is defined in CAInstance.create_certstore_passwdfile().
This step creates /etc/pki/pki-tomcat/alias/pwdfile.txt file so that this file can be assumed and used for certutil operations.
This step is defined in CAInstance.__disable_nonce().
It sets ca.enableNonces to false in /var/lib/pki/pki-tomcat/conf/ca/CS.cfg.
This step is defined in CAInstance.__enable_crl_publish().
It enables file-based CRL publishing and disable LDAP publishing.
This step is defined in CAInstance.enable_pkix().
It sets NSS_ENABLE_PKIX_VERIFY=1 in:
-
Fedora:
/etc/sysconfig/pki-tomcat -
Debian:
/etc/default/pki-tomcat
This step is defined in CAInstance.configure_profiles_acl().
It allows the Certificate Manager Agents group to modify profiles.
It adds the following ACL entries:
certServer.profile.configuration:read,modify:allow (read,modify) group="Certificate Manager Agents":Certificate Manager agents may modify (create/update/delete) and read profiles certServer.ca.account:login,logout:allow (login,logout) user="anybody":Anybody can login and logout
This step is defined in CAInstance.configure_lightweight_ca_acls().
It allows Certificate Manager Agents to manage lightweight CAs.
It adds the following ACL entries:
certServer.ca.authorities:list,read:allow (list,read) user="anybody":Anybody may list and read lightweight authorities certServer.ca.authorities:create,modify:allow (create,modify) group="Administrators":Administrators may create and modify lightweight authorities certServer.ca.authorities:delete:allow (delete) group="Administrators":Administrators may delete lightweight authorities certServer.ca.authorities:create,modify,delete:allow (create,modify,delete) group="Certificate Manager Agents":Certificate Manager Agents may manage lightweight authorities
This step is defined in CAInstance.ensure_lightweight_cas_container().
It checks whether the following entry exists in DS:
dn: ou=authorities,ou=ca,o=ipaca objectClass: top objectClass: organizationalUnit ou: authorities
This step is defined in CAInstance.__dogtag10_migration().
It runs 50-dogtag10-migration.update in DS.
This step is defined in DogtagInstance.start_instance().
It calls:
$ systemctl start pki-tomcatd@pki-tomcat
This step is defined in CAInstance.finalize_replica_config().
This step is defined in CAInstance.__request_ra_certificate().
It requests the IPA RA certificate from Dogtag.
Dogtag automatically generates an admin certificate that in a usual deployment would be used in the UI to handle administrative duties. IPA does not use this certificate except as a bootstrap to generate the RA.
To do this it bends over backwards a bit by modifying the way typical certificates are retrieved using certmonger by forcing it to call dogtag-submit directly.
This step is defined in CAInstance.__import_ra_key().
This step is defined in CAInstance.__import_ra_cert().
This is used when setting up replication.
Cloned RAs will use the same RA agent cert as the master so we need to import from a PKCS#12 file.
This step is defined in CAInstance.__export_ca_chain().
It gets the CA chain from Dogtag NSS database and writes it to /etc/ipa/ca.crt.
This step is defined in CAInstance.__create_ca_agent().
It creates RA agent:
dn: uid=ipara,ou=People,o=ipaca objectClass: top objectClass: person objectClass: organizationalPerson objectClass: inetOrgPerson objectClass: cmsuser uid: ipara sn: ipara cn: ipara userType: agentType userState: 1
assigns the RA agent certificate:
dn: uid=ipara,ou=People,o=ipaca changetype: modify add: userCertificate userCertificate: <cert data> - add: description description: 2;<serial number>;<issuer DN>;<subject DN>
and adds the user to the appropriate groups for accessing CA services:
dn: cn=Certificate Manager Agents,ou=groups,o=ipaca changetype: modify add: uniqueMember uniqueMember: uid=ipara,ou=People,o=ipaca dn: cn=Registration Manager Agents,ou=groups,o=ipaca changetype: modify add: uniqueMember uniqueMember: uid=ipara,ou=People,o=ipaca dn: cn=Security Domain Administrators,ou=groups,o=ipaca changetype: modify add: uniqueMember uniqueMember: uid=ipara,ou=People,o=ipaca
This step is defined in DogtagInstance.http_proxy().
It updates the HTTP proxy file:
-
Fedora:
/etc/httpd/conf.d/ipa-pki-proxy.conf -
Debian:
/etc/apache2/conf-enabled/ipa-pki-proxy.conf -
SUSE:
/etc/apache2/conf.d/ipa-pki-proxy.conf
This step is defined in CAInstance.update_ipa_conf().
It updates IPA configuration file to ensure that RA plugins are enabled and that CA host points to specified server (or localhost if ca_host=None).
This step is defined in CAInstance.__enable_instance().
This step is defined in CAInstance.__expose_ca_in_ldap().
In a case when replica is created on DL0 we need to make sure that query for CA service record of this replica in LDAP will succeed in time of installation. This method is needed for sucessfull replica installation on DL0 and should be removed alongside with code for DL0.
This step is defined in CAInstance.import_included_profiles().
This step is defined in CAInstance.migrate_profiles_to_ldap().
This must be run after switching to the LDAPProfileSubsystem and restarting the CA.
The profile might already exist, e.g. if a replica was already upgraded, so this case is ignored. New/missing profiles are imported into LDAP. Existing profiles are not modified. This means that they are neither enabled nor updated when the file on disk has been changed.
This step is defined in CAInstance.ensure_default_caacl().
It adds the default CA ACL if missing:
dn: cn=ca,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: top objectClass: nsContainer cn: ca dn: cn=caacls,cn=ca,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: top objectClass: nsContainer cn: certprofiles <-- bug?
Tihs step is defined in CAInstance.ensure_ipa_authority_entry().
It adds the IPA CA ipaCa object if missing.
This requires the "host authority" authority entry to have been created,
which Dogtag will do automatically upon startup,
if the ou=authorities,ou=ca,o=ipaca container exists.
Therefore, the ensure_lightweight_cas_container() function must be executed,
and Dogtag restarted, before executing this function.
dn: cn=cas,cn=ca,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: top objectClass: nsContainer cn: cas dn: cn=ipa,cn=cas,cn=ca,dc=example,dc=com objectClass: top objectClass: ipaca cn: ipa description: IPA CA
This step is defined in CAInstance.__store_random_serial_number_state().
It saves the Random Serial Number (RSN) version.
This is intended to add flexibility in case RSN bumps another version in dogtag. For now we only support v3 or no randomization (0).
dn: cn=ipa,cn=cas,cn=ca,dc=example,dc=com changetype: modify replace: ipaCaRandomSerialNumberVersion ipaCaRandomSerialNumberVersion: <version>
This step is defined in CAInstance.add_lightweight_ca_tracking_requests().