diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/accept.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/accept.py
index d0e3b52478d81..99a9a75d5fc63 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/accept.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/accept.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ def accept_params(model: type[BaseModel], args: list, *, exclude_unset=False, ex
     :param model: `BaseModel` that defines method args.
     :param args: a list of method args.
     :param exclude_unset: if true, will not append default parameters to the list.
-    :param expose_secrets: if false, will replace `Private` parameters with a placeholder.
+    :param expose_secrets: if false, will replace `Secret` parameters with a placeholder.
     :return: a validated list of method args.
     """
     args_as_dict = model_dict_from_list(model, args)
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def validate_model(model: type[BaseModel], data: dict, *, exclude_unset=False, e
     :param model: `BaseModel` subclass.
     :param data: provided data.
     :param exclude_unset: if true, will not add default values.
-    :param expose_secrets: if false, will replace `Private` fields with a placeholder.
+    :param expose_secrets: if false, will replace `Secret` fields with a placeholder.
     :return: validated data.
     """
     try:
@@ -83,5 +83,5 @@ def validate_model(model: type[BaseModel], data: dict, *, exclude_unset=False, e
         context={"expose_secrets": expose_secrets},
         exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
         warnings=False,
-        by_alias=True
+        by_alias=True,
     )
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/dump_params.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/dump_params.py
index 85dd0491c9c05..4c11a6e660f10 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/dump_params.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/dump_params.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ def dump_params(model: type[BaseModel], args: list, expose_secrets: bool) -> lis
 
     :param model: `BaseModel` that defines method args.
     :param args: a list of method args.
-    :param expose_secrets: if false, will replace `Private` parameters with a placeholder.
+    :param expose_secrets: if false, will replace `Secret` parameters with a placeholder.
     :return: A list of method call arguments ready to be printed.
     """
     try:
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ def dump_params(model: type[BaseModel], args: list, expose_secrets: bool) -> lis
 
 def remove_secrets(model: type[BaseModel], value):
     """
-    Removes `Private` values from a model value.
+    Removes `Secret` values from a model value.
     :param model: `BaseModel` that corresponds to `value`.
-    :param value: value that potentially contains `Private` data.
-    :return: `value` with `Private` parameters replaced with a placeholder.
+    :param value: value that potentially contains `Secret` data.
+    :return: `value` with `Secret` parameters replaced with a placeholder.
     """
     if isinstance(value, dict) and (nested_model := model_field_is_model(model)):
         return {
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/result.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/result.py
index 862e68bd992f5..27015f91fa3f9 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/result.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/result.py
@@ -2,6 +2,14 @@
 
 
 def serialize_result(model, result, expose_secrets):
+    """
+    Serializes a `result` of the method execution using the corresponding `model`.
+
+    :param model: `BaseModel` that defines method return value.
+    :param result: method return value.
+    :param expose_secrets: if false, will replace `Secret` parameters with a placeholder.
+    :return: serialized method execution result.
+    """
     return model(result=result).model_dump(
         context={"expose_secrets": expose_secrets},
         warnings=False,
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/version.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/version.py
index c17a3b0c37767..0b7e692013b4a 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/version.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/handler/version.py
@@ -84,6 +84,12 @@ def adapt(self, value: dict, model_name: str, version1: str, version2: str) -> d
         :param version2: target API version that needs `value`
         :return: converted value
         """
+        return self.adapt_model(value, model_name, version1, version2)[1]
+
+    def adapt_model(self, value: dict, model_name: str, version1: str, version2: str) -> tuple[type[BaseModel], dict]:
+        """
+        Same as `adapt`, but returned value will be a tuple of `version2` model instance and converted value.
+        """
         try:
             version1_index = self.versions_history.index(version1)
         except ValueError:
@@ -101,6 +107,7 @@ def adapt(self, value: dict, model_name: str, version1: str, version2: str) -> d
             raise APIVersionDoesNotContainModelException(current_version.version, model_name)
 
         value_factory = functools.partial(validate_model, current_version_model, value)
+        model = current_version_model
 
         if version1_index < version2_index:
             step = 1
@@ -115,10 +122,11 @@ def adapt(self, value: dict, model_name: str, version1: str, version2: str) -> d
             value_factory = functools.partial(
                 self._adapt_model, value_factory, model_name, current_version, new_version, direction,
             )
+            model = new_version.models.get(model_name)
 
             current_version = new_version
 
-        return value_factory()
+        return model, value_factory()
 
     def _adapt_model(self, value_factory: Callable[[], dict], model_name: str, current_version: APIVersion,
                      new_version: APIVersion, direction: Direction):
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/server/legacy_api_method.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/server/legacy_api_method.py
index c0df80cd4146b..ec01a31da370c 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/server/legacy_api_method.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/server/legacy_api_method.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def __init__(self, middleware: "Middleware", name: str, api_version: str, adapte
         methodobj = self.methodobj
         if crud_methodobj := real_crud_method(methodobj):
             methodobj = crud_methodobj
-        if hasattr(methodobj, "new_style_accepts"):
+        if hasattr(methodobj, "new_style_accepts"):  # FIXME: Remove this check when all models become new style
             self.accepts_model = methodobj.new_style_accepts
             self.returns_model = methodobj.new_style_returns
         else:
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ def __init__(self, middleware: "Middleware", name: str, api_version: str, adapte
             self.returns_model = None
 
     async def call(self, app: "RpcWebSocketApp", params):
-        if self.accepts_model:
-            return self._adapt_result(await super().call(app, self._adapt_params(params)))
+        if self.accepts_model:  # FIXME: Remove this check when all models become new style
+            params = self._adapt_params(params)
 
         return await super().call(app, params)
 
@@ -70,22 +70,28 @@ def _adapt_params(self, params):
 
         return [adapted_params_dict[field] for field in self.accepts_model.model_fields]
 
-    def _adapt_result(self, result):
-        try:
-            return self.adapter.adapt(
-                {"result": result},
-                self.returns_model.__name__,
-                self.adapter.current_version,
-                self.api_version,
-            )["result"]
-        except APIVersionDoesNotContainModelException:
-            if self.passthrough_nonexistent_methods:
-                return result
+    def _dump_result(self, app: "RpcWebSocketApp", methodobj, result):
+        if self.accepts_model:  # FIXME: Remove this check when all models become new style
+            try:
+                model, result = self.adapter.adapt_model(
+                    {"result": result},
+                    self.returns_model.__name__,
+                    self.adapter.current_version,
+                    self.api_version,
+                )
+            except APIVersionDoesNotContainModelException:
+                if self.passthrough_nonexistent_methods:
+                    return super()._dump_result(app, methodobj, result)
+
+                raise
+
+            return self.middleware.dump_result(self.serviceobj, methodobj, app, result["result"],
+                                               new_style_returns_model=model)
 
-            raise
+        return super()._dump_result(app, methodobj, result)
 
     def dump_args(self, params):
-        if self.accepts_model:
+        if self.accepts_model:  # FIXME: Remove this check when all models become new style
             return dump_params(self.accepts_model, params, False)
 
         return super().dump_args(params)
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/server/method.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/server/method.py
index ebdd9b92b0ecc..53e344a3b29d1 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/server/method.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/server/method.py
@@ -39,13 +39,17 @@ async def call(self, app: "RpcWebSocketApp", params: list):
 
         result = await self.middleware.call_with_audit(self.name, self.serviceobj, methodobj, params, app)
         if isinstance(result, Job):
-            result = result.id
-        elif isinstance(result, types.GeneratorType):
+            return result.id
+
+        if isinstance(result, types.GeneratorType):
             result = list(result)
         elif isinstance(result, types.AsyncGeneratorType):
             result = [i async for i in result]
 
-        return result
+        return self._dump_result(app, methodobj, result)
+
+    def _dump_result(self, app: "RpcWebSocketApp", methodobj, result):
+        return self.middleware.dump_result(self.serviceobj, methodobj, app, result)
 
     def dump_args(self, params: list) -> list:
         """
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/types/base/string.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/types/base/string.py
index c0204d50ea2a4..827d263e6c984 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/types/base/string.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/base/types/base/string.py
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def __get_pydantic_core_schema__(
 LongString = Annotated[
     LongStringWrapper,
     BeforeValidator(LongStringWrapper),
-    PlainSerializer(lambda x: undefined if x == undefined else x.value),
+    PlainSerializer(lambda x: x.value if isinstance(x, LongStringWrapper) else x),
 ]
 
 NonEmptyString = Annotated[str, Field(min_length=1)]
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/v25_04_0/cloud_backup.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/v25_04_0/cloud_backup.py
index a5f80b22662f9..d67155c15db40 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/v25_04_0/cloud_backup.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/api/v25_04_0/cloud_backup.py
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ class CloudBackupCreate(BaseModel):
     pre_script: LongString = ""
     post_script: LongString = ""
     snapshot: bool = False
-    include: list[NonEmptyString]
-    exclude: list[NonEmptyString]
+    include: list[NonEmptyString] = []
+    exclude: list[NonEmptyString] = []
     args: LongString = ""
     enabled: bool = True
 
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/main.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/main.py
index 4d8e18077fa58..8b323caa528df 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/main.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/main.py
@@ -212,7 +212,9 @@ async def call_method(self, message, serviceobj, methodobj):
                 result = [i async for i in result]
             else:
                 if lam.returns_model:
-                    result = lam._adapt_result(result)
+                    result = lam._dump_result(self, methodobj, result)
+                else:
+                    result = self.middleware.dump_result(serviceobj, methodobj, self, result)
 
             self._send({
                 'id': message['id'],
@@ -1510,22 +1512,37 @@ def dump_args(self, args, method=None, method_name=None):
         return [method.accepts[i].dump(arg) if i < len(method.accepts) else arg
                 for i, arg in enumerate(args)]
 
-    def dump_result(self, method, result, expose_secrets):
+    def dump_result(self, serviceobj, methodobj, app, result, *, new_style_returns_model=None):
+        expose_secrets = True
+        if app and app.authenticated_credentials:
+            if app.authenticated_credentials.is_user_session and not (
+                credential_has_full_admin(app.authenticated_credentials) or
+                (
+                    serviceobj._config.role_prefix and
+                    app.authenticated_credentials.has_role(f'{serviceobj._config.role_prefix}_WRITE')
+                )
+            ):
+                expose_secrets = False
+
         if isinstance(result, Job):
             return result
 
-        if method_self := getattr(method, "__self__", None):
-            if method.__name__ in ["create", "update", "delete"]:
-                if do_method := getattr(method_self, f"do_{method.__name__}", None):
+        if method_self := getattr(methodobj, "__self__", None):
+            if methodobj.__name__ in ["create", "update", "delete"]:
+                if do_method := getattr(method_self, f"do_{methodobj.__name__}", None):
                     if hasattr(do_method, "new_style_returns"):
                         # FIXME: Get rid of `create`/`do_create` duality
-                        method = do_method
+                        methodobj = do_method
+
+        if hasattr(methodobj, "new_style_returns"):
+            # FIXME: When all models become new style, this should be passed explicitly
+            if new_style_returns_model is None:
+                new_style_returns_model = methodobj.new_style_returns
 
-        if hasattr(method, "new_style_returns"):
-            return serialize_result(method.new_style_returns, result, expose_secrets)
+            return serialize_result(new_style_returns_model, result, expose_secrets)
 
-        if not expose_secrets and hasattr(method, "returns") and method.returns:
-            schema = method.returns[0]
+        if not expose_secrets and hasattr(methodobj, "returns") and methodobj.returns:
+            schema = methodobj.returns[0]
             if isinstance(schema, OROperator):
                 result = schema.dump(result, False)
             else:
@@ -1620,18 +1637,7 @@ async def job_on_finish_cb(job):
                 job = result
                 await job.set_on_finish_cb(job_on_finish_cb)
 
-            expose_secrets = True
-            if app and app.authenticated_credentials:
-                if app.authenticated_credentials.is_user_session and not (
-                    credential_has_full_admin(app.authenticated_credentials) or
-                    (
-                        serviceobj._config.role_prefix and
-                        app.authenticated_credentials.has_role(f'{serviceobj._config.role_prefix}_WRITE')
-                    )
-                ):
-                    expose_secrets = False
-
-            result = self.dump_result(methodobj, result, expose_secrets)
+            return result
         finally:
             # If the method is a job, audit message will be logged by `job_on_finish_cb`
             if job is None:
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/pytest/unit/api/base/server/test_legacy_api_method.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/pytest/unit/api/base/server/test_legacy_api_method.py
index 1873d15eafcad..f64efc67738f6 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/pytest/unit/api/base/server/test_legacy_api_method.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/pytest/unit/api/base/server/test_legacy_api_method.py
@@ -59,7 +59,3 @@ def method(number, text, multiplier):
 
 def test_adapt_params():
     assert legacy_api_method._adapt_params([1]) == [1, "Default", 2]
-
-
-def test_adapt_result():
-    assert legacy_api_method._adapt_result(1) == "1"
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/pytest/unit/api/base/types/test_base.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/pytest/unit/api/base/types/test_base.py
index 966e80d3e1f85..7d917ac56e5a5 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/pytest/unit/api/base/types/test_base.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/pytest/unit/api/base/types/test_base.py
@@ -40,3 +40,11 @@ class SecretLongStringMethodArgs(BaseModel):
 
 def test_secret_long_string():
     assert accept_params(SecretLongStringMethodArgs, ["test"]) == ["test"]
+
+
+class LongStringDefaultMethodArgs(BaseModel):
+    str: LongString = ""
+
+
+def test_long_string_default():
+    assert accept_params(LongStringDefaultMethodArgs, []) == [""]
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/restful.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/restful.py
index f908ac1cbff0b..e54846efae252 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/restful.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/restful.py
@@ -856,6 +856,7 @@ async def do(self, http_method, req, resp, app, authorized, **kwargs):
             if authorized:
                 result = await self.middleware.call_with_audit(methodname, serviceobj, methodobj, method_args,
                                                                **method_kwargs)
+                result = self.middleware.dump_result(serviceobj, methodobj, app, result)
             else:
                 await self.middleware.log_audit_message_for_method(methodname, methodobj, method_args, app,
                                                                    True, False, False)
diff --git a/src/middlewared/middlewared/service/core_service.py b/src/middlewared/middlewared/service/core_service.py
index 86ba073dd60a9..be967564f1601 100644
--- a/src/middlewared/middlewared/service/core_service.py
+++ b/src/middlewared/middlewared/service/core_service.py
@@ -804,11 +804,11 @@ async def bulk(self, app, job, method, params, description):
                 # entries for external callers to methods. app is only None
                 # on internal calls to core.bulk.
                 if app:
-                    msg = await self.middleware.call_with_audit(method, serviceobj, methodobj, p, app=app)
+                    msg = await self.middleware.call_with_audit(method, serviceobj, methodobj, p, app)
                 else:
                     msg = await self.middleware.call(method, *p)
 
-                status = {"result": msg, "error": None}
+                status = {"error": None}
 
                 if isinstance(msg, Job):
                     b_job = msg
@@ -817,6 +817,8 @@ async def bulk(self, app, job, method, params, description):
 
                     if b_job.error:
                         status["error"] = b_job.error
+                else:
+                    status["result"] = self.middleware.dump_result(serviceobj, methodobj, app, msg)
 
                 statuses.append(status)
             except Exception as e:
diff --git a/tests/api2/test_account_privilege_role_private_fields.py b/tests/api2/test_account_privilege_role_private_fields.py
index 91df0f1f3b477..40db7537c0475 100644
--- a/tests/api2/test_account_privilege_role_private_fields.py
+++ b/tests/api2/test_account_privilege_role_private_fields.py
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ def vmware():
     ("acme.dns.authenticator", dns_authenticator, {}, ["attributes"]),
     ("certificate", 1, {}, ["privatekey", "issuer"]),
     ("certificateauthority", certificateauthority, {}, ["privatekey", "issuer"]),
-    ("cloud_backup", cloudbackup, {}, ["credentials.provider", "password"]),
+    ("cloud_backup", cloudbackup, {}, ["credentials.provider.pass", "password"]),
     ("cloudsync.credentials", cloudsync_credential, {}, ["provider.pass"]),
     ("cloudsync", cloudsync, {}, ["credentials.provider", "encryption_password"]),
     ("disk", disk, {"extra": {"passwords": True}}, ["passwd"]),
diff --git a/tests/api2/test_legacy_websocket.py b/tests/api2/test_legacy_websocket.py
index 4a217021131e9..70ab9eeecdd71 100644
--- a/tests/api2/test_legacy_websocket.py
+++ b/tests/api2/test_legacy_websocket.py
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
+import random
+import string
+
 import pytest
 
 from truenas_api_client import Client
 
+from middlewared.test.integration.assets.account import unprivileged_user
 from middlewared.test.integration.assets.cloud_sync import credential
 from middlewared.test.integration.utils import password, websocket_url
 
@@ -17,7 +21,28 @@ def c():
         yield c
 
 
-def test_adapts_cloud_credentials(c):
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def unprivileged_client():
+    suffix = "".join([random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits) for _ in range(8)])
+    with unprivileged_user(
+        username=f"unprivileged_{suffix}",
+        group_name=f"unprivileged_users_{suffix}",
+        privilege_name=f"Unprivileged users ({suffix})",
+        allowlist=[],
+        roles=["READONLY_ADMIN"],
+        web_shell=False,
+    ) as t:
+        with Client(websocket_url() + "/websocket") as c:
+            c.call("auth.login_ex", {
+                "mechanism": "PASSWORD_PLAIN",
+                "username": t.username,
+                "password": t.password,
+            })
+            yield c
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def ftp_credential():
     with credential({
         "provider": {
             "type": "FTP",
@@ -27,5 +52,14 @@ def test_adapts_cloud_credentials(c):
             "pass": "",
         },
     }) as cred:
-        result = c.call("cloudsync.credentials.get_instance", cred["id"])
-        assert result["provider"] == "FTP"
+        yield cred
+
+
+def test_adapts_cloud_credentials(c, ftp_credential):
+    result = c.call("cloudsync.credentials.get_instance", ftp_credential["id"])
+    assert result["provider"] == "FTP"
+
+
+def test_adapts_cloud_credentials_for_unprivileged(unprivileged_client, ftp_credential):
+    result = unprivileged_client.call("cloudsync.credentials.get_instance", ftp_credential["id"])
+    assert result["attributes"] == "********"