Implementing BaseTemplate to manage Trace attr mutability

specreduce/background.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 from astropy import units as u
 
 from specreduce.extract import _ap_weight_image, _to_spectrum1d_pixels
-from specreduce.tracing import Trace, FlatTrace
+from specreduce.tracing import FlatTrace, BaseTrace
 
 __all__ = ['Background']
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def __post_init__(self):
             cross-dispersion axis
         """
         def _to_trace(trace):
-            if not isinstance(trace, Trace):
+            if not isinstance(trace, BaseTrace):
                 trace = FlatTrace(self.image, trace)
 
             # TODO: this check can be removed if/when implemented as a check in FlatTrace
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def _to_trace(trace):
             self.bkg_array = np.zeros(self.image.shape[self.disp_axis])
             return
 
-        if isinstance(self.traces, Trace):
+        if isinstance(self.traces, BaseTrace):
             self.traces = [self.traces]
 
         bkg_wimage = np.zeros_like(self.image, dtype=np.float64)

specreduce/extract.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 from astropy.nddata import NDData
 
 from specreduce.core import SpecreduceOperation
-from specreduce.tracing import Trace, FlatTrace
+from specreduce.tracing import FlatTrace, BaseTrace
 from specutils import Spectrum1D
 
 __all__ = ['BoxcarExtract', 'HorneExtract', 'OptimalExtract']
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ def _ap_weight_image(trace, width, disp_axis, crossdisp_axis, image_shape):
 
     Parameters
     ----------
-    trace : `~specreduce.tracing.Trace`, required
+    trace : `~specreduce.tracing.BaseTrace`, required
         trace object
     width : float, required
         width of extraction aperture in pixels
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class BoxcarExtract(SpecreduceOperation):
     ----------
     image : nddata-compatible image
         image with 2-D spectral image data
-    trace_object : Trace
+    trace_object : BaseTrace
         trace object
     width : float
         width of extraction aperture in pixels
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ class BoxcarExtract(SpecreduceOperation):
         The extracted 1d spectrum expressed in DN and pixel units
     """
     image: NDData
-    trace_object: Trace
+    trace_object: BaseTrace
     width: float = 5
     disp_axis: int = 1
     crossdisp_axis: int = 0
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ def __call__(self, image=None, trace_object=None, width=None,
         ----------
         image : nddata-compatible image
             image with 2-D spectral image data
-        trace_object : Trace
+        trace_object : BaseTrace
             trace object
         width : float
             width of extraction aperture in pixels [default: 5]
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ class HorneExtract(SpecreduceOperation):
         NDData object must specify uncertainty and a mask. An array
         requires use of the ``variance``, ``mask``, & ``unit`` arguments.
 
-    trace_object : `~specreduce.tracing.Trace`, required
+    trace_object : `~specreduce.tracing.BaseTrace`, required
         The associated 1D trace object created for the 2D image.
 
     disp_axis : int, optional
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ class HorneExtract(SpecreduceOperation):
 
     """
     image: NDData
-    trace_object: Trace
+    trace_object: BaseTrace
     bkgrd_prof: Model = field(default=models.Polynomial1D(2))
     variance: np.ndarray = field(default=None)
     mask: np.ndarray = field(default=None)
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ def __call__(self, image=None, trace_object=None,
             NDData object must specify uncertainty and a mask. An array
             requires use of the ``variance``, ``mask``, & ``unit`` arguments.
 
-        trace_object : `~specreduce.tracing.Trace`, required
+        trace_object : `~specreduce.tracing.BaseTrace`, required
             The associated 1D trace object created for the 2D image.
 
         disp_axis : int, optional

specreduce/tracing.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Licensed under a 3-clause BSD style license - see LICENSE.rst
 
 from copy import deepcopy
-from dataclasses import dataclass
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 import warnings
 
 from astropy.modeling import fitting, models
@@ -10,56 +10,32 @@
 from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline
 import numpy as np
 
-__all__ = ['Trace', 'FlatTrace', 'ArrayTrace', 'KosmosTrace']
+__all__ = ['BaseTrace', 'Trace', 'FlatTrace', 'ArrayTrace', 'KosmosTrace']
 
 
-@dataclass
-class Trace:
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BaseTrace:
     """
-    Basic tracing class that by default traces the middle of the image.
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    image : `~astropy.nddata.CCDData`
-        Image to be traced
-
-    Properties
-    ----------
-    shape : tuple
-        Shape of the array describing the trace
+    A dataclass common to all Trace objects.
     """
     image: CCDData
+    _trace_pos: (float, np.ndarray) = field(repr=False)
+    _trace: np.ndarray = field(repr=False)
 
     def __post_init__(self):
-        self.trace_pos = self.image.shape[0] / 2
-        self.trace = np.ones_like(self.image[0]) * self.trace_pos
+        # this class only exists to catch __post_init__ calls in its
+        # subclasses, so that super().__post_init__ calls work correctly.
+        pass
 
     def __getitem__(self, i):
         return self.trace[i]
 
-    @property
-    def shape(self):
-        return self.trace.shape
-
-    def shift(self, delta):
-        """
-        Shift the trace by delta pixels perpendicular to the axis being traced
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        delta : float
-            Shift to be applied to the trace
-        """
-        # act on self.trace.data to ignore the mask and then re-mask when calling _bound_trace
-        self.trace = np.asarray(self.trace.data) + delta
-        self._bound_trace()
-
     def _bound_trace(self):
         """
         Mask trace positions that are outside the upper/lower bounds of the image.
         """
         ny = self.image.shape[0]
-        self.trace = np.ma.masked_outside(self.trace, 0, ny-1)
+        object.__setattr__(self, '_trace', np.ma.masked_outside(self._trace, 0, ny - 1))
 
     def __add__(self, delta):
         """
@@ -77,9 +53,60 @@ def __sub__(self, delta):
         """
         return self.__add__(-delta)
 
+    def shift(self, delta):
+        """
+        Shift the trace by delta pixels perpendicular to the axis being traced
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        delta : float
+            Shift to be applied to the trace
+        """
+        # act on self._trace.data to ignore the mask and then re-mask when calling _bound_trace
+        object.__setattr__(self, '_trace', np.asarray(self._trace.data) + delta)
+        object.__setattr__(self, '_trace_pos', self._trace_pos + delta)
+        self._bound_trace()
+
+    @property
+    def shape(self):
+        return self._trace.shape
+
+    @property
+    def trace(self):
+        return self._trace
 
-@dataclass
-class FlatTrace(Trace):
+    @property
+    def trace_pos(self):
+        return self._trace_pos
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _default_trace_attrs(image):
+        """
+        Compute a default trace position and trace array using only
+        the image dimensions.
+        """
+        trace_pos = image.shape[0] / 2
+        trace = np.ones_like(image[0]) * trace_pos
+        return trace_pos, trace
+
+
+@dataclass(init=False, frozen=True)
+class Trace(BaseTrace):
+    """
+    Basic tracing class that by default traces the middle of the image.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    image : `~astropy.nddata.CCDData`
+        Image to be traced
+    """
+    def __init__(self, image):
+        trace_pos, trace = self._default_trace_attrs(image)
+        super().__init__(image, trace_pos, trace)
+
+
+@dataclass(init=False, frozen=True)
+class FlatTrace(BaseTrace):
     """
     Trace that is constant along the axis being traced
 
@@ -92,10 +119,11 @@ class FlatTrace(Trace):
     trace_pos : float
         Position of the trace
     """
-    trace_pos: float
 
-    def __post_init__(self):
-        self.set_position(self.trace_pos)
+    def __init__(self, image, trace_pos):
+        _, trace = self._default_trace_attrs(image)
+        super().__init__(image, trace_pos, trace)
+        self.set_position(trace_pos)
 
     def set_position(self, trace_pos):
         """
@@ -106,13 +134,13 @@ def set_position(self, trace_pos):
         trace_pos : float
             Position of the trace
         """
-        self.trace_pos = trace_pos
-        self.trace = np.ones_like(self.image[0]) * self.trace_pos
+        object.__setattr__(self, '_trace_pos', trace_pos)
+        object.__setattr__(self, '_trace', np.ones_like(self.image[0]) * trace_pos)
         self._bound_trace()
 
 
-@dataclass
-class ArrayTrace(Trace):
+@dataclass(init=False, frozen=True)
+class ArrayTrace(BaseTrace):
     """
     Define a trace given an array of trace positions
 
@@ -121,25 +149,27 @@ class ArrayTrace(Trace):
     trace : `numpy.ndarray`
         Array containing trace positions
     """
-    trace: np.ndarray
+    def __init__(self, image, trace):
+        trace_pos, _ = self._default_trace_attrs(image)
+        super().__init__(image, trace_pos, trace)
 
-    def __post_init__(self):
         nx = self.image.shape[1]
-        nt = len(self.trace)
+        nt = len(trace)
         if nt != nx:
             if nt > nx:
                 # truncate trace to fit image
-                self.trace = self.trace[0:nx]
+                trace = trace[0:nx]
             else:
                 # assume trace starts at beginning of image and pad out trace to fit.
                 # padding will be the last value of the trace, but will be masked out.
-                padding = np.ma.MaskedArray(np.ones(nx - nt) * self.trace[-1], mask=True)
-                self.trace = np.ma.hstack([self.trace, padding])
+                padding = np.ma.MaskedArray(np.ones(nx - nt) * trace[-1], mask=True)
+                trace = np.ma.hstack([trace, padding])
+        object.__setattr__(self, '_trace', trace)
         self._bound_trace()
 
 
-@dataclass
-class KosmosTrace(Trace):
+@dataclass(init=False, frozen=True)
+class KosmosTrace(BaseTrace):
     """
     Trace the spectrum aperture in an image.
 
@@ -192,14 +222,25 @@ class KosmosTrace(Trace):
     4) add other interpolation modes besides spline, maybe via
         specutils.manipulation methods?
     """
-    bins: int = 20
-    guess: float = None
-    window: int = None
-    peak_method: str = 'gaussian'
+    bins: int
+    guess: float
+    window: int
+    peak_method: str
     _crossdisp_axis = 0
     _disp_axis = 1
 
-    def __post_init__(self):
+    def _process_init_kwargs(self, **kwargs):
+        for attr, value in kwargs.items():
+            object.__setattr__(self, attr, value)
+
+    def __init__(self, image, bins=20, guess=None, window=None, peak_method='gaussian'):
+        # This method will assign the user supplied value (or default) to the attrs:
+        self._process_init_kwargs(
+            bins=bins, guess=guess, window=window, peak_method=peak_method
+        )
+        trace_pos, trace = self._default_trace_attrs(image)
+        super().__init__(image, trace_pos, trace)
+
         # handle multiple image types and mask uncaught invalid values
         if isinstance(self.image, NDData):
             img = np.ma.masked_invalid(np.ma.masked_array(self.image.data,
@@ -223,7 +264,7 @@ def __post_init__(self):
 
         if not isinstance(self.bins, int):
             warnings.warn('TRACE: Converting bins to int')
-            self.bins = int(self.bins)
+            object.__setattr__(self, 'bins', int(self.bins))
 
         if self.bins < 4:
             raise ValueError('bins must be >= 4')
@@ -240,7 +281,7 @@ def __post_init__(self):
                              "length of the image's spatial direction")
         elif self.window is not None and not isinstance(self.window, int):
             warnings.warn('TRACE: Converting window to int')
-            self.window = int(self.window)
+            object.__setattr__(self, 'window', int(self.window))
 
         # set max peak location by user choice or wavelength with max avg flux
         ztot = img.sum(axis=self._disp_axis) / img.shape[self._disp_axis]
@@ -343,4 +384,4 @@ def __post_init__(self):
             warnings.warn("TRACE ERROR: No valid points found in trace")
             trace_y = np.tile(np.nan, len(x_bins))
 
-        self.trace = np.ma.masked_invalid(trace_y)
+        object.__setattr__(self, '_trace', np.ma.masked_invalid(trace_y))