Bump azure-storage-blob from 12.17.0 to 12.24.0

Bumps [azure-storage-blob](https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python) from 12.17.0 to 12.24.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/blob/main/doc/esrp_release.md)
- [Commits](Azure/azure-sdk-for-python@azure-storage-blob_12.17.0...azure-storage-blob_12.24.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: azure-storage-blob
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <[email protected]>

requirements-dev.txt

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ moto[s3,server]==5.0.21; python_version >= '3.8'
 
 # Azure
 adlfs==2024.7.0; python_version >= '3.8'
-azure-storage-blob==12.17.0
+azure-storage-blob==12.24.0
 
 # GCS
 gcsfs==2023.12.0; python_version >= '3.8'