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---
title: Errands
owner: Services
---
Lifecycle errands are BOSH errands (scripts) that run at the beginning and end of an installed
product's availability time. Product teams create errands as part of a product package, and a product can only run errands it includes.
For more information about BOSH errands, see [BOSH documentation](https://bosh.io/docs/errands),
and for more information about errands in <%= vars.platform_name %>, see [Managing Errands in Ops Manager](http://docs.pivotal.io/pivotalcf/customizing/managing_errands.html).
In Ops Manager v2.0 and later, tile authors can choose to [colocate errands](#colocated) on existing VMs.
When errands are not colocated, BOSH deploys a new VM for each errand defined in the tile metadata.
Colocated errands can run alongside other jobs or errands on existing VMs in an operator's deployment.
Products can have two kinds of errands. [Post-deploy errands](#post-deploy) run after a product
installs but before Ops Manager displays makes it available for use.
[Pre-delete errands](#pre-delete) run after an operator chooses to delete a product, but before
Ops Manager finishes removing it from use.
To save deployment time, operators can set [errand run rules](#run-rules) that dictate whether or
not errands run. Tile authors can [set defaults](./property-template-references.html#top-level) for these run rules.
## <a id="colocated"></a>Define a Colocated Errand
<p class="note"><strong>Note</strong>: Ops Manager v2.0 and later supports colocated errands.</p>
Instead of deploying a new VM for each errand, colocated errands run on an existing VM.
Errands can run alongside other jobs on a VM, and multiple errands can be colocated on the same VM.
Colocated errands run faster than traditional errands and use fewer resources, including disk and IP space.
To configure a colocated errand, define the following properties in the `pre_delete_errands` and
`post_deploy_errands` sections of the tile metadata:
<table>
<tr>
<th>Property</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr><tr>
<td width="28%"><code>name: MY-ERRAND</code></td>
<td>Provide the name of the errand job. The example manifest in the following section uses
<code>example_colocated_errand</code>.</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>colocated: true</code></td>
<td>Set this value to <code>true</code> to enable colocated errands. If you do not set this value,
Ops Manager ignores all other errand attributes in this section.</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>run_default: on</code></td>
<td>(Optional) You can set the run rules to <code>on</code> or <code>off</code>.
See <a href="#run-rules">Errand Run Rules</a> for more information.<br><br>
If you do not define this property, Ops Manager sets the run default to <code>on</code>.
The operator can override this setting using the Ops Manager API or the tile's
<strong>Errand Config</strong> tab.</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>instances: []</code></td>
<td>(Optional) Provide an array that tells BOSH where to run the errand.
Use the name of an instance group, such as <code>web_server</code>, or a single instance, such as
<code>web_server/first</code>.<br><br>
If you do not define this property or you provide an empty array, the errand runs on every
instance of the job in the operator's deployment.</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>label: ERRAND-LABEL</code></td>
<td>Define the errand name to be shown in the tile's <strong>Errand Config</strong> tab and
above <strong>Apply Changes</strong>.
The example manifest in the following section uses <code>colocated errand on web_server</code>.</td>
</tr><tr>
<td><code>description: TEXT</code></td>
<td>(Optional) Provide a description for the errand that appears in the tile's
<strong>Errand Config</strong> tab.</td>
</tr><tr>
<td width="30%"><code>impact_warning: TEXT</code></td>
<td>(Optional) Provide an impact warning that appears in the
<b>Review Pending Changes</b> tab before running the errand.</td>
</tr>
</table>
After defining the errand in the sections above, add the errand to the job properties in the
`job_types` section.
## <a id="colocated-example"></a>Colocated Errand Example Manifest
The following example shows colocated `post_deploy_errands` and `pre_delete_errands` sections
in the tile metadata:
```yaml
post_deploy_errands:
- name: example-errand
colocated: false
impact_warning: "This is an impact warning for your post-deploy errand."
- name: example_colocated_errand
colocated: true
run_default: on
instances:
- web_server/first
label: colocated errand on web_server
description: This errand does little more than print a message to prove colocated errands work.
pre_delete_errands:
- name: example-errand
impact_warning: "This is an impact warning for your pre-delete errand."
```
The following example shows the colocated errands referenced within the `job_type`:
```yaml
job_types:
- name: web_server
resource_label: Web Server
templates:
- name: web_server
release: example-release
provides: |
web_server_info: (( .properties.example_selector.selected_option.parsed_manifest(provides_section) ))
consumes: |
web_server_info: (( .properties.example_selector.selected_option.parsed_manifest(consumes_section) ))
- name: time_logger
release: example-release
- name: example_colocated_errand
release: example-release
release: example-release
static_ip: 1
dynamic_ip: 0
max_in_flight: 1
```
##<a id='post-deploy'></a>Post-Deploy Errands
Post-deploy errands run after a product installs, but before Ops Manager makes it available for use.
Typical post-install errands include smoke or acceptance tests, database initialization or database
migration, and service broker registration.
Post-deploy errands run by default. An operator can prevent a post-deploy errand from running by
setting its [run rule](#run-rules) to **Off** under **Pending Changes** in the Ops Manager Installation
Dashboard or on the service's **Settings** tab **Errands** pane, before installing the product.
For example, Redis has a **Broker Registrar** post-deploy errand that the <%= vars.app_runtime_full %> tile uses
to register its service broker with the Cloud Controller and publish its service plans.
If an operator selects **Off** in dropdown for Redis's **Broker Registrar** errand
before installation, Redis's service broker is not registered with the Cloud Controller and its service plans are not made public.
##<a id='pre-delete'></a>Pre-Delete Errands
Pre-delete errands run after an operator chooses to delete a product, but before Ops Manager actually
finishes deleting it.
Typical pre-delete errands include cleanup of application artifacts and service
broker de-registration. For example, VMware Tanzu SQL [MySQL] has a **Broker Deregistrar** pre-delete errand that:
* Purges the service offering
* Purges all service instances
* Purges all application bindings
* Deletes the service broker from the Cloud Controller
When an operator chooses to delete the VMware Tanzu SQL [MySQL] product, Ops Manager first
runs the **Broker Deregistrar** pre-delete errand, then deletes the product.
Pre-delete errands run by default. An operator can prevent a pre-delete errand from running by setting
its [run rule](#run-rules) to **Off** under **Pending Changes** in the Ops Manager Installation
Dashboard or on the product tile's **Settings** tab **Errands** pane, before installing the product.
##<a id='run-rules'></a>Errand Run Rules
Some errands do not always need to run. For example, installing a minor patch to a existing service
might not require re-registering its broker. Ops Manager lets operators save installation time by
turning errands off or on. They set these errand run rules in two places:
* **One-Time Rules** under **Pending Changes** in the Ops Manager Installation Dashboard. These rules
only apply to the next time you run **Apply Changes** and do not persist after the next successful installation.
* **Persistent Rules** in the tile's **Errands** pane. These rules persist through subsequent
installations, until changed in the **Errands** pane.
For more information,
see [Configure Run Rules in Ops Manager](http://docs.pivotal.io/pivotalcf/customizing/managing_errands.html#modify).