diff --git a/src/cargo/core/compiler/mod.rs b/src/cargo/core/compiler/mod.rs
index 277039685d6..9d0181bf8c4 100644
--- a/src/cargo/core/compiler/mod.rs
+++ b/src/cargo/core/compiler/mod.rs
@@ -1391,17 +1391,26 @@ fn check_cfg_args(unit: &Unit) -> Vec<OsString> {
     }
     arg_feature.push("))");
 
-    // In addition to the package features, we also include the `test` cfg (since
-    // compiler-team#785, as to be able to someday apply yt conditionaly), as well
-    // the `docsrs` cfg from the docs.rs service.
+    // In addition to the package features, we also conditionaly include the `test` cfg
+    // based on the unit target "test" field (ie `lib.test = false`, `[[bin]] test = false` and
+    // others).
     //
-    // We include `docsrs` here (in Cargo) instead of rustc, since there is a much closer
+    // We also include `docsrs` here (in Cargo) instead of rustc, since there is a much closer
     // relationship between Cargo and docs.rs than rustc and docs.rs. In particular, all
     // users of docs.rs use Cargo, but not all users of rustc (like Rust-for-Linux) use docs.rs.
+    let arg_extra = if unit.target.tested()
+        // Benchmarks default to `test = false` but most of them still use the test crate
+        // and the `#[test]` attribute, so for now always mark `test` as well known for them.
+        || unit.target.is_bench()
+    {
+        OsString::from("cfg(docsrs,test)")
+    } else {
+        OsString::from("cfg(docsrs)")
+    };
 
     vec![
         OsString::from("--check-cfg"),
-        OsString::from("cfg(docsrs,test)"),
+        arg_extra,
         OsString::from("--check-cfg"),
         arg_feature,
     ]
diff --git a/tests/testsuite/check_cfg.rs b/tests/testsuite/check_cfg.rs
index 0b3a8d45a91..3f236118d07 100644
--- a/tests/testsuite/check_cfg.rs
+++ b/tests/testsuite/check_cfg.rs
@@ -336,17 +336,18 @@ fn test_false_lib() {
         .build();
 
     p.cargo("check -v")
-        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs,test"))
+        .with_stderr_does_not_contain(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs,test"))
+        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs"))
         .run();
 
     p.cargo("clean").run();
     p.cargo("test -v")
-        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs,test"))
+        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs"))
         .run();
 
     p.cargo("clean").run();
     p.cargo("test --lib -v")
-        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs,test"))
+        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs"))
         .run();
 }
 
@@ -372,7 +373,8 @@ fn test_false_bins() {
         .build();
 
     p.cargo("check -v")
-        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs,test")) // for foo & deamon
+        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs,test")) // for foo
+        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs")) // for deamon
         .run();
 }
 
@@ -401,7 +403,8 @@ fn test_false_examples() {
         .build();
 
     p.cargo("check --examples -v")
-        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs,test"))
+        .with_stderr_does_not_contain(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs,test"))
+        .with_stderr_contains(x!("rustc" => "cfg" of "docsrs"))
         .run();
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/testsuite/test.rs b/tests/testsuite/test.rs
index 48d69526ad7..95d2c60e627 100644
--- a/tests/testsuite/test.rs
+++ b/tests/testsuite/test.rs
@@ -4191,7 +4191,19 @@ fn test_hint_workspace_virtual() {
         .file("a/src/lib.rs", "#[test] fn t1() {}")
         .file("b/Cargo.toml", &basic_manifest("b", "0.1.0"))
         .file("b/src/lib.rs", "#[test] fn t1() {assert!(false)}")
-        .file("c/Cargo.toml", &basic_manifest("c", "0.1.0"))
+        .file(
+            "c/Cargo.toml",
+            r#"
+                [package]
+                name = "c"
+                version = "0.1.0"
+                edition = "2015"
+
+                [[example]]
+                name = "ex1"
+                test = true
+            "#,
+        )
         .file(
             "c/src/lib.rs",
             r#"
@@ -4275,14 +4287,17 @@ fn test_hint_workspace_virtual() {
 [ERROR] test failed, to rerun pass `-p c --bin c`
 [RUNNING] tests/t1.rs (target/debug/deps/t1-[HASH][EXE])
 [ERROR] test failed, to rerun pass `-p c --test t1`
+[RUNNING] unittests examples/ex1.rs (target/debug/examples/ex1-[HASH])
+[ERROR] test failed, to rerun pass `-p c --example ex1`
 [DOCTEST] a
 [DOCTEST] b
 [DOCTEST] c
 [ERROR] doctest failed, to rerun pass `-p c --doc`
-[ERROR] 4 targets failed:
+[ERROR] 5 targets failed:
     `-p b --lib`
     `-p c --bin c`
     `-p c --test t1`
+    `-p c --example ex1`
     `-p c --doc`
 
 "#]])