README.md

ZySharp Metaprogramming

A modern C# metaprogramming library.

Enhanced Lambda Type Inference

The C# language currently is not completely able to automatically infer the return type of anonymous methods when using a var declaration or when returning curried functions. The helper methods in the ZySharp.Metaprogramming.Lambda class can be used to work around this limitation.

// Expression<Func<>>
var e = Lambda.Expr((int x) => x == 42);
var e = Lambda.Expr((int x) => new { Value = x });
var e = Lambda.Expr((int x) => Lambda.Func((int y) => x + y));

// Func<>
var d = Lambda.Func((int x) => x == 42)
var d = Lambda.Func((int x) => new { Value = x });
var d = Lambda.Func((int x) => Lambda.Func((int y) => x + y));

Expression Concatenation and Invocation

When creating dynamic LINQ expressions, it is often useful to use foreign lambda expressions inside an outer expression. While this is somewhat possible (.Compile().Invoke(...)), most third-party libraries (e.g. LINQ to Entities) are not able to understand the resulting expression tree. The ZySharp.Metaprogramming.Expr class provides a set of simple functions to solve this problem.

Expression Concatenation

// Expression<Func<>>
var inner = Lambda.Expr((int x) => x == 42);
var outer = Lambda.Expr((IQueryable<int> x) => x.Where(inner));
                                               //  :. Expression<Func<int, bool>>
var result = outer.Expand(); // x => x.Where(x => x == 42)

// Func<>
var inner = Lambda.Expr((int x) => x == 42);
var outer = Lambda.Expr((IEnumerable<int> x) => x.Where(inner.Compile()));
                                                //  :. Func<int, bool>
var result = outer.Expand(); // x => x.Where(x => x == 42)

Expression Invocation

var lower = Lambda.Expr((int x) => x >= 10);
var upper = Lambda.Expr((int x) => x <= 42);
var outer = Lambda.Expr((IQueryable<int> x) => x.Where(x => lower.Invoke(x) && upper.Invoke(x)));
var result = outer.Expand(); // x => x.Where(x => x >= 10 && x <= 42)

Dynamic Expression Invocation

In the following example, GetPredicateExpressionWithParam() is evaluated at runtime (when .Expand() is called). The resulting expression is then integrated into the outer expression tree. During this process, all captured variables (num42) are also evaluated.

private static Expression<Func<int, bool>> GetPredicateExpressionWithParam(int number)
{
    return x => x == number;
}

var num42 = 42;
var outer = Lambda.Expr((IQueryable<int> x) => x.Where(x => GetPredicateExpressionWithParam(num42).Invoke(x)));
var result = outer.Expand(); // x => x.Where(x => x == 42)

Expression Tree Comparison

By default, expression trees can only be compared by reference. To be able to e.g. store semantically equivalent expression trees in a dictionary, the ZySharp.Metaprogramming.ExprEqualityComparer implements the IEqualityComparer<T> interface for the Expression class.

var x = Lambda.Expr((int a, int b) => a + b);
var y = Lambda.Expr((int c, int d) => c + d);
ExprEqualityComparer.Default.Equals(x, y); // true

var z = Lambda.Expr((int a, int b) => a + a);
ExprEqualityComparer.Default.Equals(x, z); // false

All built-in Expression types except DynamicExpression are supported.

Versioning

Versions follow the semantic versioning scheme.

License

ZySharp.Metaprogramming is licensed under the MIT license.