[all] update dependency typescript to latest

[pichlermarc]

We should bump typescript to latest in the next major version. As a part of this PR we should document the following:

• Document policy that typescript versions will be increased with each major SDK version
• Document the following policy for determining which typescript version to update to: update to the latest version unless a dependency that cannot be updated requires a lower version

[jcarvalho]

Happy to take this on for KubeCon Contribfest!

[jcarvalho]

Spoke with @dyladan, and the policy documentation will be added at a later date (still unsure where it will go)

[jcarvalho]

Looks like there's an overlap between this change and #3952, and there's a catch-22: to upgrade to Typescript 5.2, we need a version of Typedoc that requires Node 16 or higher (guessing that's fine for next, as 16 is no longer a supported LTS version).

Doing some final tweaks to the PR, will open it after I'm back from Kubecon.

[falsyvalues]

@pichlermarc It might be worth to got straight into TypeScript 5.5 because it contains a lot of improvements (types, speed and workflow).

[pichlermarc]

@pichlermarc It might be worth to got straight into TypeScript 5.5 because it contains a lot of improvements (types, speed and workflow).

Agree. I changed the title and description to say latest instead. So when we continue work on SDK 2.0 we just bump to whatever is the latest version.

[dyladan]

Closed in favor of #4870