This page describes the support for Compatible Microcontrollers in QMK.
If you have not yet you should read the Keyboard Guidelines to get a sense of how keyboards fit into QMK.
QMK has a number of features to simplify working with keyboards. For most, you don't have to write a single line of code. To get started, run qmk new-keyboard:
$ qmk new-keyboard
Ψ Generating a new QMK keyboard directory
Name Your Keyboard Project
For more infomation, see:
https://docs.qmk.fm/hardware_keyboard_guidelines#naming-your-keyboardproject
keyboard Name? mycoolkeeb
Attribution
Used for maintainer, copyright, etc
Your GitHub Username? [jsmith]
More Attribution
Used for maintainer, copyright, etc
Your Real Name? [John Smith]
Pick Base Layout
As a starting point, one of the common layouts can be used to bootstrap the process
Default Layout?
1. 60_ansi
...
50. tkl_iso
51. none of the above
Please enter your choice: [51]
What Powers Your Project
For more infomation, see:
https://docs.qmk.fm/#/compatible_microcontrollers
MCU?
1. atmega32u4
...
22. STM32F303
Please enter your choice: [12]
Ψ Created a new keyboard called mycoolkeeb.
Ψ To start working on things, `cd` into keyboards/mycoolkeeb,
Ψ or open the directory in your preferred text editor.
Ψ And build with qmk compile -kb mycoolkeeb -km default.
This will create all the files needed to support your new keyboard, and populate the settings with default values. Now you just need to customize it for your keyboard.
This is where you'll describe your keyboard. Please follow the Keyboard Readme Template when writing your readme.md. You're encouraged to place an image at the top of your readme.md, please use an external service such as Imgur to host the images.
The info.json file is where you configure the hardware and feature set for your keyboard. There are a lot of options that can be placed in that file, too many to list here. For a complete overview of available options see the Data Driven Configuration Options page.
At the top of the info.json you'll find USB related settings. These control how your keyboard appears to the Operating System. If you don't have a good reason to change you should leave the usb.vid as 0xFEED. For the usb.pid you should pick a number that is not yet in use.
Do change the manufacturer and keyboard_name lines to accurately reflect your keyboard.
"keyboard_name": "my_awesome_keyboard",
"maintainer": "You",
"usb": {
"vid": "0xFEED",
"pid": "0x0000",
"device_version": "1.0.0"
},::: tip
Windows and macOS will display the manufacturer and keyboard_name in the list of USB devices. lsusb on Linux instead prefers the values in the list maintained by the USB ID Repository. By default, it will only use manufacturer and keyboard_name if the list does not contain that usb.vid / usb.pid. sudo lsusb -v will show the values reported by the device, and they are also present in kernel logs after plugging it in.
:::
The next section of the info file deals with your keyboard's matrix. The first thing you should define is which pins on your MCU are connected to rows and columns. To do so simply specify the names of those pins:
"matrix_pins": {
"cols": ["C1", "C2", "C3", "C4"],
"rows": ["D1", "D2", "D3", "D4"]
},The size of the matrix_pins.cols and matrix_pins.rows arrays infer the size of the matrix (previously MATRIX_ROWS and MATRIX_COLS).
Finally, you can specify the direction your diodes point. This can be COL2ROW or ROW2COL.
"diode_direction": "ROW2COL",To configure a keyboard where each switch is connected to a separate pin and ground instead of sharing row and column pins, use matrix_pins.direct. The mapping defines the pins of each switch in rows and columns, from left to right. The size of the matrix_pins.direct array infers the size of the matrix. Use NO_PIN to fill in blank spaces. Overrides the behaviour of diode_direction, matrix_pins.cols and matrix_pins.rows.
"matrix_pins": {
"direct": [
["F1", "E6", "B0", "B2", "B3" ],
["F5", "F0", "B1", "B7", "D2" ],
["F6", "F7", "C7", "D5", "D3" ],
["B5", "C6", "B6", "NO_PIN", "NO_PIN"]
]
},Next is configuring Layout Macro(s). These define the physical arrangement of keys, and its position within the matrix that a switch are connected to. This allows you to have a physical arrangement of keys that differs from the wiring matrix.
"layouts": {
"LAYOUT_ortho_4x4": {
"layout": [
{ "matrix": [0, 0], "x": 0, "y": 0 },
{ "matrix": [0, 1], "x": 1, "y": 0 },
{ "matrix": [0, 2], "x": 2, "y": 0 },
{ "matrix": [0, 3], "x": 3, "y": 0 },
{ "matrix": [1, 0], "x": 0, "y": 1 },
{ "matrix": [1, 1], "x": 1, "y": 1 },
{ "matrix": [1, 2], "x": 2, "y": 1 },
{ "matrix": [1, 3], "x": 3, "y": 1 },
{ "matrix": [2, 0], "x": 0, "y": 2 },
{ "matrix": [2, 1], "x": 1, "y": 2 },
{ "matrix": [2, 2], "x": 2, "y": 2 },
{ "matrix": [2, 3], "x": 3, "y": 2 },
{ "matrix": [3, 0], "x": 0, "y": 3 },
{ "matrix": [3, 1], "x": 1, "y": 3 },
{ "matrix": [3, 2], "x": 2, "y": 3 },
{ "matrix": [3, 3], "x": 3, "y": 3 }
]
}
}
In the above example,
LAYOUT_ortho_4x4defines the name of the layout macro- It must conform to the layout guidelines
"matrix": [0, 0]defines the electrical position
::: tip See also: Split Keyboard Layout Macro and Matrix to Physical Layout. :::
There are a lot of features that can be turned on or off, configured or tuned. Some of these have yet to be migrated over to Data Driven Configuration. The following sections cover the process for when an info.json option is unavailable.
For available options for config.h, you should see the Config Options page for more details.
For available options for rules.mk, see the Config Options page for a detailed list and description.