solana-anchor-program-instructions

How to build and deploy a Solana program using Anchor

Install the Solana Tool Suite

sh -c "$(curl -sSfL https://release.solana.com/v1.15.2/install)"

Confirm you have the desired version of solana installed by running:

solana --version

Installing Anchor

Installing using Anchor version manager (avm)

Install avm using Cargo. Note this will replace your anchor binary if you had one installed.

cargo install --git https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor avm --locked --force

On Linux systems you may need to install additional dependencies if cargo install fails. E.g. on Ubuntu

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade && sudo apt-get install -y pkg-config build-essential libudev-dev libssl-dev

Install the latest version of the CLI using avm, and then set it to be the version to use.

avm install latest
avm use latest

Verify the installation.

anchor --version

Starting a Project with Anchor Framework

Use Anchor’s CLI to start a new project.

anchor init <new-project-name>

Working on the Solana Program

Notice there is a lib.rs file that lives in the programs//src folder. In there, it lives the Solana program, or smart contract. Notice the file extension finishes in rs which means it is a Rust file.

Build the program

After you added all the program logic in the lib.rs file, go ahead and build the program using the following command.

anchor build

Deploying the program

For this tutorial, we will deploy the Solana program to devnet. To do so, we must do the following.

• Configure devnet cluster

  solana config set --url devnet

• Make sure you are on the devnet cluster

  solana config get

• Build the program

  anchor build

• Generate a new program id

  By default, Anchor generated a program id for local development. We need to generate a program id before we deploy to devnet.

  solana address -k target/deploy/<project-name>-keypair.json

  Copy the program id and save it. We will use it in the next step.

• Update program id in Anchor.toml and lib.rs

  Now that you have the program id, open the Anchor.toml file and do the following:

  • Create [programs.devnet] section and set <project-name> = program id.
  • Update the cluster to cluster = "devnet".

  Open the lib.rs file and update the program id used in the declar_id! function.

  declare_id!(<MY_NEW_PROGRAM_ID>);

• Build the program one more time

  anchor build

• Deploy to devnet

  Finally, we are ready to deploy.

  anchor deploy

• Closing program and buffer accounts, and reclaiming their lamports

  If program deployment fails, there will be a hanging intermediate buffer account that contains a non-zero balance. In order to recoup that balance you may resume a failed deployment by providing the same intermediate buffer to a new call to deploy

  ==================================================================================
  Recover the intermediate account's ephemeral keypair file with
  `solana-keygen recover` and the following 12-word seed phrase:
  ==================================================================================
  valley flat great hockey share token excess clever benefit traffic avocado athlete
  ==================================================================================
  To resume a deploy, pass the recovered keypair as
  the [BUFFER_SIGNER] to `solana program deploy` or `solana program write-buffer'.
  Or to recover the account's lamports, pass it as the
  [BUFFER_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS] argument to `solana program drain`.
  ==================================================================================

  To recover the keypair:

  solana-keygen recover -o <KEYPAIR_PATH>

  When asked, enter the 12-word seed phrase.

  solana program show --programs
  solana program show --buffers

  solana program close <BADDRESS>

• Upgrade program

  By default, the anchor deploy command will deploy a new Program ID. If you want to upgrade your existing program, use this command

  anchor upgrade target/deploy/<PROGRAM_NAME>.so --program-id <PROGRAM_ID>

  • PROGRAM_NAME is the file or name of your generated .so file
  • PROGRAM_ID is the existing program id you'd like to upgrade to

• Remove the Update Authority of a Solana Program

  Our Program is currently mutable. To change it to be immutable indefinitely, you can remove the update authority using the following command:

  solana program set-upgrade-authority <PROGRAM_ID> --final

Create a python client for the program

• Install AnchorPy

  pip install anchorpy[cli]

• Generate static client

  anchorpy client-gen path/to/idl.json ./app/<client-name>

Resources

• https://docs.solana.com/cli/install-solana-cli-tools
• https://www.anchor-lang.com/docs/installation
• https://book.anchor-lang.com/getting_started/installation.html
• https://kevinheavey.github.io/anchorpy/
• https://www.becomebetterprogrammer.com/create-solana-smart-contract/
• https://www.quicknode.com/guides/solana-development/anchor/how-to-make-immutible-solana-programs/
• https://www.quicknode.com/guides/solana-development/anchor/how-to-write-your-first-anchor-program-in-solana-part-1