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fetch.py
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fetch.py
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# coding: utf8
import re
import os
import requests
from urlparse import urlparse
from lxml import html, cssselect
'''
# 实现步骤
1. 从左侧菜单栏获取需要抓取的页面，以及各标题
2. 抓取页面
1. 将H标签降低n级(取决于目录中的最深层级和页面中的初始层级)
2. 下载所有提及的图片
3. 将各标题以及获取到的页面内容组合起来
4. 保存为一个html
'''
CS_TOC = 'ul.uk-nav.uk-nav-side'
CS_CONTENT = 'div.x-wiki-content'
PAGE_IDENT_BASE = 3
def run(result_dir, index_url):
url_base = '%s://%s' % (urlparse(index_url)[:2])
s = requests.session()
s.headers.update(
{'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; '
'+http://www.google.com/bot.html)'})
def parse(url):
print 'Fetching %s' % url
r = s.get(url)
return html.fromstring(r.content)
# return html.parse(url, html.HTMLParser())
def select(tree, cs):
s = cssselect.CSSSelector(cs)
return s(tree)
def download(path):
path_splited = path.split('/')
save_dir_layers = [result_dir] + path_splited[:-1]
save_dir = ''
for layer in save_dir_layers:
save_dir = os.path.join(save_dir, layer)
if not os.path.exists(save_dir):
os.mkdir(save_dir)
url = url_base + '/' + path
print 'Downloading %s' % url
r = s.get(url, stream=True)
r.raise_for_status()
save_path = os.path.join(save_dir, path_splited[-1])
img_type = None
has_ext = re.search(r'(?<=\.)\w{2,5}$', path)
if not has_ext:
img_type = r.headers['content-type'].split('/')[-1]
save_path = '%s.%s' % (save_path, img_type)
with open(save_path, 'wb') as f:
f.write(r.raw.read())
return img_type
def get_content(tree):
content = select(tree, CS_CONTENT)[0]
for img in content.iter('img'):
src = img.get('src')
src = re.sub(r'(^/|/\w?$)', '', src)
img_type = download(src)
if img_type:
src = '%s.%s' % (src, img_type)
img.set('src', src)
return content
def ph(tree):
print html.tostring(tree)
toc = select(parse(index_url), CS_TOC)[1]
pages = list()
max_page_ident = 0
# 获取内容
for i in toc.iterfind('./li[@style]'):
title = i.findtext('a')
ident = int(re.search(r'(?<=:)\d+(?=em)', i.get('style')).group(0))
if ident > max_page_ident:
max_page_ident = ident
path = i.find('a').get('href')
tree = parse(url_base + path)
content = get_content(tree)
pages.append(dict(
title=title,
ident=ident,
path=path,
content=content))
# break
print 'max_idnet: %d' % max_page_ident
page_ident_offset = max_page_ident - PAGE_IDENT_BASE + 1
print 'page_ident_offset: %d' % page_ident_offset
# 调整页面内容
for p in pages:
for el in p['content']:
if isinstance(el.tag, str):
m = re.match(r'h(\d+)', el.tag)
if m:
el.tag = 'h%d' % (int(m.group(1)) + page_ident_offset)
# for img in p['content'].iter('img'):
# img.set('src', img.get('src')[1:])
# 组合内容
# 添加字符编码声明
result = '<head><meta charset="utf-8"/></head>\n'
for p in pages:
page_heading = html.Element('h%d' % p['ident'])
page_heading.text = p['title']
result += html.tostring(page_heading, encoding='utf8') + '\n'
result += '\n'.join([html.tostring(i, encoding='utf8').strip()
for i in p['content']]) + '\n'
# result = re.sub(r'(^|<code>)#', r'\1\\#', result, 0, re.M)
with open(os.path.join(result_dir, 'result.html'), 'w') as f:
f.write(result)
# ---------------------------- CONFIG START ------------------------------
js = ('js',
'http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/'
'wiki/001434446689867b27157e896e74d51a89c25cc8b43bdb3000')
py2 = ('py2',
'http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/'
'wiki/001374738125095c955c1e6d8bb493182103fac9270762a000')
py3 = ('py3',
'http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/'
'wiki/0014316089557264a6b348958f449949df42a6d3a2e542c000')
git = ('git',
'http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/'
'wiki/0013739516305929606dd18361248578c67b8067c8c017b000')
# ----------------------------- CONFIG END -------------------------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
for result_dir, index_url in js, py2, py3, git:
run(result_dir, index_url)