diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 2b854a9..f75897f 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ api:
  	       --go-http_out=paths=source_relative:./api \
  	       --go-grpc_out=paths=source_relative:./api \
 	       --openapi_out=fq_schema_naming=true,default_response=false:. \
+           --validate_out=paths=source_relative,lang=go:./api \
 	       $(API_PROTO_FILES)
 
 .PHONY: build
@@ -68,22 +69,9 @@ generate:
 # generate all
 all:
 	make api;
-	make validate;
 	make config;
 	make generate;
 
-
-# generate validate proto
-validate:
-	protoc --proto_path=./api \
-	       --proto_path=./third_party \
- 	       --go_out=paths=source_relative:./api \
- 	       --go-http_out=paths=source_relative:./api \
- 	       --go-grpc_out=paths=source_relative:./api \
-	       --openapi_out=fq_schema_naming=true,default_response=false:. \
-           --validate_out=paths=source_relative,lang=go:./api \
-	       $(API_PROTO_FILES)
-
 # run go linter with the repositories lint config
 .PHONY: lint
 lint:
diff --git a/api/relations/v0/common.pb.go b/api/relations/v0/common.pb.go
index 91bf6d0..b1bfb0e 100644
--- a/api/relations/v0/common.pb.go
+++ b/api/relations/v0/common.pb.go
@@ -370,54 +370,55 @@ var file_relations_v0_common_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x13, 0x6b, 0x65, 0x73,
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 }
 
 var (
diff --git a/api/relations/v0/common.pb.validate.go b/api/relations/v0/common.pb.validate.go
index eb6dd38..b49c460 100644
--- a/api/relations/v0/common.pb.validate.go
+++ b/api/relations/v0/common.pb.validate.go
@@ -57,36 +57,31 @@ func (m *Relationship) validate(all bool) error {
 
 	var errors []error
 
-	if all {
-		switch v := interface{}(m.GetResource()).(type) {
-		case interface{ ValidateAll() error }:
-			if err := v.ValidateAll(); err != nil {
-				errors = append(errors, RelationshipValidationError{
-					field:  "Resource",
-					reason: "embedded message failed validation",
-					cause:  err,
-				})
-			}
-		case interface{ Validate() error }:
-			if err := v.Validate(); err != nil {
-				errors = append(errors, RelationshipValidationError{
-					field:  "Resource",
-					reason: "embedded message failed validation",
-					cause:  err,
-				})
-			}
+	if m.GetResource() == nil {
+		err := RelationshipValidationError{
+			field:  "Resource",
+			reason: "value is required",
 		}
-	} else if v, ok := interface{}(m.GetResource()).(interface{ Validate() error }); ok {
-		if err := v.Validate(); err != nil {
-			return RelationshipValidationError{
-				field:  "Resource",
-				reason: "embedded message failed validation",
-				cause:  err,
-			}
+		if !all {
+			return err
 		}
+		errors = append(errors, err)
 	}
 
-	// no validation rules for Relation
+	if a := m.GetResource(); a != nil {
+
+	}
+
+	if utf8.RuneCountInString(m.GetRelation()) < 1 {
+		err := RelationshipValidationError{
+			field:  "Relation",
+			reason: "value length must be at least 1 runes",
+		}
+		if !all {
+			return err
+		}
+		errors = append(errors, err)
+	}
 
 	if all {
 		switch v := interface{}(m.GetSubject()).(type) {
diff --git a/api/relations/v0/common.proto b/api/relations/v0/common.proto
index 16a6c06..6767eaa 100644
--- a/api/relations/v0/common.proto
+++ b/api/relations/v0/common.proto
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ option java_package = "org.project_kessel.api.relations.v0";
 // Conventionally, we generally refer to the Resource first, then Subject,
 // following the direction of typical graph traversal (Resource to Subject).
 message Relationship {
-	ObjectReference resource = 1;
-	string relation = 2;
+	ObjectReference resource = 1 [(validate.rules).any.required = true]; 
+	string relation = 2 [(validate.rules).string.min_len = 1];
 	SubjectReference subject = 3;
 }
 
diff --git a/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.pb.go b/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.pb.go
index db720e9..1f541da 100644
--- a/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.pb.go
+++ b/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.pb.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 package v0
 
 import (
+	_ "github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate/validate"
 	_ "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api/annotations"
 	protoreflect "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect"
 	protoimpl "google.golang.org/protobuf/runtime/protoimpl"
@@ -476,109 +477,112 @@ var file_relations_v0_relation_tuples_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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+	0x33,
 }
 
 var (
diff --git a/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.pb.validate.go b/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.pb.validate.go
index 558cc58..fa5d781 100644
--- a/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.pb.validate.go
+++ b/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.pb.validate.go
@@ -59,37 +59,18 @@ func (m *CreateTuplesRequest) validate(all bool) error {
 
 	// no validation rules for Upsert
 
-	for idx, item := range m.GetTuples() {
-		_, _ = idx, item
-
-		if all {
-			switch v := interface{}(item).(type) {
-			case interface{ ValidateAll() error }:
-				if err := v.ValidateAll(); err != nil {
-					errors = append(errors, CreateTuplesRequestValidationError{
-						field:  fmt.Sprintf("Tuples[%v]", idx),
-						reason: "embedded message failed validation",
-						cause:  err,
-					})
-				}
-			case interface{ Validate() error }:
-				if err := v.Validate(); err != nil {
-					errors = append(errors, CreateTuplesRequestValidationError{
-						field:  fmt.Sprintf("Tuples[%v]", idx),
-						reason: "embedded message failed validation",
-						cause:  err,
-					})
-				}
-			}
-		} else if v, ok := interface{}(item).(interface{ Validate() error }); ok {
-			if err := v.Validate(); err != nil {
-				return CreateTuplesRequestValidationError{
-					field:  fmt.Sprintf("Tuples[%v]", idx),
-					reason: "embedded message failed validation",
-					cause:  err,
-				}
-			}
+	if m.GetTuples() == nil {
+		err := CreateTuplesRequestValidationError{
+			field:  "Tuples",
+			reason: "value is required",
+		}
+		if !all {
+			return err
 		}
+		errors = append(errors, err)
+	}
+
+	if a := m.GetTuples(); a != nil {
 
 	}
 
diff --git a/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.proto b/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.proto
index 1ffc439..e45e778 100644
--- a/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.proto
+++ b/api/relations/v0/relation_tuples.proto
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package kessel.relations.v0;
 
 import "google/api/annotations.proto";
 import "relations/v0/common.proto";
+import "validate/validate.proto";
 
 option go_package = "ciam-rebac/api/relations/v0;v0";
 option java_multiple_files = true;
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ message CreateTuplesRequest {
 	// 
 	// Defaults to `false`.
 	bool upsert = 1;
-	repeated Relationship tuples = 2;
+	repeated Relationship tuples = 2 [(validate.rules).any.required = true];
 }
 message CreateTuplesResponse {}
 
diff --git a/internal/biz/lookup.go b/internal/biz/lookup.go
index 7667cd3..a3061ba 100644
--- a/internal/biz/lookup.go
+++ b/internal/biz/lookup.go
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ func (s *GetSubjectsUsecase) Get(ctx context.Context, req *v0.LookupSubjectsRequ
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err := req.Validate(); err != nil {
+	if err := req.ValidateAll(); err != nil {
 		s.log.WithContext(ctx).Error("Request failed to pass validation: %v", req)
 		return nil, nil, errors.BadRequest("Invalid request", err.Error())
 	}
 
-	if err := req.Resource.Validate(); err != nil {
-		s.log.WithContext(ctx).Error("Request failed to pass validation: %v", req)
+	if err := req.Resource.ValidateAll(); err != nil {
+		s.log.WithContext(ctx).Error("Resource failed to pass validation: %v", req)
 		return nil, nil, errors.BadRequest("Invalid request", err.Error())
 	}
 
diff --git a/internal/biz/relationships.go b/internal/biz/relationships.go
index c28ae62..10e849a 100644
--- a/internal/biz/relationships.go
+++ b/internal/biz/relationships.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	v0 "ciam-rebac/api/relations/v0"
 	"context"
 
+	"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/errors"
 	"github.com/go-kratos/kratos/v2/log"
 )
 
@@ -53,6 +54,14 @@ func NewCreateRelationshipsUsecase(repo ZanzibarRepository, logger log.Logger) *
 
 func (rc *CreateRelationshipsUsecase) CreateRelationships(ctx context.Context, r []*v0.Relationship, touch bool) error {
 	rc.log.WithContext(ctx).Infof("CreateTuples: %v %s", r, touch)
+
+	for idx := range r {
+		if err := r[idx].ValidateAll(); err != nil {
+			rc.log.Infof("Request failed to pass validation %v", r[idx])
+			return errors.BadRequest("Invalid request", err.Error())
+		}
+	}
+
 	return rc.repo.CreateRelationships(ctx, r, TouchSemantics(touch))
 }