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Self Hosting Using Debian.md

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Self Hosting Using Debian

Step 1: Updating the OS

  • Run the following code:
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade 

Step 2: Add your user in the sudoers group and enable password-less sudo

  1. Switch to root user and enter the root password
su root
  1. Access the sudoers file
sudo visudo
  1. locate the section for User Privilleges and your user
# User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
<your username> ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Step 3: Install ssh server

  1. Run the following code:
sudo apt install openssh-server
  1. Determine the Ip address of the machine (here the ip address is 192.168.1.36) and connect to it via ssh
ip a

example output:
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:cf:33:ac brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.36/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s3
       valid_lft 85944sec preferred_lft 85944sec
    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fecf:33ac/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
example output:
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:cf:33:ac brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.36/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp0s3
       valid_lft 85944sec preferred_lft 85944sec
    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fecf:33ac/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
  1. Open a terminal window on the other machine and write
ssh <username>@<the device ip>
##example:
ssh [email protected]
## you will be prompted to enter a password, enter the password of the user you are connceting to

Step 4: Disable root ssh Access

  1. Open the SSH daemon configuration file
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
  1. Locate the premit root login and turn it to "no"
# How it might look
PermitRootLogin yes
# After changing value
PermitRootLogin no

Step 5 install docker and docker compose

  1. Run the following code to install docker:
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
sudo sh ./get-docker.sh --dry-run
  1. Test your docker installation
sudo docker run hello-world
  1. Install the latest version of docker compose and verify that it is installed
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/latest/download/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
docker-compose --version
  1. Add your user to the docker group
sudo usermod -aG docker <username> # add the user tp the docker group
su - <username> # log out and log back in
groups # verify by making sure that docker shows up when you run this command

Step 5: Install nextcloud

  1. Create a nextcloud directory (The directory structre is optional) and create a docker-compose yaml file
mkdir docker && cd docker && mkdir nextcloud && cd nextcloud && nano docker-compose.yml
  1. Write this into the yml file ( change the passwords )
version: '3'

services:
  nextcloud:
    image: nextcloud
    container_name: nextcloud
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - 8080:80     # Change the port if port 8080 is already used up
    volumes:
      - ./nextcloud:/var/www/html
    environment:
      - MYSQL_HOST=mysql
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=nextcloud
      - MYSQL_USER=nextcloud
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=test123 # Change this password
    depends_on:
      - mysql

  mysql:
    image: mysql:5.7
    container_name: mysql
    restart: unless-stopped
    volumes:
      - db:/var/lib/mysql
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=test123 # Change this password
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=nextcloud
      - MYSQL_USER=nextcloud
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=test123 # Change this password

volumes:
  db:

  1. Run The container

    docker-compose up -d

  2. Open it in the browser and create the username and password for the main user

http://<the server IP address>:8080 #change the port if you changed it in the compose filr
  1. Choose If you want to install thier extra apps or not

Congrats! You now have nextcloud up and running and accessible from your LOCAL network. The next guide is on how to access it via the internet