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154 changes: 154 additions & 0 deletions CONTRIBUTING.md
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<!--
~ Copyright DB Netz AG and contributors
~ SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-->

# Contributing

Thanks for your interest in our project. Contributions are always welcome!

We are committed to fostering a welcoming, respectful, and harassment-free
environment. Be kind!

If you have questions, ideas or want to report a bug, feel free to [open an
issue]. Or go ahead and [open a pull request] to contribute code. In order to
reduce the burden on our maintainers, please make sure that your code follows
our style guidelines outlined below.

<!-- prettier-ignore -->
[open an issue]: https://github.com/DSD-DBS/capella-git-hooks/issues
[open a pull request]: https://github.com/DSD-DBS/capella-git-hooks/pulls

## Developing

We recommend that you
[develop inside of a virtual environment](README.md#installation). After you
have set it up, simply run the unit tests to verify that everything is set up
correctly:

```sh
pytest
```

We additionally recommend that you set up your editor / IDE as follows.

- Indent with 4 spaces per level of indentation

- Maximum line length of 79 (add a ruler / thin line / highlighting / ...)

- _If you use Visual Studio Code_: Consider using a platform which supports
third-party language servers more easily, and continue with the next point.

Otherwise, set up the editor to run `black`, `pylint` and `mypy` when saving.
To enable automatic import sorting with `isort`, add the following to your
`settings.json`:

```json
"[python]": {
"editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
"source.organizeImports": true
}
}
```

Note that the Pylance language server is not recommended, as it occasionally
causes false-positive errors for perfectly valid code.

- _If you do not use VSC_: Set up your editor to use the [python-lsp-server],
and make sure that the relevant plugins are installed. You can install
everything that's needed into the virtualenv with pip:

[python-lsp-server]: https://github.com/python-lsp/python-lsp-server

```sh
pip install "python-lsp-server[pylint]" python-lsp-black pyls-isort pylsp-mypy
```

This will provide as-you-type linting as well as automatic formatting on
save. Language server clients are available for a wide range of editors, from
Vim/Emacs to PyCharm/IDEA.

## Code style

We base our code style on a modified version of the
[Google style guide for Python code](https://google.github.io/styleguide/pyguide.html).
The key differences are:

- **Docstrings**: The [Numpy style guide] applies here.

[numpy style guide]:
https://numpydoc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/format.html#docstring-standard

When writing docstrings for functions, use the imperative style, as per
[PEP-257]). For example, write "Do X and Y" instead of "Does X and Y".

[pep-257]: https://peps.python.org/pep-0257/

- **Overridden methods**: If the documentation did not change from the base
class (i.e. the base class' method's docstring still applies without
modification), do not add a short docstring á la "See base class". This lets
automated tools pick up the full base class docstring instead, and is
therefore more useful in IDEs etc.

- **Linting**: Use [pylint] for static code analysis, and [mypy] for static
type checking.

[pylint]: https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint
[mypy]: https://github.com/python/mypy

- **Formatting**: Use [black] as code auto-formatter. The maximum line length
is 79, as per [PEP-8]. This setting should be automatically picked up from
the `pyproject.toml` file. The reason for the shorter line length is that it
avoids wrapping and overflows in side-by-side split views (e.g. diffs) if
there's also information displayed to the side of it (e.g. a tree view of the
modified files).

[black]: https://github.com/psf/black
[pep-8]: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/

Be aware of the different line length of 72 for docstrings. We currently do
not have a satisfactory solution to automatically apply or enforce this.

Note that, while you're encouraged to do so in general, it is not a hard
requirement to break up long strings into smaller parts. Additionally, never
break up strings that are presented to the user in e.g. log messages, as that
makes it significantly harder to grep for them.

Use [isort] for automatic sorting of imports. Its settings should
automatically be picked up from the `pyproject.toml` file as well.

[isort]: https://github.com/PyCQA/isort

- **Typing**: We do not make an exception for `typing` imports. Instead of
writing `from typing import SomeName`, use `import typing as t` and access
typing related classes like `t.TypedDict`.

<!-- prettier-ignore -->

Use the new syntax and classes for typing introduced with Python 3.10.

- Instead of `t.Tuple`, `t.List` etc. use the builtin classes `tuple`, `list`
etc.
- For classes that are not builtin (e.g. `Iterable`),
`import collections.abc as cabc` and then use them like `cabc.Iterable`.
- Use [PEP-604-style unions], e.g. `int | float` instead of
`t.Union[int, float]`.
- Use `... | None` (with `None` always as the last union member) instead of
`t.Optional[...]` and always explicitly annotate where `None` is possible.

[pep-604-style unions]: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0604/

- **Python style rules**: For conflicting parts, the [Black code style] wins.
If you have set up black correctly, you don't need to worry about this though
:)

[black code style]:
https://black.readthedocs.io/en/stable/the_black_code_style/current_style.html

- When working with `dict`s, consider using `t.TypedDict` instead of a more
generic `dict[str, float|int|str]`-like annotation where possible, as the
latter is much less precise (often requiring additional `assert`s or
`isinstance` checks to pass) and can grow unwieldy very quickly.

- Prefer `t.NamedTuple` over `collections.namedtuple`, because the former uses
a more convenient `class ...:` syntax and also supports type annotations.
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions LICENSES/.license_header.txt
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Copyright DB Netz AG and contributors
SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
202 changes: 202 additions & 0 deletions LICENSES/Apache-2.0.txt
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