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Chef Server

This image runs Chef Server 12. The latest version is published as quay.io/3ofcoins/chef-server:latest. Version tags are available; current one is quay.io/3ofcoins/chef-server:12.2.0.

Git repository containing the Dockerfile lives at https://github.com/3ofcoins/docker-chef-server/

Environment Variables

  • PUBLIC_URL - should be configured to a full public URL of the endpoint (e.g. https://chef.example.com)
  • OC_ID_ADMINISTRATORS - if set, it should be a comma-separated list of users that will be allowed to add oc_id applications

Ports

Ports 80 (HTTP) and 443 (HTTPS) are exposed.

Volumes

/var/opt/opscode directory, that holds all Chef server data, is a volume. Directories /var/log/opscode and /etc/opscode are linked there as, respectively, log and etc.

If there is a file etc/chef-server-local.rb in this volume, it will be read at the end of chef-server.rb and it can be used to customize Chef Server's settings.

Signals

  • docker kill -s HUP $CONTAINER_ID will run chef-server-ctl reconfigure
  • docker kill -s USR1 $CONTAINER_ID will run chef-server-ctl status

Usage

Prerequisites and first start

The kernel.shmmax and kernel.shmall sysctl values should be set to a high value on the host. You may also run Chef server as a privileged container to let it autoconfigure -- but the setting will propagate to host anyway, and it would be the only reason for making the container privileged, so it is better to avoid it.

First start will automatically run chef-server-ctl reconfigure. Subsequent starts will not run reconfigure, unless file /var/opt/opscode/bootstrapped has been deleted. You can run reconfigure (e.g. after editing etc/chef-server.rb) using docker-enter or by sending SIGHUP to the container: docker kill -HUP $CONTAINER_ID.

Maintenance commands

Chef Server's design makes it impossible to wrap it cleanly in a container - it will always be necessary to run custom commands. While some of the management commands may work with linked containers with varying amount of ugly hacks, it is simpler to have one way of interacting with the software that is closest to interacting with a Chef Server installed directly on host (and thus closest to supported usage).

This means you need Docker 1.3+ with docker exec feature, and run chef-server-ctl commands like:

docker exec $CONTAINER_ID chef-server-ctl status
docker exec $CONTAINER_ID chef-server-ctl user-create …
docker exec $CONTAINER_ID chef-server-ctl org-create …
docker exec $CONTAINER_ID chef-server-ctl …

If you have Docker older than 1.3 and can't upgrade, you should be able to get by with nsenter utility and docker-enter script by Jérôme Petazzoni on your Docker host. The easiest way to install it is to run the installer Docker image:

docker run --rm -v /usr/local/bin:/target jpetazzo/nsenter

Then, you can use the docker-enter script to run chef-server-ctl commands:

docker-enter $CONTAINER_ID chef-server-ctl …

Publishing the endpoint

This container is not supposed to listen on a publically available port. It is very strongly recommended to use a proxy server, such as nginx, as a public endpoint.

Unfortunately, Chef's logic for figuring out the absolute URL of various pieces (oc_id, bookshelf, erchef API, etc) for links and redirects is twisted and fragile. There are chef-server.rb settings, but some pieces insist on using the Host: header of the request, and it doesn't seem possible to use plain HTTP endpoint and have the Chef Server generate HTTPS redirects everywhere.

The main setting you need to configure is PUBLIC_URL environment variable. It needs to contain full public URL, as seen by knife and chef-client (e.g. PUBLIC_URL=https://chef-api.example.com/).

Then, you need to make sure that the proxy passes proper Host: header to the Chef Server, and talks with the Chef Server on the same protocol that the final endpoint will use (i.e. proxy that listens on HTTPS would need to use Chef Server's self-signed HTTPS endpoint; proxy that listens on plain HTTP would need to talk to HTTP endpoint).

If you prefer to avoid overhead of encrypting the connection between proxy and the Chef Server, it should be sufficient to rewrite the Location: headers (proxy_redirect in nginx, ProxyPassReverse in Apache). It works for me, but I can't guarantee you won't bump into a wrong URL generated by the server.

A sample nginx configuration looks like this:

server {
  listen 443 ssl;
  server_name chef.example.com;
  ssl_certificate /path/to/chef.example.com.pem;
  ssl_certificate_key /path/to/chef.example.com.key;
  client_max_body_size 4G;
  location / {
      proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:5000;
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
      proxy_redirect default;
      proxy_redirect http://chef.example.com https://chef.example.com;
  }
}

Backup and restore

$ docker exec chef-server chef-server-backup

Backup will be created in /var/opt/opscode/backup/latest, and all previous backups will be in their own timestamped directories. Backups will use hardlinks to share unchanged files. The backups will take form of JSON files with user and organization details, and each organization's chef repository dump generated with knife download.

There is no full restore script yet; you'll need to create orgs & users based on JSON files, and then use knife upload to upload each organization's data separately. The restore script is being worked on, but some pieces can't be restored (in particular, users' passwords), and other pieces seem tricky (in particular, ACLs).

Alternatively, one can take a binary backup of data volume (it is not possible to read anything from such backup without starting up whole Chef server, and it takes much more disk space, though):

  1. docker stop chef-server
  2. Archive /var/opt/opscode volume (delete the bootstrapped file from the archive to force chef-server-ctl reconfigure run on the new container)
  3. docker start chef-server

Same thing works for upgrades: just reuse container, remembering to remove the bootstrapped file. You may also need to remove the symlinks in /var/opt/opscode/service and/or run chef-server-ctl upgrade via docker exec.

Chef Plugins

UNSUPPORTED. No idea how to handle this (especially that this is the point at which licensing issues start to occur). Most likely, a separate image based off this one would be necessary.