capture_framework.c

/*
    This file is part of Kismet

    Kismet is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    Kismet is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with Kismet; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
*/

#include "config.h"

#ifdef SYS_LINUX
#define _GNU_SOURCE 1
#endif

#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

#ifdef HAVE_CAPABILITY
#include <sys/capability.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#endif

#ifdef SYS_LINUX
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#endif

#include "capture_framework.h"
#include "kis_external_packet.h"

#include "protobuf_c/kismet.pb-c.h"
#include "protobuf_c/datasource.pb-c.h"

uint32_t adler32_partial_csum(uint8_t *in_buf, size_t in_len,
        uint32_t *s1, uint32_t *s2) {
	size_t i;
	uint8_t *buf = in_buf;
	int CHAR_OFFSET = 0;

    if (in_len < 4)
        return 0;

    for (i = 0; i < (in_len - 4); i += 4) {
        *s2 += 4 * (*s1 + buf[i]) + 3 * buf[i + 1] + 2 * buf[i+2] + buf[i + 3] + 
            10 * CHAR_OFFSET;
        *s1 += (buf[i + 0] + buf[i + 1] + buf[i + 2] + buf[i + 3] + 4 * CHAR_OFFSET); 
	}

    for (; i < in_len; i++) {
        *s1 += (buf[i] + CHAR_OFFSET); 
        *s2 += *s1;
	}

	return (*s1 & 0xffff) + (*s2 << 16);
}

uint32_t adler32_csum(uint8_t *in_buf, size_t in_len) {
    uint32_t s1, s2;

    s1 = 0;
    s2 = 0;

    return adler32_partial_csum(in_buf, in_len, &s1, &s2);
}

int cf_parse_interface(char **ret_interface, char *definition) {
    char *colonpos;

    colonpos = strstr(definition, ":");

    *ret_interface = definition;

    /* If there is no : separator, the entire line is the interface and there
     * are no flags. */
    if (colonpos == NULL) {
        return strlen(definition);
    }

    /* Otherwise return until the separator */
    return (colonpos - definition);
}

int cf_find_flag(char **ret_value, const char *flag, char *definition) {
    char *colonpos, *flagpos, *comma, *equals, *quote, *equote;

    colonpos = strstr(definition, ":");

    /* If there is no : separator, the entire line is the interface, return NULL
     * and 0 */
    if (colonpos == NULL) {
        *ret_value = NULL;
        return 0;
    }

    flagpos = colonpos + 1;

    while ((size_t) (flagpos - definition) < strlen(definition)) {
        equals = strstr(flagpos, "=");

        /* If we have a flag with no =value that's an error */
        if (equals == NULL) {
            *ret_value = NULL;
            return -1;
        }

        /* Compare the flag */
        if (strncasecmp(flag, flagpos, (equals - flagpos)) == 0) {
            /* Find the next comma */
            comma = strstr(equals, ",");
            /* Find the next quote */
            quote = strstr(equals, "\"");

            /* If it's null we're the last flag, so use the total length after
             * the equals as the value */
            if (comma == NULL && quote == NULL) {
                *ret_value = equals + 1;
                return strlen(equals) - 1;
            }

            /* If we've got a quote inside the string, before the terminating comma,
             * find the next quote and return that as the length */
            if (quote != NULL) {
                if ((comma != NULL && quote < comma) || comma == NULL) {
                    equote = strstr(quote + 1, "\"");
                    *ret_value = quote + 1;
                    return (equote - (quote + 1));
                } else {
                }
            }

            /* Otherwise return until the next comma */
            *ret_value = equals + 1;
            return (comma - (equals + 1));
        }

        /* Otherwise find the next comma */
        comma = strstr(flagpos, ",");
        /* Find the next quote */
        quote = strstr(equals, "\"");

        /* No comma, no more flags, nothing to find */
        if (comma == NULL && quote == NULL) {
            *ret_value = NULL;
            return 0;
        }

        /* If we have a quote */
        if (quote != NULL) {
            /* And it contains the current flag */
            if ((comma != NULL && quote < comma) || comma == NULL) {
                /* Jump to the end of the quote */
                equote = strstr(quote + 1, "\"");

                /* Find a trailing comma */
                comma = strstr(equote, ",");

                /* bail if this was the last */
                if (comma == NULL) {
                    *ret_value = NULL;
                    return 0;
                }
            }
        }

        /* Jump past the flagpos */
        flagpos = comma + 1;
    }

    *ret_value = NULL;
    return 0;
}


int cf_split_list(char *in_str, size_t in_sz, char in_split, char ***ret_splitlist, 
        size_t *ret_splitlist_sz) {

    char *start = in_str;
    char *end = in_str;
    size_t num_fields = 0;

    *ret_splitlist = NULL;
    *ret_splitlist_sz = 0;

    /* Count all the fields */
    while ((size_t) (end - in_str) <= in_sz) {
        if (*start == in_split)
            start++;

        if (*end == in_split || *end == 0 || end == in_str + in_sz) {
            if (end != start) {
                num_fields++;
            }

            start = end + 1;
            end = start;
        }

        end++;
    }

    if (num_fields == 1) {
        *ret_splitlist = (char **) malloc(sizeof(char *));

        if (*ret_splitlist == NULL)
            return -1;

        (*ret_splitlist)[0] = strndup(in_str, in_sz);
        *ret_splitlist_sz = 1;
        return 0;
    }

    *ret_splitlist = (char **) malloc(sizeof(char *) * num_fields);

    start = in_str;
    end = in_str;

    *ret_splitlist_sz = num_fields;

    num_fields = 0;
    while ((size_t) (end - in_str) <= in_sz && num_fields <= *ret_splitlist_sz) {
        if (*start == in_split)
            start++;

        if (*end == in_split || *end == 0 || end == in_str + in_sz) {
            if (end != start) {
                (*ret_splitlist)[num_fields++] = strndup(start, end - start);
            }

            start = end + 1;
            end = start;
        }

        end++;
    }

    return 0;
}

size_t cf_append_unique_chans(char **in_list1, size_t in_list1_sz,
        char **in_list2, size_t in_list2_sz, char ***ret_list) {
    size_t max_sz = in_list1_sz + in_list2_sz;
    size_t i, n, offt;
    int skip = 0;

    if (max_sz == 0) {
        *ret_list = NULL;
        return 0;
    }

    /* Make a max-size list; we only lose a few char* sizes so we don't care */
    *ret_list = (char **) malloc(sizeof(char *) * max_sz);

    if (*ret_list == NULL)
        return 0;

    /* dupe all of the first list */
    for (i = 0; i < in_list1_sz; i++) {
        (*ret_list)[i] = strdup(in_list1[i]);
    }

    offt = in_list1_sz;

    /* Dupe uniques of the second list */
    for (i = 0; i < in_list2_sz; i++) {
        skip = 0;
        for (n = 0; n < in_list1_sz; n++) {
            if (strcasecmp(in_list1[n], in_list2[i]) == 0) {
                skip = 1;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (skip)
            continue;

        (*ret_list)[offt++] = strdup(in_list2[i]);
    }

    return offt;
}

kis_capture_handler_t *cf_handler_init(const char *in_type) {
    kis_capture_handler_t *ch;
    pthread_mutexattr_t mutexattr;

    ch = (kis_capture_handler_t *) malloc(sizeof(kis_capture_handler_t));

    if (ch == NULL)
        return NULL;

    ch->last_ping = time(0);
    ch->seqno = 1;

    ch->capsource_type = strdup(in_type);

    ch->remote_capable = 1;

    ch->remote_host = NULL;
    ch->remote_port = 0;

    ch->cli_sourcedef = NULL;

    ch->in_fd = -1;
    ch->out_fd = -1;
    ch->tcp_fd = -1;

    /* Disable retry by default */
    ch->remote_retry = 0;

    /* Disable daemon mode by default */
    ch->daemonize = 0;

    /* Zero the GPS */
    ch->gps_fixed_lat = 0;
    ch->gps_fixed_lon = 0;
    ch->gps_fixed_alt = 0;
    ch->gps_name = NULL;

    /* Allocate a smaller incoming ringbuffer since most of our traffic is
     * on the outgoing channel */
    ch->in_ringbuf = kis_simple_ringbuf_create(1024 * 16);

    if (ch->in_ringbuf == NULL) {
        free(ch);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Allocate a much more generous outbound buffer since this is where 
     * packets get queued */
    ch->out_ringbuf = kis_simple_ringbuf_create(1024 * 256);

    if (ch->out_ringbuf == NULL) {
        kis_simple_ringbuf_free(ch->in_ringbuf);
        free(ch);
        return NULL;
    }

    pthread_mutexattr_init(&mutexattr);
    pthread_mutexattr_settype(&mutexattr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE);
    pthread_mutex_init(&(ch->out_ringbuf_lock), &mutexattr);

    pthread_cond_init(&(ch->out_ringbuf_flush_cond), NULL);
    pthread_mutex_init(&(ch->out_ringbuf_flush_cond_mutex), NULL);

    ch->shutdown = 0;
    ch->spindown = 0;

    pthread_mutex_init(&(ch->handler_lock), &mutexattr);

    ch->listdevices_cb = NULL;
    ch->probe_cb = NULL;
    ch->open_cb = NULL;
    ch->unknown_cb = NULL;

    ch->chantranslate_cb = NULL;
    ch->chanfree_cb = NULL;
    ch->chancontrol_cb = NULL;

    ch->spectrumconfig_cb = NULL;

    ch->capture_cb = NULL;

    ch->userdata = NULL;

    ch->capture_running = 0;
    ch->hopping_running = 0;

    ch->channel = NULL;
    ch->channel_hop_list = NULL;
    ch->custom_channel_hop_list = NULL;
    ch->channel_hop_list_sz = 0;
    ch->channel_hop_shuffle = 0;
    ch->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing = 1;
    ch->channel_hop_failure_list = NULL;
    ch->channel_hop_failure_list_sz = 0;

    return ch;
}

void cf_set_remote_capable(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, int in_capable) {
    caph->remote_capable = in_capable;
}

void cf_handler_free(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    size_t szi;

    if (caph == NULL)
        return;

    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));

    if (caph->in_fd >= 0)
        close(caph->in_fd);

    if (caph->out_fd >= 0)
        close(caph->out_fd);

    if (caph->remote_host)
        free(caph->remote_host);

    if (caph->capsource_type)
        free(caph->capsource_type);

    if (caph->cli_sourcedef)
        free(caph->cli_sourcedef);

    if (caph->tcp_fd >= 0)
        close(caph->tcp_fd);

    if (caph->in_ringbuf != NULL)
        kis_simple_ringbuf_free(caph->in_ringbuf);

    if (caph->out_ringbuf != NULL)
        kis_simple_ringbuf_free(caph->out_ringbuf);

    for (szi = 0; szi < caph->channel_hop_list_sz; szi++) {
        if (caph->channel_hop_list[szi] != NULL)
            free(caph->channel_hop_list[szi]);

        if (caph->chanfree_cb != NULL) {
            (*(caph->chanfree_cb))(caph->custom_channel_hop_list[szi]);
        } else if (caph->custom_channel_hop_list[szi] != NULL) {
            free(caph->custom_channel_hop_list[szi]);
        }
    }

    if (caph->channel_hop_list != NULL)
        free(caph->channel_hop_list);

    if (caph->custom_channel_hop_list != NULL)
        free(caph->custom_channel_hop_list);

    if (caph->capture_running) {
        pthread_cancel(caph->capturethread);
        caph->capture_running = 0;
    }

    if (caph->hopping_running) {
        pthread_cancel(caph->hopthread);
        caph->hopping_running = 0;
    }

    pthread_mutex_destroy(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&(caph->handler_lock));
}

cf_params_interface_t *cf_params_interface_new() {
    cf_params_interface_t *cpi = 
        (cf_params_interface_t *) malloc(sizeof(cf_params_interface_t));
    memset(cpi, 0, sizeof(cf_params_interface_t));

    return cpi;
}

void cf_params_interface_free(cf_params_interface_t *pi) {
    if (pi->capif != NULL)
        free(pi->capif);

    if (pi->chanset != NULL)
        free(pi->chanset);

    if (pi->channels != NULL) {
        size_t x = 0;
        for (x = 0; x < pi->channels_len; x++) {
            free(pi->channels[x]);
        }
        free(pi->channels);
    }

    free(pi);
}

cf_params_spectrum_t *cf_params_spectrum_new() {
    cf_params_spectrum_t *cps =
        (cf_params_spectrum_t *) malloc(sizeof(cf_params_spectrum_t));
    memset(cps, 0, sizeof(cf_params_spectrum_t));
    return cps;
}

void cf_params_spectrum_free(cf_params_spectrum_t *si) {
    free(si);
}

void cf_handler_shutdown(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    if (caph == NULL)
        return;

    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    caph->shutdown = 1;

    /* Kill the capture thread */
    if (caph->capture_running) {
        pthread_cancel(caph->capturethread);
        caph->capture_running = 0;
    }

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_spindown(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    if (caph == NULL)
        return;

    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    caph->spindown = 1;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_assign_hop_channels(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, char **stringchans,
        void **privchans, size_t chan_sz, double rate, int shuffle, int shuffle_spacing, 
        int offset) {
    size_t szi;

    /*
    fprintf(stderr, "debug - assign hop channels\n"); 
    for (szi = 0; szi < chan_sz; szi++) {
        fprintf(stderr, "debug - channel %s priv %p\n", stringchans[szi], privchans[szi]);
    }
    */

    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));

    /* Purge any existing data */
    for (szi = 0; szi < caph->channel_hop_list_sz; szi++) {
        if (caph->channel_hop_list[szi] != NULL)
            free(caph->channel_hop_list[szi]);

        if (caph->chanfree_cb != NULL) {
            (*(caph->chanfree_cb))(caph->custom_channel_hop_list[szi]);
        } else if (caph->custom_channel_hop_list[szi] != NULL) {
            free(caph->custom_channel_hop_list[szi]);
        }
    }

    if (caph->channel_hop_list) 
        free(caph->channel_hop_list);
    if (caph->custom_channel_hop_list)
        free(caph->custom_channel_hop_list);

    caph->channel_hop_list = stringchans;
    caph->custom_channel_hop_list = privchans;
    caph->channel_hop_list_sz = chan_sz;
    caph->channel_hop_rate = rate;

    caph->channel_hop_shuffle = shuffle;
    caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing = shuffle_spacing;
    caph->channel_hop_offset = offset;

    if (caph->channel_hop_shuffle && caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing && chan_sz != 0) {
        /* To find a proper randomization number, take the length of the channel
         * list, divide by the preferred skipping distance.
         *
         * We then need to find the closest number to the skipping distance that
         * is not a factor of the maximum so that we get full coverage.
         */

        if (caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing > chan_sz)
            caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing = 1;

        while ((chan_sz % (chan_sz / caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing)) == 0) {
            if (caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing >= chan_sz - 1) {
                caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing = 1;
                break;
            }
            caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing++;
        }
    }

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));

    /* Launch the channel hop thread (cancelling any current channel hopping) */
    cf_handler_launch_hopping_thread(caph);
}

void cf_handler_set_hop_shuffle_spacing(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, int spacing) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));

    caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing = spacing;

    /* Set the shuffle hop; the channel hop thread will pick it up on its own if it
     * needs to */
    if (caph->channel_hop_shuffle && caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing &&
            caph->channel_hop_list_sz != 0) {
        while ((caph->channel_hop_list_sz % (caph->channel_hop_list_sz / 
                        caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing)) == 0) {
            if (caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing >= caph->channel_hop_list_sz - 1) {
                caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing = 1;
                break;
            }
        caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing++;
        }
    }

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_list_devices(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    cf_params_list_interface_t **interfaces = NULL;

    /* Callback ret */
    int cbret = -1;

    /* Status buffer */
    char msgstr[STATUS_MAX];

    unsigned int i;

    msgstr[0] = 0;

    if (caph->listdevices_cb == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s does not support listing available devices, sorry!\n",
                caph->capsource_type);
        return;
    }

    cbret = (*(caph->listdevices_cb))(caph, 0, msgstr, &interfaces);

    if (cbret <= 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s - No supported data sources found...\n", caph->capsource_type);
        return;
    }

    fprintf(stderr, "%s supported data sources:\n", caph->capsource_type);

    if (cbret > 0) {
        for (i = 0; i < (size_t) cbret; i++) {
            if (interfaces[i] != NULL) {
                fprintf(stderr, "    %s", interfaces[i]->interface);

                if (interfaces[i]->flags != NULL) {
                    fprintf(stderr, ":%s", interfaces[i]->flags);
                }

                if (interfaces[i]->hardware != NULL) {
                    fprintf(stderr, " (%s)", interfaces[i]->hardware);
                }
                
                fprintf(stderr, "\n");

                if (interfaces[i]->interface != NULL)
                    free(interfaces[i]->interface);
                if (interfaces[i]->flags != NULL)
                    free(interfaces[i]->flags);
                if (interfaces[i]->hardware != NULL)
                    free(interfaces[i]->hardware);

                free(interfaces[i]);
            }

        }

        free(interfaces);
    }
}

int cf_handler_parse_opts(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, int argc, char *argv[]) {
    int option_idx;

    optind = 0;
    opterr = 0;
    option_idx = 0;

    char parse_hname[512];
    unsigned int parse_port;

    int retry = 1;
    int daemon = 0;

    static struct option longopt[] = {
        { "in-fd", required_argument, 0, 1 },
        { "out-fd", required_argument, 0, 2 },
        { "connect", required_argument, 0, 3 },
        { "source", required_argument, 0, 4 },
        { "disable-retry", no_argument, 0, 5 },
        { "daemonize", no_argument, 0, 6},
        { "list", no_argument, 0, 7},
        { "fixed-gps", required_argument, 0, 8},
        { "gps-name", required_argument, 0, 9},
        { "help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
        { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
    };

    char *gps_arg = NULL;

    int pr;

    while (1) {
        int r = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h-", longopt, &option_idx);

        if (r < 0)
            break;

        if (r == 'h') {
            return -2;
        } else if (r == 1) {
            if (sscanf(optarg, "%d", &(caph->in_fd)) != 1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Unable to parse incoming file descriptor\n");
                return -1;
            }
        } else if (r == 2) {
            if (sscanf(optarg, "%d", &(caph->out_fd)) != 1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Unable to parse outgoing file descriptor\n");
                return -1;
            }
        } else if (r == 3) {
            if (sscanf(optarg, "%512[^:]:%u", parse_hname, &parse_port) != 2) {
                fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Expected host:port for --connect\n");
                return -1;
            }

            caph->remote_host = strdup(parse_hname);
            caph->remote_port = parse_port;
        } else if (r == 4) {
            caph->cli_sourcedef = strdup(optarg);
        } else if (r == 5) {
            fprintf(stderr, "INFO: Disabling automatic reconnection to remote servers\n");
            retry = 0;
        } else if (r == 6) {
            fprintf(stderr, "INFO: Entering daemon mode after initial setup\n");
            daemon = 1;
        } else if (r == 7) {
            cf_handler_list_devices(caph);
            cf_handler_free(caph);
            exit(1);
        } else if (r == 8) {
            gps_arg = strdup(optarg);
        } else if (r == 9) {
            caph->gps_name = strdup(optarg);
        }
    }

    if (caph->remote_host == NULL && caph->cli_sourcedef != NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, 
                "WARNING: Ignoring --source option when not connecting to a remote host\n");
    }

    if (caph->remote_host == NULL && gps_arg != NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, 
                "WARNING: Ignoring --fixed-gps option when not connecting to a remote host\n");
    }

    if (gps_arg != NULL) {
        pr = sscanf(gps_arg, "%lf,%lf,%lf", 
                &(caph->gps_fixed_lat), &(caph->gps_fixed_lon),
                &(caph->gps_fixed_alt));

        if (pr == 2) {
            caph->gps_fixed_alt = 0;
        } else if (pr < 2) {
            fprintf(stderr, 
                    "FATAL:  --fixed-gps expects lat,lon or lat,lon,alt\n");
            return -1;
        }

        free(gps_arg);
    }


    if (caph->remote_host != NULL) {
        /* Must have a --source to present to the remote host */
        if (caph->cli_sourcedef == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, 
                    "FATAL: --source option required when connecting to a remote host\n");
            return -1;
        }

        /* Set retry only when we have a remote host */
        caph->remote_retry = retry;

        /* Set daemon mode only when we have a remote host */
        caph->daemonize = daemon;

        return 2;
    }

    if (caph->in_fd == -1 || caph->out_fd == -1)
        return -1;

    return 1;

}

void cf_print_help(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, const char *argv0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "%s is a capture driver for Kismet.  Typically it is started\n"
            "automatically by the Kismet server.\n", argv0);
    
    if (caph->remote_capable) {
        fprintf(stderr, "\n%s supports sending data to a remote Kismet server\n"
                "Usage: %s [options]\n"
                " --connect [host]:[port]     Connect to remote Kismet server on [host] \n"
                "                             and [port]; typically Kismet accepts remote \n"
                "                             capture on port 3501.\n"
                " --source [source def]       Specify a source to send to the remote \n"
                "                             Kismet server; only used in conjunction with \n"
                "                             remote capture.\n"
                " --disable-retry             Do not attempt to reconnect to a remote server\n"
                "                             if there is an error; exit immediately\n"
                " --fixed-gps [lat,lon,alt]   Set a fixed location for this capture (remote only),\n"
                "                             accepts lat,lon,alt or lat,lon\n"
                " --gps-name [name]           Set an alternate GPS name for this source\n"
                " --daemonize                 Background the capture tool and enter daemon\n"
                "                             mode.\n"
                " --list                      List supported devices detected\n",
                argv0, argv0);
    }

}


void cf_handler_set_listdevices_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, 
        cf_callback_listdevices cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->listdevices_cb = cb;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_probe_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, cf_callback_probe cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->probe_cb = cb;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_open_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, 
        cf_callback_open cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->open_cb = cb;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_userdata(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, void *userdata) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->userdata = userdata;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_capture_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, cf_callback_capture cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->capture_cb = cb;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_spectrumconfig_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, 
        cf_callback_spectrumconfig cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->spectrumconfig_cb = cb;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_unknown_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, cf_callback_unknown cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->unknown_cb = cb;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_chantranslate_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, 
        cf_callback_chantranslate cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->chantranslate_cb = cb;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_chancontrol_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf,
        cf_callback_chancontrol cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->chancontrol_cb = cb; 
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

void cf_handler_set_chanfree_cb(kis_capture_handler_t *capf, cf_callback_chanfree cb) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(capf->handler_lock));
    capf->chanfree_cb = cb;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(capf->handler_lock));
}

/* Internal capture thread which spawns the capture callback
 */
void *cf_int_capture_thread(void *arg) {
    kis_capture_handler_t *caph = (kis_capture_handler_t *) arg;

    /* Set us cancelable */
    pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE, NULL);
    pthread_setcanceltype(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS, NULL);

    if (caph->capture_cb != NULL) {
        (*(caph->capture_cb))(caph);
    } else {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR - No capture handler defined for capture thread\n");
    }

    cf_send_error(caph, 0, "capture thread ended, source is closed.");
   
    cf_handler_spindown(caph);

    return NULL;
}

/* Launch a capture thread after opening has been successful */
int cf_handler_launch_capture_thread(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    /* Set the thread attributes - detatched, cancelable */
    pthread_attr_t attr;
    pthread_attr_init(&attr);
    pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);

    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    if (caph->capture_running) {
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
        return 0;
    }

    if (pthread_create(&(caph->capturethread), &attr, 
                cf_int_capture_thread, caph) < 0) {
        /* fprintf(stderr, "debug - failed to pthread_create %s\n", strerror(errno)); */
        cf_send_error(caph, 0, "failed to launch capture thread");
        cf_handler_spindown(caph);
        return -1;
    }

    caph->capture_running = 1;

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    
    /* fprintf(stderr, "debug - capture thread launched\n"); */

    return 1;
}

void cf_handler_wait_ringbuffer(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    pthread_cond_wait(&(caph->out_ringbuf_flush_cond),
            &(caph->out_ringbuf_flush_cond_mutex));
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_flush_cond_mutex));
}

/* Internal capture thread which drives channel hopping
 */
void *cf_int_chanhop_thread(void *arg) {
    kis_capture_handler_t *caph = (kis_capture_handler_t *) arg;

    /* Set us cancelable */
    pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE, NULL);
    pthread_setcanceltype(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS, NULL);

    size_t hoppos;
    
    /* How long we're waiting until the next time */
    unsigned int wait_sec = 0;
    unsigned int wait_usec = 0;

    char errstr[STATUS_MAX];
    
    int r = 0;

    /* Figure out where we are in the hopping vec, and set us to actively hopping
     * right now; this will block until the thread launcher brings us up */
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    hoppos = caph->channel_hop_offset;
    caph->hopping_running = 1;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));


    while (1) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));

        /* Cancel thread if we're no longer hopping */
        if (caph->channel_hop_rate == 0 || caph->hopping_running == 0) {
            caph->hopping_running = 0;
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
            return NULL;
        }
       
        wait_usec = 1000000L / caph->channel_hop_rate;

        if (wait_usec < 50000) {
            wait_sec = 0;
            wait_usec = 50000;
        } else if (wait_usec > 1000000L) {
            wait_sec = wait_usec / 1000000L;
            wait_usec = wait_usec % 1000000L;
        }

        pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));

        /* Sleep until the next wakeup */
        sleep(wait_sec);
        usleep(wait_usec);

        pthread_mutex_lock(&caph->handler_lock);

        if (caph->channel_hop_rate == 0 || caph->chancontrol_cb == NULL) {
            // fprintf(stderr, "debug - hop rate 0 or no chancontrol\n");
            caph->hopping_running = 0;
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&caph->handler_lock);
            return NULL;
        }

        errstr[0] = 0;
        if ((r = (caph->chancontrol_cb)(caph, 0, 
                    caph->custom_channel_hop_list[hoppos % caph->channel_hop_list_sz], 
                    errstr)) < 0) {
            cf_send_error(caph, 0, errstr);
            caph->hopping_running = 0;
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&caph->handler_lock);
            cf_handler_spindown(caph);
            return NULL;
        } else if (r == 0) {
            // fprintf(stderr, "debug - got an error at position %lu\n", hoppos % caph->channel_hop_list_sz);

            // Append to the linked list
            struct cf_channel_error *err;
            int err_seen = 0;

            for (err = (struct cf_channel_error *) caph->channel_hop_failure_list;
                    err != NULL; err = err->next) {
                if (err->channel_pos == (hoppos % caph->channel_hop_list_sz)) {
                    // fprintf(stderr, "debug - already saw an error here\n");
                    err_seen = 1;
                    break;
                }
            }

            // Only add error positions we haven't seen in error before
            if (!err_seen) {
                // fprintf(stderr, "debug - making new error record\n");
                err = (struct cf_channel_error *) malloc(sizeof(struct cf_channel_error));
                err->channel_pos = hoppos % caph->channel_hop_list_sz;
                err->next = (struct cf_channel_error *) caph->channel_hop_failure_list;
                caph->channel_hop_failure_list = err;
                caph->channel_hop_failure_list_sz++;
            }
        }

        /* Increment by the shuffle amount */
        if (caph->channel_hop_shuffle)
            hoppos += caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing;
        else
            hoppos++;

        /* If we've gotten back to 0, look at the failed channel list.  This is super
         * inefficient because it has to do multiple crawls of a linked list, but
         * it should only happen once per interface to clean out the bogons. */
        if ((hoppos % caph->channel_hop_list_sz) == 0 &&
                caph->channel_hop_failure_list_sz != 0) {
            char **channel_hop_list_new;
            void **custom_channel_hop_list_new;
            size_t new_sz;
            size_t i, ni;
            struct cf_channel_error *err, *errnext;

            // fprintf(stderr, "debug - hop fail, cleaning up\n");

            /* Safety net */
            if (caph->channel_hop_failure_list_sz >= caph->channel_hop_list_sz) {
                // fprintf(stderr, "debug - sending fail\n");
                snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "Attempted to clean up channels which were "
                        "in error state, but there were more error channels (%lu) than "
                        "assigned channels (%lu), something is wrong internally.",
                        caph->channel_hop_failure_list_sz,
                        caph->channel_hop_list_sz);
                cf_send_error(caph, 0, errstr);
                caph->hopping_running = 0;
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&caph->handler_lock);
                cf_handler_spindown(caph);
                return NULL;
            }

            /* shrink the channel list and the custom list, and copy only the 
             * valid ones, eliminating the bogus ones */
            new_sz = caph->channel_hop_list_sz - caph->channel_hop_failure_list_sz;

            channel_hop_list_new = (char **) malloc(sizeof(char *) * new_sz);
            custom_channel_hop_list_new = (void **) malloc(sizeof(void *) * new_sz);

            // fprintf(stderr, "debug - allocating new channel list %lu\n", new_sz);

            for (i = 0, ni = 0; i < caph->channel_hop_list_sz && ni < new_sz; i++) {
                int err_seen = 0;

                for (err = (struct cf_channel_error *) caph->channel_hop_failure_list;
                        err != NULL; err = err->next) {
                    if (err->channel_pos == i) {
                        err_seen = 1;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                /* If it's in error, free it */
                if (err_seen) {
                    // fprintf(stderr, "debug - freeing from %lu\n", i);
                    free(caph->channel_hop_list[i]);
                    if (caph->chanfree_cb != NULL) 
                        (caph->chanfree_cb)(caph->custom_channel_hop_list[i]);
                    continue;
                }

                // fprintf(stderr, "debug - copying channel from %lu to %lu\n", i, ni);

                /* Otherwise move the pointer to our new list */
                channel_hop_list_new[ni] = caph->channel_hop_list[i];
                custom_channel_hop_list_new[ni] = caph->custom_channel_hop_list[i];
                ni++;
            }

            // fprintf(stderr, "debug - nuking old hop list\n");
            /* Remove the old lists and swap in the new ones */
            free(caph->channel_hop_list);
            free(caph->custom_channel_hop_list);

            caph->channel_hop_list = channel_hop_list_new;
            caph->custom_channel_hop_list = custom_channel_hop_list_new;
            caph->channel_hop_list_sz = new_sz;

            /* Spam a configresp which should trigger a reconfigure */
            snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "Removed %lu channels from the channel list "
                    "because the source could not tune to them", 
                    caph->channel_hop_failure_list_sz);
            cf_send_configresp(caph, 0, 1, errstr, NULL);


            // fprintf(stderr, "debug - clearing out old list\n");
            /* Clear out the old list */
            err = (struct cf_channel_error *) caph->channel_hop_failure_list;
            while (err != NULL) {
                errnext = err->next;
                free(err);
                err = errnext;
            }
            caph->channel_hop_failure_list = NULL;
            caph->channel_hop_failure_list_sz = 0;
        }

        pthread_mutex_unlock(&caph->handler_lock);
    }

    return NULL;
}

int cf_handler_launch_hopping_thread(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    /* Set the thread attributes - detatched, cancelable */
    pthread_attr_t attr;
    pthread_attr_init(&attr);
    pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);

    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    if (caph->hopping_running) {
        pthread_cancel(caph->hopthread);
        caph->hopping_running = 0;
    }

    if (pthread_create(&(caph->hopthread), &attr, cf_int_chanhop_thread, caph) < 0) {
        cf_send_error(caph, 0, "failed to launch channel hopping thread");
        cf_handler_spindown(caph);
        return -1;
    }

    caph->hopping_running = 1;

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    
    return 1;
}

int cf_handle_rx_data(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    size_t rb_available;

    kismet_external_frame_t *external_frame;

    /* Buffer of just the packet header, fixed size */
    uint8_t hdr_buf[sizeof(kismet_external_frame_t)];

    /* Buffer of entire frame, dynamic */
    uint8_t *frame_buf;

    /* Incoming size */
    uint32_t packet_sz;
    uint32_t total_sz;

    /* Incoming checksum */
    uint32_t data_checksum;

    /* Calculated checksum */
    uint32_t calc_checksum;

    /* Callback ret */
    int cbret = -1;

    /* Status buffer */
    char msgstr[STATUS_MAX];

    /* Kismet command */
    KismetExternal__Command *kds_cmd;

    size_t i;

    rb_available = kis_simple_ringbuf_used(caph->in_ringbuf);

    if (rb_available < sizeof(kismet_external_frame_t)) {
        /* fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG - insufficient data to represent a frame\n"); */
        return 0;
    }

    if (kis_simple_ringbuf_peek(caph->in_ringbuf, hdr_buf, 
                sizeof(kismet_external_frame_t)) != sizeof(kismet_external_frame_t)) {
        return 0;
    }

    external_frame = (kismet_external_frame_t *) hdr_buf;

    /* Check the signature */
    if (ntohl(external_frame->signature) != KIS_EXTERNAL_PROTO_SIG) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Invalid frame header received\n");
        return -1;
    }

    /* If the signature passes, see if we can read the whole frame */
    packet_sz = ntohl(external_frame->data_sz);
    total_sz = packet_sz + sizeof(kismet_external_frame_t);

    if (total_sz >= kis_simple_ringbuf_size(caph->in_ringbuf)) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Incoming packet too large for ringbuf\n");
        return -1;
    }

    if (rb_available < total_sz) {
        return 0;
    }

    /* We've got enough to read it all; allocate the buffer and read it in */
    frame_buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(total_sz);

    if (frame_buf == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Could not allocate read buffer\n");
        return -1;
    }

    /* Peek our ring buffer */
    if (kis_simple_ringbuf_peek(caph->in_ringbuf, frame_buf, total_sz) != total_sz) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Failed to read packet from ringbuf\n");
        free(frame_buf);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Clear it out from the buffer */
    kis_simple_ringbuf_read(caph->in_ringbuf, NULL, total_sz);

    external_frame = (kismet_external_frame_t *) frame_buf;

    /* Checksum it */
    calc_checksum = adler32_csum(external_frame->data, packet_sz);

    data_checksum = ntohl(external_frame->data_checksum);

    if (calc_checksum != data_checksum) {
        fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG - C - Checksum %x calced %x len %u\n", calc_checksum, data_checksum, packet_sz);
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Invalid frame received, checksum does not match\n");
        free(frame_buf);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Unpack the protbuf */
    kds_cmd = kismet_external__command__unpack(NULL, packet_sz, external_frame->data);

    if (kds_cmd == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Invalid frame received, unable to unpack command\n");
        free(frame_buf);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Lock so we can look at callbacks */
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));

    /* Split into commands and handle them */
    if (strcasecmp(kds_cmd->command, "PING") == 0) {
        caph->last_ping = time(NULL);
        cf_send_pong(caph, kds_cmd->seqno);
        cbret = 1;
        goto finish;
    } else if (strcasecmp(kds_cmd->command, "PONG") == 0) {
        cbret = 1;
        goto finish;
    } else if (strcasecmp(kds_cmd->command, "KDSLISTINTERFACES") == 0) {
        if (caph->listdevices_cb == NULL) {
            cf_send_listresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno, true, "", NULL, 0);
            cbret = -1;
            goto finish;
        } else {
            cf_params_list_interface_t **interfaces = NULL;
            msgstr[0] = 0;
            cbret = (*(caph->listdevices_cb))(caph, kds_cmd->seqno, msgstr, &interfaces);

            cf_send_listresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno, cbret >= 0, msgstr, 
                    interfaces, cbret < 0 ? 0 : cbret);

            if (cbret > 0) {
                for (i = 0; i < (size_t) cbret; i++) {
                    if (interfaces[i] != NULL) {
                        if (interfaces[i]->interface != NULL)
                            free(interfaces[i]->interface);
                        if (interfaces[i]->flags != NULL)
                            free(interfaces[i]->flags);
                        if (interfaces[i]->hardware != NULL)
                            free(interfaces[i]->hardware);

                        free(interfaces[i]);
                    }
                }

                free(interfaces);
            }

            /* Always spin down after listing */
            cf_handler_spindown(caph);
            goto finish;
        }
    } else if (strcasecmp(kds_cmd->command, "KDSPROBESOURCE") == 0) {
        if (caph->probe_cb == NULL) {
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
            cf_send_proberesp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno,
                    false, "Source does not support probing", NULL, NULL);
            cbret = -1;
            goto finish;
        } else {
            KismetDatasource__ProbeSource *probe_cmd = NULL;

            cf_params_interface_t *interfaceparams = NULL;
            cf_params_spectrum_t *spectrumparams = NULL;

            char *uuid = NULL;

            /* Unpack the protbuf */
            probe_cmd = kismet_datasource__probe_source__unpack(NULL, kds_cmd->content.len, 
                    kds_cmd->content.data);

            if (probe_cmd == NULL) {
                fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Invalid frame received, unable to unpack "
                        "KDSPROBESOURCE command\n");
                cbret = -1;
                goto finish;
            }
            
            msgstr[0] = 0;
            cbret = (*(caph->probe_cb))(caph,
                    kds_cmd->seqno, probe_cmd->definition,
                    msgstr, &uuid, kds_cmd, &interfaceparams, &spectrumparams);

            cf_send_proberesp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno,
                    cbret < 0 ? 0 : cbret, msgstr, interfaceparams, spectrumparams);

            kismet_datasource__probe_source__free_unpacked(probe_cmd, NULL);

            if (uuid != NULL)
                free(uuid);

            if (interfaceparams != NULL)
                cf_params_interface_free(interfaceparams);

            if (spectrumparams != NULL)
                cf_params_spectrum_free(spectrumparams);

            /* Always spin down after probing */
            cf_handler_spindown(caph);

            goto finish;
        }
    } else if (strcasecmp(kds_cmd->command, "KDSOPENSOURCE") == 0) {
        if (caph->open_cb == NULL) {
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
            cf_send_openresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno,
                    false, "source cannot be opened", 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
            cbret = -1;
        } else {
            KismetDatasource__OpenSource *open_cmd = NULL;

            uint32_t dlt;

            cf_params_interface_t *interfaceparams = NULL;
            cf_params_spectrum_t *spectrumparams = NULL;

            char *uuid = NULL;

            /* Unpack the protbuf */
            open_cmd = kismet_datasource__open_source__unpack(NULL, kds_cmd->content.len, 
                    kds_cmd->content.data);

            if (open_cmd == NULL) {
                fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Invalid frame received, unable to unpack "
                        "KDSOPENSOURCE command\n");
                cbret = -1;
                goto finish;
            }
            
            msgstr[0] = 0;
            cbret = (*(caph->open_cb))(caph,
                    kds_cmd->seqno, open_cmd->definition,
                    msgstr, &dlt, &uuid, kds_cmd,
                    &interfaceparams, &spectrumparams);

            cf_send_openresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno,
                    cbret < 0 ? 0 : cbret, msgstr, dlt, uuid, interfaceparams,
                    spectrumparams);

            if (uuid != NULL)
                free(uuid);

            if (interfaceparams != NULL)
                cf_params_interface_free(interfaceparams);

            if (spectrumparams != NULL)
                cf_params_spectrum_free(spectrumparams);

            kismet_datasource__open_source__free_unpacked(open_cmd, NULL);

            if (caph->remote_host) {
                fprintf(stderr, "INFO - %s:%u starting capture...\n",
                        caph->remote_host, caph->remote_port);
            }

            if (cbret >= 0) {
                cf_handler_launch_capture_thread(caph);
            }

            goto finish;
        }
    } else if (strcasecmp(kds_cmd->command, "KDSCONFIGURE") == 0) {
        KismetDatasource__Configure *conf_cmd;

        double chanhop_rate;
        char **chanhop_channels = NULL;
        void **chanhop_priv_channels = NULL;
        size_t chanhop_channels_sz, szi;
        int chanhop_shuffle = 0, chanhop_shuffle_spacing = 1, chanhop_offset = 0;
        void *translate_chan = NULL;

        /* Unpack the protbuf */
        conf_cmd = kismet_datasource__configure__unpack(NULL, kds_cmd->content.len, 
                kds_cmd->content.data);

        if (conf_cmd == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Invalid frame received, unable to unpack "
                    "KDSCONFIGURE command\n");
            cbret = -1;
            goto finish;
        }

        if (conf_cmd->channel != NULL) {
            /* Handle channel set */
            if (caph->chancontrol_cb == NULL) {
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
                cf_send_configresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno,
                        0, "Source does not support setting channel", NULL);
                cbret = 0;

                kismet_datasource__configure__free_unpacked(conf_cmd, NULL);
                goto finish;
            } else {
                if (caph->chantranslate_cb != NULL) {
                    translate_chan = (*(caph->chantranslate_cb))(caph, conf_cmd->channel->channel);
                } else {
                    translate_chan = strdup(conf_cmd->channel->channel);
                }

                if (caph->hopping_running) {
                    pthread_cancel(caph->hopthread);
                    caph->hopping_running = 0;
                }

                msgstr[0] = 0;
                cbret = (*(caph->chancontrol_cb))(caph,
                        kds_cmd->seqno,
                        translate_chan, msgstr);

                /* Log the channel we're set to */
                if (cbret > 0) {
                    if (caph->channel != NULL)
                        free(caph->channel);
                    caph->channel = strdup(conf_cmd->channel->channel);
                }

                /* Send a response based on the channel set success */
                cf_send_configresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno, cbret >= 0, msgstr, NULL);

                /* Free our channel copies */
                if (caph->chanfree_cb != NULL)
                    (*(caph->chanfree_cb))(translate_chan);
                else
                    free(translate_chan);

                kismet_datasource__configure__free_unpacked(conf_cmd, NULL);

                goto finish;
            }

        } else if (conf_cmd->hopping != NULL) {
            /* Otherwise process hopping */
            if (conf_cmd->hopping->n_channels == 0) {
                cf_send_configresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno, 0, 
                        "No channels in hopping configuration", NULL);
                cbret = -1;

                kismet_datasource__configure__free_unpacked(conf_cmd, NULL);

                goto finish;
            }

            if (caph->chancontrol_cb == NULL) {
                cf_send_configresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno, 0, 
                        "Source does not support setting channel", NULL);
                cbret = -1;

                kismet_datasource__configure__free_unpacked(conf_cmd, NULL);

                goto finish;
            }

            chanhop_channels_sz = conf_cmd->hopping->n_channels;

            chanhop_channels = 
                (char **) malloc(sizeof(char *) * chanhop_channels_sz);

            for (szi = 0; szi < chanhop_channels_sz; szi++) {
                chanhop_channels[szi] = strdup(conf_cmd->hopping->channels[szi]);
            }

            /* Translate all the channels, or dupe them as strings */
            chanhop_priv_channels = 
                (void **) malloc(sizeof(void *) * chanhop_channels_sz);

            for (szi = 0; szi < chanhop_channels_sz; szi++) {
                if (caph->chantranslate_cb != NULL) {
                    chanhop_priv_channels[szi] = 
                        (*(caph->chantranslate_cb))(caph, conf_cmd->hopping->channels[szi]);
                } else {
                    chanhop_priv_channels[szi] = strdup(conf_cmd->hopping->channels[szi]);
                }
            }

            /* Load any configure options or default to what we're already set for */
            if (conf_cmd->hopping->has_rate)
                chanhop_rate = conf_cmd->hopping->rate;
            else
                chanhop_rate = caph->channel_hop_rate;

            if (conf_cmd->hopping->has_shuffle)
                chanhop_shuffle = conf_cmd->hopping->shuffle;
            else
                chanhop_shuffle = caph->channel_hop_shuffle;

            if (conf_cmd->hopping->has_shuffle_skip) 
                chanhop_shuffle_spacing = conf_cmd->hopping->shuffle_skip;
             else 
                chanhop_shuffle_spacing = caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing;

            if (conf_cmd->hopping->has_offset)
                chanhop_offset = conf_cmd->hopping->offset;
            else
                chanhop_offset = caph->channel_hop_offset;

            /* Set the hop data, which will handle our thread */
            cf_handler_assign_hop_channels(caph, chanhop_channels,
                    chanhop_priv_channels, chanhop_channels_sz, chanhop_rate,
                    chanhop_shuffle, chanhop_shuffle_spacing, chanhop_offset);

            /* Return a completion, and we do NOT free the channel lists we
             * dynamically allocated out of the buffer with cf_get_CHANHOP, as
             * we're now using them for keeping the channel record in the
             * caph */
            cf_send_configresp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno, 1, NULL, NULL);
            cbret = 1;

            kismet_datasource__configure__free_unpacked(conf_cmd, NULL);

            goto finish;
        }
    } else {
        /* fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG - got unhandled request - '%.16s'\n", cap_proto_frame->header.type); */
        cbret = -1;

        /* If we have an unknown frame handler, give it a chance to process this
         * frame */
        if (caph->unknown_cb != NULL) {
            cbret = 
                (*(caph->unknown_cb))(caph, kds_cmd->seqno, kds_cmd);
        }

        if (cbret < 0) {
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
            cf_send_proberesp(caph, kds_cmd->seqno,
                    false, "Unsupported request", NULL, NULL);
        }
    }
    

finish:
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    kismet_external__command__free_unpacked(kds_cmd, NULL);
    free(frame_buf);

    return cbret;
}

int cf_handler_remote_connect(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    struct hostent *connect_host;
    struct sockaddr_in client_sock, local_sock;
    int client_fd;
    int sock_flags;

    char msgstr[STATUS_MAX];

    char *uuid = NULL;

    int cbret;

    cf_params_interface_t *cpi;
    cf_params_spectrum_t *cps;

    /* If we have nothing to connect to... */
    if (caph->remote_host == NULL)
        return 0;

    /* Close the fd if it's open */
    if (caph->tcp_fd >= 0) {
        close(caph->tcp_fd);
        caph->tcp_fd = -1;
    }

    /* Reset the last ping */
    caph->last_ping = time(0);

    /* Reset spindown */
    caph->spindown = 0;

    /* Clear the buffers */
    kis_simple_ringbuf_clear(caph->in_ringbuf);
    kis_simple_ringbuf_clear(caph->out_ringbuf);

    /* Perform a local probe on the source to see if it's valid */
    msgstr[0] = 0;

    cpi = NULL;
    cps = NULL;

    if (caph->probe_cb == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL - unable to connect as remote source when no probe callback "
                "provided.\n");
        return -1;
    }

    cbret = (*(caph->probe_cb))(caph, 0, caph->cli_sourcedef, msgstr, &uuid, 
            NULL, &cpi, &cps);

    if (cpi != NULL)
        cf_params_interface_free(cpi);

    if (cps != NULL)
        cf_params_spectrum_free(cps);

    if (cbret <= 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL - Could not probe local source prior to connecting to the "
                "remote host: %s\n", msgstr);

        if (uuid)
            free(uuid);
    
        return -1;
    }

    if ((connect_host = gethostbyname(caph->remote_host)) == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL - Could not resolve hostname for remote connection to '%s'\n",
                caph->remote_host);

        if (uuid)
            free(uuid);

        return -1;
    }

    memset(&client_sock, 0, sizeof(client_sock));
    client_sock.sin_family = connect_host->h_addrtype;
    memcpy((char *) &(client_sock.sin_addr.s_addr), connect_host->h_addr_list[0],
            connect_host->h_length);
    client_sock.sin_port = htons(caph->remote_port);

    if ((client_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL - Could not connect to remote host '%s:%u': %s\n",
                caph->remote_host, caph->remote_port, strerror(errno));

        if (uuid)
            free(uuid);

        return -1;
    }

    memset(&local_sock, 0, sizeof(local_sock));
    local_sock.sin_family = AF_INET;
    local_sock.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    local_sock.sin_port = htons(0);

    if (bind(client_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &local_sock, sizeof(local_sock)) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL - Could not connect to remote host '%s:%u': %s\n",
                caph->remote_host, caph->remote_port, strerror(errno));
        close(client_fd);

        if (uuid)
            free(uuid);

        return -1;
    }

    if (connect(client_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &client_sock, sizeof(client_sock)) < 0) {
        if (errno != EINPROGRESS) {
            fprintf(stderr, "FATAL - Could not connect to remote host '%s:%u': %s\n",
                    caph->remote_host, caph->remote_port, strerror(errno));

            close(client_fd);

            if (uuid)
                free(uuid);

            return -1;
        }
    }

    sock_flags = fcntl(client_fd, F_GETFL, 0);
    fcntl(client_fd, F_SETFL, sock_flags | O_NONBLOCK | FD_CLOEXEC);

    caph->tcp_fd = client_fd;

    fprintf(stderr, "INFO - Connected to '%s:%u'...\n", caph->remote_host, caph->remote_port);

    /* Send the NEWSOURCE command to the Kismet server */
    cf_send_newsource(caph, uuid);

    if (uuid)
        free(uuid);

    return 1;
}

int cf_handler_loop(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    fd_set rset, wset;
    int max_fd;
    int read_fd, write_fd;
    struct timeval tm;
    int spindown;
    int ret;
    int rv = 0;

    if (caph->tcp_fd >= 0) {
        read_fd = caph->tcp_fd;
        write_fd = caph->tcp_fd;
    } else {
        /* Set our descriptors as nonblocking */
        fcntl(caph->in_fd, F_SETFL, fcntl(caph->in_fd, F_GETFL, 0) | O_NONBLOCK);
        fcntl(caph->out_fd, F_SETFL, fcntl(caph->out_fd, F_GETFL, 0) | O_NONBLOCK);

        read_fd = caph->in_fd;
        write_fd = caph->out_fd;
    }

    /* Basic select loop using ring buffers; we fill in from the read descriptor
     * and try to make frames; similarly we populate the outbound descriptor from
     * anything that comes in from our IO thread */
    while (1) {
        FD_ZERO(&rset);
        FD_ZERO(&wset);

        /* Check shutdown state or if we're spinning down */
        pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));

        /* Hard shutdown */
        if (caph->shutdown) {
            fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Shutting down main select loop\n");
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
            rv = -1;
            break;
        }

        if (caph->last_ping != 0 && time(NULL) - caph->last_ping > 15) {
            fprintf(stderr, "FATAL - Capture source did not get PING from Kismet for "
                    "over 15 seconds; shutting down\n");
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));
            rv = -1;
            break;
        }

        /* Copy spindown state outside of lock */
        spindown = caph->spindown;

        pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));

        max_fd = 0;

        /* Only set read sets if we're not spinning down */
        if (spindown == 0) {
            /* Only set rset if we're not spinning down */
            FD_SET(read_fd, &rset);
            max_fd = read_fd;
        }

        /* Inspect the write buffer - do we have data? */
        pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));

        if (kis_simple_ringbuf_used(caph->out_ringbuf) != 0) {
            FD_SET(write_fd, &wset);
            if (max_fd < write_fd)
                max_fd = write_fd;
        } else if (spindown != 0) {
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
            rv = 0;
            break;
        }

        pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));

        tm.tv_sec = 0;
        tm.tv_usec = 500000;

        if ((ret = select(max_fd + 1, &rset, &wset, NULL, &tm)) < 0) {
            if (errno != EINTR && errno != EAGAIN) {
                fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Error during select(): %s\n", strerror(errno));
                rv = -1;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (ret == 0)
            continue;

        if (FD_ISSET(read_fd, &rset)) {
            while (kis_simple_ringbuf_available(caph->in_ringbuf)) {
                /* We use a fixed-length read buffer for simplicity, and we shouldn't
                 * ever have too many incoming packets queued because the datasource
                 * protocol is very tx-heavy */
                ssize_t amt_read;
                size_t amt_buffered;
                uint8_t rbuf[1024];

                /* We deliberately read as much as we need and try to put it in the 
                 * buffer, if the buffer fills up something has gone wrong anyhow */

                /* If it looks like we're doing remote cap over tcp, use recv because
                 * OSX seems to ignore O_NONBLOCK; on the other hand, if it's IPC over
                 * pipes, we HAVE to use read because recv will fail! */
                if (caph->remote_host != NULL)
                    amt_read = recv(read_fd, rbuf, 1024, MSG_DONTWAIT);
                else
                    amt_read = read(read_fd, rbuf, 1024);

                if (amt_read <= 0) {
                    if (errno != EINTR && errno != EAGAIN) {
                        /* Bail entirely */
                        if (amt_read == 0) {
                            fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Remote side closed read pipe\n");
                        } else {
                            fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Error during read(): %s\n", 
                                    strerror(errno));
                        }
                        rv = -1;
                        goto cap_loop_fail;
                    } else {
                        /* Drop out of read/process loop */
                        break;
                    }
                }

                amt_buffered = kis_simple_ringbuf_write(caph->in_ringbuf, rbuf, amt_read);

                if ((ssize_t) amt_buffered != amt_read) {
                    /* Bail entirely - to do, report error if we can over connection */
                    fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Error during read(): insufficient buffer space\n");
                    rv = -1;
                    goto cap_loop_fail;
                }

                /* fprintf(stderr, "debug - capframework - read %lu\n", amt_buffered); */

                /* See if we have a complete packet to do something with */
                if (cf_handle_rx_data(caph) < 0) {
                    /* Enter spindown if processing an incoming packet failed */
                    cf_handler_spindown(caph);
                }
            }
        }

        if (FD_ISSET(write_fd, &wset)) {
            /* We can write data - lock the ring buffer mutex and write out
             * whatever we can; we peek the ringbuffer and then flag off what
             * we've successfully written out */
            ssize_t written_sz;
            size_t peek_sz;
            size_t peeked_sz;
            uint8_t *peek_buf;

            pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));

            peek_sz = kis_simple_ringbuf_used(caph->out_ringbuf);

            /* Don't know how we'd get here... */
            if (peek_sz == 0) {
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
                continue;
            }

            peek_buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(peek_sz);

            if (peek_buf == NULL) {
                pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "FATAL:  Error during write(): could not allocate write "
                        "buffer space\n");
                rv = -1;
                break;
            }

            peeked_sz = kis_simple_ringbuf_peek(caph->out_ringbuf, peek_buf, peek_sz);

            /* fprintf(stderr, "debug - peeked %lu\n", peeked_sz); */

            /* Same nonsense as before - send on tcp, write on pipes */
            if (caph->remote_host != NULL)
                written_sz = send(write_fd, peek_buf, peeked_sz, MSG_DONTWAIT);
            else
                written_sz = write(write_fd, peek_buf, peeked_sz);

            if (written_sz < 0) {
                if (errno != EINTR && errno != EAGAIN && errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
                    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
                    fprintf(stderr,
                            "FATAL:  Error during write(): %s\n", strerror(errno));
                    free(peek_buf);
                    rv = -1;
                    break;
                }
            }

            free(peek_buf);

            /* Flag it as consumed */
            kis_simple_ringbuf_read(caph->out_ringbuf, NULL, (size_t) written_sz);

            /* Unlock */
            pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));

            /* Signal to any waiting IO that the buffer has some
             * headroom */
            pthread_cond_signal(&(caph->out_ringbuf_flush_cond));
        }
    }

    /* Fall out of select loop */
cap_loop_fail:
    /* Kill the capture thread */
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
    if (caph->capture_running) {
        pthread_cancel(caph->capturethread);
        caph->capture_running = 0;
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));

    return rv;
}

int cf_send_raw_bytes(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));

    if (kis_simple_ringbuf_available(caph->out_ringbuf) < len) {
        /* fprintf(stderr, "debug - Insufficient room in write buffer to queue data\n"); */
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
        return 0;
    }

    if (kis_simple_ringbuf_write(caph->out_ringbuf, data, len) != len) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: Failed to write data to buffer\n");
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
        return -1;
    }

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->out_ringbuf_lock));
    return 1;
}

int cf_send_packet(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, const char *packtype,
        uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
    uint32_t seqno;
    KismetExternal__Command cmd;

    /* Frame we'll be sending */
    kismet_external_frame_t *frame;
    /* Size of serialized command data */
    size_t data_sz;
    /* Buffer holding all of it */
    uint8_t *send_buffer;
    /* Calculated checksum */
    uint32_t calc_checksum;

    int r;

    kismet_external__command__init(&cmd);

    /* Lock the handler and get the next sequence number */
    pthread_mutex_lock(&(caph->handler_lock));
    if (++caph->seqno == 0)
        caph->seqno = 1;
    seqno = caph->seqno;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&(caph->handler_lock));

    cmd.seqno = seqno;
    cmd.command = strdup(packtype);
    cmd.content.data = data;
    cmd.content.len = len;
   
    data_sz = kismet_external__command__get_packed_size(&cmd);
    send_buffer = (uint8_t *) malloc(data_sz + sizeof(kismet_external_frame_t));

    if (send_buffer == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Unable to allocate the buffer for writing a packet");
        free(cmd.command);
        free(data);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Map to the tx frame */
    frame = (kismet_external_frame_t *) send_buffer;

    /* Set the signature and data size */
    frame->signature = htonl(KIS_EXTERNAL_PROTO_SIG);
    frame->data_sz = htonl(data_sz);

    /* Serialize into the data payload of the frame */
    kismet_external__command__pack(&cmd, frame->data);

    /* Checksum the data payload */
    calc_checksum = adler32_csum(frame->data, data_sz);

    frame->data_checksum = htonl(calc_checksum);

    /* Send the whole frame */
    r = cf_send_raw_bytes(caph, send_buffer, data_sz + sizeof(kismet_external_frame_t));

    free(send_buffer);
    free(data);
    free(cmd.command);

    return r;
}

int cf_send_message(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, const char *msg, unsigned int flags) {
    KismetExternal__MsgbusMessage kemsg;
    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t len;

    kismet_external__msgbus_message__init(&kemsg);

    kemsg.msgtext = strdup(msg);
    kemsg.msgtype = (KismetExternal__MsgbusMessage__MessageType) flags;

    len = kismet_external__msgbus_message__get_packed_size(&kemsg);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        free(kemsg.msgtext);
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_external__msgbus_message__pack(&kemsg, buf);

    free(kemsg.msgtext);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "MESSAGE", buf, len);
}

int cf_send_warning(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, const char *warning) {
    KismetDatasource__WarningReport kewarning;
    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t len;

    kismet_datasource__warning_report__init(&kewarning);

    kewarning.warning = strdup(warning);

    len = kismet_datasource__warning_report__get_packed_size(&kewarning);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        free(kewarning.warning);
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_datasource__warning_report__pack(&kewarning, buf);

    free(kewarning.warning);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "KDSWARNINGREPORT", buf, len);
}

int cf_send_error(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, uint32_t in_seqno, const char *msg) {
    KismetDatasource__ErrorReport keerror;
    KismetDatasource__SubSuccess kesuccess;
    KismetExternal__MsgbusMessage kemsg;

    kismet_datasource__error_report__init(&keerror);
    kismet_datasource__sub_success__init(&kesuccess);
    kismet_external__msgbus_message__init(&kemsg);

    kesuccess.success = false;
    kesuccess.seqno = in_seqno;

    kemsg.msgtext = strdup(msg);
    kemsg.msgtype = MSGFLAG_ERROR;

    keerror.success = &kesuccess;
    keerror.message = &kemsg;

    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t len;

    len = kismet_datasource__error_report__get_packed_size(&keerror);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        free(kemsg.msgtext);
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_datasource__error_report__pack(&keerror, buf);

    free(kemsg.msgtext);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "KDSERRORREPORT", buf, len);
}

int cf_send_listresp(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, uint32_t seq, unsigned int success,
        const char *msg, cf_params_list_interface_t **interfaces, size_t len) {
    KismetDatasource__InterfacesReport keinterfaces;
    KismetDatasource__SubSuccess kesuccess;
    KismetExternal__MsgbusMessage kemsg;
    KismetDatasource__SubInterface **kesubinterfaces = NULL;

    kismet_datasource__interfaces_report__init(&keinterfaces);
    kismet_datasource__sub_success__init(&kesuccess);
    kismet_external__msgbus_message__init(&kemsg);

    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t buf_len;

    size_t i;

    bool fault = false;

    if (len > 0) {
        kesubinterfaces = 
            (KismetDatasource__SubInterface **) malloc(sizeof(KismetDatasource__SubInterface *) * len);

        if (kesubinterfaces == NULL) {
            return -1;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            kesubinterfaces[i] = 
                (KismetDatasource__SubInterface *) malloc(sizeof(KismetDatasource__SubInterface));

            if (kesubinterfaces[i] == NULL) {
                fault = true;
                break;
            }

            kismet_datasource__sub_interface__init(kesubinterfaces[i]);
           
            /* Use the allocated data; we don't need to free it ourselves */
            kesubinterfaces[i]->interface = interfaces[i]->interface;
            kesubinterfaces[i]->flags = interfaces[i]->flags;
            kesubinterfaces[i]->hardware = interfaces[i]->hardware;
        }

        if (fault) {
            for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                if (kesubinterfaces[i] == NULL)
                    break;

                free(kesubinterfaces[i]);
            }

            free(kesubinterfaces);

            return -1;
        }

        keinterfaces.n_interfaces = len;
        keinterfaces.interfaces = kesubinterfaces;
    }

    if (msg != NULL) {
        kemsg.msgtext = strdup(msg);

        if (success)
            kemsg.msgtype = MSGFLAG_INFO;
        else
            kemsg.msgtype = MSGFLAG_ERROR;

        keinterfaces.message = &kemsg;
    }

    kesuccess.success = success;
    kesuccess.seqno = seq;
    keinterfaces.success = &kesuccess;

    buf_len = kismet_datasource__interfaces_report__get_packed_size(&keinterfaces);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(buf_len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        free(kemsg.msgtext);
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_datasource__interfaces_report__pack(&keinterfaces, buf);

    if (msg)
        free(kemsg.msgtext);

    /* We don't need to get rid of the contents of these, they're sharing memory
     * with the interface report coming in */
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        if (kesubinterfaces[i] == NULL)
            break;

        free(kesubinterfaces[i]);
    }

    free(kesubinterfaces);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "KDSINTERFACESREPORT", buf, buf_len);
}

int cf_send_proberesp(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, uint32_t seq, 
        unsigned int success, const char *msg, 
        cf_params_interface_t *interface, cf_params_spectrum_t *spectrum) {

    KismetDatasource__ProbeSourceReport keprobe;
    KismetDatasource__SubSuccess kesuccess;
    KismetExternal__MsgbusMessage kemsg;
    KismetDatasource__SubChannels kechannels;
    KismetDatasource__SubChanset kechanset;
    KismetDatasource__SubSpecset kespecset;

    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t buf_len;
    

    kismet_datasource__probe_source_report__init(&keprobe);
    kismet_datasource__sub_success__init(&kesuccess);
    kismet_external__msgbus_message__init(&kemsg);
    kismet_datasource__sub_channels__init(&kechannels);
    kismet_datasource__sub_chanset__init(&kechanset);
    kismet_datasource__sub_specset__init(&kespecset);

    /* Always set the success */
    kesuccess.success = success;
    kesuccess.seqno = seq;

    keprobe.success = &kesuccess;

    if (interface != NULL) {
        if (interface->chanset != NULL) {
            kechanset.channel = interface->chanset;
            keprobe.channel = &kechanset;
        }

        if (interface->channels_len != 0) {
            kechannels.n_channels = interface->channels_len;
            kechannels.channels = interface->channels;
            keprobe.channels = &kechannels;
        }

        if (interface->hardware != NULL) {
            keprobe.hardware = interface->hardware;
        }

        if (spectrum != NULL) {
            kespecset.has_start_mhz = true;
            kespecset.start_mhz = spectrum->start_mhz;

            kespecset.has_end_mhz = true;
            kespecset.end_mhz = spectrum->end_mhz;

            kespecset.has_samples_per_bucket = true;
            kespecset.samples_per_bucket = spectrum->samples_per_freq;

            kespecset.has_bucket_width_hz = true;
            kespecset.bucket_width_hz = spectrum->bin_width;

            kespecset.has_enable_amp = true;
            kespecset.enable_amp = spectrum->amp;

            kespecset.has_if_amp = true;
            kespecset.if_amp = spectrum->if_amp;

            kespecset.has_baseband_amp = true;
            kespecset.baseband_amp = spectrum->baseband_amp;

            keprobe.spectrum = &kespecset;
        }
    }

    buf_len = kismet_datasource__probe_source_report__get_packed_size(&keprobe);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(buf_len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        if (msg)
            free(kemsg.msgtext);
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_datasource__probe_source_report__pack(&keprobe, buf);

    if (msg)
        free(kemsg.msgtext);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "KDSPROBESOURCEREPORT", buf, buf_len);
}

int cf_send_openresp(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, uint32_t seq, unsigned int success,
        const char *msg, uint32_t dlt, const char *uuid, 
        cf_params_interface_t *interface, cf_params_spectrum_t *spectrum) {

    KismetDatasource__OpenSourceReport keopen;
    KismetDatasource__SubSuccess kesuccess;
    KismetExternal__MsgbusMessage kemsg;
    KismetDatasource__SubChannels kechannels;
    KismetDatasource__SubChanset kechanset;
    KismetDatasource__SubSpecset kespecset;
    KismetDatasource__SubChanhop kechanhop;

    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t buf_len;
    

    kismet_datasource__open_source_report__init(&keopen);
    kismet_datasource__sub_success__init(&kesuccess);
    kismet_external__msgbus_message__init(&kemsg);
    kismet_datasource__sub_channels__init(&kechannels);
    kismet_datasource__sub_chanset__init(&kechanset);
    kismet_datasource__sub_specset__init(&kespecset);
    kismet_datasource__sub_chanhop__init(&kechanhop);

    /* Always set the success */
    kesuccess.success = success;
    kesuccess.seqno = seq;

    keopen.success = &kesuccess;

    if (interface != NULL) {
        if (interface->chanset != NULL) {
            kechanset.channel = interface->chanset;
            keopen.channel = &kechanset;
        }

        if (interface->channels_len != 0) {
            kechannels.n_channels = interface->channels_len;
            kechannels.channels = interface->channels;
            keopen.channels = &kechannels;
        }

        /* Set the hopping parameters */
        if (caph->hopping_running > 0) {
            /* we don't have to copy the hop list we just use the same pointers */
            kechanhop.channels = caph->channel_hop_list;
            kechanhop.n_channels = caph->channel_hop_list_sz;

            kechanhop.has_rate = true;
            kechanhop.rate = caph->channel_hop_rate;

            kechanhop.has_shuffle = true;
            kechanhop.shuffle = caph->channel_hop_shuffle;

            kechanhop.has_shuffle_skip = true;
            kechanhop.shuffle_skip = caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing;

            kechanhop.has_offset = true;
            kechanhop.offset = caph->channel_hop_offset;

            keopen.hop_config = &kechanhop;
        }

        if (interface->hardware != NULL) {
            keopen.hardware = interface->hardware;
        }

        if (spectrum != NULL) {
            kespecset.has_start_mhz = true;
            kespecset.start_mhz = spectrum->start_mhz;

            kespecset.has_end_mhz = true;
            kespecset.end_mhz = spectrum->end_mhz;

            kespecset.has_samples_per_bucket = true;
            kespecset.samples_per_bucket = spectrum->samples_per_freq;

            kespecset.has_bucket_width_hz = true;
            kespecset.bucket_width_hz = spectrum->bin_width;

            kespecset.has_enable_amp = true;
            kespecset.enable_amp = spectrum->amp;

            kespecset.has_if_amp = true;
            kespecset.if_amp = spectrum->if_amp;

            kespecset.has_baseband_amp = true;
            kespecset.baseband_amp = spectrum->baseband_amp;

            keopen.spectrum = &kespecset;
        }

        /* Set the capif if we have it */
        keopen.capture_interface = interface->capif;
    }

    /* Always set the dlt */
    keopen.has_dlt = true;
    keopen.dlt = dlt;

    /* Set the UUID? */
    if (uuid != NULL) {
        keopen.uuid = strdup(uuid);
    }

    buf_len = kismet_datasource__open_source_report__get_packed_size(&keopen);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(buf_len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        if (msg != NULL)
            free(kemsg.msgtext);
        if (uuid != NULL)
            free(keopen.uuid);
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_datasource__open_source_report__pack(&keopen, buf);

    if (msg != NULL)
        free(kemsg.msgtext);
    if (uuid != NULL)
        free(keopen.uuid);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "KDSOPENSOURCEREPORT", buf, buf_len);
}

int cf_send_data(kis_capture_handler_t *caph,
        KismetExternal__MsgbusMessage *kv_message,
        KismetDatasource__SubSignal *kv_signal,
        KismetDatasource__SubGps *kv_gps,
        struct timeval ts, uint32_t dlt, uint32_t packet_sz, uint8_t *pack) {

    KismetDatasource__DataReport kedata;
    KismetDatasource__SubPacket kepkt;
    KismetDatasource__SubGps kegps;

    kismet_datasource__data_report__init(&kedata);
    kismet_datasource__sub_packet__init(&kepkt);
    kismet_datasource__sub_gps__init(&kegps);

    kedata.signal = kv_signal;
    kedata.message = kv_message;

    if (kv_gps != NULL) {
        kedata.gps = kv_gps;
    } else if (caph->gps_fixed_lat != 0) {
        struct timeval tv;

        kegps.lat = caph->gps_fixed_lat;
        kegps.lon = caph->gps_fixed_lon;
        kegps.alt = caph->gps_fixed_alt;
        kegps.fix = 3;

        gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
        kegps.time_sec = tv.tv_sec;
        kegps.time_usec = tv.tv_usec;

        kegps.type = strdup("remote-fixed");

        if (caph->gps_name != NULL)
            kegps.name = strdup(caph->gps_name);
        else
            kegps.name = strdup("remote-fixed");

        kedata.gps = &kegps;
    }

    if (packet_sz > 0 && pack != NULL) {
        kepkt.time_sec = ts.tv_sec;
        kepkt.time_usec = ts.tv_usec;
        kepkt.dlt = dlt;
        kepkt.size = packet_sz;
        kepkt.data.len = packet_sz;
        kepkt.data.data = pack;

        kedata.packet = &kepkt;
    }

    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t buf_len;

    buf_len = kismet_datasource__data_report__get_packed_size(&kedata);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(buf_len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_datasource__data_report__pack(&kedata, buf);

    if (kegps.name != NULL)
        free(kegps.name);
    if (kegps.type != NULL)
        free(kegps.type);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "KDSDATAREPORT", buf, buf_len);
}


int cf_send_configresp(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, unsigned int seqno, 
        unsigned int success, const char *msg, const char *warning) {

    KismetDatasource__ConfigureReport keconf;
    KismetDatasource__SubSuccess kesuccess;
    KismetExternal__MsgbusMessage kemsg;
    KismetDatasource__SubChanset kechanset;
    KismetDatasource__SubChanhop kechanhop;

    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t buf_len;
    

    kismet_datasource__configure_report__init(&keconf);
    kismet_datasource__sub_success__init(&kesuccess);
    kismet_external__msgbus_message__init(&kemsg);
    kismet_datasource__sub_chanset__init(&kechanset);
    kismet_datasource__sub_chanhop__init(&kechanhop);

    /* Always set the success */
    kesuccess.success = success;
    kesuccess.seqno = seqno;

    keconf.success = &kesuccess;

    /* If we're not hopping, set the single channel response */
    if (!caph->hopping_running && caph->channel != NULL) {
        /* Set the single channel */
        kechanset.channel = caph->channel;
        keconf.channel = &kechanset;
    }

    /* Set the hopping parameters */
    /* we don't have to copy the hop list we just use the same pointers */
    kechanhop.channels = caph->channel_hop_list;
    kechanhop.n_channels = caph->channel_hop_list_sz;

    kechanhop.has_rate = true;
    kechanhop.rate = caph->channel_hop_rate;

    kechanhop.has_shuffle = true;
    kechanhop.shuffle = caph->channel_hop_shuffle;

    kechanhop.has_shuffle_skip = true;
    kechanhop.shuffle_skip = caph->channel_hop_shuffle_spacing;

    kechanhop.has_offset = true;
    kechanhop.offset = caph->channel_hop_offset;

    keconf.hopping = &kechanhop;

    buf_len = kismet_datasource__configure_report__get_packed_size(&keconf);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(buf_len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        if (msg)
            free(kemsg.msgtext);
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_datasource__configure_report__pack(&keconf, buf);

    if (msg)
        free(kemsg.msgtext);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "KDSCONFIGUREREPORT", buf, buf_len);
}

int cf_send_newsource(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, const char *uuid) {
    KismetDatasource__NewSource kesrc;

    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t buf_len;
    

    kismet_datasource__new_source__init(&kesrc);

    kesrc.definition = caph->cli_sourcedef;
    kesrc.sourcetype = caph->capsource_type;
    if (uuid != NULL)
        kesrc.uuid = strdup(uuid);

    buf_len = kismet_datasource__new_source__get_packed_size(&kesrc);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(buf_len);

    if (buf == NULL) {
        if (uuid != NULL)
            free(kesrc.uuid);
        return -1;
    }

    kismet_datasource__new_source__pack(&kesrc, buf);

    if (uuid != NULL)
        free(kesrc.uuid);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "KDSNEWSOURCE", buf, buf_len);
}

int cf_send_pong(kis_capture_handler_t *caph, uint32_t in_seqno) {
    KismetExternal__Pong pong;

    uint8_t *buf;
    size_t buf_len;
    

    kismet_external__pong__init(&pong);
    pong.ping_seqno = in_seqno;

    buf_len = kismet_external__pong__get_packed_size(&pong);
    buf = (uint8_t *) malloc(buf_len);

    kismet_external__pong__pack(&pong, buf);

    return cf_send_packet(caph, "PONG", buf, buf_len);
}

double cf_parse_frequency(const char *freq) {
    char *ufreq;
    unsigned int i;
    double v = 0;

    if (freq == NULL)
        return 0;

    if (strlen(freq) == 0)
        return 0;

    /* Make a buffer at least as big as the total string to hold the frequency component */
    ufreq = (char *) malloc(strlen(freq));

    i = sscanf(freq, "%lf%s", &v, ufreq);

    if (i == 1 || strlen(ufreq) == 0) {
        /* Did we parse a single number or a scientific notation? */
        /* Assume it's in hz */
        v = v / 1000;
    } else if (i == 2) {
        /* hz */
        if (ufreq[0] == 'h' || ufreq[0] == 'H') {
            v = v / 1000;
        } else if (ufreq[0] == 'm' || ufreq[0] == 'M') {
            v = v * 1000;
        } else if (ufreq[0] == 'g' || ufreq[0] == 'G') {
            v = v * 1000 * 1000;
        }
    }

    free(ufreq);
    return v;
}

int cf_drop_most_caps(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    /* Modeled on the Wireshark Dumpcap priv dropping
     *
     * Restricts the capabilities of the process to only NET_ADMIN and NET_RAW and
     * strips capabilities for anything else; almost all capture sources which run as 
     * root will need these, but shouldn't have free reign of the system.
     *
     */

    char errstr[STATUS_MAX];
#ifdef HAVE_CAPABILITY
	cap_value_t cap_list[2] = { CAP_NET_ADMIN, CAP_NET_RAW };
	int cl_len = sizeof(cap_list) / sizeof(cap_value_t);
	cap_t caps = cap_init(); 

	if (prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS, 1, 0, 0, 0) == -1) {
        snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "datasource failed to set keepcaps in prctl: %s",
                strerror(errno));
        cf_send_warning(caph, errstr);
        cap_free(caps);
        return -1;
	}

	cap_set_flag(caps, CAP_PERMITTED, cl_len, cap_list, CAP_SET);
	cap_set_flag(caps, CAP_INHERITABLE, cl_len, cap_list, CAP_SET);

	if (cap_set_proc(caps)) {
        snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "datasource failed to set future process "
                "capabilities: %s", strerror(errno));
        cf_send_warning(caph, errstr);
        cap_free(caps);
        return -1;
	}

	cap_set_flag(caps, CAP_EFFECTIVE, cl_len, cap_list, CAP_SET);
	if (cap_set_proc(caps)) {
        snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "datasource failed to set effective capabilities: %s",
                strerror(errno));
        cf_send_warning(caph, errstr);
        cap_free(caps);
        return -1;
    }

	cap_free(caps);

    return 1;
#else
    snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "datasource not compiled with libcap capabilities control");
    cf_send_warning(caph, errstr);
    return 0;
#endif
}

int cf_jail_filesystem(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    char errstr[STATUS_MAX];
#ifdef SYS_LINUX

    /* Eject ourselves from the namespace into a new temporary one */
    if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS) < 0) {
        /* Only send warning if we're running as root */
        if (geteuid() == 0) {
            snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "datasource failed to jail to new namespace: %s",
                    strerror(errno));
            cf_send_warning(caph, errstr);
            return -1;
        }

        return 0;
    }

    /* Remount / as a read-only bind-mount of itself over our rootfs */
    if (mount("/", "/", "bind", MS_BIND | MS_REMOUNT | MS_PRIVATE | 
                MS_REC | MS_RDONLY, NULL) < 0) {
        /* Only send warning if we're running as root */
        if (geteuid() == 0) {
            snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "datasource failed to remount root in jail as RO: %s",
                    strerror(errno));
            cf_send_warning(caph, errstr);
            return -1;
        }

        return 0;
    }

    return 1;
#else
    snprintf(errstr, STATUS_MAX, "datasource framework can only jail namespaces on Linux");
    cf_send_warning(caph, errstr);
    return 0;
#endif
}

void cf_handler_remote_capture(kis_capture_handler_t *caph) {
    pid_t chpid;
    int status;

    /* If we're going into daemon mode, fork-exec and drop out here */
    if (caph->daemonize) {
        int pid = fork();

        if (pid < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "FATAL:  Unable to fork child process: %s\n",
                    strerror(errno));
            cf_handler_free(caph);
            exit(1);
        } else if (pid > 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "INFO: Entering daemon mode...\n");
            cf_handler_free(caph);
            exit(0);
        }
    }

    /* Don't enter remote loop at all if we're not doing a remote connection */
    if (caph->remote_host == NULL)
        return;

    while (1) {
        if ((chpid = fork()) > 0) {
            while (1) {
                pid_t wpid;

                wpid = wait(&status);

                if (wpid == chpid) {
                    if (WIFEXITED(status) || WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "INFO: capture process exited %d signal %d\n", 
                                WEXITSTATUS(status), WTERMSIG(status));
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            /* Initiate a TCP connection, fail if we can't establish it */
            if (cf_handler_remote_connect(caph) < 1) {
                exit(1);
            }

            /* Exit so main loop continues */
            return;
        }

        /* Don't keep going if we're not retrying */
        if (caph->remote_retry == 0) {
            exit(1);
        }

        fprintf(stderr, "INFO - Sleeping 5 seconds before attempting to reconnect to "
                "remote server\n");
        sleep(5);
    }
}