diff --git a/.github/workflows/moodle-ci.yml b/.github/workflows/moodle-ci.yml
index 4e2026f2..18b9a7ec 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/moodle-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/moodle-ci.yml
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ jobs:
 
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        php: ['8.1']
-        moodle-branch: ['MOODLE_402_STABLE']
+        php: ['8.2']
+        moodle-branch: ['MOODLE_403_STABLE']
         database: ['pgsql']
 
     steps:
@@ -107,9 +107,12 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        php: ['8.0', '8.1']
-        moodle-branch: ['MOODLE_401_STABLE', 'MOODLE_402_STABLE']
+        php: ['8.0', '8.1', '8.2']
+        moodle-branch: ['MOODLE_401_STABLE', 'MOODLE_402_STABLE', 'MOODLE_403_STABLE']
         database: ['mariadb', 'pgsql']
+        exclude:
+          - php: '8.2'
+            moodle-branch: 'MOODLE_401_STABLE'
         include:
           - php: '7.4'
             moodle-branch: 'MOODLE_39_STABLE'
diff --git a/activeworkflows.php b/activeworkflows.php
index 9ce9c0a2..aca0133d 100644
--- a/activeworkflows.php
+++ b/activeworkflows.php
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     'inputname' => 'search',
     'extraclasses' => 'mb-3',
     'inform' => false,
-    'searchstring' => 'Search for courses'
+    'searchstring' => 'Search for courses',
 ]);
 
 echo $OUTPUT->heading(get_string('active_automatic_workflows_heading', 'tool_lifecycle'));
diff --git a/classes/event/process_proceeded.php b/classes/event/process_proceeded.php
index c3c9ac93..5aada6de 100644
--- a/classes/event/process_proceeded.php
+++ b/classes/event/process_proceeded.php
@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@ class process_proceeded extends \core\event\base {
      * @throws \dml_exception
      */
     public static function event_from_process($process) {
-        $data = array(
+        $data = [
                 'context' => \context_system::instance(),
-                'other' => array(
+                'other' => [
                         'processid' => $process->id,
                         'workflowid' => $process->workflowid,
                         'stepindex' => $process->stepindex,
-                        'courseid' => $process->courseid
-                )
-        );
+                        'courseid' => $process->courseid,
+                ],
+        ];
         return self::create($data);
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/event/process_rollback.php b/classes/event/process_rollback.php
index 5fadca09..cafc1031 100644
--- a/classes/event/process_rollback.php
+++ b/classes/event/process_rollback.php
@@ -53,15 +53,15 @@ class process_rollback extends \core\event\base {
      * @throws \dml_exception
      */
     public static function event_from_process($process) {
-        $data = array(
+        $data = [
                 'context' => \context_system::instance(),
-                'other' => array(
+                'other' => [
                     'processid' => $process->id,
                     'workflowid' => $process->workflowid,
                     'stepindex' => $process->stepindex,
-                    'courseid' => $process->courseid
-                )
-        );
+                    'courseid' => $process->courseid,
+                ],
+        ];
         return self::create($data);
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/event/process_triggered.php b/classes/event/process_triggered.php
index 0648b501..a71507ad 100644
--- a/classes/event/process_triggered.php
+++ b/classes/event/process_triggered.php
@@ -52,14 +52,14 @@ class process_triggered extends \core\event\base {
      * @throws \dml_exception
      */
     public static function event_from_process($process) {
-        $data = array(
+        $data = [
                 'context' => \context_system::instance(),
-                'other' => array(
+                'other' => [
                         'processid' => $process->id,
                         'workflowid' => $process->workflowid,
-                        'courseid' => $process->courseid
-                )
-        );
+                        'courseid' => $process->courseid,
+                ],
+        ];
         return self::create($data);
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/local/form/form_courses_filter.php b/classes/local/form/form_courses_filter.php
index f589bcea..a7b52ba9 100644
--- a/classes/local/form/form_courses_filter.php
+++ b/classes/local/form/form_courses_filter.php
@@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ public function definition() {
         $mform->setType('fullname', PARAM_TEXT);
 
         // Edited from $this->add_action_buttons to allow custom cancel text.
-        $buttonarray = array();
+        $buttonarray = [];
         $buttonarray[] = &$mform->createElement('submit', 'submitbutton',
             get_string('apply', 'tool_lifecycle'));
         $buttonarray[] = &$mform->createElement('cancel', 'cancel', get_string('reset'));
-        $mform->addGroup($buttonarray, 'buttonar', '', array(' '), false);
+        $mform->addGroup($buttonarray, 'buttonar', '', [' '], false);
         $mform->closeHeaderBefore('buttonar');
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/local/form/form_delays_filter.php b/classes/local/form/form_delays_filter.php
index 845e2163..3abcf120 100644
--- a/classes/local/form/form_delays_filter.php
+++ b/classes/local/form/form_delays_filter.php
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public function definition() {
         $activeworkflows = workflow_manager::get_active_workflows();
         $workflowoptions = [
                 '' => get_string('all_delays', 'tool_lifecycle'),
-                'global' => get_string('globally', 'tool_lifecycle')
+                'global' => get_string('globally', 'tool_lifecycle'),
         ];
         foreach ($activeworkflows as $activeworkflow) {
             // Only show non-static workflows.
diff --git a/classes/local/form/form_step_instance.php b/classes/local/form/form_step_instance.php
index f080413d..647df64c 100644
--- a/classes/local/form/form_step_instance.php
+++ b/classes/local/form/form_step_instance.php
@@ -139,9 +139,9 @@ private function add_cancel_button() {
         $mform =& $this->_form;
 
         // Add a group 'buttonar' to allow excluding it from freezing.
-        $buttonarray = array();
+        $buttonarray = [];
         $buttonarray[] = &$mform->createElement('cancel');
-        $mform->addGroup($buttonarray, 'buttonar', '', array(' '), false);
+        $mform->addGroup($buttonarray, 'buttonar', '', [' '], false);
         $mform->closeHeaderBefore('buttonar');
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/local/form/form_trigger_instance.php b/classes/local/form/form_trigger_instance.php
index 0ac8f901..69d11327 100644
--- a/classes/local/form/form_trigger_instance.php
+++ b/classes/local/form/form_trigger_instance.php
@@ -144,9 +144,9 @@ public function definition() {
     private function add_cancel_button() {
         $mform =& $this->_form;
 
-        $buttonarray = array();
+        $buttonarray = [];
         $buttonarray[] = &$mform->createElement('cancel');
-        $mform->addGroup($buttonarray, 'buttonar', '', array(' '), false);
+        $mform->addGroup($buttonarray, 'buttonar', '', [' '], false);
         $mform->closeHeaderBefore('buttonar');
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/local/form/form_upload_workflow.php b/classes/local/form/form_upload_workflow.php
index 5ce328c7..5ccd6aec 100644
--- a/classes/local/form/form_upload_workflow.php
+++ b/classes/local/form/form_upload_workflow.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public function definition() {
         $mform = $this->_form;
 
         $mform->addElement('filepicker', 'backupfile', get_string('file'), null,
-            array('accepted_types' => 'xml'));
+            ['accepted_types' => 'xml']);
         $this->add_action_buttons('true', get_string('upload'));
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/local/manager/backup_manager.php b/classes/local/manager/backup_manager.php
index f7752b45..4ad70e31 100644
--- a/classes/local/manager/backup_manager.php
+++ b/classes/local/manager/backup_manager.php
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public static function create_course_backup($courseid) {
      */
     public static function restore_course_backup($backupid) {
         global $DB, $CFG;
-        $backuprecord = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_backups', array('id' => $backupid));
+        $backuprecord = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_backups', ['id' => $backupid]);
 
         // Check if backup tmp dir exists.
         $backuptmpdir = $CFG->tempdir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'backup';
@@ -125,10 +125,10 @@ public static function restore_course_backup($backupid) {
 
         $context = \context_system::instance();
         $restoreurl = new \moodle_url('/backup/restore.php',
-            array(
+            [
                 'contextid' => $context->id,
                 'filename' => $targetfilename,
-            )
+            ]
         );
         redirect($restoreurl);
 
diff --git a/classes/local/manager/delayed_courses_manager.php b/classes/local/manager/delayed_courses_manager.php
index b2520a9b..37d112f5 100644
--- a/classes/local/manager/delayed_courses_manager.php
+++ b/classes/local/manager/delayed_courses_manager.php
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public static function set_course_delayed_for_workflow($courseid, $becauserollba
         } else {
             $delayeduntil = time() + $duration;
             $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf',
-                        array('courseid' => $courseid, 'workflowid' => $workflow->id));
+                        ['courseid' => $courseid, 'workflowid' => $workflow->id]);
             if (!$record) {
                 $record = new \stdClass();
                 $record->courseid = $courseid;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public static function set_course_delayed_for_workflow($courseid, $becauserollba
     public static function get_delayed_courses_for_workflow($workflowid) {
         global $DB;
         $sql = 'SELECT courseid FROM {tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf} WHERE delayeduntil > :now AND workflowid = :workflowid';
-        return $DB->get_fieldset_sql($sql, array('now' => time(), 'workflowid' => $workflowid));
+        return $DB->get_fieldset_sql($sql, ['now' => time(), 'workflowid' => $workflowid]);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public static function get_delayed_courses_for_workflow($workflowid) {
     public static function set_course_delayed($courseid, $duration) {
         global $DB;
         $delayeduntil = time() + $duration;
-        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_delayed', array('courseid' => $courseid));
+        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_delayed', ['courseid' => $courseid]);
         if (!$record) {
             $record = new \stdClass();
             $record->courseid = $courseid;
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public static function set_course_delayed($courseid, $duration) {
      */
     public static function get_course_delayed($courseid) {
         global $DB;
-        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_delayed', array('courseid' => $courseid));
+        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_delayed', ['courseid' => $courseid]);
         if ($record) {
             return $record->delayeduntil;
         } else {
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ public static function get_course_delayed($courseid) {
      */
     public static function get_course_delayed_wheresql() {
         $where = "{course}.id IN (SELECT courseid FROM {tool_lifecycle_delayed} WHERE delayeduntil > :now)";
-        $params = array("now" => time());
-        return array($where, $params);
+        $params = ["now" => time()];
+        return [$where, $params];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ public static function get_course_delayed_wheresql() {
     public static function get_globally_delayed_courses() {
         global $DB;
         $sql = 'SELECT courseid FROM {tool_lifecycle_delayed} WHERE delayeduntil > :now';
-        return $DB->get_fieldset_sql($sql, array('now' => time()));
+        return $DB->get_fieldset_sql($sql, ['now' => time()]);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -156,6 +156,6 @@ public static function get_globally_delayed_courses() {
      */
     public static function remove_delay_entry($courseid) {
         global $DB;
-        $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed', array('courseid' => $courseid));
+        $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed', ['courseid' => $courseid]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/classes/local/manager/process_data_manager.php b/classes/local/manager/process_data_manager.php
index 722e2a6a..ce06ae64 100644
--- a/classes/local/manager/process_data_manager.php
+++ b/classes/local/manager/process_data_manager.php
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ class process_data_manager {
      */
     public static function get_process_data($processid, $stepid, $key) {
         global $DB;
-        $params = array(
+        $params = [
             'processid' => $processid,
             'keyname' => $key,
-        );
+        ];
         if (step_manager::is_process_data_instance_dependent($stepid)) {
             $params['stepid'] = $stepid;
         } else {
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ public static function get_process_data($processid, $stepid, $key) {
      */
     public static function set_process_data($processid, $stepid, $key, $value) {
         global $DB;
-        $entry = array(
+        $entry = [
             'processid' => $processid,
             'keyname' => $key,
-        );
+        ];
         if (step_manager::is_process_data_instance_dependent($stepid)) {
             $entry['stepid'] = $stepid;
         } else {
diff --git a/classes/local/manager/process_manager.php b/classes/local/manager/process_manager.php
index b0b92039..ca92f0de 100644
--- a/classes/local/manager/process_manager.php
+++ b/classes/local/manager/process_manager.php
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public static function manually_trigger_process($courseid, $triggerid) {
     public static function get_processes() {
         global $DB;
         $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_process');
-        $processes = array();
+        $processes = [];
         foreach ($records as $record) {
             $processes[] = process::from_record($record);
         }
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public static function get_processes() {
      */
     public static function get_process_by_id($processid) {
         global $DB;
-        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_process', array('id' => $processid));
+        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_process', ['id' => $processid]);
         if ($record) {
             return process::from_record($record);
         } else {
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public static function get_process_by_id($processid) {
      */
     public static function count_processes_by_workflow($workflowid) {
         global $DB;
-        return $DB->count_records('tool_lifecycle_process', array('workflowid' => $workflowid));
+        return $DB->count_records('tool_lifecycle_process', ['workflowid' => $workflowid]);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ public static function count_processes_by_workflow($workflowid) {
      */
     public static function get_processes_by_workflow($workflowid) {
         global $DB;
-        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_process', array('workflowid' => $workflowid));
-        $processes = array();
+        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_process', ['workflowid' => $workflowid]);
+        $processes = [];
         foreach ($records as $record) {
             $processes[] = process::from_record($record);
         }
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ public static function rollback_process($process) {
      */
     private static function remove_process($process) {
         global $DB;
-        $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_procdata', array('processid' => $process->id));
+        $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_procdata', ['processid' => $process->id]);
         $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_process', (array) $process);
     }
 
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ private static function remove_process($process) {
      */
     public static function get_process_by_course_id($courseid) {
         global $DB;
-        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_process', array('courseid' => $courseid));
+        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_process', ['courseid' => $courseid]);
         if ($record) {
             return process::from_record($record);
         } else {
diff --git a/classes/local/manager/settings_manager.php b/classes/local/manager/settings_manager.php
index 4db7be7e..6f0aade4 100644
--- a/classes/local/manager/settings_manager.php
+++ b/classes/local/manager/settings_manager.php
@@ -109,10 +109,10 @@ public static function save_settings($instanceid, $type, $subpluginname, $data,
                     $cleanedvalue = clean_param($value, $setting->paramtype);
                 }
                 $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_settings',
-                    array(
+                    [
                         'instanceid' => $instanceid,
                         'type' => $type,
-                        'name' => $setting->name)
+                        'name' => $setting->name, ]
                 );
                 if ($record) {
                     if ($record->value != $cleanedvalue) {
@@ -164,11 +164,11 @@ public static function get_settings($instanceid, $type) {
             $lib = lib_manager::get_step_lib($instance->subpluginname);
         }
 
-        $settingsvalues = array();
+        $settingsvalues = [];
         foreach ($lib->instance_settings() as $setting) {
-            $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_settings', array('instanceid' => $instanceid,
+            $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_settings', ['instanceid' => $instanceid,
                     'type' => $type,
-                    'name' => $setting->name));
+                    'name' => $setting->name, ]);
             if ($record) {
                 $value = clean_param($record->value, $setting->paramtype);
                 $settingsvalues[$setting->name] = $value;
@@ -189,8 +189,8 @@ public static function remove_settings($instanceid, $type) {
         self::validate_type($type);
 
         $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_settings',
-                array('instanceid' => $instanceid,
-                    'type' => $type));
+                ['instanceid' => $instanceid,
+                    'type' => $type, ]);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/classes/local/manager/step_manager.php b/classes/local/manager/step_manager.php
index cd58d1a5..c82c9cec 100644
--- a/classes/local/manager/step_manager.php
+++ b/classes/local/manager/step_manager.php
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class step_manager extends subplugin_manager {
      */
     public static function get_step_instance($stepinstanceid) {
         global $DB;
-        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_step', array('id' => $stepinstanceid));
+        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_step', ['id' => $stepinstanceid]);
         if ($record) {
             $subplugin = step_subplugin::from_record($record);
             return $subplugin;
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ public static function get_step_instance($stepinstanceid) {
     public static function get_step_instance_by_workflow_index($workflowid, $sortindex) {
         global $DB;
         $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_step',
-            array(
+            [
                 'workflowid' => $workflowid,
-                'sortindex' => $sortindex)
+                'sortindex' => $sortindex, ]
         );
         if ($record) {
             $subplugin = step_subplugin::from_record($record);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ public static function remove_all_instances($subpluginname) {
     private static function remove($stepinstanceid) {
         global $DB;
         $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
-        if ($record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_step', array('id' => $stepinstanceid))) {
+        if ($record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_step', ['id' => $stepinstanceid])) {
             $step = step_subplugin::from_record($record);
             self::remove_from_sortindex($step);
             settings_manager::remove_settings($step->id, settings_type::STEP);
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ private static function remove_from_sortindex(&$toberemoved) {
         if (isset($toberemoved->sortindex)) {
             $subplugins = $DB->get_records_select('tool_lifecycle_step',
                 "sortindex > $toberemoved->sortindex",
-                array('workflowid' => $toberemoved->workflowid));
+                ['workflowid' => $toberemoved->workflowid]);
             foreach ($subplugins as $record) {
                 $subplugin = step_subplugin::from_record($record);
                 $subplugin->sortindex--;
@@ -174,9 +174,9 @@ public static function change_sortindex($stepid, $up) {
         $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
 
         $otherrecord = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_step',
-            array(
+            [
                 'sortindex' => $otherindex,
-                'workflowid' => $step->workflowid)
+                'workflowid' => $step->workflowid, ]
         );
         $otherstep = step_subplugin::from_record($otherrecord);
 
@@ -196,10 +196,10 @@ public static function change_sortindex($stepid, $up) {
      */
     public static function get_step_instances($workflowid) {
         global $DB;
-        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_step', array(
-            'workflowid' => $workflowid
-        ), 'sortindex');
-        $steps = array();
+        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_step', [
+            'workflowid' => $workflowid,
+        ], 'sortindex');
+        $steps = [];
         foreach ($records as $id => $record) {
             $steps[$id] = step_subplugin::from_record($record);
         }
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ public static function get_step_instances($workflowid) {
      */
     public static function get_step_instances_by_subpluginname($subpluginname) {
         global $DB;
-        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_step', array('subpluginname' => $subpluginname));
-        $steps = array();
+        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_step', ['subpluginname' => $subpluginname]);
+        $steps = [];
         foreach ($records as $id => $record) {
             $steps[$id] = step_subplugin::from_record($record);
         }
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ public static function get_step_instances_by_subpluginname($subpluginname) {
      */
     public static function get_step_types() {
         $subplugins = \core_component::get_plugin_list('lifecyclestep');
-        $result = array();
+        $result = [];
         foreach (array_keys($subplugins) as $plugin) {
             $result[$plugin] = get_string('pluginname', 'lifecyclestep_' . $plugin);
         }
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ public static function is_process_data_instance_dependent($stepid) {
     public static function count_steps_of_workflow($workflowid) {
         global $DB;
         return $DB->count_records('tool_lifecycle_step',
-            array('workflowid' => $workflowid)
+            ['workflowid' => $workflowid]
         );
     }
 
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ public static function remove_instances_of_workflow($workflowid) {
         foreach ($instances as $instance) {
             settings_manager::remove_settings($instance->id, settings_type::STEP);
         }
-        $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_step', array('workflowid' => $workflowid));
+        $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_step', ['workflowid' => $workflowid]);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/classes/local/manager/trigger_manager.php b/classes/local/manager/trigger_manager.php
index dc33b086..20f20a21 100644
--- a/classes/local/manager/trigger_manager.php
+++ b/classes/local/manager/trigger_manager.php
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ public static function get_instance($instanceid) {
      */
     public static function get_instances($subpluginname) {
         global $DB;
-        $result = array();
-        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_trigger', array('subpluginname' => $subpluginname));
+        $result = [];
+        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_trigger', ['subpluginname' => $subpluginname]);
         foreach ($records as $record) {
             $subplugin = trigger_subplugin::from_record($record);
             $result[] = $subplugin;
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public static function get_instances($subpluginname) {
      */
     private static function get_subplugin_by_id($subpluginid) {
         global $DB;
-        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_trigger', array('id' => $subpluginid));
+        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_trigger', ['id' => $subpluginid]);
         if ($record) {
             $subplugin = trigger_subplugin::from_record($record);
             return $subplugin;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public static function remove_all_instances($subpluginname) {
     private static function remove($triggerinstanceid) {
         global $DB;
         $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
-        if ($record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_trigger', array('id' => $triggerinstanceid))) {
+        if ($record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_trigger', ['id' => $triggerinstanceid])) {
             $trigger = trigger_subplugin::from_record($record);
             self::remove_from_sortindex($trigger);
             settings_manager::remove_settings($trigger->id, settings_type::TRIGGER);
@@ -160,8 +160,8 @@ private static function remove($triggerinstanceid) {
      */
     public static function get_triggers_for_workflow($workflowid) {
         global $DB;
-        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_trigger', array('workflowid' => $workflowid), 'sortindex');
-        $output = array();
+        $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_trigger', ['workflowid' => $workflowid], 'sortindex');
+        $output = [];
         foreach ($records as $record) {
             $subplugin = trigger_subplugin::from_record($record);
             $output[] = $subplugin;
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ private static function remove_from_sortindex(&$toberemoved) {
         if (isset($toberemoved->sortindex)) {
             $subplugins = $DB->get_records_select('tool_lifecycle_trigger',
                 "sortindex > $toberemoved->sortindex",
-                array('workflowid' => $toberemoved->workflowid));
+                ['workflowid' => $toberemoved->workflowid]);
             foreach ($subplugins as $record) {
                 $subplugin = trigger_subplugin::from_record($record);
                 $subplugin->sortindex--;
@@ -216,9 +216,9 @@ public static function change_sortindex($triggerid, $up) {
         $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
 
         $otherrecord = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_trigger',
-            array(
+            [
                 'sortindex' => $otherindex,
-                'workflowid' => $trigger->workflowid)
+                'workflowid' => $trigger->workflowid, ]
         );
         $othertrigger = trigger_subplugin::from_record($otherrecord);
 
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ public static function change_sortindex($triggerid, $up) {
      */
     public static function get_trigger_types() {
         $subplugins = \core_component::get_plugin_list('lifecycletrigger');
-        $result = array();
+        $result = [];
         foreach (array_keys($subplugins) as $plugin) {
             $result[$plugin] = get_string('pluginname', 'lifecycletrigger_' . $plugin);
         }
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ public static function get_trigger_types() {
      */
     public static function get_chooseable_trigger_types() {
         $triggers = self::get_trigger_types();
-        $result = array();
+        $result = [];
         foreach ($triggers as $id => $trigger) {
             $lib = lib_manager::get_trigger_lib($id);
             if ($lib->has_multiple_instances()) {
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ public static function handle_action($action, $subpluginid, $workflowid) {
     public static function count_triggers_of_workflow($workflowid) {
         global $DB;
         return $DB->count_records('tool_lifecycle_trigger',
-            array('workflowid' => $workflowid)
+            ['workflowid' => $workflowid]
         );
     }
 
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ public static function remove_instances_of_workflow($workflowid) {
         foreach ($instances as $instance) {
             settings_manager::remove_settings($instance->id, settings_type::TRIGGER);
         }
-        $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_trigger', array('workflowid' => $workflowid));
+        $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_trigger', ['workflowid' => $workflowid]);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/classes/local/manager/workflow_manager.php b/classes/local/manager/workflow_manager.php
index 13d5cae6..97465f54 100644
--- a/classes/local/manager/workflow_manager.php
+++ b/classes/local/manager/workflow_manager.php
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public static function remove($workflowid, $hard = false) {
         if ($hard || self::is_removable($workflowid)) {
             trigger_manager::remove_instances_of_workflow($workflowid);
             step_manager::remove_instances_of_workflow($workflowid);
-            $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_workflow', array('id' => $workflowid));
+            $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_workflow', ['id' => $workflowid]);
         }
     }
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public static function abortprocesses($workflowid) {
      */
     public static function get_workflow($workflowid) {
         global $DB;
-        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_workflow', array('id' => $workflowid));
+        $record = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_workflow', ['id' => $workflowid]);
         if ($record) {
             $workflow = workflow::from_record($record);
             return $workflow;
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public static function get_workflow($workflowid) {
      */
     public static function get_workflows() {
         global $DB;
-        $result = array();
+        $result = [];
         $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_workflow');
         foreach ($records as $record) {
             $result[] = workflow::from_record($record);
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ public static function get_active_workflows() {
         $records = $DB->get_records_sql(
             'SELECT * FROM {tool_lifecycle_workflow}
                   WHERE timeactive IS NOT NULL ORDER BY sortindex');
-        $result = array();
+        $result = [];
         foreach ($records as $record) {
             $result[] = workflow::from_record($record);
         }
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ public static function get_active_automatic_workflows() {
         $records = $DB->get_records_sql(
             'SELECT * FROM {tool_lifecycle_workflow}
                   WHERE timeactive IS NOT NULL AND
-                  manual = ? ORDER BY sortindex', array(false));
-        $result = array();
+                  manual = ? ORDER BY sortindex', [false]);
+        $result = [];
         foreach ($records as $record) {
             $result[] = workflow::from_record($record);
         }
@@ -186,8 +186,8 @@ public static function get_active_manual_workflow_triggers() {
         global $DB;
         $sql = 'SELECT t.* FROM {tool_lifecycle_workflow} w JOIN {tool_lifecycle_trigger} t ON t.workflowid = w.id' .
             ' WHERE w.timeactive IS NOT NULL AND w.manual = ?';
-        $records = $DB->get_records_sql($sql, array(true));
-        $result = array();
+        $records = $DB->get_records_sql($sql, [true]);
+        $result = [];
         foreach ($records as $record) {
             $result[] = trigger_subplugin::from_record($record);
         }
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ public static function get_active_manual_workflow_triggers() {
      */
     public static function get_manual_trigger_tools_for_active_workflows() {
         $triggers = self::get_active_manual_workflow_triggers();
-        $tools = array();
+        $tools = [];
         foreach ($triggers as $trigger) {
             $settings = settings_manager::get_settings($trigger->id, settings_type::TRIGGER);
             $tools[] = new manual_trigger_tool($trigger->id, $settings['icon'], $settings['displayname'], $settings['capability']);
@@ -325,8 +325,8 @@ public static function change_sortindex($workflowid, $up) {
         $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
 
         $otherrecord = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_workflow',
-            array(
-                'sortindex' => $otherindex)
+            [
+                'sortindex' => $otherindex, ]
         );
         $otherworkflow = workflow::from_record($otherrecord);
 
diff --git a/classes/local/table/active_processes_table.php b/classes/local/table/active_processes_table.php
index 2c2a3c70..3e3a7a40 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/active_processes_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/active_processes_table.php
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public function __construct($uniqueid, $filterdata) {
             get_string('fullnamecourse'),
             get_string('workflow', 'tool_lifecycle'),
             get_string('step', 'tool_lifecycle'),
-            get_string('tools', 'tool_lifecycle')]);
+            get_string('tools', 'tool_lifecycle'), ]);
 
         $this->column_nosort = ['tools'];
     }
diff --git a/classes/local/table/active_workflows_table.php b/classes/local/table/active_workflows_table.php
index c3142d03..d0bd1222 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/active_workflows_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/active_workflows_table.php
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ public function col_tools($row) {
         $alt = get_string('viewsteps', 'tool_lifecycle');
         $icon = 't/viewdetails';
         $overviewurl = new \moodle_url(urls::WORKFLOW_DETAILS,
-            array('wf' => $row->id));
-        $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($overviewurl, new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', array('title' => $alt)),
-            null, array('title' => $alt));
+            ['wf' => $row->id]);
+        $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($overviewurl, new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', ['title' => $alt]),
+            null, ['title' => $alt]);
 
         if (workflow_manager::is_disableable($row->id)) {
             $action = action::WORKFLOW_BACKUP;
@@ -69,22 +69,22 @@ public function col_tools($row) {
             $alt = get_string('disableworkflow', 'tool_lifecycle');
             $icon = 't/disable';
             $url = new \moodle_url(urls::DEACTIVATED_WORKFLOWS,
-                array('workflowid' => $row->id, 'action' => action::WORKFLOW_DISABLE, 'sesskey' => sesskey()));
+                ['workflowid' => $row->id, 'action' => action::WORKFLOW_DISABLE, 'sesskey' => sesskey()]);
             $confirmaction = new \confirm_action(get_string('disableworkflow_confirm', 'tool_lifecycle'));
             $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url,
-                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'tool_lifecycle', array('title' => $alt)),
+                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'tool_lifecycle', ['title' => $alt]),
                 $confirmaction,
-                array('title' => $alt));
+                ['title' => $alt]);
 
             $alt = get_string('abortdisableworkflow', 'tool_lifecycle');
             $icon = 't/stop';
             $url = new \moodle_url(urls::DEACTIVATED_WORKFLOWS,
-                array('workflowid' => $row->id, 'action' => action::WORKFLOW_ABORTDISABLE, 'sesskey' => sesskey()));
+                ['workflowid' => $row->id, 'action' => action::WORKFLOW_ABORTDISABLE, 'sesskey' => sesskey()]);
             $confirmaction = new \confirm_action(get_string('abortdisableworkflow_confirm', 'tool_lifecycle'));
             $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url,
-                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', array('title' => $alt)),
+                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', ['title' => $alt]),
                 $confirmaction,
-                array('title' => $alt)
+                ['title' => $alt]
             );
         }
 
diff --git a/classes/local/table/course_backups_table.php b/classes/local/table/course_backups_table.php
index 6444969a..0739ab3c 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/course_backups_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/course_backups_table.php
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public function init() {
             get_string('fullnamecourse'),
             get_string('backupcreated', 'tool_lifecycle'),
             get_string('download', 'tool_lifecycle'),
-            get_string('restore', 'tool_lifecycle')]);
+            get_string('restore', 'tool_lifecycle'), ]);
         $this->setup();
     }
 
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ public function col_backupcreated($row) {
      */
     public function col_download($row) {
         return \html_writer::link(
-                new \moodle_url('/admin/tool/lifecycle/downloadbackup.php', array('backupid' => $row->id)),
+                new \moodle_url('/admin/tool/lifecycle/downloadbackup.php', ['backupid' => $row->id]),
                 get_string('download', 'tool_lifecycle')
         );
     }
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ public function col_download($row) {
      */
     public function col_restore($row) {
         return \html_writer::link(
-            new \moodle_url('/admin/tool/lifecycle/restore.php', array('backupid' => $row->id)),
+            new \moodle_url('/admin/tool/lifecycle/restore.php', ['backupid' => $row->id]),
                 get_string('restore', 'tool_lifecycle')
         );
     }
diff --git a/classes/local/table/courses_in_step_table.php b/classes/local/table/courses_in_step_table.php
index f23d1ef0..d14a57ae 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/courses_in_step_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/courses_in_step_table.php
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public function __construct($step, $courseid) {
 
         $where = "p.stepindex = :stepindex AND p.workflowid = :wfid";
 
-        $this->column_nosort = array('status', 'tools');
+        $this->column_nosort = ['status', 'tools'];
         $this->set_sql($fields, $from, $where, ['stepindex' => $step->sortindex, 'wfid' => $step->workflowid]);
         if ($courseid) {
             $this->set_sortdata([]);
diff --git a/classes/local/table/deactivated_workflows_table.php b/classes/local/table/deactivated_workflows_table.php
index e6d3d182..37f867e5 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/deactivated_workflows_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/deactivated_workflows_table.php
@@ -89,20 +89,20 @@ public function col_tools($row) {
         $alt = get_string('viewsteps', 'tool_lifecycle');
         $icon = 't/viewdetails';
         $url = new \moodle_url(urls::WORKFLOW_DETAILS,
-            array('wf' => $row->id));
-        $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url, new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', array('title' => $alt)),
-            null, array('title' => $alt));
+            ['wf' => $row->id]);
+        $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url, new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', ['title' => $alt]),
+            null, ['title' => $alt]);
 
         if (workflow_manager::is_abortable($row->id)) {
             $alt = get_string('abortprocesses', 'tool_lifecycle');
             $icon = 't/stop';
             $url = new \moodle_url(urls::DEACTIVATED_WORKFLOWS,
-                array('workflowid' => $row->id, 'action' => action::WORKFLOW_ABORT, 'sesskey' => sesskey()));
+                ['workflowid' => $row->id, 'action' => action::WORKFLOW_ABORT, 'sesskey' => sesskey()]);
             $confirmaction = new \confirm_action(get_string('abortprocesses_confirm', 'tool_lifecycle'));
             $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url,
-                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', array('title' => $alt)),
+                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', ['title' => $alt]),
                 $confirmaction,
-                array('title' => $alt)
+                ['title' => $alt]
             );
         }
 
@@ -110,12 +110,12 @@ public function col_tools($row) {
             $alt = get_string('deleteworkflow', 'tool_lifecycle');
             $icon = 't/delete';
             $url = new \moodle_url(urls::DEACTIVATED_WORKFLOWS,
-                array('workflowid' => $row->id, 'action' => action::WORKFLOW_DELETE, 'sesskey' => sesskey()));
+                ['workflowid' => $row->id, 'action' => action::WORKFLOW_DELETE, 'sesskey' => sesskey()]);
             $confirmaction = new \confirm_action(get_string('deleteworkflow_confirm', 'tool_lifecycle'));
             $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url,
-                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', array('title' => $alt)),
+                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', ['title' => $alt]),
                 $confirmaction,
-                array('title' => $alt)
+                ['title' => $alt]
             );
         }
 
diff --git a/classes/local/table/delayed_courses_table.php b/classes/local/table/delayed_courses_table.php
index fe2c1e9b..b87e9c7c 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/delayed_courses_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/delayed_courses_table.php
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ public function __construct($filterdata) {
                 get_string('coursename', 'tool_lifecycle'),
                 get_string('category'),
                 get_string('delays', 'tool_lifecycle'),
-                get_string('tools', 'tool_lifecycle')
+                get_string('tools', 'tool_lifecycle'),
         ]);
     }
 
@@ -175,13 +175,13 @@ public function col_workflow($row) {
                 $dateformat = get_string('strftimedatetimeshort', 'core_langconfig');
                 $date = userdate($row->workflowdelay, $dateformat);
                 $text = get_string('delayed_for_workflow_until', 'tool_lifecycle',
-                        array('name' => $row->workflow, 'date' => $date));
+                        ['name' => $row->workflow, 'date' => $date]);
             } else {
                 $text = get_string('delayed_for_workflows', 'tool_lifecycle', $row->workflowcount);
             }
         }
 
-        return \html_writer::start_span('tool_lifecycle-hint', array('title' => $this->get_mouseover($row))) .
+        return \html_writer::start_span('tool_lifecycle-hint', ['title' => $this->get_mouseover($row)]) .
                 $text .
                 \html_writer::end_span();
     }
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ private function get_mouseover($row) {
         if ($row->workflowcount == 1) {
             $date = userdate($row->workflowdelay, $dateformat);
             $text .= get_string('name_until_date', 'tool_lifecycle',
-                    array('name' => $row->workflow, 'date' => $date)) . '
';
+                    ['name' => $row->workflow, 'date' => $date]) . '
';
         } else if ($row->workflowcount > 1) {
             $sql = 'SELECT dw.id, dw.delayeduntil, w.title
                     FROM {tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf} dw
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ private function get_mouseover($row) {
             foreach ($records as $record) {
                 $date = userdate($record->delayeduntil, $dateformat);
                 $text .= get_string('name_until_date', 'tool_lifecycle',
-                        array('name' => $record->title, 'date' => $date)) . '
';
+                        ['name' => $record->title, 'date' => $date]) . '
';
             }
         }
         return $text;
@@ -233,11 +233,11 @@ private function get_mouseover($row) {
     public function col_tools($row) {
         global $PAGE, $OUTPUT;
 
-        $params = array(
+        $params = [
                 'action' => 'delete',
                 'cid' => $row->courseid,
-                'sesskey' => sesskey()
-        );
+                'sesskey' => sesskey(),
+        ];
 
         if ($this->workflow) {
             $params['workflow'] = $this->workflow;
diff --git a/classes/local/table/interaction_attention_table.php b/classes/local/table/interaction_attention_table.php
index 6cf8c504..2624831d 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/interaction_attention_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/interaction_attention_table.php
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public function __construct($uniqueid, $courseids, $filterdata = null) {
             }
         }
 
-        $this->column_nosort = array('status', 'tools');
+        $this->column_nosort = ['status', 'tools'];
         $this->set_sql($fields, $from, join(" AND ", $where), $params);
         $this->define_baseurl($PAGE->url);
         $this->init();
@@ -155,12 +155,12 @@ private function format_icon_link($action, $processid, $stepinstanceid, $alt) {
         global $PAGE, $OUTPUT;
 
         $button = new \single_button(new \moodle_url($PAGE->url,
-            array(
+            [
                 'stepid' => $stepinstanceid,
                 'action' => $action,
                 'processid' => $processid,
-                'sesskey' => sesskey()
-            )), $alt
+                'sesskey' => sesskey(),
+            ]), $alt
         );
         return $OUTPUT->render($button);
     }
diff --git a/classes/local/table/interaction_remaining_table.php b/classes/local/table/interaction_remaining_table.php
index 039dc7e5..710ffa68 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/interaction_remaining_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/interaction_remaining_table.php
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public function __construct($uniqueid, $courseids) {
             $where = 'c.id IN ('. $ids . ')';
         }
 
-        $this->column_nosort = array('status', 'tools');
+        $this->column_nosort = ['status', 'tools'];
         $this->sortable(true, 'lastmodified', 'DESC');
         $this->set_sql($fields, $from, $where, []);
         $this->set_count_sql("SELECT COUNT(1) FROM {course} c WHERE $where");
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@ public function col_tools($row) {
         foreach ($this->availabletools as $tool) {
             if (has_capability($tool->capability, \context_course::instance($row->courseid), null, false)) {
                 $actions[$tool->triggerid] = new \action_menu_link_secondary(
-                    new \moodle_url($PAGE->url, array('triggerid' => $tool->triggerid,
-                        'courseid' => $row->courseid, 'sesskey' => sesskey())),
-                    new \pix_icon($tool->icon, $tool->displayname, 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall', 'title' => '')),
+                    new \moodle_url($PAGE->url, ['triggerid' => $tool->triggerid,
+                        'courseid' => $row->courseid, 'sesskey' => sesskey(), ]),
+                    new \pix_icon($tool->icon, $tool->displayname, 'moodle', ['class' => 'iconsmall', 'title' => '']),
                     $tool->displayname
                 );
             }
diff --git a/classes/local/table/process_errors_table.php b/classes/local/table/process_errors_table.php
index 545a883d..d7463d17 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/process_errors_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/process_errors_table.php
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public function __construct() {
 
         $this->strings = [
                 'proceed' => get_string('proceed', 'tool_lifecycle'),
-                'rollback' => get_string('rollback', 'tool_lifecycle')
+                'rollback' => get_string('rollback', 'tool_lifecycle'),
         ];
 
         $fields = 'c.fullname as course, w.title as workflow, s.instancename as step, pe.*';
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public function __construct() {
                 get_string('courseid', 'tool_lifecycle'),
                 get_string('course'),
                 get_string('error'),
-                get_string('tools', 'tool_lifecycle')
+                get_string('tools', 'tool_lifecycle'),
         ]);
     }
 
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ public function __construct() {
      */
     public function col_error($row) {
         return "<details><summary>" .
-                nl2br(htmlentities($row->errormessage)) .
+                nl2br(htmlentities($row->errormessage, ENT_COMPAT)) .
                 "</summary><code>" .
-                nl2br(htmlentities($row->errortrace)) .
+                nl2br(htmlentities($row->errortrace, ENT_COMPAT)) .
                 "</code></details>";
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/local/table/workflow_definition_table.php b/classes/local/table/workflow_definition_table.php
index b394d3bb..e2db1356 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/workflow_definition_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/workflow_definition_table.php
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@ public function col_timeactive($row) {
         }
         if (workflow_manager::is_valid($row->id)) {
             return $OUTPUT->single_button(new \moodle_url(urls::ACTIVE_WORKFLOWS,
-                array('action' => action::WORKFLOW_ACTIVATE,
+                ['action' => action::WORKFLOW_ACTIVATE,
                     'sesskey' => sesskey(),
-                    'workflowid' => $row->id)),
+                    'workflowid' => $row->id, ]),
                 get_string('activateworkflow', 'tool_lifecycle'));
         } else {
             return $OUTPUT->pix_icon('i/warning', get_string('invalid_workflow_details', 'tool_lifecycle')) .
@@ -111,9 +111,9 @@ public function col_tools($row) {
         $alt = get_string('viewsteps', 'tool_lifecycle');
         $icon = 't/viewdetails';
         $url = new \moodle_url(urls::WORKFLOW_DETAILS,
-            array('wf' => $row->id));
-        $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url, new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', array('title' => $alt)),
-            null, array('title' => $alt));
+            ['wf' => $row->id]);
+        $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url, new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', ['title' => $alt]),
+            null, ['title' => $alt]);
 
         $trigger = trigger_manager::get_triggers_for_workflow($row->id);
         if (!empty($trigger)) {
diff --git a/classes/local/table/workflow_table.php b/classes/local/table/workflow_table.php
index 88e237d9..1763c0a5 100644
--- a/classes/local/table/workflow_table.php
+++ b/classes/local/table/workflow_table.php
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ public function col_timeactive($row) {
             return userdate($row->timeactive, get_string('strftimedatetime'), 0);
         }
         return $OUTPUT->single_button(new \moodle_url($PAGE->url,
-            array('action' => action::WORKFLOW_ACTIVATE,
+            ['action' => action::WORKFLOW_ACTIVATE,
                 'sesskey' => sesskey(),
-                'workflowid' => $row->id)),
+                'workflowid' => $row->id, ]),
             get_string('activateworkflow', 'tool_lifecycle'));
     }
 
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ public function col_tools($row) {
         $alt = get_string('viewsteps', 'tool_lifecycle');
         $icon = 't/viewdetails';
         $url = new \moodle_url(urls::WORKFLOW_DETAILS,
-            array('wf' => $row->id));
-        $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url, new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', array('title' => $alt)),
-            null, array('title' => $alt));
+            ['wf' => $row->id]);
+        $output .= $OUTPUT->action_icon($url, new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', ['title' => $alt]),
+            null, ['title' => $alt]);
 
         return $output;
     }
@@ -154,11 +154,11 @@ protected function format_icon_link($action, $workflowid, $icon, $alt) {
         global $OUTPUT, $PAGE;
 
         return $OUTPUT->action_icon(new \moodle_url($PAGE->url,
-                array('action' => $action,
+                ['action' => $action,
                     'workflowid' => $workflowid,
-                    'sesskey' => sesskey())),
-                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', array('title' => $alt)),
-                null , array('title' => $alt)) . ' ';
+                    'sesskey' => sesskey(), ]),
+                new \pix_icon($icon, $alt, 'moodle', ['title' => $alt]),
+                null , ['title' => $alt]) . ' ';
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/classes/privacy/provider.php b/classes/privacy/provider.php
index d320f46c..96745bb4 100644
--- a/classes/privacy/provider.php
+++ b/classes/privacy/provider.php
@@ -59,15 +59,15 @@ class provider implements
      */
     public static function get_metadata(collection $collection): collection {
         $collection->add_database_table('tool_lifecycle_action_log',
-                array(
+                [
                         'processid' => 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log:processid',
                         'workflowid' => 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log:workflowid',
                         'courseid' => 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log:courseid',
                         'stepindex' => 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log:stepindex',
                         'time' => 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log:time',
                         'userid' => 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log:userid',
-                        'action' => 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log:action'
-                ),
+                        'action' => 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log:action',
+                ],
                 'privacy:metadata:tool_lifecycle_action_log');
         return $collection;
     }
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public static function get_metadata(collection $collection): collection {
     public static function get_contexts_for_userid(int $userid): contextlist {
         global $DB;
         $contextlist = new contextlist();
-        if ($DB->record_exists('tool_lifecycle_action_log', array('userid' => $userid))) {
+        if ($DB->record_exists('tool_lifecycle_action_log', ['userid' => $userid])) {
             $contextlist->add_system_context();
         }
         return $contextlist;
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public static function export_user_data(approved_contextlist $contextlist) {
         global $DB;
         foreach ($contextlist->get_contexts() as $context) {
             if ($context instanceof context_system) {
-                $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_action_log', array('userid' => $contextlist->get_user()->id));
+                $records = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_action_log', ['userid' => $contextlist->get_user()->id]);
                 $writer = writer::with_context($contextlist->current());
                 foreach ($records as $record) {
                     $step = step_manager::get_step_instance_by_workflow_index($record->workflowid, $record->stepindex);
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public static function export_user_data(approved_contextlist $contextlist) {
                     $record->step = $step->instancename;
                     $record->workflow = $workflow->displaytitle;
                     $subcontext = ['tool_lifecycle', 'action_log', "process_$record->processid", $step->instancename,
-                            "action_$record->action"];
+                            "action_$record->action", ];
                     $writer->export_data($subcontext, $record);
                 }
             }
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ public static function delete_data_for_user(approved_contextlist $contextlist) {
                 $sql = "UPDATE {tool_lifecycle_action_log}
                     SET userid = -1
                     WHERE userid = :userid";
-                $DB->execute($sql, array('userid' => $contextlist->get_user()->id));
+                $DB->execute($sql, ['userid' => $contextlist->get_user()->id]);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public static function get_users_in_context(userlist $userlist) {
         if ($context instanceof context_system) {
             $sql = "SELECT userid
                     FROM {tool_lifecycle_action_log}";
-            $userlist->add_from_sql('userid', $sql, array());
+            $userlist->add_from_sql('userid', $sql, []);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/classes/processor.php b/classes/processor.php
index bf4f9ce4..81a0e73f 100644
--- a/classes/processor.php
+++ b/classes/processor.php
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class processor {
      */
     public function call_trigger() {
         $activeworkflows = workflow_manager::get_active_automatic_workflows();
-        $exclude = array();
+        $exclude = [];
 
         foreach ($activeworkflows as $workflow) {
             $countcourses = 0;
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ public function get_course_recordset($triggers, $exclude) {
         global $DB;
 
         $where = 'true';
-        $whereparams = array();
+        $whereparams = [];
         foreach ($triggers as $trigger) {
             $lib = lib_manager::get_automatic_trigger_lib($trigger->subpluginname);
             list($sql, $params) = $lib->get_course_recordset_where($trigger->id);
diff --git a/classes/task/lifecycle_cleanup_task.php b/classes/task/lifecycle_cleanup_task.php
index eadeadf1..19455eaf 100644
--- a/classes/task/lifecycle_cleanup_task.php
+++ b/classes/task/lifecycle_cleanup_task.php
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public function get_name() {
     public function execute() {
         global $DB;
         $twomonthago = time() - 60 * 24 * 60 * 60;
-        $DB->delete_records_select('tool_lifecycle_delayed', 'delayeduntil <= :time', array('time' => $twomonthago));
-        $DB->delete_records_select('tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf', 'delayeduntil <= :time', array('time' => $twomonthago));
+        $DB->delete_records_select('tool_lifecycle_delayed', 'delayeduntil <= :time', ['time' => $twomonthago]);
+        $DB->delete_records_select('tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf', 'delayeduntil <= :time', ['time' => $twomonthago]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/classes/task/lifecycle_task.php b/classes/task/lifecycle_task.php
index 91692d9a..a8ffb669 100644
--- a/classes/task/lifecycle_task.php
+++ b/classes/task/lifecycle_task.php
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public function execute() {
 
         $steps = step_manager::get_step_types();
         /* @var \tool_lifecycle\step\libbase[] $steplibs stores the lib classes of all step subplugins.*/
-        $steplibs = array();
+        $steplibs = [];
         foreach ($steps as $id => $step) {
             $steplibs[$id] = lib_manager::get_step_lib($id);
             $steplibs[$id]->pre_processing_bulk_operation();
diff --git a/classes/view_controller.php b/classes/view_controller.php
index ea62ba6e..b0696515 100644
--- a/classes/view_controller.php
+++ b/classes/view_controller.php
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public function handle_view($renderer, $filterdata) {
             return;
         }
 
-        $arrayofcourseids = array();
+        $arrayofcourseids = [];
         foreach ($courses as $course) {
             $arrayofcourseids[$course->id] = $course->id;
         }
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public function handle_view($renderer, $filterdata) {
             "on p.workflowid = s.workflowid AND p.stepindex = s.sortindex " .
             "WHERE p.courseid IN (". $listofcourseids . ")");
 
-        $requiresinteraction = array();
+        $requiresinteraction = [];
         $remainingcourses = $arrayofcourseids;
 
         foreach ($processes as $process) {
diff --git a/db/access.php b/db/access.php
index 37c42da5..f6751c5b 100644
--- a/db/access.php
+++ b/db/access.php
@@ -22,20 +22,20 @@
  */
 defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
 
-$capabilities = array(
+$capabilities = [
 
-    'tool/lifecycle:managecourses' => array(
+    'tool/lifecycle:managecourses' => [
         'contextlevel' => CONTEXT_COURSE,
         'captype' => 'write',
-        'archetypes' => array(
+        'archetypes' => [
             'manager' => CAP_PREVENT,
             'editingteacher' => CAP_ALLOW,
             'teacher' => CAP_PREVENT,
             'students' => CAP_PREVENT,
-        ),
-        'clonepermissionsfrom' => 'moodle/course:update'
-    ),
-);
+        ],
+        'clonepermissionsfrom' => 'moodle/course:update',
+    ],
+];
 
 
 
diff --git a/db/caches.php b/db/caches.php
index 0daffb47..6335a0b2 100644
--- a/db/caches.php
+++ b/db/caches.php
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
 
 defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
 
-$definitions = array(
-        'mformdata' => array(
-                'mode' => cache_store::MODE_SESSION
-        )
-);
+$definitions = [
+        'mformdata' => [
+                'mode' => cache_store::MODE_SESSION,
+        ],
+];
diff --git a/db/events.php b/db/events.php
index fa9c6449..5642f2ef 100644
--- a/db/events.php
+++ b/db/events.php
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
 
 defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
 
-$observers = array(
-        array(
+$observers = [
+        [
                 'eventname' => 'core\event\course_deleted',
                 'callback' => 'tool_lifecycle\local\manager\process_manager::course_deletion_observed',
-        )
-);
+        ],
+];
diff --git a/db/tasks.php b/db/tasks.php
index d061305a..3af80c91 100644
--- a/db/tasks.php
+++ b/db/tasks.php
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
 
 defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
 
-$tasks = array(
-    array(
+$tasks = [
+    [
         'classname' => 'tool_lifecycle\task\lifecycle_task',
         'blocking' => 0,
         'minute' => '*',
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
         'month' => '*',
         'dayofweek' => '*',
         'faildelay' => 1,
-    ),
-    array(
+    ],
+    [
         'classname' => 'tool_lifecycle\task\lifecycle_cleanup_task',
         'blocking' => 0,
         'minute' => '0',
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
         'day' => '*',
         'month' => '*',
         'dayofweek' => '0',
-    ),
-    array(
+    ],
+    [
         'classname' => 'tool_lifecycle\task\lifecycle_error_notify_task',
         'blocking' => 0,
         'minute' => 'R',
@@ -53,5 +53,5 @@
         'day' => '*',
         'month' => '*',
         'dayofweek' => '0',
-    ),
-);
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/db/upgrade.php b/db/upgrade.php
index 99accd3e..5cd87a33 100644
--- a/db/upgrade.php
+++ b/db/upgrade.php
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ function xmldb_tool_lifecycle_upgrade($oldversion) {
         $table->add_field('title', XMLDB_TYPE_CHAR, '255', null, XMLDB_NOTNULL, null, null, 'id');
         $table->add_field('active', XMLDB_TYPE_INTEGER, '1', null, XMLDB_NOTNULL, null, '0', 'title');
         $table->add_field('timeactive', XMLDB_TYPE_INTEGER, '10', null, null, null, null, 'active');
-        $table->add_key('primary', XMLDB_KEY_PRIMARY, array('id'));
+        $table->add_key('primary', XMLDB_KEY_PRIMARY, ['id']);
 
         // Conditionally create the table.
         if (!$dbman->table_exists($table)) {
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ function xmldb_tool_lifecycle_upgrade($oldversion) {
         }
 
         $field = new xmldb_field('workflowid', XMLDB_TYPE_INTEGER, '10', null, XMLDB_NOTNULL, null, null, 'subpluginname');
-        $key = new xmldb_key('workflowid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, array('workflowid'), 'tool_lifecycle_workflow', array('id'));
+        $key = new xmldb_key('workflowid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, ['workflowid'], 'tool_lifecycle_workflow', ['id']);
 
         // Conditionally create the field.
         if (!$dbman->field_exists($table, $field)) {
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ function xmldb_tool_lifecycle_upgrade($oldversion) {
 
         // Add workflowfield to trigger.
         $field = new xmldb_field('workflowid', XMLDB_TYPE_INTEGER, '10', null, null, null, null, 'enabled');
-        $key = new xmldb_key('workflowid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, array('workflowid'), 'tool_lifecycle_workflow', array('id'));
+        $key = new xmldb_key('workflowid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, ['workflowid'], 'tool_lifecycle_workflow', ['id']);
 
         // Conditionally create the field.
         if (!$dbman->field_exists($table, $field)) {
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ function xmldb_tool_lifecycle_upgrade($oldversion) {
         }
 
         $field = new xmldb_field('workflowid', XMLDB_TYPE_INTEGER, '10', null, XMLDB_NOTNULL, null, null, 'courseid');
-        $key = new xmldb_key('workflowid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, array('workflowid'), 'tool_lifecycle_workflow', array('id'));
+        $key = new xmldb_key('workflowid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, ['workflowid'], 'tool_lifecycle_workflow', ['id']);
 
         // Conditionally create the field.
         if (!$dbman->field_exists($table, $field)) {
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ function xmldb_tool_lifecycle_upgrade($oldversion) {
 
         // Define key workflowid_fk (foreign) to be added to tool_lifecycle_trigger.
         $table = new xmldb_table('tool_lifecycle_trigger');
-        $key = new xmldb_key('workflowid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, array('workflowid'), 'tool_lifecycle_workflow', array('id'));
+        $key = new xmldb_key('workflowid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, ['workflowid'], 'tool_lifecycle_workflow', ['id']);
 
         // Launch add key workflowid_fk.
         $dbman->add_key($table, $key);
@@ -262,13 +262,13 @@ function xmldb_tool_lifecycle_upgrade($oldversion) {
 
         // Define key courseid_fk (foreign) to be dropped form tool_lifecycle_process.
         $table = new xmldb_table('tool_lifecycle_process');
-        $key = new xmldb_key('courseid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, array('courseid'), 'course', array('id'));
+        $key = new xmldb_key('courseid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN, ['courseid'], 'course', ['id']);
 
         // Launch drop key courseid_fk.
         $dbman->drop_key($table, $key);
 
         // Define key courseid_fk (foreign-unique) to be added to tool_lifecycle_process.
-        $key = new xmldb_key('courseid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN_UNIQUE, array('courseid'), 'course', array('id'));
+        $key = new xmldb_key('courseid_fk', XMLDB_KEY_FOREIGN_UNIQUE, ['courseid'], 'course', ['id']);
 
         // Launch add key courseid_fk.
         $dbman->add_key($table, $key);
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ function xmldb_tool_lifecycle_upgrade($oldversion) {
             $dbman->add_field($table, $field);
         }
 
-        $params = array($duration, $duration);
+        $params = [$duration, $duration];
 
         $DB->execute('UPDATE {tool_lifecycle_workflow} SET finishdelay = ?, rollbackdelay = ?', $params);
 
diff --git a/delayedcourses.php b/delayedcourses.php
index 923cd36b..634c4e44 100644
--- a/delayedcourses.php
+++ b/delayedcourses.php
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@
         $workflow = optional_param('workflow', null, PARAM_ALPHANUM);
         if ($workflow) {
             if (is_number($workflow)) {
-                $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf', array('courseid' => $cid, 'workflowid' => $workflow));
+                $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf', ['courseid' => $cid, 'workflowid' => $workflow]);
             } else if ($workflow == 'global') {
-                $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed', array('courseid' => $cid));
+                $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed', ['courseid' => $cid]);
             } else {
                 throw new \coding_exception('workflow has to be "global" or a int value');
             }
         } else {
-            $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed', array('courseid' => $cid));
-            $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf', array('courseid' => $cid));
+            $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed', ['courseid' => $cid]);
+            $DB->delete_records('tool_lifecycle_delayed_workf', ['courseid' => $cid]);
         }
     } else if ($action == 'bulk-delete') {
         $workflow = optional_param('workflow', null, PARAM_ALPHANUM);
diff --git a/downloadbackup.php b/downloadbackup.php
index c2877e7f..ddbae288 100644
--- a/downloadbackup.php
+++ b/downloadbackup.php
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 $backupid = required_param('backupid', PARAM_INT);
 
-$backuprecord = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_backups', array('id' => $backupid), 'backupfile', MUST_EXIST);
+$backuprecord = $DB->get_record('tool_lifecycle_backups', ['id' => $backupid], 'backupfile', MUST_EXIST);
 $source = get_config('tool_lifecycle', 'backup_path') . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $backuprecord->backupfile;
 
 if (!file_exists($source)) {
diff --git a/editelement.php b/editelement.php
index de3ac303..9864e63a 100644
--- a/editelement.php
+++ b/editelement.php
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
 \tool_lifecycle\permission_and_navigation::setup_workflow($workflow);
 
 $params = [
-    'type' => $type
+    'type' => $type,
 ];
 if ($elementid) {
     $params['elementid'] = $element->id;
diff --git a/lib.php b/lib.php
index fa4532ae..28be8395 100644
--- a/lib.php
+++ b/lib.php
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ function tool_lifecycle_extend_navigation_course($navigation, $course, $context)
     $url = null;
     $settingnode = null;
 
-    $url = new moodle_url('/admin/tool/lifecycle/view.php', array(
-        'contextid' => $context->id
-    ));
+    $url = new moodle_url('/admin/tool/lifecycle/view.php', [
+        'contextid' => $context->id,
+    ]);
 
     // Add the course life cycle link.
     $linktext = get_string('managecourses_link', 'tool_lifecycle');
diff --git a/renderer.php b/renderer.php
index f17197d3..f9b7eb9b 100644
--- a/renderer.php
+++ b/renderer.php
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public function header($title = null) {
      * @param array $errors
      * @throws coding_exception
      */
-    public function render_workflow_upload_form($form, $errors = array()) {
+    public function render_workflow_upload_form($form, $errors = []) {
         $this->header(get_string('adminsettings_edit_workflow_definition_heading', 'tool_lifecycle'));
         foreach ($errors as $error) {
             \core\notification::add($error, \core\notification::ERROR);
diff --git a/step/createbackup/db/upgrade.php b/step/createbackup/db/upgrade.php
index d1583cd7..56a1a62b 100644
--- a/step/createbackup/db/upgrade.php
+++ b/step/createbackup/db/upgrade.php
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ function xmldb_lifecyclestep_createbackup_upgrade($oldversion) {
         foreach ($coursedeletesteps as $step) {
             if (empty(settings_manager::get_settings($step->id, 'step'))) {
                 settings_manager::save_settings($step->id, 'step', 'createbackup',
-                    array($settingsname => $settingsvalue));
+                    [$settingsname => $settingsvalue]);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/step/createbackup/lib.php b/step/createbackup/lib.php
index ae38c21c..18724439 100644
--- a/step/createbackup/lib.php
+++ b/step/createbackup/lib.php
@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ public function get_subpluginname() {
      * @return instance_setting[] containing settings keys and PARAM_TYPES
      */
     public function instance_settings() {
-        return array(
+        return [
             new instance_setting('maximumbackupspercron', PARAM_INT, true),
-        );
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/step/deletecourse/db/upgrade.php b/step/deletecourse/db/upgrade.php
index c8467c5e..43560660 100644
--- a/step/deletecourse/db/upgrade.php
+++ b/step/deletecourse/db/upgrade.php
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ function xmldb_lifecyclestep_deletecourse_upgrade($oldversion) {
         foreach ($coursedeletesteps as $step) {
             if (empty(settings_manager::get_settings($step->id, 'step'))) {
                 settings_manager::save_settings($step->id, 'step', 'deletecourse',
-                    array($settingsname => $settingsvalue));
+                    [$settingsname => $settingsvalue]);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/step/deletecourse/lib.php b/step/deletecourse/lib.php
index 3503f159..098f512a 100644
--- a/step/deletecourse/lib.php
+++ b/step/deletecourse/lib.php
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ public function get_subpluginname() {
      * @return instance_setting[] containing settings keys and PARAM_TYPES
      */
     public function instance_settings() {
-        return array(
+        return [
             new instance_setting('maximumdeletionspercron', PARAM_INT, true),
-        );
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/step/duplicate/db/access.php b/step/duplicate/db/access.php
index 85169b97..78e62082 100644
--- a/step/duplicate/db/access.php
+++ b/step/duplicate/db/access.php
@@ -22,17 +22,17 @@
  */
 defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
 
-$capabilities = array(
+$capabilities = [
 
-    'lifecyclestep/duplicate:enterdata' => array(
+    'lifecyclestep/duplicate:enterdata' => [
         'contextlevel' => CONTEXT_COURSE,
         'captype' => 'write',
-        'archetypes' => array(
+        'archetypes' => [
             'editingteacher' => CAP_ALLOW,
-        ),
-        'clonepermissionsfrom' => 'tool/lifecycle:managecourses'
-    ),
-);
+        ],
+        'clonepermissionsfrom' => 'tool/lifecycle:managecourses',
+    ],
+];
 
 
 
diff --git a/step/duplicate/interactionlib.php b/step/duplicate/interactionlib.php
index f8d389f8..6cece993 100644
--- a/step/duplicate/interactionlib.php
+++ b/step/duplicate/interactionlib.php
@@ -70,13 +70,13 @@ public function get_action_tools($process) {
         $shortname = process_data_manager::get_process_data($process->id, $step->id, duplicate::PROC_DATA_COURSESHORTNAME);
         $fullname = process_data_manager::get_process_data($process->id, $step->id, duplicate::PROC_DATA_COURSEFULLNAME);
         if (!empty($fullname) && !empty($shortname)) {
-            return array();
+            return [];
         }
-        return array(
-            array('action' => self::ACTION_DUPLICATE_FORM,
+        return [
+            ['action' => self::ACTION_DUPLICATE_FORM,
                 'alt' => get_string('duplicate_form', 'lifecyclestep_duplicate'),
-            ),
-        );
+            ],
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public function handle_interaction($process, $step, $action = 'default') {
             return step_interactive_response::rollback();
         }
         if ($data = $form->get_submitted_data()) {
-            if ($foundcourses = $DB->get_records('course', array('shortname' => $data->shortname))) {
+            if ($foundcourses = $DB->get_records('course', ['shortname' => $data->shortname])) {
                 foreach ($foundcourses as $foundcourse) {
                     $foundcoursenames[] = $foundcourse->fullname;
                 }
diff --git a/step/duplicate/lib.php b/step/duplicate/lib.php
index 201c997d..d730b8df 100644
--- a/step/duplicate/lib.php
+++ b/step/duplicate/lib.php
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public function process_course($processid, $instanceid, $course) {
                     $shortname,
                     $course->category,
                     $course->visible,
-                    array());
+                    []);
             } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
                 if ($e->getCode() == 'shortnametaken') {
                     process_data_manager::set_process_data($processid, $instanceid, self::PROC_DATA_COURSESHORTNAME, '');
@@ -130,18 +130,18 @@ public function duplicate_course($courseid, $fullname, $shortname, $categoryid,
         require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/backup/util/includes/restore_includes.php');
 
         // Parameter validation.
-        $params = array(
+        $params = [
                 'courseid' => $courseid,
                 'fullname' => $fullname,
                 'shortname' => $shortname,
                 'categoryid' => $categoryid,
                 'visible' => $visible,
-                'options' => $options
-        );
+                'options' => $options,
+        ];
 
         // Context validation.
 
-        if (! ($course = $DB->get_record('course', array('id' => $params['courseid'])))) {
+        if (! ($course = $DB->get_record('course', ['id' => $params['courseid']]))) {
             throw new \moodle_exception('invalidcourseid', 'error');
         }
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ public function duplicate_course($courseid, $fullname, $shortname, $categoryid,
         // Course to be duplicated.
         $coursecontext = \context_course::instance($course->id);
 
-        $backupdefaults = array(
+        $backupdefaults = [
             'activities' => 1,
             'blocks' => 1,
             'filters' => 1,
@@ -161,10 +161,10 @@ public function duplicate_course($courseid, $fullname, $shortname, $categoryid,
             'comments' => 0,
             'userscompletion' => 0,
             'logs' => 0,
-            'grade_histories' => 0
-        );
+            'grade_histories' => 0,
+        ];
 
-        $backupsettings = array();
+        $backupsettings = [];
         // Check for backup and restore options.
         if (!empty($params['options'])) {
             foreach ($params['options'] as $option) {
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ public function duplicate_course($courseid, $fullname, $shortname, $categoryid,
                 // Strict check for a correct value (allways 1 or 0, true or false).
                 $value = clean_param($option['value'], PARAM_INT);
 
-                if ($value !== 0 and $value !== 1) {
+                if ($value !== 0 && $value !== 1) {
                     throw new \moodle_exception('invalidextparam', 'webservice', '', $option['name']);
                 }
 
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ public function duplicate_course($courseid, $fullname, $shortname, $categoryid,
         }
 
         // Check if the shortname is used.
-        if ($foundcourses = $DB->get_records('course', array('shortname' => $shortname))) {
+        if ($foundcourses = $DB->get_records('course', ['shortname' => $shortname])) {
             foreach ($foundcourses as $foundcourse) {
                 $foundcoursenames[] = $foundcourse->fullname;
             }
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ public function duplicate_course($courseid, $fullname, $shortname, $categoryid,
         $rc->execute_plan();
         $rc->destroy();
 
-        $course = $DB->get_record('course', array('id' => $newcourseid), '*', MUST_EXIST);
+        $course = $DB->get_record('course', ['id' => $newcourseid], '*', MUST_EXIST);
         $course->fullname = $params['fullname'];
         $course->shortname = $params['shortname'];
         $course->visible = $params['visible'];
diff --git a/step/email/classes/privacy/provider.php b/step/email/classes/privacy/provider.php
index afbcb511..a41ad4e4 100644
--- a/step/email/classes/privacy/provider.php
+++ b/step/email/classes/privacy/provider.php
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public static function get_metadata(collection $collection): collection {
             [
                 'touser' => 'privacy:metadata:lifecyclestep_email:touser',
                 'courseid' => 'privacy:metadata:lifecyclestep_email:courseid',
-                'instanceid' => 'privacy:metadata:lifecyclestep_email:instanceid'
+                'instanceid' => 'privacy:metadata:lifecyclestep_email:instanceid',
             ],
             'privacy:metadata:lifecyclestep_email:summary'
         );
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ public static function delete_data_for_users(approved_userlist $userlist): void
                 $DB->delete_records('lifecyclestep_email', ['touser' => $userid]);
             } else if ($userlist->get_context() instanceof context_course) {
                 $DB->delete_records('lifecyclestep_email', ['touser' => $userid,
-                    'courseid' => $userlist->get_context()->instanceid]);
+                    'courseid' => $userlist->get_context()->instanceid, ]);
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/step/email/db/access.php b/step/email/db/access.php
index 7c33a548..3ec76d81 100644
--- a/step/email/db/access.php
+++ b/step/email/db/access.php
@@ -22,20 +22,20 @@
  */
 defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
 
-$capabilities = array(
+$capabilities = [
 
-    'lifecyclestep/email:preventdeletion' => array(
+    'lifecyclestep/email:preventdeletion' => [
         'contextlevel' => CONTEXT_COURSE,
         'captype' => 'write',
-        'archetypes' => array(
+        'archetypes' => [
             'manager' => CAP_PREVENT,
             'editingteacher' => CAP_ALLOW,
             'teacher' => CAP_PREVENT,
             'students' => CAP_PREVENT,
-        ),
-        'clonepermissionsfrom' => 'tool/lifecycle:managecourses'
-    ),
-);
+        ],
+        'clonepermissionsfrom' => 'tool/lifecycle:managecourses',
+    ],
+];
 
 
 
diff --git a/step/email/interactionlib.php b/step/email/interactionlib.php
index 1085e128..8d71b69b 100644
--- a/step/email/interactionlib.php
+++ b/step/email/interactionlib.php
@@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ public function get_relevant_capability() {
      * @throws \coding_exception
      */
     public function get_action_tools($process) {
-        return array(
-            array('action' => self::ACTION_KEEP,
+        return [
+            ['action' => self::ACTION_KEEP,
                 'alt' => get_string('keep_course', 'lifecyclestep_email'),
-            ),
-        );
+            ],
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/step/email/lib.php b/step/email/lib.php
index 8ade151c..f25b78bb 100644
--- a/step/email/lib.php
+++ b/step/email/lib.php
@@ -111,13 +111,13 @@ public function post_processing_bulk_operation() {
             $settings['contenthtml'] = format_text($settings['contenthtml'], FORMAT_HTML);
 
             $userstobeinformed = $DB->get_records('lifecyclestep_email',
-                array('instanceid' => $step->id), '', 'distinct touser');
+                ['instanceid' => $step->id], '', 'distinct touser');
             foreach ($userstobeinformed as $userrecord) {
                 $user = \core_user::get_user($userrecord->touser);
                 $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
                 $mailentries = $DB->get_records('lifecyclestep_email',
-                    array('instanceid' => $step->id,
-                        'touser' => $user->id));
+                    ['instanceid' => $step->id,
+                        'touser' => $user->id, ]);
 
                     $parsedsettings = $this->replace_placeholders($settings, $user, $step->id, $mailentries);
 
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ public function post_processing_bulk_operation() {
                     // TODO: use course info to parse content template!
                     email_to_user($user, \core_user::get_noreply_user(), $subject, $content, $contenthtml);
                     $DB->delete_records('lifecyclestep_email',
-                    array('instanceid' => $step->id,
-                        'touser' => $user->id));
+                    ['instanceid' => $step->id,
+                        'touser' => $user->id, ]);
                     $transaction->allow_commit();
             }
         }
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ public function post_processing_bulk_operation() {
     private function replace_placeholders($strings, $user, $stepid, $mailentries) {
         global $CFG;
 
-        $patterns = array();
-        $replacements = array();
+        $patterns = [];
+        $replacements = [];
 
         // Replaces firstname of the user.
         $patterns[] = '##firstname##';
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ private function replace_placeholders($strings, $user, $stepid, $mailentries) {
         // Replace courses html.
         $patterns[] = '##courses-html##';
         $courses = $mailentries;
-        $coursestabledata = array();
+        $coursestabledata = [];
         foreach ($courses as $entry) {
             $coursestabledata[$entry->courseid] = $this->parse_course_row_data($entry->courseid);
         }
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ private function parse_course($courseid) {
      */
     private function parse_course_row_data($courseid) {
         $course = get_course($courseid);
-        return array($course->fullname);
+        return [$course->fullname];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -221,12 +221,12 @@ private function parse_course_row_data($courseid) {
      * @return instance_setting[] containing settings keys and PARAM_TYPES
      */
     public function instance_settings() {
-        return array(
+        return [
             new instance_setting('responsetimeout', PARAM_INT, false),
             new instance_setting('subject', PARAM_TEXT, true),
             new instance_setting('content', PARAM_RAW, true),
             new instance_setting('contenthtml', PARAM_RAW, true),
-        );
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -271,6 +271,6 @@ public function extend_add_instance_form_definition($mform) {
      */
     public function extend_add_instance_form_definition_after_data($mform, $settings) {
         $mform->setDefault('contenthtml',
-                array('text' => isset($settings['contenthtml']) ? $settings['contenthtml'] : '', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML));
+                ['text' => isset($settings['contenthtml']) ? $settings['contenthtml'] : '', 'format' => FORMAT_HTML]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/step/email/tests/privacy/provider_test.php b/step/email/tests/privacy/provider_test.php
index 37e3afa7..feb35b6d 100644
--- a/step/email/tests/privacy/provider_test.php
+++ b/step/email/tests/privacy/provider_test.php
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ public function test_export_user_data(): void {
         $writer = writer::with_context($course1context);
         $this->assertTrue($writer->has_any_data());
         $recordids = $DB->get_records('lifecyclestep_email', ['touser' => $this->user1->id,
-            'courseid' => $this->course1->id], '', 'id');
+            'courseid' => $this->course1->id, ], '', 'id');
         foreach ($recordids as $id) {
             $exportedrecord = $writer->get_data(['lifecyclestep_email-' . $id->id]);
             $this->assertEquals($this->user1->id, $exportedrecord->touser);
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public function test_export_user_data(): void {
         $writer = writer::with_context($course2context);
         $this->assertTrue($writer->has_any_data());
         $recordids = $DB->get_records('lifecyclestep_email', ['touser' => $this->user1->id,
-            'courseid' => $this->course2->id], '', 'id');
+            'courseid' => $this->course2->id, ], '', 'id');
         foreach ($recordids as $id) {
             $exportedrecord = $writer->get_data(['lifecyclestep_email-' . $id->id]);
             $this->assertEquals($this->user1->id, $exportedrecord->touser);
diff --git a/step/lib.php b/step/lib.php
index 7209d1d3..86c8345c 100644
--- a/step/lib.php
+++ b/step/lib.php
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ abstract public function get_subpluginname();
      * @return instance_setting[] containing settings keys and PARAM_TYPES
      */
     public function instance_settings() {
-        return array();
+        return [];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/tests/generator/lib.php b/tests/generator/lib.php
index ae963a13..cd0461b4 100644
--- a/tests/generator/lib.php
+++ b/tests/generator/lib.php
@@ -46,27 +46,27 @@ class tool_lifecycle_generator extends testing_module_generator {
     /** @var array $defaultsteps Default steps configuration. */
     private static $defaultsteps = [
         "deletecourse" => [
-            "maximumdeletionspercron" => 10
+            "maximumdeletionspercron" => 10,
         ],
         "email" => [
             "responsetimeout" => 10,
             "subject" => "Test Email",
             "content" => "Content",
-            "contenthtml" => "Content HTML"
+            "contenthtml" => "Content HTML",
         ],
         "createbackup" => [
-            "maximumbackupspercron" => 10
+            "maximumbackupspercron" => 10,
         ],
     ];
 
     /** @var array $defaulttrigger Default trigger configuration. */
     private static $defaulttrigger = [
         "startdatedelay" => [
-            "delay" => 10000
+            "delay" => 10000,
         ],
         "categories" => [
             "categories" => "1,10",
-                "exclude" => true
+                "exclude" => true,
         ],
     ];
 
diff --git a/tests/manually_triggered_process_test.php b/tests/manually_triggered_process_test.php
index 52597adc..b231ca24 100644
--- a/tests/manually_triggered_process_test.php
+++ b/tests/manually_triggered_process_test.php
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public function setUp() : void {
         $manualworkflow = $generator->create_manual_workflow($triggersettings);
         $step = $generator->create_step("instance1", "createbackup", $manualworkflow->id);
         settings_manager::save_settings($step->id, settings_type::STEP, "createbackup",
-                array("maximumbackupspercron" => 10)
+                ["maximumbackupspercron" => 10]
         );
 
         workflow_manager::handle_action(action::WORKFLOW_ACTIVATE, $manualworkflow->id);
diff --git a/tests/privacy_test.php b/tests/privacy_test.php
index 461a5f37..6e9d76af 100644
--- a/tests/privacy_test.php
+++ b/tests/privacy_test.php
@@ -150,12 +150,12 @@ public function test_export_user_data() {
         $writer = writer::with_context(\context_system::instance());
         $step = step_manager::get_step_instance_by_workflow_index($this->workflow->id, 1);
         $subcontext = ['tool_lifecycle', 'action_log', "process_$p1->id", $step->instancename,
-                "action_" . self::ACTION_KEEP];
+                "action_" . self::ACTION_KEEP, ];
         $data1 = $writer->get_data($subcontext);
         $this->assertEquals($u1->id, $data1->userid);
         $this->assertEquals(self::ACTION_KEEP, $data1->action);
         $subcontext = ['tool_lifecycle', 'action_log', "process_$p2->id", $step->instancename,
-                "action_" . self::ACTION_KEEP];
+                "action_" . self::ACTION_KEEP, ];
         $data2 = $writer->get_data($subcontext);
         $this->assertEquals($u1->id, $data2->userid);
         $this->assertEquals(self::ACTION_KEEP, $data2->action);
diff --git a/tests/process_error_test.php b/tests/process_error_test.php
index 2e601fe1..a4ca2d5c 100644
--- a/tests/process_error_test.php
+++ b/tests/process_error_test.php
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public function setUp() : void {
         $manualworkflow = $generator->create_manual_workflow($triggersettings);
         $step = $generator->create_step("instance1", "deletecourse", $manualworkflow->id);
         settings_manager::save_settings($step->id, settings_type::STEP, "deletecourse",
-                array("maximumdeletionspercron" => 10)
+                ["maximumdeletionspercron" => 10]
         );
 
         workflow_manager::handle_action(action::WORKFLOW_ACTIVATE, $manualworkflow->id);
diff --git a/tests/settings_manager_test.php b/tests/settings_manager_test.php
index e91623cb..8fc4f09b 100644
--- a/tests/settings_manager_test.php
+++ b/tests/settings_manager_test.php
@@ -105,18 +105,18 @@ public function test_remove_workflow() {
         $data = new \stdClass();
         $data->delay = 100;
         settings_manager::save_settings($this->trigger->id, settings_type::TRIGGER, $this->trigger->subpluginname, $data);
-        $settingsstep = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_settings', array('instanceid' => $this->step->id,
-            'type' => settings_type::STEP));
+        $settingsstep = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_settings', ['instanceid' => $this->step->id,
+            'type' => settings_type::STEP, ]);
         $this->assertNotEmpty($settingsstep);
-        $settingstrigger = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_settings', array('instanceid' => $this->trigger->id,
-            'type' => settings_type::TRIGGER));
+        $settingstrigger = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_settings', ['instanceid' => $this->trigger->id,
+            'type' => settings_type::TRIGGER, ]);
         $this->assertNotEmpty($settingstrigger);
         workflow_manager::remove($this->workflow->id);
-        $settingsstep = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_settings', array('instanceid' => $this->step->id,
-            'type' => settings_type::STEP));
+        $settingsstep = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_settings', ['instanceid' => $this->step->id,
+            'type' => settings_type::STEP, ]);
         $this->assertEmpty($settingsstep);
-        $settingstrigger = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_settings', array('instanceid' => $this->trigger->id,
-            'type' => settings_type::TRIGGER));
+        $settingstrigger = $DB->get_records('tool_lifecycle_settings', ['instanceid' => $this->trigger->id,
+            'type' => settings_type::TRIGGER, ]);
         $this->assertEmpty($settingstrigger);
     }
 
diff --git a/trigger/categories/lib.php b/trigger/categories/lib.php
index b44376f6..0ace8460 100644
--- a/trigger/categories/lib.php
+++ b/trigger/categories/lib.php
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public function get_course_recordset_where($triggerid) {
             require_once($CFG->libdir . '/coursecatlib.php');
             $categoryobjects = \coursecat::get_many($categories);
         }
-        $allcategories = array();
+        $allcategories = [];
         foreach ($categories as $category) {
             array_push($allcategories , $category);
             $children = $categoryobjects[$category]->get_all_children_ids();
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public function get_course_recordset_where($triggerid) {
             $where = "NOT " . $where;
         }
 
-        return array($where, $inparams);
+        return [$where, $inparams];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -103,10 +103,10 @@ public function get_subpluginname() {
      * @return instance_setting[] containing settings keys and PARAM_TYPES
      */
     public function instance_settings() {
-        return array(
+        return [
             new instance_setting('categories', PARAM_SEQUENCE, true),
             new instance_setting('exclude', PARAM_BOOL, true),
-        );
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -118,10 +118,10 @@ public function instance_settings() {
      */
     public function extend_add_instance_form_definition($mform) {
         $displaylist = core_course_category::make_categories_list();
-        $options = array(
+        $options = [
             'multiple' => true,
             'noselectionstring' => get_string('categories_noselection', 'lifecycletrigger_categories'),
-        );
+        ];
         $mform->addElement('autocomplete', 'categories',
             get_string('categories', 'lifecycletrigger_categories'),
             $displaylist, $options);
diff --git a/trigger/categories/tests/trigger_test.php b/trigger/categories/tests/trigger_test.php
index c00bfda6..cda087c1 100644
--- a/trigger/categories/tests/trigger_test.php
+++ b/trigger/categories/tests/trigger_test.php
@@ -70,11 +70,11 @@ public function setUp() : void {
 
         $this->category = $generator->create_category();
         $othercategory = $generator->create_category();
-        $this->childcategory = $generator->create_category(array('parent' => $this->category->id));
-        $data = array(
+        $this->childcategory = $generator->create_category(['parent' => $this->category->id]);
+        $data = [
             'categories' => $othercategory->id . ',' . $this->category->id,
             'exclude' => true,
-        );
+        ];
 
         $this->excludetrigger = \tool_lifecycle_trigger_categories_generator::create_trigger_with_workflow($data);
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public function setUp() : void {
      */
     public function test_course_has_cat() {
 
-        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(array('category' => $this->category->id));
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(['category' => $this->category->id]);
 
         $recordset = $this->processor->get_course_recordset([$this->excludetrigger], []);
         foreach ($recordset as $element) {
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public function test_course_has_cat() {
      */
     public function test_course_within_cat() {
 
-        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(array('category' => $this->childcategory->id));
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(['category' => $this->childcategory->id]);
 
         $recordset = $this->processor->get_course_recordset([$this->excludetrigger], []);
         foreach ($recordset as $element) {
diff --git a/trigger/lib.php b/trigger/lib.php
index 3c01ffb7..312c967c 100644
--- a/trigger/lib.php
+++ b/trigger/lib.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ abstract public function get_subpluginname();
      * @return instance_setting[] containing settings keys and PARAM_TYPES
      */
     public function instance_settings() {
-        return array();
+        return [];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ public function is_manual_trigger() {
      * @return array A list containing the constructed sql fragment and an array of parameters.
      */
     public function get_course_recordset_where($triggerid) {
-        return array('', array());
+        return ['', []];
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/trigger/manual/lib.php b/trigger/manual/lib.php
index b3bc945e..56a3ff2f 100644
--- a/trigger/manual/lib.php
+++ b/trigger/manual/lib.php
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public function extend_add_instance_form_definition($mform) {
 
         $elementname = 'capability';
         $capabilities = get_all_capabilities();
-        $capabilitynames = array();
+        $capabilitynames = [];
         foreach ($capabilities as $cap) {
             $capabilitynames[$cap['name']] = $cap['name'];
         }
diff --git a/trigger/sitecourse/lib.php b/trigger/sitecourse/lib.php
index 14809c74..5553ade3 100644
--- a/trigger/sitecourse/lib.php
+++ b/trigger/sitecourse/lib.php
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public function check_course($course, $triggerid) {
     public function get_course_recordset_where($triggerid) {
         global $DB;
         list($insql, $inparam) = $DB->get_in_or_equal(SITEID, SQL_PARAMS_NAMED);
-        return array("{course}.id {$insql}", $inparam);
+        return ["{course}.id {$insql}", $inparam];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/trigger/specificdate/lib.php b/trigger/specificdate/lib.php
index 9df0bcbd..67922207 100644
--- a/trigger/specificdate/lib.php
+++ b/trigger/specificdate/lib.php
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ public function get_course_recordset_where($triggerid) {
                     $settings['timelastrun'] = $current;
                     $trigger = trigger_manager::get_instance($triggerid);
                     settings_manager::save_settings($triggerid, settings_type::TRIGGER, $trigger->subpluginname, $settings);
-                    return array('true', array());
+                    return ['true', []];
                 }
             }
         }
-        return array('false', array());
+        return ['false', []];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -95,16 +95,16 @@ public function get_course_recordset_where($triggerid) {
      */
     private function parse_dates($datesraw) {
         $dates = preg_split('/\r\n|\r|\n/', $datesraw);
-        $result = array();
+        $result = [];
         foreach ($dates as $date) {
             $dateparts = explode('.', $date);
             if (count($dateparts) !== 2) {
                 throw new \moodle_exception("Each date has to consist of two parts devided by point. We got: " . $date);
             }
-            $result[] = array(
+            $result[] = [
                 'mon' => $dateparts[1],
-                'day' => $dateparts[0]
-            );
+                'day' => $dateparts[0],
+            ];
         }
         return $result;
     }
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ public function get_subpluginname() {
      * @return instance_setting[] containing settings keys and PARAM_TYPES
      */
     public function instance_settings() {
-        return array(
+        return [
             new instance_setting('dates', PARAM_TEXT),
             new instance_setting('timelastrun', PARAM_INT),
-        );
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/trigger/startdatedelay/lib.php b/trigger/startdatedelay/lib.php
index 01e3d0ed..7f9f5940 100644
--- a/trigger/startdatedelay/lib.php
+++ b/trigger/startdatedelay/lib.php
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ public function check_course($course, $triggerid) {
     public function get_course_recordset_where($triggerid) {
         $delay = settings_manager::get_settings($triggerid, settings_type::TRIGGER)['delay'];
         $where = "{course}.startdate < :startdatedelay";
-        $params = array(
+        $params = [
             "startdatedelay" => time() - $delay,
-        );
-        return array($where, $params);
+        ];
+        return [$where, $params];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ public function get_subpluginname() {
      * @return instance_setting[] containing settings keys and PARAM_TYPES
      */
     public function instance_settings() {
-        return array(
-            new instance_setting('delay', PARAM_INT, true)
-        );
+        return [
+            new instance_setting('delay', PARAM_INT, true),
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/trigger/startdatedelay/tests/trigger_test.php b/trigger/startdatedelay/tests/trigger_test.php
index 0175bf4e..cae2a285 100644
--- a/trigger/startdatedelay/tests/trigger_test.php
+++ b/trigger/startdatedelay/tests/trigger_test.php
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public function setUp() : void {
      */
     public function test_young_course() {
 
-        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(array('startdate' => time() - 50 * 24 * 60 * 60));
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(['startdate' => time() - 50 * 24 * 60 * 60]);
 
         $recordset = $this->processor->get_course_recordset([$this->triggerinstance], []);
         $found = false;
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public function test_young_course() {
      */
     public function test_old_course() {
 
-        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(array('startdate' => time() - 200 * 24 * 60 * 60));
+        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course(['startdate' => time() - 200 * 24 * 60 * 60]);
 
         $recordset = $this->processor->get_course_recordset([$this->triggerinstance], []);
         $found = false;
diff --git a/workflowoverview.php b/workflowoverview.php
index f89e0afd..512a24e1 100644
--- a/workflowoverview.php
+++ b/workflowoverview.php
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
     'edit' => get_string('edit'),
     'delete' => get_string('delete'),
     'move_up' => get_string('move_up', 'tool_lifecycle'),
-    'move_down' => get_string('move_down', 'tool_lifecycle')
+    'move_down' => get_string('move_down', 'tool_lifecycle'),
 ];
 
 $showcoursecounts = get_config('tool_lifecycle', 'showcoursecounts');
@@ -97,15 +97,18 @@
     $displaytotaltriggered = !empty($triggers);
 }
 
+$displaytriggers = [];
+$displaysteps = [];
+
 foreach ($triggers as $trigger) {
     // The array from the DB Function uses ids as keys.
     // Mustache cannot handle arrays which have other keys therefore a new array is build.
     // FUTURE: Nice to have Icon for each subplugin.
-
+    $trigger = (object)(array) $trigger; // Cast to normal object to be able to set dynamic properties.
     $actionmenu = new action_menu([
         new action_menu_link_secondary(
             new moodle_url(urls::EDIT_ELEMENT, ['type' => settings_type::TRIGGER, 'elementid' => $trigger->id]),
-            new pix_icon('i/edit', $str['edit']), $str['edit'])
+            new pix_icon('i/edit', $str['edit']), $str['edit']),
     ]);
     if ($iseditable) {
         $actionmenu->add(new action_menu_link_secondary(
@@ -123,11 +126,13 @@
             $trigger->excludedcourses = $amounts[$trigger->sortindex]->excluded;
         }
     }
+    $displaytriggers[] = $trigger;
 }
 
 foreach ($steps as $step) {
+    $step = (object)(array) $step; // Cast to normal object to be able to set dynamic properties.
     $ncourses = $DB->count_records('tool_lifecycle_process',
-        array('stepindex' => $step->sortindex, 'workflowid' => $workflowid));
+        ['stepindex' => $step->sortindex, 'workflowid' => $workflowid]);
     $step->numberofcourses = $ncourses;
     if ($step->id == $stepid) {
         $step->selected = true;
@@ -135,7 +140,7 @@
     $actionmenu = new action_menu([
         new action_menu_link_secondary(
             new moodle_url(urls::EDIT_ELEMENT, ['type' => settings_type::STEP, 'elementid' => $step->id]),
-            new pix_icon('i/edit', $str['edit']), $str['edit'])
+            new pix_icon('i/edit', $str['edit']), $str['edit']),
     ]);
     if ($iseditable) {
         $actionmenu->add(new action_menu_link_secondary(
@@ -159,11 +164,12 @@
         }
     }
     $step->actionmenu = $OUTPUT->render($actionmenu);
+    $displaysteps[] = $step;
 }
 
-$arrayofcourses = array();
+$arrayofcourses = [];
 
-$url = new moodle_url(urls::WORKFLOW_DETAILS, array('wf' => $workflowid));
+$url = new moodle_url(urls::WORKFLOW_DETAILS, ['wf' => $workflowid]);
 
 $out = null;
 if ($stepid) {
@@ -184,12 +190,12 @@
     'rollbackdelay' => format_time($workflow->rollbackdelay),
     'finishdelay' => format_time($workflow->finishdelay),
     'delayglobally' => $workflow->delayforallworkflows,
-    'trigger' => array_values($triggers),
+    'trigger' => $displaytriggers,
     'showcoursecounts' => $showcoursecounts,
-    'steps' => array_values($steps),
+    'steps' => $displaysteps,
     'listofcourses' => $arrayofcourses,
     'nosteplink' => $nosteplink,
-    'table' => $out
+    'table' => $out,
 ];
 if ($showcoursecounts) {
     $data['automatic'] = $displaytotaltriggered;
@@ -217,15 +223,15 @@
     $addinstance .= $OUTPUT->render_from_template('tool_lifecycle/warn_icon', $icondata);
 
     $addinstance .= $OUTPUT->single_select(new \moodle_url(urls::EDIT_ELEMENT,
-        array('type' => settings_type::TRIGGER, 'wf' => $workflow->id)),
-        'subplugin', $selectabletriggers, '', array('' => get_string('add_new_trigger_instance', 'tool_lifecycle')),
+        ['type' => settings_type::TRIGGER, 'wf' => $workflow->id]),
+        'subplugin', $selectabletriggers, '', ['' => get_string('add_new_trigger_instance', 'tool_lifecycle')],
         null, ['id' => 'tool_lifecycle-choose-trigger']);
 
     $steps = step_manager::get_step_types();
     $addinstance .= '<span class="ml-1"></span>';
     $addinstance .= $OUTPUT->single_select(new \moodle_url(urls::EDIT_ELEMENT,
-        array('type' => settings_type::STEP, 'wf' => $workflow->id)),
-        'subplugin', $steps, '', array('' => get_string('add_new_step_instance', 'tool_lifecycle')),
+        ['type' => settings_type::STEP, 'wf' => $workflow->id]),
+        'subplugin', $steps, '', ['' => get_string('add_new_step_instance', 'tool_lifecycle')],
         null, ['id' => 'tool_lifecycle-choose-step']);
     $data['addinstance'] = $addinstance;
 }