From ac0f2ea945de5156944636a72164a67367cf4e25 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: yanzhongsino
Date: Fri, 21 Jun 2024 11:02:39 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] Site updated: 2024-06-21 11:02:27
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# genome
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# genome
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+ 658k
|
diff --git a/2022/06/05/omics_genome.survey_05.GenomeScope/index.html b/2022/06/05/omics_genome.survey_05.GenomeScope/index.html
index b4db47d46b..097a4ae562 100644
--- a/2022/06/05/omics_genome.survey_05.GenomeScope/index.html
+++ b/2022/06/05/omics_genome.survey_05.GenomeScope/index.html
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@
+
-
@@ -474,9 +474,9 @@
# genome
# k-mer
+ # KMC
# GenomeScope
# Smudgeplot
- # KMC
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@
- 657k
+ 658k
|
diff --git a/2022/06/07/omics_genome.survey_06.GCE/index.html b/2022/06/07/omics_genome.survey_06.GCE/index.html
index 4209dc08d8..29d8a8f4da 100644
--- a/2022/06/07/omics_genome.survey_06.GCE/index.html
+++ b/2022/06/07/omics_genome.survey_06.GCE/index.html
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
- 657k
+ 658k
|
diff --git a/2022/06/16/bioinfo_fileformat_gb2tbl/index.html b/2022/06/16/bioinfo_fileformat_gb2tbl/index.html
index cb32d77758..56e4b4b485 100644
--- a/2022/06/16/bioinfo_fileformat_gb2tbl/index.html
+++ b/2022/06/16/bioinfo_fileformat_gb2tbl/index.html
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
-
+
@@ -471,8 +471,8 @@
1.1. 校正测序错误
- 尽管Hifi reads使用CCS测序模式已经进行了一轮校正,准确性已经比CLR测序模式高很多,但仍然会有部分测序(<1%)错误。
- Hifiasm进行所有序列的相互比对(all-versus-all)来校正可能的测序错误。
-- 在比对中基于reads间的overlap关系来校正错误。如果在比对的同一个位置出现两种碱基类型(不考虑gaps),且每个碱基类型至少有3条reads支持,那么这个位置会被当作杂合位点(SNP)被保留。在这一步,Hifiasm可以对杂合SNP进行定相(phasing)。
+- 在比对中基于reads间的overlap关系来校正错误。如果在比对的同一个位置出现两种碱基类型(不考虑gaps),且每个碱基类型至少有3条reads支持,那么这个位置会被当作杂合位点(SNP)被保留。在这一步,Hifiasm可以对杂合SNP进行定相/分型(phasing)。
- 如果达不到上述条件的两碱基比对,两种碱基中较少的一种被视作测序错误,将被校正(默认三轮校正)。值得注意的是,Hifiasm只使用相同单倍型的数据进行纠错,从而避免过度校正,保留来自不同单倍型的杂合变异信息。
1.2. 构建分型字符串图(phased string graph)
@@ -351,7 +357,7 @@
-Figure 2. TrioCanu软件的trio-binning策略 图片来源:https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.4277
+Figure 2. TrioCanu软件的trio-binning策略
图片来源:https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.4277
2.2. Hifiasm的trio-binning模式
- 与TrioCanu软件的trio-binning策略不同,Hifiasm使用了graph-binning的策略对此进行了改进。
@@ -377,11 +383,11 @@
-Figure 3. 错误的reads分型在Hifiasm的trio-binning模式中会被修正 图片来源:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-020-01056-5
+Figure 3. 错误的reads分型在Hifiasm的trio-binning模式中会被修正
图片来源:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-020-01056-5
3. 新算法Hifiasm(Hi-C):Hi-C Integrated assembly 模式
李恒团队2022年在Nature biotechnology上发表论文Haplotype-resolved assembly of diploid genomes without parental data(https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01261-x),在Hifiasm中引入了新算法Hifiasm(Hi-C),可以使用Hi-C Integrated assembly 模式进行单倍体分型组装。
3.1. Hi-C Integrated assembly模式
- Hi-C Integrated assembly模式针对PacBio HiFi (High-Fidelity) 长读长测序技术和Hi-C (High-Throughput Chromatin Confirmation Capture) 测序技术进行了全新的设计。
-- 在无亲本数据的情况下,利用30倍覆盖度的HiFi数据和30倍覆盖度的Hi-C数据也可以获得二倍体生物的单倍型解决的组装结果。
+- 在无亲本数据的情况下,利用至少30倍覆盖度的HiFi数据和至少30倍覆盖度的Hi-C数据也可以获得二倍体生物的单倍型解决的组装结果。
- 它建立在分型 hifiasm 组装图 (assembly graphs)的基础上,但在序列分类(sequence partition)方面与已发表的 hifiasm (trio) 算法不同。
- 在 hifiasm graph中,每个节点(node)都是由相位正确的 HiFi reads组装而成的unitig,每条边(edge)代表两个unitigs之间的重叠。
- Hifiasm(trio)算法在亲本 k-mers 的unitigs中标记reads,但 Hifiasm(Hi-C)用 Hi-C reads对相对较短的unitigs进行分类。
@@ -395,7 +401,7 @@
-Figure 4. Hifiasm(Hi-C)算法 图片来源:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01261-x
+Figure 4. Hifiasm(Hi-C)算法
图片来源:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01261-x
3.3. Hifiasm(Hi-C)算法与其他工具相比的优势
与现有基于Hi-C组装单倍体基因组的方法不同,Hifiasm(Hi-C)算法直接在 HiFi 组装图上运行,并将 Hi-C read mapping、分型(phasing)和组装紧密集成到一个单一的可执行程序中,而不依赖外部工具。它更易于使用,运行速度更快。
4. references
- Hifiasm paper:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-020-01056-5
@@ -605,7 +611,7 @@
-1 2 3
| yak count -b37 -t16 -o pat.yak <(cat paternal_1.fq.gz paternal_2.fq.gz) <(cat paternal_1.fq.gz paternal_2.fq.gz) yak count -b37 -t16 -o mat.yak <(cat maternal_1.fq.gz maternal_2.fq.gz) <(cat maternal_1.fq.gz maternal_2.fq.gz) hifiasm -o sample_prefix -t 32 -1 pat.yak -2 mat.yak Hifi.fq.gz 2>&1 > hifiasm.log &
|
+1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
| # trio-binning模式需要额外安装yak,两种安装方式任选一种 # source code git clone https://github.com/lh3/yak cd yak && make # bioncda conda install -c bioconda yak
# 运行组装 yak count -b37 -t16 -o pat.yak <(cat paternal_1.fq.gz paternal_2.fq.gz) <(cat paternal_1.fq.gz paternal_2.fq.gz) yak count -b37 -t16 -o mat.yak <(cat maternal_1.fq.gz maternal_2.fq.gz) <(cat maternal_1.fq.gz maternal_2.fq.gz) hifiasm -o sample_prefix -t 32 -1 pat.yak -2 mat.yak Hifi.fq.gz 2>&1 > hifiasm.log &
|
-- 参数
+- 参数解释
-- 多个父本paternal数据和多个母本maternal数据同时使用
+- 命令中Illumina双端测序的父本paternal数据和母本maternal数据同时使用
4. Hi-C Integrated assembly 模式(HiFi数据+Hi-C数据)
- 介绍
- 当Hi-C数据可用时,可以生成一对解析的单倍型的组装。
-- 李恒团队2022年在Nature biotechnology上发表论文Haplotype-resolved assembly of diploid genomes without parental data(https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01261-x),在Hifiasm中引入了Hi-C Integrated assembly 模式。Hi-C Integrated assembly模式针对PacBio HiFi (High-Fidelity) 长读长测序技术和Hi-C (High-Throughput Chromatin Confirmation Capture) 测序技术进行了全新的设计。
+- 李恒团队2022年在Nature biotechnology上发表论文Haplotype-resolved assembly of diploid genomes without parental data(https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01261-x),在Hifiasm中引入了Hi-C Integrated assembly 模式。
+- Hi-C Integrated assembly模式针对PacBio HiFi (High-Fidelity) 长读长测序技术和Hi-C (High-Throughput Chromatin Confirmation Capture) 测序技术进行了全新的设计。
- 该算法结合了HiFi数据中精确的局部单倍型信息和Hi-C数据中的长距离互作用信息以达到全局定相 (phasing),从而获得不依赖亲本信息的染色体级别的单倍型组装结果。为了进一步提高组装质量,作者充分利用了组装图中的结构信息,以及其前期研究中的Graph-binning等策略。
- 这个模式组装后的基因组还未挂载在染色体上,仍然需要Juicer+3ddna+juicebox等软件进行染色体挂载。
- 这个模式的数据最易获得,所以也很常用。
@@ -388,7 +383,7 @@
- 参数
@@ -615,7 +610,7 @@
-
+
Col |
Type |
Description |
-
+
1 |
string |
- Should be always A |
+ Should be always A |
-
+
2 |
string |
Contig/unitig name |
-
+
3 |
int |
Contig/unitig start coordinate of subregion constructed by read |
-
+
4 |
char |
Read strand: “+” or “-” |
-
+
5 |
string |
Read name |
-
+
6 |
int |
Read start coordinate of subregion which is used to construct contig/unitig |
-
+
7 |
int |
Read end coordinate of subregion which is used to construct contig/unitig |
-
+
8 |
id:i:int |
Read ID |
-
+
9 |
HG:A:char |
- Haplotype status of read. HG:A:a , HG:A:p , HG:A:m indicate read is non-binnable, father/hap1-specific and mother/hap2-specific, respectively. |
+ Haplotype status of read. HG:A:a , HG:A:p , HG:A:m indicate read is non-binnable, father/hap1-specific and mother/hap2-specific, respectively. |
@@ -482,11 +482,15 @@
- 查看hifiasm.log文件,如果k-mer plot只有一个峰代表是纯合子样本,则加-l0参数关闭purge duplication步骤,再跑一遍。
-nohup hifiasm -o sample_prefix -t 48 -l0 --h1 sample_HiC_1.fq.gz --h2 sample_HiC_2.fq.gz Hifi.fastq.gz 2>&1 > hifiasm.log &
+
+nohup hifiasm -o sample_prefix -t 48 -l0 --h1 sample_HiC_1.fq.gz --h2 sample_HiC_2.fq.gz Hifi.fastq.gz 2>&1 > hifiasm.log &
+
- 查看hifiasm.log文件,如果k-mer plot有两个峰代表是杂合子样本。
@@ -494,8 +498,8 @@
- 检查组装结果是否异常,调整参数
@@ -748,7 +752,7 @@