diff --git a/tests/fsdp/test_fsdp.py b/tests/fsdp/test_fsdp.py
index 2a9473c862ffa9..c2d539b3e99e75 100644
--- a/tests/fsdp/test_fsdp.py
+++ b/tests/fsdp/test_fsdp.py
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
     slow,
     torch_device,
 )
+from transformers.trainer import FSDP_MODEL_NAME
 from transformers.trainer_callback import TrainerState
 from transformers.trainer_utils import FSDPOption, set_seed
 from transformers.utils import is_accelerate_available, is_torch_bf16_available_on_device
@@ -211,6 +212,19 @@ def test_training_and_can_resume_normally(self, state_dict_type):
         # resume from ckpt
         checkpoint = os.path.join(output_dir, "checkpoint-115")
         resume_args = args + f"--resume_from_checkpoint {checkpoint}".split()
+
+        is_fsdp_ckpt = os.path.isdir(checkpoint) and (
+            # this checks the FSDP state dict when `SHARDED_STATE_DICT` is used
+            any(
+                FSDP_MODEL_NAME in folder_name
+                for folder_name in os.listdir(checkpoint)
+                if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(checkpoint, folder_name))
+            )
+            # this checks the FSDP state dict when `FULL_STATE_DICT` is used
+            or os.path.isfile(os.path.join(checkpoint, f"{FSDP_MODEL_NAME}.bin"))
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(is_fsdp_ckpt)
+
         logs_resume = self.run_cmd_and_get_logs(
             use_accelerate, sharding_strategy, launcher, script, resume_args, output_dir
         )