add workflow for building a docker image

.github/Dockerfile

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+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+
+ARG VERILATOR_VERSION
+ARG VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION
+ARG OPENOCD_VERSION
+ARG RENODE_VERSION
+ARG SPIKE_VERSION
+
+ENV VERILATOR_VERSION=$VERILATOR_VERSION
+ENV VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION=$VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION
+ENV OPENOCD_VERSION=$OPENOCD_VERSION
+ENV RENODE_VERSION=$RENODE_VERSION
+ENV SPIKE_VERSION=$SPIKE_VERSION
+
+# All versions shall be stated explicitly
+RUN : "${VERILATOR_VERSION:?Environment variable VERILATOR_VERSION is not set or empty}" && \
+    : "${VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION:?Environment variable VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION is not set or empty}" && \
+    : "${OPENOCD_VERSION:?Environment variable OPENOCD_VERSION is not set or empty}" && \
+    : "${RENODE_VERSION:?Environment variable RENODE_VERSION is not set or empty}" && \
+    : "${SPIKE_VERSION:?Environment variable SPIKE_VERSION is not set or empty}"
+
+# Install prerequisites
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    autoconf \
+    automake \
+    autotools-dev \
+    bc \
+    bison \
+    build-essential \
+    ccache \
+    curl \
+    device-tree-compiler \
+    flex \
+    gawk \
+    git \
+    gperf \
+    help2man \
+    libexpat-dev \
+    libfl-dev \
+    libfl2 \
+    libgmp-dev \
+    libmpc-dev \
+    libmpfr-dev \
+    libtool \
+    make \
+    ninja-build \
+    patchutils \
+    pkg-config \
+    python3 \
+    python3-pip \
+    texinfo \
+    wget \
+    zlib1g \
+    zlib1g-dev
+
+# Clone and build Verilator
+RUN git clone https://github.com/verilator/verilator verilator && \
+    cd verilator && \
+    git checkout ${VERILATOR_VERSION} && \
+    autoconf && \
+    ./configure --prefix=/opt/verilator && \
+    make -j $(nproc) && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf verilator
+
+# TODO We're using a separate version of verilator for uvm tests.
+# TODO Handle this properly.
+# TODO We may use docker compose or at least clean the previous tree and rebuild instead of cloning again.
+# Clone and build Verilator (UVM)
+RUN git clone https://github.com/verilator/verilator verilator && \
+    cd verilator && \
+    git checkout ${VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION} && \
+    autoconf && \
+    ./configure --prefix=/opt/verilator_uvm && \
+    make -j $(nproc) && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf verilator
+
+# Clone and build OpenOCD
+RUN git clone https://github.com/antmicro/openocd openocd && \
+    cd openocd && \
+    git checkout ${OPENOCD_VERSION} && \
+    ./bootstrap && \
+    ./configure --prefix=/opt/openocd --enable-remote-bitbang CFLAGS="-Wno-error=misleading-indentation -Wno-error=stringop-overflow" && \
+    make -j$(nproc) && \
+    make install && \
+    cd .. && \
+    rm -rf openocd
+
+# Download and unpack Renode
+RUN wget https://builds.renode.io/renode-${RENODE_VERSION}.linux-portable.tar.gz && \
+    mv renode-*.tar.gz /opt/renode.tar.gz && \
+    mkdir -p /opt/renode && \
+    tar -zxvf /opt/renode.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C /opt/renode && \
+    rm /opt/renode.tar.gz
+
+# Clone and build Spike
+# FIXME: sed replacements in this part should be done in a VeeR-specific Spike fork
+#
+# Rationale: VeeR pulls down bits 31 and 30 of pmpaddrn CSRs to 0.
+# This change is required so that we don't get mismatches related
+# to read/write operations on PMP CSRs:
+#
+#   Mismatch[1]:
+#   ISS[23] : pc[80000068] csrrw   a1, pmpaddr0, a1: a1:f75f83f1 c944_pmpaddr0:2000044f
+#   HDL[23] : pc[80000068] : a1:375f83f1 c3b0:2000044f
+RUN git clone https://github.com/riscv-software-src/riscv-isa-sim spike && \
+    cd spike && \
+    git checkout ${SPIKE_VERSION} && \
+    sed -i 's/((reg_t(1) << (MAX_PADDR_BITS - PMP_SHIFT)) - 1);/0x3fffffff;/g' riscv/csrs.cc && \
+    sed -i 's/return (addr >> MAX_PADDR_BITS) == 0;/return (addr >> 32) == 0;/g' riscv/sim.cc && \
+    mkdir build && \
+    cd build && \
+    ../configure --prefix=/opt/spike && \
+    make -j$(nproc) && \
+    make install && \
+    cd ../.. && \
+    rm -rf /opt/spike/include /opt/spike/lib spike
+
+ENV PATH="$PATH:/opt/renode:/opt/verilator/bin:/opt/openocd/bin:/opt/spike/bin"
+
+RUN verilator --version
+RUN /opt/verilator_uvm/bin/verilator --version
+RUN openocd --version
+RUN renode --version
+RUN spike 2>&1 | head -n1

.github/workflows/build-docker-image.yml

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+name: Build docker image
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - .github/workflows/build-docker-image.yml
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    env:
+      VERILATOR_VERSION: v5.024
+      VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION: 7ca2d6470a
+      OPENOCD_VERSION: riscv-nohalt-change-module
+      RENODE_VERSION: 1.15.3+20240924gitc7bc336bb
+      SPIKE_VERSION: d70ea67d
+      DEBIAN_FRONTEND: "noninteractive"
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout code
+      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+
+    - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
+      uses: docker/login-action@v3
+      with:
+        registry: ghcr.io
+        username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: Create directory for context
+      run: |
+        # Work in an empty directory to avoid unnecessary copying.
+        mkdir context
+
+    - name: Build and push to registry
+      uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+      with:
+        context: context
+        push: true
+        tags: ghcr.io/antmicro/cores-veer-el2:latest
+        file: .github/Dockerfile
+        build-args: |
+          VERILATOR_VERSION=${{ env.VERILATOR_VERSION }}
+          VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION=${{ env.VERILATOR_UVM_VERSION }}
+          OPENOCD_VERSION=${{ env.OPENOCD_VERSION }}
+          RENODE_VERSION=${{ env.RENODE_VERSION }}
+          SPIKE_VERSION=${{ env.SPIKE_VERSION }}