diff --git a/neural_speed/convert/convert_quantized_mistral.py b/neural_speed/convert/convert_quantized_mistral.py
index 7e25bd22b..a0af0e13a 100644
--- a/neural_speed/convert/convert_quantized_mistral.py
+++ b/neural_speed/convert/convert_quantized_mistral.py
@@ -161,9 +161,6 @@ def main(args_in: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> None:
     f.write(struct.pack("f", config["rms_norm_eps"]))
     f.write(struct.pack("f", config["rope_theta"] if "rope_theta" in config else 10000))
     f.write(struct.pack("f", rope_scale))
-    f.write(struct.pack("f", 0.0)) # config.json "rope_scaling.factor", not enabled
-    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))   # rope_scaling.original_max_position_embeddings
-    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))   # params["rope_scaling"]["type"] =="yarn" else 0))
 
     f.write(struct.pack("f", 0.0))  # config.json "rope_scaling.factor", not enabled
     f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))  # rope_scaling.original_max_position_embeddings
diff --git a/neural_speed/convert/convert_quantized_mixtral.py b/neural_speed/convert/convert_quantized_mixtral.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cbd9d81ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neural_speed/convert/convert_quantized_mixtral.py
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2023 Intel Corporation
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import os
+import json
+import sys
+import re
+import argparse
+from common import *
+
+
+def permute_func(weights, n_head: int, n_head_kv: int):
+    if n_head_kv is not None and n_head != n_head_kv:
+        n_head = n_head_kv
+    return (weights.reshape(n_head_kv, 2, weights.shape[0] // n_head_kv // 2,
+                            *weights.shape[1:]).swapaxes(1, 2).reshape(weights.shape))
+
+
+def convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor(src_name, dst_name, model, fout, q_config, n_head, n_head_kv=0, permute_func=None):
+    # unpack weight and repack into jblas format
+    import neural_speed.llama_cpp as cpp_model
+    if ".weight" in src_name:
+        src_name = src_name.replace(".weight", "")
+    qzeros = model[f"{src_name}.qzeros"]
+    zeros = qzeros_to_zeros(qzeros)
+    scales = model[f"{src_name}.scales"]
+    qweight = model[f"{src_name}.qweight"]
+
+    int_weight, gptq_scales, gptq_zeros = unpack_weight(qweight, scales, qzeros, q_config)
+    int_weight = int_weight.view(-1, int_weight.shape[-1])
+
+    # shuffle weight in GPTQ when act order is on
+    if 'desc_act' in q_config and q_config['desc_act']:
+        g_idx = model[f"{src_name}.g_idx"]
+        int_weight2 = int_weight.clone()
+        group_size = q_config['group_size']
+        group_dict = {}
+        for i in range(len(g_idx)):
+            group_idx = g_idx[i].item()
+            if group_idx not in group_dict:
+                target_idx = group_idx * group_size
+                group_dict[group_idx] = 0
+            else:
+                group_dict[group_idx] = group_dict[group_idx] + 1
+                target_idx = group_idx * group_size + group_dict[group_idx]
+            int_weight2[target_idx] = int_weight[i]
+        int_weight = int_weight2
+
+    # permute_func for llama-like model
+    if permute_func:
+        int_weight = permute_func(int_weight.t(), n_head, n_head_kv).t().contiguous()
+        gptq_scales = permute_func(gptq_scales.t(), n_head, n_head_kv).t().contiguous()
+        gptq_zeros = permute_func(gptq_zeros.t(), n_head, n_head_kv).t().contiguous()
+
+    shape = int_weight.shape[::-1]
+    # write_header(fout, shape[::-1], dst_name, GGML_QJBLAS_TYPE)
+    n_dims = len(shape)
+    str = dst_name.encode('utf-8')
+    fout.write(struct.pack("iii", n_dims, len(str), GGML_QJBLAS_TYPE))
+    # import pdb;pdb.set_trace()
+    for i in range(n_dims):
+        fout.write(struct.pack("i", shape[n_dims - 1 - i]))
+    fout.write(str)
+
+    weight_dtype = "int8"
+    if q_config['bits'] == 4:
+        int_weight = (int_weight - 8) * 16
+        gptq_scales = gptq_scales / 16
+        gptq_zeros = (gptq_zeros - 8) * 16
+        weight_dtype == "int4"
+
+    dst = np.zeros((int_weight.shape[0], int_weight.shape[1] * 4), dtype=np.int8)
+    int_weight = np.ascontiguousarray(int_weight.numpy())
+    gptq_scales = np.ascontiguousarray((gptq_scales.float()).numpy())
+    if q_config['sym']:
+        gptq_zeros = np.empty(0, dtype=np.int8)
+    else:
+        gptq_zeros = np.ascontiguousarray(gptq_zeros.numpy())
+    if 'desc_act' in q_config and q_config['desc_act']:
+        g_idx = np.ascontiguousarray(g_idx.numpy())
+    else:
+        g_idx = np.empty(0, dtype=np.int32)
+
+    # pack int weight in bestla format
+    byte_size = cpp_model.Model.np_bestla_qpack(int_weight,
+                                                gptq_scales,
+                                                gptq_zeros,
+                                                g_idx,
+                                                dst,
+                                                weight_dtype=weight_dtype,
+                                                group_size=q_config['group_size'],
+                                                alg="sym" if q_config['sym'] else "asym",
+                                                compute_dtype="int8")
+    dst.flatten()[:byte_size].tofile(fout)
+    print(f"convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor: {src_name:>40} -> {dst_name:<40} shape: {shape}, byte_size: {byte_size:<10}")
+
+
+def main(args_in: Optional[List[str]] = None) -> None:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Convert a model to a NE compatible file")
+    parser.add_argument("--outtype", choices=["f32", "f16"], help="output format (default: based on input)")
+    parser.add_argument("--outfile", type=Path, help="path to write to; default: based on input")
+    parser.add_argument("model", type=Path, help="directory containing model file")
+    args = parser.parse_args(args_in)
+
+    out_path = args.outfile.as_posix()
+    model_path = args.model.as_posix()
+
+    model, config, quantize_config = load_quantized_model(model_path)
+    f = open(out_path, "wb")
+
+    # possible data types
+    #   ftype == 0 -> float32
+    #   ftype == 1 -> float16
+    ftype = 0
+    if args.outtype == "f16":
+        ftype = 1
+
+    # 1. write hparams
+    n_vocab = config["vocab_size"]
+    n_embd = config["hidden_size"]
+    n_layer = config["num_hidden_layers"]
+    n_head = config["num_attention_heads"]
+    ffn_hidden_size = config["intermediate_size"]
+
+    # hardcoded:
+    n_mult = 256
+    # 1. write head and params
+    ne_file_magic = 0x67676d66
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", ne_file_magic))  # magic: ne in hex
+    #f.write(b"ggjt"[::-1])  # magic
+    rope_scale = 1
+    if "rope_scaling" in config and config["rope_scaling"] is not None:
+        rope_scale = config["rope_scaling"]["factor"] if "factor" in config["rope_scaling"] else 1
+
+    n_head = n_head
+    n_head_kv = 8
+    values = [
+        1,  # file version
+        n_vocab,
+        n_embd,
+        256,  #hparams.n_mult,
+        n_head,
+        n_head_kv,  # n_head_kv (multi_query attention)
+        n_layer,
+        n_embd // n_head,  # rot (obsolete)
+        0,  #file_type.value, # TODO
+    ]
+
+    f.write(struct.pack("i" * len(values), *values))
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))
+    f.write(struct.pack("f", 0))
+    f.write(struct.pack("f", 0))
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))  # word_embed_proj_dim (for opt)
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))  # do_layer_norm_before (for opt)
+
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", ffn_hidden_size))
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 8))  # n_experts
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 2))  # n_expert_used
+
+    f.write(struct.pack("f", config["rms_norm_eps"]))
+    f.write(struct.pack("f", config["rope_theta"] if "rope_theta" in config else 10000))
+    f.write(struct.pack("f", rope_scale))
+
+    f.write(struct.pack("f", 0.0))  # config.json "rope_scaling.factor", not enabled
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))  # rope_scaling.original_max_position_embeddings
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))  # params["rope_scaling"]["type"] =="yarn" else 0))
+
+    # TODO, bos_token_id = 0 in https://huggingface.co/decapoda-research/llama-7b-hf/blob/main/config.json
+    # but bos_token_id = 1 in llama.cpp
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 1))
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 2))
+
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))
+    f.write(struct.pack("i", 0))
+
+    # 2. vocab
+    tokenizer_path = os.path.join(model_path, "tokenizer.model")
+    vocab = load_vocab(Path(tokenizer_path))
+    for text, score in vocab.all_tokens():
+        f.write(struct.pack("i", len(text)))
+        f.write(text)
+        f.write(struct.pack("f", score))
+
+    def convert_mixtral_to_fp32_tensor(src_name, dst_name, model, fout):
+        #data = model[src_name]
+        # qwen-gptq is torch.bfloat16 mostly.
+        if model[src_name].dtype == torch.float32:
+            data = model[src_name].squeeze().numpy()
+        else:
+            data = model[src_name].squeeze().to(torch.float32).numpy()
+        #data = model[src_name].squeeze().numpy()
+        data = data.astype(np.float32)
+        shape = data.shape
+        n_dims = len(shape)
+        print("convert_mixtral_to_fp32_tensor:  %40s" % src_name + "-> %-40s" % dst_name + " shape: ", shape, " type: ",
+              data.dtype)
+        #data = data.to(torch.float32)
+
+        #ftype_cur = {torch.float16: 1, torch.float32: 0}[data.dtype]
+        # default type is fp32
+        ftype_cur = 0
+        if ftype == 1 and n_dims > 1:
+            # print("  Converting to float16", data.shape, data[:3, :3].tolist())
+            data = data.astype(np.float16)
+            ftype_cur = 1
+        else:
+            # print("  Converting to float32", data.shape, data[:3, :3].tolist() if n_dims > 1 else data[:3].tolist())
+            data = data.astype(np.float32)
+
+        # header
+        # write_header(fout, shape, dst_name, ftype_cur)
+        str = dst_name.encode('utf-8')
+        f.write(struct.pack("iii", n_dims, len(str), ftype_cur))
+        for i in range(n_dims):
+            f.write(struct.pack("i", data.shape[n_dims - 1 - i]))
+        f.write(str)
+
+        # data
+        data.tofile(f)
+        #data.numpy().tofile(fout)
+
+    # 3. write tensors
+    list_vars = model
+    convert_mixtral_to_fp32_tensor("model.embed_tokens.weight", "tok_embeddings.weight", list_vars, f)
+    convert_mixtral_to_fp32_tensor("model.norm.weight", "norm.weight", list_vars, f)
+    convert_mixtral_to_fp32_tensor("lm_head.weight", "output.weight", list_vars, f)
+
+    for name in list_vars.keys():
+        print(f"name = {name}")
+
+    for i in range(n_layer):
+        convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.self_attn.q_proj",
+                                    f"layers.{i}.attention.wq.weight",
+                                    list_vars,
+                                    f,
+                                    quantize_config,
+                                    n_head,
+                                    n_head,
+                                    permute_func=permute_func)
+        convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.self_attn.k_proj",
+                                    f"layers.{i}.attention.wk.weight",
+                                    list_vars,
+                                    f,
+                                    quantize_config,
+                                    n_head,
+                                    n_head_kv,
+                                    permute_func=permute_func)
+        convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.self_attn.v_proj", f"layers.{i}.attention.wv.weight", list_vars,
+                                    f, quantize_config, n_head)
+        convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.self_attn.o_proj", f"layers.{i}.attention.wo.weight", list_vars,
+                                    f, quantize_config, n_head)
+
+        convert_mixtral_to_fp32_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.block_sparse_moe.gate.weight",
+                                       f"layers.{i}.ffn_gate_inp.weight", list_vars, f)
+
+        for j in range(8):
+            convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.block_sparse_moe.experts.{j}.w1",
+                                        f"layers.{i}.ffn_gate.{j}.weight", list_vars, f, quantize_config, n_head)
+            convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.block_sparse_moe.experts.{j}.w2",
+                                        f"layers.{i}.ffn_down.{j}.weight", list_vars, f, quantize_config, n_head)
+            convert_to_q4_bestla_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.block_sparse_moe.experts.{j}.w3",
+                                        f"layers.{i}.ffn_up.{j}.weight", list_vars, f, quantize_config, n_head)
+
+        convert_mixtral_to_fp32_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.input_layernorm.weight", f"layers.{i}.attention_norm.weight",
+                                       list_vars, f)
+        convert_mixtral_to_fp32_tensor(f"model.layers.{i}.post_attention_layernorm.weight",
+                                       f"layers.{i}.ffn_norm.weight", list_vars, f)
+
+    f.close()
+    print(f"Success! saved as {out_path}")
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/neural_speed/models/llama/llama_utils.cpp b/neural_speed/models/llama/llama_utils.cpp
index 2bca0673c..741b2c381 100644
--- a/neural_speed/models/llama/llama_utils.cpp
+++ b/neural_speed/models/llama/llama_utils.cpp
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ void Llama::load(model_context* ctx, model_progress_callback progress_callback,
   const int i_gpu_start = n_layer - n_gpu_layer;
   model.layers.resize(n_layer);
   size_t vram_total = 0;
-  if (ml->verify_tensor("token_embd.weight")) {
+  if (ml->verify_tensor("token_embd.weight")) { // GGUF
     model.others[0] = ml->get_tensor("token_embd.weight", {n_embd, n_vocab}, NE_BACKEND_CPU);
     model.others[1] = ml->get_tensor("output_norm.weight", {n_embd}, NE_BACKEND_CPU);
     model.others[2] = ml->get_tensor("output.weight", {n_embd, n_vocab},
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void Llama::load(model_context* ctx, model_progress_callback progress_callback,
                       ne_nbytes(layer.ffn[0]) + ne_nbytes(layer.ffn[1]) + ne_nbytes(layer.ffn[2]);
       }
     }
-  } else {
+  } else {  // NE Fortmat
     model.others[0] = ml->get_tensor("tok_embeddings.weight", {n_embd, n_vocab}, NE_BACKEND_CPU);
     model.others[1] = ml->get_tensor("norm.weight", {n_embd}, NE_BACKEND_CPU);
     model.others[2] = ml->get_tensor("output.weight", {n_embd, n_vocab},
diff --git a/neural_speed/models/model_utils/model_files.h b/neural_speed/models/model_utils/model_files.h
index c102aa537..5ef9973d8 100644
--- a/neural_speed/models/model_utils/model_files.h
+++ b/neural_speed/models/model_utils/model_files.h
@@ -1076,6 +1076,7 @@ struct model_file_loader {
   }
 
   void read_ne_hparams() {
+    unsigned int count = 0;
     hparams.n_vocab = file.read_u32();
     hparams.n_embd = file.read_u32();
     hparams.n_mult = file.read_u32();
@@ -1083,13 +1084,13 @@ struct model_file_loader {
     hparams.n_head_kv = file.read_u32();
     hparams.n_layer = file.read_u32();
     hparams.n_rot = file.read_u32();
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_vocab = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_vocab);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_embd = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_embd);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_mult = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_mult);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_head = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_head);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_head_kv = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_head_kv);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_layer = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_layer);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_rot = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_vocab);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_vocab = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_vocab);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_embd = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_embd);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_mult = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_mult);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_head = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_head);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_head_kv = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_head_kv);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_layer = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_layer);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_rot = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_vocab);
 
     hparams.ftype = (enum ne_ftype)file.read_u32();
     hparams.max_seq_len = file.read_u32();
@@ -1098,49 +1099,57 @@ struct model_file_loader {
     hparams.par_res = file.read_u32();
     hparams.word_embed_proj_dim = file.read_u32();
     hparams.do_layer_norm_before = bool(file.read_u32());
-    printf("%s: hparams.ftype = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.ftype);
-    printf("%s: hparams.max_seq_len = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.max_seq_len);
-    printf("%s: hparams.alibi_bias_max = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.alibi_bias_max);
-    printf("%s: hparams.clip_qkv = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.clip_qkv);
-    printf("%s: hparams.par_res = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.par_res);
-    printf("%s: hparams.word_embed_proj_dim = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.word_embed_proj_dim);
-    printf("%s: hparams.do_layer_norm_before = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.do_layer_norm_before);
-
-    // For ChatGLM-2
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.ftype = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.ftype);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.max_seq_len = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.max_seq_len);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.alibi_bias_max = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.alibi_bias_max);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.clip_qkv = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.clip_qkv);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.par_res = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.par_res);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.word_embed_proj_dim = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.word_embed_proj_dim);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.do_layer_norm_before = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.do_layer_norm_before);
+
     hparams.multi_query_group_num = file.read_u32();
     hparams.ffn_hidden_size = file.read_u32();
-    printf("%s: hparams.multi_query_group_num = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.multi_query_group_num);
-    printf("%s: hparams.ffn_hidden_size = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.ffn_hidden_size);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.multi_query_group_num = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.multi_query_group_num);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.ffn_hidden_size = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.ffn_hidden_size);
 
-    // For ChatGLM-2
     hparams.inner_hidden_size = file.read_u32();
     hparams.n_experts = file.read_u32();
     hparams.n_experts_used = file.read_u32();
-    printf("%s: hparams.inner_hidden_size = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.inner_hidden_size);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_experts = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_experts);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_experts_used = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_experts_used);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.inner_hidden_size = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.inner_hidden_size);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_experts = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_experts);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.n_experts_used = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.n_experts_used);
 
     // rms related
     file.read_raw(&hparams.rms_norm_eps, sizeof(float));
     file.read_raw(&hparams.freq_base, sizeof(float));
     file.read_raw(&hparams.freq_scale, sizeof(float));
-    printf("%s: hparams.inner_hidden_size = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.inner_hidden_size);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_experts = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_experts);
-    printf("%s: hparams.n_experts_used = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.n_experts_used);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.inner_hidden_size = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.inner_hidden_size);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.freq_base = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.freq_base);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.freq_scale = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.freq_scale);
 
     file.read_raw(&hparams.rope_scaling_factor, sizeof(float));
     hparams.original_max_position_embeddings = file.read_u32();
     hparams.use_yarn = file.read_u32();
-    printf("%s: hparams.rope_scaling_factor = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.rope_scaling_factor);
-    printf("%s: hparams.original_max_position_embeddings = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.original_max_position_embeddings);
-    printf("%s: hparams.use_yarn = %-30d\n", __func__, hparams.use_yarn);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.rope_scaling_factor = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.rope_scaling_factor);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.original_max_position_embeddings = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.original_max_position_embeddings);
+    printf("%-16s %d.hparams.use_yarn = %-30d\n", __func__, count++, hparams.use_yarn);
+    unsigned int total = 25;
+    if (count != total) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "The number of ne_parameters is wrong.\n");
+    }
   }
 
   void read_ne_vocab() {
+    unsigned int count = 0;
+    unsigned int ne_hparams_total = 25;
     file.read_raw(&vocab.bos_token_id, sizeof(model_vocab::id));
     file.read_raw(&vocab.eos_token_id, sizeof(model_vocab::id));
     file.read_raw(&vocab.pad_token_id, sizeof(model_vocab::id));
     file.read_raw(&vocab.sep_token_id, sizeof(model_vocab::id));
+    printf("%-16s %d.vocab.bos_token_id = %-30d\n", __func__, ne_hparams_total + count++ , vocab.bos_token_id);
+    printf("%-16s %d.vocab.eos_token_id = %-30d\n", __func__, ne_hparams_total + count++ , vocab.eos_token_id);
+    printf("%-16s %d.vocab.pad_token_id = %-30d\n", __func__, ne_hparams_total + count++ , vocab.pad_token_id);
+    printf("%-16s %d.vocab.sep_token_id = %-30d\n", __func__, ne_hparams_total + count++ , vocab.sep_token_id);
 
     vocab.id_to_token.resize(hparams.n_vocab);
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < hparams.n_vocab; i++) {