A class library that compiles (converts) MML into standard MIDI files. Implementation in C++17.
- It is in a form that can be built as a command line application.
- The MML grammar does not have a fixed standard, but it is implemented to follow something like an implicit standard.
https://rlib-mml.thinkridge.jp/
It summarizes the process from MML creation to playback on the browser.
It can be compiled in a C++17 environment. The build requires boost.
We have confirmed the operation in the following environment.
- linux g++
- windows VisualStudio 2019,2022
Experimental WebAssembly support is also available.
| notation | description | example |
|---|---|---|
| a～[+-][length] | It is a note. Immediately after, press +-to raise or lower a semitone (optional). You can then specify the note length (optional). |
"f4" → It is a quarter note F. "cdefgab" → It is notes. The note length is the default value. "a-16." → dotted quarter note B♭. |
| r[length] | It is a rest. You can specify the note length immediately after it (optional). | "r16" → 16th rest. |
| ^[length] | It's Tie. You can specify the note length immediately after it (optional). Add the note length of the previous note. Same as rest if immediately preceding is not a note. |
"c4^4^4" → It is the length of three quarter notes. "c4 t50 ^4 t20 ^4" → It is the length of three quarter notes. However, the tempo is changed on the way. It is possible to write another instruction between the note and ^. |
| l[length] | This is the default note length. This value is used when the note length is omitted for notes and rests. |
"l8 cde" → This is an 8th note CDE. |
| < > |
octave up(<) and down(>). The range of one octave is 12 tones from C to B. |
"c<c>c<c" → C and C one octave higher are repeated twice. |
| o[octave] | Specify the octave. Values are -2-8. MIDI note number 60 is C3. Write "o3c" |
"o3 cde" → MIDI note number 60(C3)、62(D3)、64(E3) |
| t[tempo] | Specify the tempo. The value can be specified from 1.0 to 999.0. A small number can be written. | "t120 cde" → CDE at tempo 120. |
| @[program no] | Specify the program number (tone). Values are 0-127. | "@3 cde" → CDE atprogram number 3. |
| v[velocity] | Specifies the velocity (the strength with which you hit the keyboard on a piano). Values are 0-127. | "v123 cde" → CDE at velocity 123. |
| '[switch chord mode] | Switches to a mode where the current position is not advanced by notes. Use rests to advance the current position. Use when two or more notes are pronounced simultaneously, e.g. chords. | "l8 'cegr dfar' " → 8th note C major chord and D miner chords. |
- This is how to specify the length of the note.
| notation | description | example |
|---|---|---|
| 1～192 note notation |
Specify the value of the minute note. It is also possible to write 12th notes and 24th notes. |
"c4" → It is a quarter note C. |
| !1～!99999 Step number notation |
Specify by the number of steps. The quarter note is 480. | "c!240" → 8th note C. |
| . point notation |
It means a dotted point called a minute note. By writing more than one, it becomes the meaning of a double-dotted note (add half of the previous note length). |
"c4." → dotted quarter note C. "c4..." → note length that is the sum of quarter notes, 8th notes, 16th notes, and 32th notes. |
| + - length subtraction of numerical note length |
Adds or subtracts the note length value. | "c8+4" → note length of 8th note plus quarter note. "c32d32e1-32-32" → 32th note C and D, shortened by 2 32th notes from a whole note. "d-4" → In this case, it is a quarter note D♭. be careful. |
| notation | description | example |
|---|---|---|
| CreatePort( name:[port name], instrument:[instrument name](optional), channel:[channel number], ) |
Define (declare) the port Channel numbers are 1-16. |
"createPort(name:Piano, channel:3)" → Declare the port of MIDI channel 3 with the name "Piano". instrument specifies the name of the instrument. If omitted, the default instrument is used. |
| Port([port name]) | It is port switching | "port(Piano) cde" → CDE at Port "Piano" |
| V([volume value]) ailias: volume |
The volume. Values are 0-127. | "V(120) cde" → CDE at Volume 120. |
| Pan([pan value]) ailias: panpot |
It is pan (panpot). Values range from 0 (far left) to 127 (far right), with 64 in the center. |
"pan(0) cde" → CDE at Pan 0 (far left). |
| PitchBend([value]) | Pitch bend. Values range from -8192 (two notes down) to 8191 (two notes up), with the centre at 0. |
"PitchBend(-4096) cde Pan(0) cde" → CDE lowered by a semitone and normal CDE. |
| CC([contorl change no],[value]) ailias: ContorlChange |
Contorl change. The first argument is the control number and the first argument is the value |
"CC(0,10)CC(32,130)@2" Bank-selected programme change. |
| CreateSequence( name:[sequence name], mml:[MML], ) |
Defined Sequence(sub Sequence). Define songs (MML) as parts and call them in subsequent MMLs. |
// Defined rhythm pattern CreateSequence(name:drum, mml:" CreatePort(name:kick, channel:10) l8 o1 c^^c ^c^^ CreatePort(name:snare, channel:10) l8 o1 ^^d^ ^^d^ ") |
| Seq( [sequence name], length:[length(optional)] ) ailias Sequence |
Calls a predefined sequence (sub-sequence). | // Defined rhythmic pattern is repeated three times. // Only half-note minutes are used for the third round of the sequence. Seq(drum) Seq(drum) Seq(drum,length:2) |
| Meta( type:[event type], [data]... ) |
Meta Event. type specifies the event type. Specify data with a variable-length argument with no name. It is not necessary to describe the data length. |
// title info Meta(type:0x1,"The Lost King's Scepter") // SMPTE offset Meta(type:0x54,96,0,0,0,0) |
| DefinePresetFM( no:[program no], name:[name], [data]... ) |
Sequencer specific meta event that defines FM sound tone in rlib-MML. | DefinePresetFM(no:4,name:"piano", // AR DR SR RR SL TL KS ML DT 29, 8, 0, 8, 3, 31, 2, 1, 3, 31, 3, 1, 6, 10, 0, 0, 2, 7, 29, 20, 0, 9, 2, 44, 0, 4, 2, 31, 7, 2, 6, 6, 0, 0, 1, 5, // AL FB 4, 7, ) |
Where a string is specified, the following formats can be used.
| notation | description | example |
|---|---|---|
| ○○○ | This designation is possible in alphanumeric characters only. | abcdefg |
| "○○○" | " to " is a string. You can also use spaces and non-symbols. | "drum part" |
| R"**(○○○)**" | It can also be used for whitespace and symbols. If you are defining a sequence within a sequence, you can use ** as a unique string to deal with cases where you have a string definition within a string definition |
R"(drum)" R"ch1( mml:R"(drum)" )ch1" |
| notation | description | example |
|---|---|---|
| // ○○○ | This is a one-line comment. // After that, the comment is up to the line break. | // its comments. |
| /* ○○○ */ | It is a range comment. Comments are from / * to * /. Comments that span multiple lines are also possible. |
/* its comments. */ |