kublet、kube-proxy 的配置文件中静态指定了某个 kube-apiserver IP,如果该� apiserver 实例挂掉,可能会引起服务异常。
本文档讲解使用 nginx 4 层透明代理功能实现 K8S 节点访问 kube-apiserver 服务时高可用的方案。
- 控制节点的 kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler 是多实例部署,且都访问本地的 kube-apiserver,所以只要有一个控制节点工作正常,就可以保证高可用;
- 集群内的 Pod 使用域名 kubernetes 访问 kube-apiserver 时也是高可用的:因为 kube-dns 会自动解析出多个 kube-apiserver 节点的 IP。
- �工作节点上的 kubelet、kube-proxy 通过本地的 kube-nginx (监听 127.0.0.1)访问 kube-apiserver,从而实现 kube-apiserver 的高可用。
- kube-nginx 会对所有 kube-apiserver 实例做健康检查和负载均衡;
下载源码:
cd /opt/k8s/work
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.15.3.tar.gz
tar -xzvf nginx-1.15.3.tar.gz
配置编译参数:
cd /opt/k8s/work/nginx-1.15.3
mkdir nginx-prefix
./configure --with-stream --without-http --prefix=$(pwd)/nginx-prefix --without-http_uwsgi_module --without-http_scgi_module --without-http_fastcgi_module
--with-stream
:开启 4 层透明转发(TCP Proxy)功能;--without-xxx
:关闭所有其他功能,这样生成的动态链接二进制程序依赖最小;
输出:
Configuration summary
+ PCRE library is not used
+ OpenSSL library is not used
+ zlib library is not used
nginx path prefix: "/root/tmp/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix"
nginx binary file: "/root/tmp/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/root/tmp/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/root/tmp/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/root/tmp/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/root/tmp/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/root/tmp/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/root/tmp/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
编译和安装:
cd /opt/k8s/work/nginx-1.15.3
make && make install
cd /opt/k8s/work/nginx-1.15.3
./nginx-prefix/sbin/nginx -v
输出:
nginx version: nginx/1.15.3
查看 nginx 动态链接的库:
$ ldd ./nginx-prefix/sbin/nginx
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007ffc945e7000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f4385072000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f4384e56000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f4384a89000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f4385276000)
- 由于只开启了 4 层透明转发功能,所以除了依赖 libc 等操作系统核心 lib 库外,没有对其它 lib 的依赖(如 libz、libssl 等),这样可以方便部署到各版本操作系统中;
创建目录结构:
mkdir -p /opt/k8s/kube-nginx/{conf,logs,sbin}
拷贝二进制程序:
cp /opt/k8s/work/nginx-1.15.3/nginx-prefix/sbin/nginx /opt/k8s/kube-nginx/sbin/kube-nginx
chmod a+x /opt/k8s/kube-nginx/sbin/*
- 进程重命名为 kube-nginx;
配置 nginx,开启 4 层透明转发功能:
cat > /opt/k8s/kube-nginx/conf/kube-nginx.conf <<EOF
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
stream {
upstream backend {
hash $remote_addr consistent;
server 172.27.128.150:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.27.128.149:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.27.128.148:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server {
listen 127.0.0.1:8443;
proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
proxy_pass backend;
}
}
EOF
- 需要根据集群 kube-apiserver 的实际情况,替换 backend 中 server 列表;
配置 kube-nginx systemd unit 文件:
cat > /etc/systemd/system/kube-nginx.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=kube-apiserver nginx proxy
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStartPre=/opt/k8s/kube-nginx/sbin/kube-nginx -c /opt/k8s/kube-nginx/conf/kube-nginx.conf -p /opt/k8s/kube-nginx -t
ExecStart=/opt/k8s/kube-nginx/sbin/kube-nginx -c /opt/k8s/kube-nginx/conf/kube-nginx.conf -p /opt/k8s/kube-nginx
ExecReload=/opt/k8s/kube-nginx/sbin/kube-nginx -c /opt/k8s/kube-nginx/conf/kube-nginx.conf -p /opt/k8s/kube-nginx -s reload
PrivateTmp=true
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
StartLimitInterval=0
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
启动 kube-nginx 服务:
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable kube-nginx && systemctl restart kube-nginx
systemctl status kube-nginx |grep 'Active:'
确保状态为 active (running)
,否则到 master 节点查看日志,确认原因:
journalctl -u kube-nginx