eishay_jvm_serializers_benchmark
OS:Linux
JVM:Oracle Corporation 1.8.0_333
CPU:null os-arch:null
Cores (incl HT):4
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
This test focusses on en/decoding of a cyclefree data structure, but the featureset of the libraries compared differs a lot:
- some serializers support cycle detection/object sharing others just write non-cyclic tree structures
- some include full metadata in serialized output, some don't
- some are cross platform, some are language specific
- some are text based, some are binary,
- some support versioning forward/backward, both, some don't
(See "ToolBehavior":wiki/ToolBehavior) Other test data will yield different results (e.g. adding a non ascii char to every string :-) ). However the results give a raw estimation of library performance.
Benchmarks serializers- Only cycle free tree structures. An object referenced twice will be serialized twice.
- no manual optimizations.
- schema is known in advance (pre registration or even class generation). (Not all might make use of that)
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl jsonb-array/fastjson2/databind 57 416 420 836 227 145 json-array/dsl-json/databind 55 537 575 1112 296 187 kryo-registered-flat 57 614 551 1165 218 140 fst-flat-pre 57 560 631 1191 254 168 protostuff 72 492 717 1209 242 153 jsonb/fastjson2/databind 57 608 626 1233 366 235 protobuf 260 817 433 1250 242 152 json-array/fastjson2/databind 57 601 731 1332 279 168 kryo-auto-flat 58 726 766 1492 273 184 json/dsl-json/databind 56 592 956 1548 488 271 json/fastjson2/databind 57 713 1014 1728 454 247 protobuf/jackson+afterburner/databind 57 867 1045 1911 242 151 thrift-compact 79 1252 706 1958 243 152 msgpack/databind 57 848 1122 1970 236 150 thrift 78 1390 707 2097 352 201 protobuf/jackson/databind 56 928 1262 2190 242 151 cbor/jackson/databind 56 929 1408 2337 398 251 avro-specific 86 1734 1072 2806 224 136 avro-fastserde-generic 339 1916 919 2835 224 136 json/jackson/databind 57 1177 1679 2856 488 271 avro-generic 339 1952 912 2864 224 136 json/jackson-jr/databind 56 1326 1580 2906 471 263 avro-fastserde-specific 77 1829 1256 3085 224 136 json-array/fastjson/databind 58 1307 1916 3224 284 171 json/fastjson/databind 60 1795 2018 3813 489 271 json/javax-tree/glassfish 982 7367 11184 18551 488 273 java-built-in 56 4605 20094 24700 892 520 json/json-lib/databind 58 23418 63855 87273 488 273Contains serializer(-configurations)
- supporting full object graph write/read. Object graph may contain cycles. If an Object is referenced twice, it will be so after deserialization.
- nothing is known in advance, no class generation, no preregistering of classes. Everything is captured at runtime using e.g. reflection.
- note this usually cannot be used cross language, however JSON/XML formats may enable cross language deserialization.
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl protostuff-graph 73 682 725 1407 242 153 protostuff-graph-runtime 56 854 751 1605 244 154 kryo-registered 57 1079 870 1949 236 153 kryo-auto 56 1195 1152 2347 291 198 fst 57 1481 1329 2810 319 208 jboss-marshalling-river-ct 57 2044 1615 3659 301 203 hessian 59 3592 3260 6851 503 319 jboss-marshalling-river 56 3129 5870 8999 608 395 jboss-serialization 58 5236 5583 10819 935 587 jboss-marshalling-serial 58 6550 7446 13996 859 503 java-built-in-serializer 56 4766 19709 24475 892 520 stephenerialization 53 5434 19722 25156 1096 522 json/flexjson/databind 57 10339 16953 27292 506 282Contains serializer(-configurations)
- Only cycle free tree structures. An object referenced twice will be serialized twice.
- schema is known in advance (pre registration, intermediate message description languages, class generation).
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl jsonb-array/fastjson2/databind 57 416 420 836 227 145 protobuf/protostuff 72 478 712 1189 242 152 jsonb/fastjson2/databind 57 608 626 1233 366 235 protobuf 260 817 433 1250 242 152 protobuf/protostuff-runtime 56 679 670 1349 244 153 thrift-compact 79 1252 706 1958 243 152 msgpack/databind 57 848 1122 1970 236 150 thrift 78 1390 707 2097 352 201 cbor/jackson/databind 56 929 1408 2337 398 251 avro-specific 86 1734 1072 2806 224 136 avro-fastserde-generic 339 1916 919 2835 224 136 avro-generic 339 1952 912 2864 224 136 avro-fastserde-specific 77 1829 1256 3085 224 136 hessian 59 3592 3260 6851 503 319
- text format based. Usually can be read by anybody. Frequently inline schema inside data.
- Mixed regarding required preparation, object graph awareness (references).
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl json-array/dsl-json/databind 55 537 575 1112 296 187 json-array/fastjson2/databind 57 601 731 1332 279 168 json/dsl-json/databind 56 592 956 1548 488 271 json/fastjson2/databind 57 713 1014 1728 454 247 json/jackson/databind 57 1177 1679 2856 488 271 json/jackson-jr/databind 56 1326 1580 2906 471 263 json-array/fastjson/databind 58 1307 1916 3224 284 171 json/fastjson/databind 60 1795 2018 3813 489 271 json/javax-tree/glassfish 982 7367 11184 18551 488 273 json/flexjson/databind 57 10339 16953 27292 506 282 json/json-lib/databind 58 23418 63855 87273 488 273all flavours of manually optimized serializers. Handcoded and hardwired to exactly the benchmark's message structures.
- illustrates what's possible, at what level generic approaches can be optimized in case
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl kryo-manual 58 403 352 755 213 136 kryo-opt 56 589 526 1115 215 136 protostuff-manual 57 465 670 1135 242 153 datakernel 56 616 539 1155 228 137 wobly 36 796 582 1378 254 155 java-manual 57 836 594 1430 258 151 wobly-compact 36 846 603 1449 228 143 cbor/jackson/manual 59 838 1044 1883 389 245 msgpack/manual 56 882 1125 2007 236 150 jboss-marshalling-river-ct-manual 57 1173 1033 2206 292 171 json/jackson/manual 56 1114 1240 2354 471 262 avro-fastserde-generic-manual 337 1797 597 2393 224 136 avro-generic-manual 332 1805 631 2436 224 136 avro-specific-manual 86 1632 963 2595 224 136 avro-fastserde-specific-manual 77 1770 1235 3005 224 136 jboss-marshalling-river-manual 56 1474 3745 5219 484 245 json/json-smart/manual-tree 56 4168 3014 7182 498 274 json/gson/manual-tree 56 4184 4381 8565 488 268 json/javax-stream/glassfish 57 5573 10028 15601 471 262shows performance vs convenience of manually-selected libs.
- cycle free, schema known at compile time, manual optimization: kryo-manual, msgpack/manual
- cycle free, schema known at compile time: protostuff, fst-flat-pre, kryo-flat-pre. (note: protostuff uses class generation while the other two just require a list of classes to be written)
- cycle free, schema UNKNOWN at compile time: fst-flat, kryo-flat, protostuff-runtime, msgpack/databind
- full object graph awareness, schema UNKNOWN at compile time: fst, kryo.
Size, Compressed size [light] in bytes
create ser deser total size +dfl kryo-manual 58 403 352 755 213 136 fst-flat-pre 57 560 631 1191 254 168 protostuff 72 492 717 1209 242 153 protostuff-runtime 57 648 690 1338 244 154 msgpack/databind 57 848 1122 1970 236 150 fst-flat 60 887 1103 1990 317 207 msgpack/manual 56 882 1125 2007 236 150 fst 57 1481 1329 2810 319 208
create ser deser total size +dfl kryo-manual 58 403 352 755 213 136 jsonb-array/fastjson2/databind 57 416 420 836 227 145 json-array/dsl-json/databind 55 537 575 1112 296 187 kryo-opt 56 589 526 1115 215 136 protostuff-manual 57 465 670 1135 242 153 datakernel 56 616 539 1155 228 137 kryo-registered-flat 57 614 551 1165 218 140 protobuf/protostuff 72 478 712 1189 242 152 fst-flat-pre 57 560 631 1191 254 168 protostuff 72 492 717 1209 242 153 jsonb/fastjson2/databind 57 608 626 1233 366 235 protobuf 260 817 433 1250 242 152 json-array/fastjson2/databind 57 601 731 1332 279 168 protostuff-runtime 57 648 690 1338 244 154 protobuf/protostuff-runtime 56 679 670 1349 244 153 wobly 36 796 582 1378 254 155 protostuff-graph 73 682 725 1407 242 153 java-manual 57 836 594 1430 258 151 wobly-compact 36 846 603 1449 228 143 kryo-auto-flat 58 726 766 1492 273 184 json/dsl-json/databind 56 592 956 1548 488 271 protostuff-graph-runtime 56 854 751 1605 244 154 json/fastjson2/databind 57 713 1014 1728 454 247 cbor/jackson/manual 59 838 1044 1883 389 245 protobuf/jackson+afterburner/databind 57 867 1045 1911 242 151 kryo-registered 57 1079 870 1949 236 153 thrift-compact 79 1252 706 1958 243 152 msgpack/databind 57 848 1122 1970 236 150 fst-flat 60 887 1103 1990 317 207 msgpack/manual 56 882 1125 2007 236 150 thrift 78 1390 707 2097 352 201 protobuf/jackson/databind 56 928 1262 2190 242 151 jboss-marshalling-river-ct-manual 57 1173 1033 2206 292 171 cbor/jackson/databind 56 929 1408 2337 398 251 kryo-auto 56 1195 1152 2347 291 198 json/jackson/manual 56 1114 1240 2354 471 262 avro-fastserde-generic-manual 337 1797 597 2393 224 136 avro-generic-manual 332 1805 631 2436 224 136 avro-specific-manual 86 1632 963 2595 224 136 avro-specific 86 1734 1072 2806 224 136 fst 57 1481 1329 2810 319 208 avro-fastserde-generic 339 1916 919 2835 224 136 json/jackson/databind 57 1177 1679 2856 488 271 avro-generic 339 1952 912 2864 224 136 json/jackson-jr/databind 56 1326 1580 2906 471 263 avro-fastserde-specific-manual 77 1770 1235 3005 224 136 avro-fastserde-specific 77 1829 1256 3085 224 136 json-array/fastjson/databind 58 1307 1916 3224 284 171 jboss-marshalling-river-ct 57 2044 1615 3659 301 203 json/fastjson/databind 60 1795 2018 3813 489 271 jboss-marshalling-river-manual 56 1474 3745 5219 484 245 hessian 59 3592 3260 6851 503 319 json/json-smart/manual-tree 56 4168 3014 7182 498 274 json/gson/manual-tree 56 4184 4381 8565 488 268 jboss-marshalling-river 56 3129 5870 8999 608 395 jboss-serialization 58 5236 5583 10819 935 587 jboss-marshalling-serial 58 6550 7446 13996 859 503 json/javax-stream/glassfish 57 5573 10028 15601 471 262 json/javax-tree/glassfish 982 7367 11184 18551 488 273 java-built-in-serializer 56 4766 19709 24475 892 520 java-built-in 56 4605 20094 24700 892 520 stephenerialization 53 5434 19722 25156 1096 522 json/flexjson/databind 57 10339 16953 27292 506 282 json/json-lib/databind 58 23418 63855 87273 488 273
Effort Format Structure Misc kryo-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] complete manual optimization jsonb-array/fastjson2/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] json-array/dsl-json/databind CLASSES_KNOWN JSON FLAT_TREE [] JSON array format - all properties without names. kryo-opt MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] manual optimization protostuff-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] manual datakernel MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] manually optimized kryo-registered-flat CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FLAT_TREE [] class registration, no references (typical usage) protobuf/protostuff CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] protobuf + generated code fst-flat-pre CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FLAT_TREE [] fst in unshared mode with preregistered classes protostuff CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FLAT_TREE [] generated code jsonb/fastjson2/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] protobuf CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] json-array/fastjson2/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] protostuff-runtime ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] reflection protobuf/protostuff-runtime ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] protobuf + reflection wobly MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] protostuff-graph CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] graph + generated code java-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] wobly-compact MANUAL_OPT BINARY FLAT_TREE [] kryo-auto-flat ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] no class registration, no references json/dsl-json/databind CLASSES_KNOWN JSON FLAT_TREE [] Serializes all properties with exact names. protostuff-graph-runtime ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] graph + reflection json/fastjson2/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] cbor/jackson/manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] protobuf/jackson+afterburner/databind CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FLAT_TREE [] kryo-registered CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] class registration, references (typical usage) thrift-compact CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] msgpack/databind CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] uses positional (column) layout (instead of Maps std impl uses) to eliminate use of names fst-flat ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] fst default, but unshared mode msgpack/manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] uses positional (column) layout (instead of Maps std impl uses) to eliminate use of names thrift CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] protobuf/jackson/databind CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FLAT_TREE [] jboss-marshalling-river-ct-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] full graph preregistered classes, manual optimization cbor/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [] kryo-auto ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] no class registration, references json/jackson/manual MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] avro-fastserde-generic-manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [VERSIONING_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_MISMATCH_DETECTION] avro-generic-manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [VERSIONING_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_MISMATCH_DETECTION] avro-specific-manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [VERSIONING_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_MISMATCH_DETECTION] avro-specific CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [VERSIONING_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_MISMATCH_DETECTION] fst ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] default: JDK serialization drop-in-replacement mode avro-fastserde-generic CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [VERSIONING_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_MISMATCH_DETECTION] json/jackson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] avro-generic CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [VERSIONING_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_MISMATCH_DETECTION] json/jackson-jr/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] avro-fastserde-specific-manual MANUAL_OPT BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [VERSIONING_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_MISMATCH_DETECTION] avro-fastserde-specific CLASSES_KNOWN BIN_CROSSLANG FLAT_TREE [VERSIONING_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE, VERSIONING_MISMATCH_DETECTION] json-array/fastjson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] jboss-marshalling-river-ct CLASSES_KNOWN BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] full graph with preregistered classes json/fastjson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] jboss-marshalling-river-manual MANUAL_OPT BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] full graph with manual optimizations hessian ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BIN_CROSSLANG FULL_GRAPH [] json/json-smart/manual-tree MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] json/gson/manual-tree MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] jboss-marshalling-river ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] full graph zero knowledge jboss-serialization ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] jboss-marshalling-serial ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] json/javax-stream/glassfish MANUAL_OPT JSON FLAT_TREE [] json/javax-tree/glassfish ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE [] java-built-in-serializer ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] java-built-in ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FLAT_TREE [] stephenerialization ZERO_KNOWLEDGE BINARY FULL_GRAPH [] null json/flexjson/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FULL_GRAPH [] json/json-lib/databind ZERO_KNOWLEDGE JSON FLAT_TREE []