diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 231d8c921b..4fe3bc7c0f 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ For experimental package changes, see the [experimental CHANGELOG](experimental/
 
 ### :rocket: (Enhancement)
 
+* feat(sdk-metrics): add constructor option to add metric readers [#4427](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/4427) @pichlermarc
+  * deprecates `MeterProvider.addMetricReader()` please use the constructor option `readers` instead.
+
 ### :bug: (Bug Fix)
 
 * fix(sdk-trace-base): ensure attribute value length limit is enforced on span creation [#4417](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/pull/4417) @pichlermarc
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-grpc/test/metricsHelper.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-grpc/test/metricsHelper.ts
index 14c8f3a3df..7c9fbfd99c 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-grpc/test/metricsHelper.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-grpc/test/metricsHelper.ts
@@ -55,10 +55,11 @@ const testResource = new Resource({
   cost: 112.12,
 });
 
-let meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: testResource });
-
 let reader = new TestMetricReader();
-meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+let meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+  resource: testResource,
+  readers: [reader],
+});
 
 let meter = meterProvider.getMeter('default', '0.0.1');
 
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ export async function collect() {
 }
 
 export function setUp() {
+  reader = new TestMetricReader();
   meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
     resource: testResource,
     views: [
@@ -75,9 +77,8 @@ export function setUp() {
         instrumentName: 'int-histogram',
       }),
     ],
+    readers: [reader],
   });
-  reader = new TestMetricReader();
-  meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
   meter = meterProvider.getMeter('default', '0.0.1');
 }
 
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-http/test/metricsHelper.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-http/test/metricsHelper.ts
index 5605a69b28..850cdae4d0 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-http/test/metricsHelper.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-http/test/metricsHelper.ts
@@ -72,9 +72,11 @@ const defaultResource = Resource.default().merge(
   })
 );
 
-let meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
 let reader = new TestMetricReader();
-meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+let meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+  resource: defaultResource,
+  readers: [reader],
+});
 let meter = meterProvider.getMeter('default', '0.0.1');
 
 export async function collect() {
@@ -82,9 +84,12 @@ export async function collect() {
 }
 
 export function setUp(views?: View[]) {
-  meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource, views });
   reader = new TestMetricReader();
-  meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+  meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+    resource: defaultResource,
+    views,
+    readers: [reader],
+  });
   meter = meterProvider.getMeter('default', '0.0.1');
 }
 
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-proto/test/metricsHelper.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-proto/test/metricsHelper.ts
index 5c9c29abee..ef70a75c05 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-proto/test/metricsHelper.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-metrics-otlp-proto/test/metricsHelper.ts
@@ -54,10 +54,11 @@ const testResource = new Resource({
   cost: 112.12,
 });
 
-let meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: testResource });
-
 let reader = new TestMetricReader();
-meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+let meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+  resource: testResource,
+  readers: [reader],
+});
 
 let meter = meterProvider.getMeter('default', '0.0.1');
 
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ export async function collect() {
 }
 
 export function setUp() {
+  reader = new TestMetricReader();
   meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
     resource: testResource,
     views: [
@@ -74,9 +76,8 @@ export function setUp() {
         instrumentName: 'int-histogram',
       }),
     ],
+    readers: [reader],
   });
-  reader = new TestMetricReader();
-  meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
   meter = meterProvider.getMeter('default', '0.0.1');
 }
 
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusExporter.test.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusExporter.test.ts
index 1030203a2c..d512240677 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusExporter.test.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusExporter.test.ts
@@ -261,8 +261,9 @@ describe('PrometheusExporter', () => {
 
     beforeEach(done => {
       exporter = new PrometheusExporter({}, () => {
-        meterProvider = new MeterProvider();
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(exporter);
+        meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+          readers: [exporter],
+        });
         meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test-prometheus', '1');
         done();
       });
@@ -533,8 +534,9 @@ describe('PrometheusExporter', () => {
     let exporter: PrometheusExporter;
 
     function setup(reader: PrometheusExporter) {
-      meterProvider = new MeterProvider();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+      meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+        readers: [exporter],
+      });
 
       meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test-prometheus');
       counter = meter.createCounter('counter');
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusSerializer.test.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusSerializer.test.ts
index 1a39aae003..b2d9e36f8f 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusSerializer.test.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-exporter-prometheus/test/PrometheusSerializer.test.ts
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
               instrumentName: '*',
             }),
           ],
+          readers: [reader],
         });
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
         const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
         const counter = meter.createCounter('test_total');
@@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
               instrumentName: '*',
             }),
           ],
+          readers: [reader],
         });
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
         const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
         const histogram = meter.createHistogram('test');
@@ -206,8 +206,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
               instrumentName: '*',
             }),
           ],
+          readers: [reader],
         });
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
         const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
         const counter = meter.createCounter('test_total', {
@@ -261,8 +261,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
               instrumentName: '*',
             }),
           ],
+          readers: [reader],
         });
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
         const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
         const counter = meter.createUpDownCounter('test_total', {
@@ -315,8 +315,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
               instrumentName: '*',
             }),
           ],
+          readers: [reader],
         });
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
         const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
         const counter = meter.createUpDownCounter('test_total', {
@@ -369,8 +369,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
               instrumentName: '*',
             }),
           ],
+          readers: [reader],
         });
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
         const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
         const histogram = meter.createHistogram('test', {
@@ -424,8 +424,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
               instrumentName: '*',
             }),
           ],
+          readers: [reader],
         });
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
         const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
         const upDownCounter = meter.createUpDownCounter('test', {
@@ -474,8 +474,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
         views: [
           new View({ aggregation: new SumAggregation(), instrumentName: '*' }),
         ],
+        readers: [reader],
       });
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
       const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
       const { unit, exportAll = false } = options;
@@ -563,8 +563,8 @@ describe('PrometheusSerializer', () => {
         views: [
           new View({ aggregation: new SumAggregation(), instrumentName: '*' }),
         ],
+        readers: [reader],
       });
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
       const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test');
 
       const counter = meter.createUpDownCounter(name);
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-instrumentation-http/test/functionals/http-metrics.test.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-instrumentation-http/test/functionals/http-metrics.test.ts
index d7f55ed846..0f484f08bf 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-instrumentation-http/test/functionals/http-metrics.test.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-instrumentation-http/test/functionals/http-metrics.test.ts
@@ -38,13 +38,12 @@ const protocol = 'http';
 const hostname = 'localhost';
 const pathname = '/test';
 const tracerProvider = new NodeTracerProvider();
-const meterProvider = new MeterProvider();
 const metricsMemoryExporter = new InMemoryMetricExporter(
   AggregationTemporality.DELTA
 );
 const metricReader = new TestMetricReader(metricsMemoryExporter);
+const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ readers: [metricReader] });
 
-meterProvider.addMetricReader(metricReader);
 instrumentation.setTracerProvider(tracerProvider);
 instrumentation.setMeterProvider(meterProvider);
 
diff --git a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/sdk.ts b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/sdk.ts
index 30a1bea790..6c8cedb296 100644
--- a/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/sdk.ts
+++ b/experimental/packages/opentelemetry-sdk-node/src/sdk.ts
@@ -350,15 +350,16 @@ export class NodeSDK {
     }
 
     if (this._meterProviderConfig) {
+      const readers: MetricReader[] = [];
+      if (this._meterProviderConfig.reader) {
+        readers.push(this._meterProviderConfig.reader);
+      }
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: this._resource,
         views: this._meterProviderConfig?.views ?? [],
+        readers: readers,
       });
 
-      if (this._meterProviderConfig.reader) {
-        meterProvider.addMetricReader(this._meterProviderConfig.reader);
-      }
-
       this._meterProvider = meterProvider;
 
       metrics.setGlobalMeterProvider(meterProvider);
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/src/MeterProvider.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/src/MeterProvider.ts
index f10cf42b9b..68d4605779 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/src/MeterProvider.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/src/MeterProvider.ts
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ export interface MeterProviderOptions {
   /** Resource associated with metric telemetry  */
   resource?: IResource;
   views?: View[];
+  readers?: MetricReader[];
 }
 
 /**
@@ -54,6 +55,12 @@ export class MeterProvider implements IMeterProvider {
         this._sharedState.viewRegistry.addView(view);
       }
     }
+
+    if (options?.readers != null && options.readers.length > 0) {
+      for (const metricReader of options.readers) {
+        this.addMetricReader(metricReader);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -77,7 +84,13 @@ export class MeterProvider implements IMeterProvider {
    * Register a {@link MetricReader} to the meter provider. After the
    * registration, the MetricReader can start metrics collection.
    *
+   * <p> NOTE: {@link MetricReader} instances MUST be added before creating any instruments.
+   * A {@link MetricReader} instance registered later may receive no or incomplete metric data.
+   *
    * @param metricReader the metric reader to be registered.
+   *
+   * @deprecated This method will be removed in SDK 2.0. Please use
+   * {@link MeterProviderOptions.readers} via the {@link MeterProvider} constructor instead
    */
   addMetricReader(metricReader: MetricReader) {
     const collector = new MetricCollector(this._sharedState, metricReader);
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/Instruments.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/Instruments.test.ts
index 56ecf03af6..ab466c295a 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/Instruments.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/Instruments.test.ts
@@ -751,7 +751,12 @@ describe('Instruments', () => {
 });
 
 function setup() {
-  const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
+  const deltaReader = new TestDeltaMetricReader();
+  const cumulativeReader = new TestMetricReader();
+  const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+    resource: defaultResource,
+    readers: [deltaReader, cumulativeReader],
+  });
   const meter = meterProvider.getMeter(
     defaultInstrumentationScope.name,
     defaultInstrumentationScope.version,
@@ -759,10 +764,6 @@ function setup() {
       schemaUrl: defaultInstrumentationScope.schemaUrl,
     }
   );
-  const deltaReader = new TestDeltaMetricReader();
-  meterProvider.addMetricReader(deltaReader);
-  const cumulativeReader = new TestMetricReader();
-  meterProvider.addMetricReader(cumulativeReader);
 
   return {
     meterProvider,
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/MeterProvider.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/MeterProvider.test.ts
index be075f0fa6..615fcffab3 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/MeterProvider.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/MeterProvider.test.ts
@@ -73,9 +73,11 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
     });
 
     it('get meter with same identity', async () => {
-      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
       const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+        resource: defaultResource,
+        readers: [reader],
+      });
 
       // Create meter and instrument, needs observation on instrument, otherwise the scope will not be reported.
       // name+version pair 1
@@ -131,6 +133,7 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
 
   describe('addView', () => {
     it('with existing instrument should rename', async () => {
+      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: defaultResource,
         // Add view to rename 'non-renamed-instrument' to 'renamed-instrument'
@@ -141,11 +144,9 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
             instrumentName: 'non-renamed-instrument',
           }),
         ],
+        readers: [reader],
       });
 
-      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
-
       // Create meter and instrument.
       const myMeter = meterProvider.getMeter('meter1', 'v1.0.0');
       const counter = myMeter.createCounter('non-renamed-instrument');
@@ -200,6 +201,8 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
     });
 
     it('with attributeKeys should drop non-listed attributes', async () => {
+      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
+
       // Add view to drop all attributes except 'attrib1'
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: defaultResource,
@@ -209,11 +212,9 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
             instrumentName: 'non-renamed-instrument',
           }),
         ],
+        readers: [reader],
       });
 
-      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
-
       // Create meter and instrument.
       const myMeter = meterProvider.getMeter('meter1', 'v1.0.0');
       const counter = myMeter.createCounter('non-renamed-instrument');
@@ -266,6 +267,8 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
     });
 
     it('with no meter name should apply view to instruments of all meters', async () => {
+      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
+
       // Add view that renames 'test-counter' to 'renamed-instrument'
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: defaultResource,
@@ -275,11 +278,9 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
             instrumentName: 'test-counter',
           }),
         ],
+        readers: [reader],
       });
 
-      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
-
       // Create two meters.
       const meter1 = meterProvider.getMeter('meter1', 'v1.0.0');
       const meter2 = meterProvider.getMeter('meter2', 'v1.0.0');
@@ -339,6 +340,7 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
     });
 
     it('with meter name should apply view to only the selected meter', async () => {
+      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: defaultResource,
         views: [
@@ -349,11 +351,9 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
             meterName: 'meter1',
           }),
         ],
+        readers: [reader],
       });
 
-      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
-
       // Create two meters.
       const meter1 = meterProvider.getMeter('meter1', 'v1.0.0');
       const meter2 = meterProvider.getMeter('meter2', 'v1.0.0');
@@ -413,6 +413,7 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
     });
 
     it('with different instrument types does not throw', async () => {
+      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: defaultResource,
         // Add Views to rename both instruments (of different types) to the same name.
@@ -428,9 +429,8 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
             meterName: 'meter1',
           }),
         ],
+        readers: [reader],
       });
-      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
 
       // Create meter and instruments.
       const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('meter1', 'v1.0.0');
@@ -481,6 +481,8 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
       const msBoundaries = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
       const sBoundaries = [10, 50, 250, 1000];
 
+      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
+
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: defaultResource,
         views: [
@@ -493,11 +495,9 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
             aggregation: new ExplicitBucketHistogramAggregation(sBoundaries),
           }),
         ],
+        readers: [reader],
       });
 
-      const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
-
       // Create meter and histograms, with different units.
       const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('meter1', 'v1.0.0');
       const histogram1 = meter.createHistogram('test-histogram-ms', {
@@ -543,14 +543,14 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
 
   describe('shutdown', () => {
     it('should shutdown all registered metric readers', async () => {
-      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
       const reader1 = new TestMetricReader();
       const reader2 = new TestMetricReader();
       const reader1ShutdownSpy = sinon.spy(reader1, 'shutdown');
       const reader2ShutdownSpy = sinon.spy(reader2, 'shutdown');
-
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader1);
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader2);
+      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+        resource: defaultResource,
+        readers: [reader1, reader2],
+      });
 
       await meterProvider.shutdown({ timeoutMillis: 1234 });
       await meterProvider.shutdown();
@@ -569,14 +569,14 @@ describe('MeterProvider', () => {
 
   describe('forceFlush', () => {
     it('should forceFlush all registered metric readers', async () => {
-      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
       const reader1 = new TestMetricReader();
       const reader2 = new TestMetricReader();
       const reader1ForceFlushSpy = sinon.spy(reader1, 'forceFlush');
       const reader2ForceFlushSpy = sinon.spy(reader2, 'forceFlush');
-
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader1);
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader2);
+      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+        resource: defaultResource,
+        readers: [reader1, reader2],
+      });
 
       await meterProvider.forceFlush({ timeoutMillis: 1234 });
       await meterProvider.forceFlush({ timeoutMillis: 5678 });
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/ConsoleMetricExporter.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/ConsoleMetricExporter.test.ts
index fe46fa9f71..6409f6aa04 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/ConsoleMetricExporter.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/ConsoleMetricExporter.test.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ describe('ConsoleMetricExporter', () => {
     let previousConsoleDir: any;
     let exporter: ConsoleMetricExporter;
     let meterProvider: MeterProvider;
-    let meterReader: PeriodicExportingMetricReader;
+    let metricReader: PeriodicExportingMetricReader;
     let meter: metrics.Meter;
 
     beforeEach(() => {
@@ -58,20 +58,22 @@ describe('ConsoleMetricExporter', () => {
       console.dir = () => {};
 
       exporter = new ConsoleMetricExporter();
-      meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
-      meter = meterProvider.getMeter('ConsoleMetricExporter', '1.0.0');
-      meterReader = new PeriodicExportingMetricReader({
+      metricReader = new PeriodicExportingMetricReader({
         exporter: exporter,
         exportIntervalMillis: 100,
         exportTimeoutMillis: 100,
       });
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(meterReader);
+      meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+        resource: defaultResource,
+        readers: [metricReader],
+      });
+      meter = meterProvider.getMeter('ConsoleMetricExporter', '1.0.0');
     });
 
     afterEach(async () => {
       console.dir = previousConsoleDir;
 
-      await meterReader.shutdown();
+      await metricReader.shutdown();
     });
 
     it('should export information about metric', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/InMemoryMetricExporter.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/InMemoryMetricExporter.test.ts
index 38a3f98586..1e14a8ed5e 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/InMemoryMetricExporter.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/InMemoryMetricExporter.test.ts
@@ -45,24 +45,26 @@ async function waitForNumberOfExports(
 describe('InMemoryMetricExporter', () => {
   let exporter: InMemoryMetricExporter;
   let meterProvider: MeterProvider;
-  let meterReader: PeriodicExportingMetricReader;
+  let metricReader: PeriodicExportingMetricReader;
   let meter: metrics.Meter;
 
   beforeEach(() => {
     exporter = new InMemoryMetricExporter(AggregationTemporality.CUMULATIVE);
-    meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
-    meter = meterProvider.getMeter('InMemoryMetricExporter', '1.0.0');
-    meterReader = new PeriodicExportingMetricReader({
+    metricReader = new PeriodicExportingMetricReader({
       exporter: exporter,
       exportIntervalMillis: 100,
       exportTimeoutMillis: 100,
     });
-    meterProvider.addMetricReader(meterReader);
+    meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+      resource: defaultResource,
+      readers: [metricReader],
+    });
+    meter = meterProvider.getMeter('InMemoryMetricExporter', '1.0.0');
   });
 
   afterEach(async () => {
     await exporter.shutdown();
-    await meterReader.shutdown();
+    await metricReader.shutdown();
   });
 
   it('should return failed result code', done => {
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ describe('InMemoryMetricExporter', () => {
       };
       exporter.export(resourceMetrics, result => {
         assert.ok(result.code === ExportResultCode.FAILED);
-        meterReader.shutdown().then(() => {
+        metricReader.shutdown().then(() => {
           done();
         });
       });
@@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ describe('InMemoryMetricExporter', () => {
     assert.ok(otherMetrics.length === 0);
 
     await exporter.shutdown();
-    await meterReader.shutdown();
+    await metricReader.shutdown();
   });
 
   it('should be able to access metric', async () => {
@@ -146,6 +148,6 @@ describe('InMemoryMetricExporter', () => {
     const histogramDataPoint = histogramMetric.dataPoints.shift();
     assert.ok(histogramDataPoint);
 
-    await meterReader.shutdown();
+    await metricReader.shutdown();
   });
 });
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/MetricReader.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/MetricReader.test.ts
index c0643a60da..b08cde5e38 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/MetricReader.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/export/MetricReader.test.ts
@@ -73,16 +73,18 @@ describe('MetricReader', () => {
   describe('setMetricProducer', () => {
     it('The SDK MUST NOT allow a MetricReader instance to be registered on more than one MeterProvider instance', () => {
       const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      const meterProvider1 = new MeterProvider();
-      const meterProvider2 = new MeterProvider();
-
-      meterProvider1.addMetricReader(reader);
       assert.throws(
-        () => meterProvider1.addMetricReader(reader),
+        () =>
+          new MeterProvider({
+            readers: [reader, reader],
+          }),
         /MetricReader can not be bound to a MeterProvider again/
       );
       assert.throws(
-        () => meterProvider2.addMetricReader(reader),
+        () =>
+          new MeterProvider({
+            readers: [reader],
+          }),
         /MetricReader can not be bound to a MeterProvider again/
       );
     });
@@ -138,7 +140,6 @@ describe('MetricReader', () => {
     });
 
     it('should collect metrics from the SDK and the additional metricProducers', async () => {
-      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
       const additionalProducer = new TestMetricProducer({
         resourceMetrics: {
           resource: new Resource({
@@ -150,7 +151,10 @@ describe('MetricReader', () => {
       const reader = new TestMetricReader({
         metricProducers: [additionalProducer],
       });
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+        resource: defaultResource,
+        readers: [reader],
+      });
 
       // Make a measurement
       meterProvider
@@ -182,14 +186,15 @@ describe('MetricReader', () => {
     });
 
     it('should merge the errors from the SDK and all metricProducers', async () => {
-      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider();
       const reader = new TestMetricReader({
         metricProducers: [
           new TestMetricProducer({ errors: ['err1'] }),
           new TestMetricProducer({ errors: ['err2'] }),
         ],
       });
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+        readers: [reader],
+      });
 
       // Provide a callback throwing an error too
       meterProvider
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/regression/cumulative-exponential-histogram.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/regression/cumulative-exponential-histogram.test.ts
index 79dcfc434f..2462ddf5c8 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/regression/cumulative-exponential-histogram.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/regression/cumulative-exponential-histogram.test.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ describe('cumulative-exponential-histogram', () => {
   });
 
   const doTest = async (histogramAggregation: Aggregation) => {
-    const meterProvider = new MeterProvider();
     const reader = new TestMetricReader({
       aggregationTemporalitySelector() {
         return AggregationTemporality.CUMULATIVE;
@@ -57,8 +56,10 @@ describe('cumulative-exponential-histogram', () => {
           : Aggregation.Default();
       },
     });
+    const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+      readers: [reader],
+    });
 
-    meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
     const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('my-meter');
     const hist = meter.createHistogram('testhist');
 
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/regression/two-metric-readers-async-instrument.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/regression/two-metric-readers-async-instrument.test.ts
index a1301be0ec..74913f9476 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/regression/two-metric-readers-async-instrument.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/regression/two-metric-readers-async-instrument.test.ts
@@ -23,12 +23,11 @@ import { assertDataPoint, assertMetricData } from '../util';
 
 describe('two-metric-readers-async-instrument', () => {
   it('both metric readers should collect metrics', async () => {
-    const meterProvider = new MeterProvider();
     const reader1 = new TestDeltaMetricReader();
     const reader2 = new TestDeltaMetricReader();
-
-    meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader1);
-    meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader2);
+    const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+      readers: [reader1, reader2],
+    });
 
     const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('my-meter');
 
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/state/MeterSharedState.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/state/MeterSharedState.test.ts
index 55f7fe5386..9e814a4b43 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/state/MeterSharedState.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/state/MeterSharedState.test.ts
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ describe('MeterSharedState', () => {
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: defaultResource,
         views,
+        readers: readers,
       });
-      readers?.forEach(reader => meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader));
 
       const meter = meterProvider.getMeter('test-meter');
 
@@ -185,19 +185,17 @@ describe('MeterSharedState', () => {
 
   describe('collect', () => {
     function setupInstruments(views?: View[]) {
+      const cumulativeReader = new TestMetricReader();
+      const deltaReader = new TestDeltaMetricReader();
+
       const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
         resource: defaultResource,
         views: views,
+        readers: [cumulativeReader, deltaReader],
       });
 
-      const cumulativeReader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(cumulativeReader);
       const cumulativeCollector = cumulativeReader.getMetricCollector();
-
-      const deltaReader = new TestDeltaMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(deltaReader);
       const deltaCollector = deltaReader.getMetricCollector();
-
       const metricCollectors = [cumulativeCollector, deltaCollector];
 
       const meter = meterProvider.getMeter(
diff --git a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/state/MetricCollector.test.ts b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/state/MetricCollector.test.ts
index 8466a5a95c..f173a48446 100644
--- a/packages/sdk-metrics/test/state/MetricCollector.test.ts
+++ b/packages/sdk-metrics/test/state/MetricCollector.test.ts
@@ -55,10 +55,12 @@ describe('MetricCollector', () => {
 
   describe('collect', () => {
     function setupInstruments() {
-      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({ resource: defaultResource });
-
       const reader = new TestMetricReader();
-      meterProvider.addMetricReader(reader);
+      const meterProvider = new MeterProvider({
+        resource: defaultResource,
+        readers: [reader],
+      });
+
       const metricCollector = reader.getMetricCollector();
 
       const meter = meterProvider.getMeter(