backport: merge bitcoin#24794, #23524, #24902, #24915, #24916, #24929, #23506, #24840, #24982, partial bitcoin#25288 (lint backports: part 2)

[kwvg]

Additional Information

• Depends on backport: merge bitcoin#24778, #24766, #24849, #24844, #24853, #24895, #24802, #24932, partial bitcoin#23212, #23462 (lint backports) #6428

• The introduction in flake8-cached for lint-python.sh in dash#4807 was reverted as this logic wasn't going to be ported over to the Python replacement as the flake8-cached repo has been archived since April 2023 (source) and we don't use it in CI through GitLab (build) or GitHub Actions (build).

• bitcoin#25288 has been marked as partial as the change of the glob pattern from {mod_path}/lint-* to {mod_path}/lint-*.py as we still have lint-cppcheck-dash.sh around (source) (and the original cppcheck linter upstream was removed in bitcoin#25091).

  A Python port of that linter would allow for completing bitcoin#25288.

Breaking Changes

None expected.

Checklist

• I have performed a self-review of my own code
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas (note: N/A)
• I have added or updated relevant unit/integration/functional/e2e tests
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• I have assigned this pull request to a milestone (for repository code-owners and collaborators only)