Ct 2599/childrens parents depth

[kentkr]

resolves #7703

Problem

This feature adds the ability to specify the maximum childs parent depth like 1@model. It functions similarly to 1+model.

Solution

A more thorough discussion can be found in #7703. The solution was to add to existing functionality like spec parsing and child/parent depth restrictions when creating the DAG.

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g. macros, cli, logs, json artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX

[kentkr]

This commit is a bit premature because some of the requested functionality in #7703 doesn't quite work.

• 1@changed_model+1 (equivalent as1@changed_model)
  all children, and their first-order parents

Using both @ and + at the same time will fail because of the below code block.

https://github.com/kentkr/dbt-core/blob/b7aee3f5a428aa69241839196289eeed166e24f1/core/dbt/cli/flags.py#L45C1-L52C15

That means we can't specify the depth of the children (denoted with +) and the depth of the parents of those children (denoted with @). I don't know why these are incompatible but there must be a reason out there. Before I go ahead and change it I wanted to get confirmation on that. @jtcohen6 any thoughts?

[dataders]

@kentkr hey do you mind resolving these merge conflicts so that we can take a look?

[kentkr]

Hey! Yep thanks for getting back to me. I fixed the merge conflicts.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 86.39%. Comparing base (6b5db17) to head (f169b37).
Report is 8 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #8379      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   89.17%   86.39%   -2.78%     
==========================================
  Files         183      183              
  Lines       23491    23553      +62     
==========================================
- Hits        20947    20348     -599     
- Misses       2544     3205     +661     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration	86.39% <100.00%> (-0.07%)	⬇️
unit	?

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Components	Coverage Δ
Unit Tests	86.39% <100.00%> (-2.78%)	⬇️
Integration Tests	86.39% <100.00%> (-0.07%)	⬇️

[github-actions]

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[kentkr]

@dbeatty10 thanks for jumping in on this! Let me know if you need anything else from me.