chore(deps): update wasmtime to v24 (major) (#337)

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This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Type | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| [wasmtime](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime) | workspace.dependencies | major | `23.0.0` -> `24.0.0` |
| [wasmtime-wasi](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime) | workspace.dependencies | major | `23.0.0` -> `24.0.0` |

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>bytecodealliance/wasmtime (wasmtime)</summary>

### [`v24.0.0`](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v24.0.0)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/compare/v23.0.2...v24.0.0)

##### 24.0.0

Released 2024-08-20.

##### Added

-   A new `wasmtime_engine_clone` function was added to the C API.
    [#&#8203;8907](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8907)

-   Wasmtime now has basic support for allocating a `StructRef` in the embedder
    API.
    [#&#8203;8933](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8933)

-   The `wasmtime run` subcommand now support a `--argv0` flag indicating the
    value of the first element to arguments reported to wasm if it shouldn't be
    the default of the wasm binary name itself.
    [#&#8203;8961](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8961)

-   Support for Winch on AArch64 continued to improve.
    [#&#8203;8921](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8921)
    [#&#8203;9018](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9018)
    [#&#8203;9033](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9033)
    [#&#8203;9051](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9051)

-   An initial implementation of the `wasi-runtime-config` proposal was added to
    Wasmtime.
    [#&#8203;8950](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8950)
    [#&#8203;8970](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8970)
    [#&#8203;8981](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8981)

-   Initial support for f16 and f128 in Cranelift continued to improve.
    [#&#8203;8893](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8893)
    [#&#8203;9045](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9045)

-   More types in `wasmtime-wasi-http` implement the `Debug` trait.
    [#&#8203;8979](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8979)

-   The `wasmtime explore` subcommand now supports exploring CLIF too.
    [#&#8203;8972](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8972)

-   Support for SIMD in Winch has begun, but it is not complete yet.
    [#&#8203;8990](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8990)
    [#&#8203;9006](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9006)

-   Initial work on Pulley, an interpreter for Wasmtime, has begun.
    [#&#8203;9008](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9008)
    [#&#8203;9013](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9013)
    [#&#8203;9014](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9014)

-   The `-Wunknown-imports-trap` flag to `wasmtime run` now supports components.
    [#&#8203;9021](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9021)

-   An initial implementation of the `wasi-keyvalue` proposal was added to
    Wasmtime.
    [#&#8203;8983](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8983)
    [#&#8203;9032](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9032)
    [#&#8203;9050](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9050)
    [#&#8203;9062](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9062)

-   An `unsafe` API has been added to unload process trap handlers.
    [#&#8203;9022](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9022)

-   The s390x backend now fully supports tail calls.
    [#&#8203;9052](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9052)

##### Changed

-   The `flags` type in the component model now has a hard limit of 32-or-fewer
    flags. For more information about this transition [https://github.com/WebAssembly/component-model/issues/370](https://togithub.com/WebAssembly/component-model/issues/370)sues/370.
    [#&#8203;8882](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8882)

-   Multiple returns for functions in the component model are now gated by default
    and are planned to be removed.
    [#&#8203;8965](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8965)

-   TCP streams in WASIp2 will now immediately return `StreamError::Closed` when
    the TCP stream is closed or shut down.
    [#&#8203;8968](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8968)
    [#&#8203;9055](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9055)

-   Cranelift will now perform constant propagation on some floating-point
    operations.
    [#&#8203;8954](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/8954)

-   Wasmtime and Cranelift now require at least Rust 1.78.0 to compile.
    [#&#8203;9010](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9010)

-   The `wasmtime::Val` type now implements the `Copy` trait.
    [#&#8203;9024](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9024)

-   Wasmtime's wasi-nn implementation has been updated to track the upstream
    specification.
    [#&#8203;9056](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9056)

-   Names provided to `trappable_imports` in `bindgen!` are now validated to be
    used.
    [#&#8203;9057](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9057)

-   Support for multi-package `*.wit` files now requires a `package ...;` header
    at the top of the file.
    [#&#8203;9053](https://togithub.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/pull/9053)

</details>

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