diff --git a/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/chain.go b/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/chain.go
index e8b3725b17a5..a34a41dacdaa 100644
--- a/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/chain.go
+++ b/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/chain.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -56,21 +56,21 @@ type Chain struct {
 // NewChain takes the given chain.rlp file, and decodes and returns
 // the blocks from the file.
 func NewChain(dir string) (*Chain, error) {
-	gen, err := loadGenesis(path.Join(dir, "genesis.json"))
+	gen, err := loadGenesis(filepath.Join(dir, "genesis.json"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	gblock := gen.ToBlock()
 
-	blocks, err := blocksFromFile(path.Join(dir, "chain.rlp"), gblock)
+	blocks, err := blocksFromFile(filepath.Join(dir, "chain.rlp"), gblock)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	state, err := readState(path.Join(dir, "headstate.json"))
+	state, err := readState(filepath.Join(dir, "headstate.json"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	accounts, err := readAccounts(path.Join(dir, "accounts.json"))
+	accounts, err := readAccounts(filepath.Join(dir, "accounts.json"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
diff --git a/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/engine.go b/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/engine.go
index ea4fc76e6ff7..0e94efa5bdac 100644
--- a/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/engine.go
+++ b/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/engine.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ type EngineClient struct {
 
 // NewEngineClient creates a new engine client.
 func NewEngineClient(dir, url, jwt string) (*EngineClient, error) {
-	headfcu, err := os.ReadFile(path.Join(dir, "headfcu.json"))
+	headfcu, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "headfcu.json"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read headfcu: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/suite_test.go b/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/suite_test.go
index ad73bc9f90e7..d70adda51f92 100644
--- a/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/suite_test.go
+++ b/cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/suite_test.go
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import (
 	crand "crypto/rand"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func makeJWTSecret() (string, [32]byte, error) {
 	if _, err := crand.Read(secret[:]); err != nil {
 		return "", secret, fmt.Errorf("failed to create jwt secret: %v", err)
 	}
-	jwtPath := path.Join(os.TempDir(), "jwt_secret")
+	jwtPath := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "jwt_secret")
 	if err := os.WriteFile(jwtPath, []byte(hexutil.Encode(secret[:])), 0600); err != nil {
 		return "", secret, fmt.Errorf("failed to prepare jwt secret file: %v", err)
 	}
diff --git a/cmd/era/main.go b/cmd/era/main.go
index c7f5de12bc1a..8b57fd695c53 100644
--- a/cmd/era/main.go
+++ b/cmd/era/main.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ func open(ctx *cli.Context, epoch uint64) (*era.Era, error) {
 	if epoch >= uint64(len(entries)) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("epoch out-of-bounds: last %d, want %d", len(entries)-1, epoch)
 	}
-	return era.Open(path.Join(dir, entries[epoch]))
+	return era.Open(filepath.Join(dir, entries[epoch]))
 }
 
 // verify checks each era1 file in a directory to ensure it is well-formed and
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func verify(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		// Wrap in function so defers don't stack.
 		err := func() error {
 			name := entries[i]
-			e, err := era.Open(path.Join(dir, name))
+			e, err := era.Open(filepath.Join(dir, name))
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("error opening era1 file %s: %w", name, err)
 			}
diff --git a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/transition.go b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/transition.go
index aa0483a8ba67..a9489d069a70 100644
--- a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/transition.go
+++ b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/transition.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func Transition(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 			Debug:            true,
 		}
 		getTracer = func(txIndex int, txHash common.Hash) (vm.EVMLogger, error) {
-			traceFile, err := os.Create(path.Join(baseDir, fmt.Sprintf("trace-%d-%v.jsonl", txIndex, txHash.String())))
+			traceFile, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(baseDir, fmt.Sprintf("trace-%d-%v.jsonl", txIndex, txHash.String())))
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, NewError(ErrorIO, fmt.Errorf("failed creating trace-file: %v", err))
 			}
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func Transition(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 			config = []byte(ctx.String(TraceTracerConfigFlag.Name))
 		}
 		getTracer = func(txIndex int, txHash common.Hash) (vm.EVMLogger, error) {
-			traceFile, err := os.Create(path.Join(baseDir, fmt.Sprintf("trace-%d-%v.json", txIndex, txHash.String())))
+			traceFile, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(baseDir, fmt.Sprintf("trace-%d-%v.json", txIndex, txHash.String())))
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, NewError(ErrorIO, fmt.Errorf("failed creating trace-file: %v", err))
 			}
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ func saveFile(baseDir, filename string, data interface{}) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return NewError(ErrorJson, fmt.Errorf("failed marshalling output: %v", err))
 	}
-	location := path.Join(baseDir, filename)
+	location := filepath.Join(baseDir, filename)
 	if err = os.WriteFile(location, b, 0644); err != nil {
 		return NewError(ErrorIO, fmt.Errorf("failed writing output: %v", err))
 	}
diff --git a/cmd/utils/cmd.go b/cmd/utils/cmd.go
index 37736dda8509..fc66e11dca96 100644
--- a/cmd/utils/cmd.go
+++ b/cmd/utils/cmd.go
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ func ImportHistory(chain *core.BlockChain, db ethdb.Database, dir string, networ
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error reading %s: %w", dir, err)
 	}
-	checksums, err := readList(path.Join(dir, "checksums.txt"))
+	checksums, err := readList(filepath.Join(dir, "checksums.txt"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unable to read checksums.txt: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ func ImportHistory(chain *core.BlockChain, db ethdb.Database, dir string, networ
 	)
 	for i, filename := range entries {
 		err := func() error {
-			f, err := os.Open(path.Join(dir, filename))
+			f, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(dir, filename))
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("unable to open era: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ func ExportHistory(bc *core.BlockChain, dir string, first, last, step uint64) er
 	)
 	for i := first; i <= last; i += step {
 		err := func() error {
-			filename := path.Join(dir, era.Filename(network, int(i/step), common.Hash{}))
+			filename := filepath.Join(dir, era.Filename(network, int(i/step), common.Hash{}))
 			f, err := os.Create(filename)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("could not create era file: %w", err)
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ func ExportHistory(bc *core.BlockChain, dir string, first, last, step uint64) er
 				return fmt.Errorf("export failed to finalize %d: %w", step/i, err)
 			}
 			// Set correct filename with root.
-			os.Rename(filename, path.Join(dir, era.Filename(network, int(i/step), root)))
+			os.Rename(filename, filepath.Join(dir, era.Filename(network, int(i/step), root)))
 
 			// Compute checksum of entire Era1.
 			if _, err := f.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ func ExportHistory(bc *core.BlockChain, dir string, first, last, step uint64) er
 		}
 	}
 
-	os.WriteFile(path.Join(dir, "checksums.txt"), []byte(strings.Join(checksums, "\n")), os.ModePerm)
+	os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "checksums.txt"), []byte(strings.Join(checksums, "\n")), os.ModePerm)
 
 	log.Info("Exported blockchain to", "dir", dir)
 
diff --git a/cmd/utils/history_test.go b/cmd/utils/history_test.go
index 9b7f1797d8dd..1d8e48344a2e 100644
--- a/cmd/utils/history_test.go
+++ b/cmd/utils/history_test.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func TestHistoryImportAndExport(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Read checksums.
-	b, err := os.ReadFile(path.Join(dir, "checksums.txt"))
+	b, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "checksums.txt"))
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to read checksums: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func TestHistoryImportAndExport(t *testing.T) {
 	entries, _ := era.ReadDir(dir, "mainnet")
 	for i, filename := range entries {
 		func() {
-			f, err := os.Open(path.Join(dir, filename))
+			f, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(dir, filename))
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("error opening era file: %v", err)
 			}
diff --git a/common/math/big.go b/common/math/big.go
index 013c0ba4b66f..721b297c9c4d 100644
--- a/common/math/big.go
+++ b/common/math/big.go
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func ReadBits(bigint *big.Int, buf []byte) {
 	}
 }
 
-// U256 encodes as a 256 bit two's complement number. This operation is destructive.
+// U256 encodes x as a 256 bit two's complement number. This operation is destructive.
 func U256(x *big.Int) *big.Int {
 	return x.And(x, tt256m1)
 }
@@ -255,14 +255,15 @@ func S256(x *big.Int) *big.Int {
 //
 // Courtesy @karalabe and @chfast
 func Exp(base, exponent *big.Int) *big.Int {
+	copyBase := new(big.Int).Set(base)
 	result := big.NewInt(1)
 
 	for _, word := range exponent.Bits() {
 		for i := 0; i < wordBits; i++ {
 			if word&1 == 1 {
-				U256(result.Mul(result, base))
+				U256(result.Mul(result, copyBase))
 			}
-			U256(base.Mul(base, base))
+			U256(copyBase.Mul(copyBase, copyBase))
 			word >>= 1
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/core/blockchain_repair_test.go b/core/blockchain_repair_test.go
index b6a299f8ba89..a4761f337b85 100644
--- a/core/blockchain_repair_test.go
+++ b/core/blockchain_repair_test.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ package core
 
 import (
 	"math/big"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -1762,7 +1762,7 @@ func testRepairWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme s
 
 	// Create a temporary persistent database
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
-	ancient := path.Join(datadir, "ancient")
+	ancient := filepath.Join(datadir, "ancient")
 
 	db, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.OpenOptions{
 		Directory:         datadir,
@@ -1912,7 +1912,7 @@ func testIssue23496(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 
 	// Create a temporary persistent database
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
-	ancient := path.Join(datadir, "ancient")
+	ancient := filepath.Join(datadir, "ancient")
 
 	db, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.OpenOptions{
 		Directory:         datadir,
diff --git a/core/blockchain_snapshot_test.go b/core/blockchain_snapshot_test.go
index dd012c430c4d..80f8035df151 100644
--- a/core/blockchain_snapshot_test.go
+++ b/core/blockchain_snapshot_test.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ type snapshotTestBasic struct {
 func (basic *snapshotTestBasic) prepare(t *testing.T) (*BlockChain, []*types.Block) {
 	// Create a temporary persistent database
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
-	ancient := path.Join(datadir, "ancient")
+	ancient := filepath.Join(datadir, "ancient")
 
 	db, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.OpenOptions{
 		Directory:         datadir,
diff --git a/core/rawdb/freezer_test.go b/core/rawdb/freezer_test.go
index b4bd6a382a86..2a156638903d 100644
--- a/core/rawdb/freezer_test.go
+++ b/core/rawdb/freezer_test.go
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"math/rand"
 	"os"
 	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -393,7 +394,7 @@ func TestRenameWindows(t *testing.T) {
 	dir2 := t.TempDir()
 
 	// Create file in dir1 and fill with data
-	f, err := os.Create(path.Join(dir1, fname))
+	f, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(dir1, fname))
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
diff --git a/crypto/bn256/cloudflare/gfp_decl.go b/crypto/bn256/cloudflare/gfp_decl.go
index cf7f5654239f..1954d14a4a5a 100644
--- a/crypto/bn256/cloudflare/gfp_decl.go
+++ b/crypto/bn256/cloudflare/gfp_decl.go
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 //nolint:varcheck,unused,deadcode
 var hasBMI2 = cpu.X86.HasBMI2
 
-// go:noescape
+//go:noescape
 func gfpNeg(c, a *gfP)
 
 //go:noescape
diff --git a/internal/build/download.go b/internal/build/download.go
index fda573df8331..206c51dce1e3 100644
--- a/internal/build/download.go
+++ b/internal/build/download.go
@@ -84,10 +84,12 @@ func (db *ChecksumDB) DownloadFile(url, dstPath string) error {
 	resp, err := http.Get(url)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("download error: %v", err)
-	} else if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
-		return fmt.Errorf("download error: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
 	}
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("download error: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(dstPath), 0755); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/miner/payload_building.go b/miner/payload_building.go
index cbdb82a642cf..d027cd1e1f3a 100644
--- a/miner/payload_building.go
+++ b/miner/payload_building.go
@@ -229,6 +229,8 @@ func (miner *Miner) buildPayload(args *BuildPayloadArgs) (*Payload, error) {
 				r := miner.generateWork(fullParams)
 				if r.err == nil {
 					payload.update(r, time.Since(start))
+				} else {
+					log.Info("Error while generating work", "id", payload.id, "err", r.err)
 				}
 				timer.Reset(miner.config.Recommit)
 			case <-payload.stop:
diff --git a/p2p/dial.go b/p2p/dial.go
index 5e4ab1d50dcc..08e1db28771e 100644
--- a/p2p/dial.go
+++ b/p2p/dial.go
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	mrand "math/rand"
 	"net"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/mclock"
@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@ loop:
 			}
 
 		case task := <-d.doneCh:
-			id := task.dest.ID()
+			id := task.dest().ID()
 			delete(d.dialing, id)
 			d.updateStaticPool(id)
 			d.doneSinceLastLog++
@@ -410,7 +411,7 @@ func (d *dialScheduler) startStaticDials(n int) (started int) {
 // updateStaticPool attempts to move the given static dial back into staticPool.
 func (d *dialScheduler) updateStaticPool(id enode.ID) {
 	task, ok := d.static[id]
-	if ok && task.staticPoolIndex < 0 && d.checkDial(task.dest) == nil {
+	if ok && task.staticPoolIndex < 0 && d.checkDial(task.dest()) == nil {
 		d.addToStaticPool(task)
 	}
 }
@@ -437,10 +438,11 @@ func (d *dialScheduler) removeFromStaticPool(idx int) {
 
 // startDial runs the given dial task in a separate goroutine.
 func (d *dialScheduler) startDial(task *dialTask) {
-	d.log.Trace("Starting p2p dial", "id", task.dest.ID(), "ip", task.dest.IP(), "flag", task.flags)
-	hkey := string(task.dest.ID().Bytes())
+	node := task.dest()
+	d.log.Trace("Starting p2p dial", "id", node.ID(), "ip", node.IP(), "flag", task.flags)
+	hkey := string(node.ID().Bytes())
 	d.history.add(hkey, d.clock.Now().Add(dialHistoryExpiration))
-	d.dialing[task.dest.ID()] = task
+	d.dialing[node.ID()] = task
 	go func() {
 		task.run(d)
 		d.doneCh <- task
@@ -451,39 +453,46 @@ func (d *dialScheduler) startDial(task *dialTask) {
 type dialTask struct {
 	staticPoolIndex int
 	flags           connFlag
+
 	// These fields are private to the task and should not be
 	// accessed by dialScheduler while the task is running.
-	dest         *enode.Node
+	destPtr      atomic.Pointer[enode.Node]
 	lastResolved mclock.AbsTime
 	resolveDelay time.Duration
 }
 
 func newDialTask(dest *enode.Node, flags connFlag) *dialTask {
-	return &dialTask{dest: dest, flags: flags, staticPoolIndex: -1}
+	t := &dialTask{flags: flags, staticPoolIndex: -1}
+	t.destPtr.Store(dest)
+	return t
 }
 
 type dialError struct {
 	error
 }
 
+func (t *dialTask) dest() *enode.Node {
+	return t.destPtr.Load()
+}
+
 func (t *dialTask) run(d *dialScheduler) {
 	if t.needResolve() && !t.resolve(d) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	err := t.dial(d, t.dest)
+	err := t.dial(d, t.dest())
 	if err != nil {
 		// For static nodes, resolve one more time if dialing fails.
 		if _, ok := err.(*dialError); ok && t.flags&staticDialedConn != 0 {
 			if t.resolve(d) {
-				t.dial(d, t.dest)
+				t.dial(d, t.dest())
 			}
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 func (t *dialTask) needResolve() bool {
-	return t.flags&staticDialedConn != 0 && t.dest.IP() == nil
+	return t.flags&staticDialedConn != 0 && t.dest().IP() == nil
 }
 
 // resolve attempts to find the current endpoint for the destination
@@ -502,29 +511,31 @@ func (t *dialTask) resolve(d *dialScheduler) bool {
 	if t.lastResolved > 0 && time.Duration(d.clock.Now()-t.lastResolved) < t.resolveDelay {
 		return false
 	}
-	resolved := d.resolver.Resolve(t.dest)
+
+	node := t.dest()
+	resolved := d.resolver.Resolve(node)
 	t.lastResolved = d.clock.Now()
 	if resolved == nil {
 		t.resolveDelay *= 2
 		if t.resolveDelay > maxResolveDelay {
 			t.resolveDelay = maxResolveDelay
 		}
-		d.log.Debug("Resolving node failed", "id", t.dest.ID(), "newdelay", t.resolveDelay)
+		d.log.Debug("Resolving node failed", "id", node.ID(), "newdelay", t.resolveDelay)
 		return false
 	}
 	// The node was found.
 	t.resolveDelay = initialResolveDelay
-	t.dest = resolved
-	d.log.Debug("Resolved node", "id", t.dest.ID(), "addr", &net.TCPAddr{IP: t.dest.IP(), Port: t.dest.TCP()})
+	t.destPtr.Store(resolved)
+	d.log.Debug("Resolved node", "id", resolved.ID(), "addr", &net.TCPAddr{IP: resolved.IP(), Port: resolved.TCP()})
 	return true
 }
 
 // dial performs the actual connection attempt.
 func (t *dialTask) dial(d *dialScheduler, dest *enode.Node) error {
 	dialMeter.Mark(1)
-	fd, err := d.dialer.Dial(d.ctx, t.dest)
+	fd, err := d.dialer.Dial(d.ctx, dest)
 	if err != nil {
-		d.log.Trace("Dial error", "id", t.dest.ID(), "addr", nodeAddr(t.dest), "conn", t.flags, "err", cleanupDialErr(err))
+		d.log.Trace("Dial error", "id", dest.ID(), "addr", nodeAddr(dest), "conn", t.flags, "err", cleanupDialErr(err))
 		dialConnectionError.Mark(1)
 		return &dialError{err}
 	}
@@ -532,8 +543,9 @@ func (t *dialTask) dial(d *dialScheduler, dest *enode.Node) error {
 }
 
 func (t *dialTask) String() string {
-	id := t.dest.ID()
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%v %x %v:%d", t.flags, id[:8], t.dest.IP(), t.dest.TCP())
+	node := t.dest()
+	id := node.ID()
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%v %x %v:%d", t.flags, id[:8], node.IP(), node.TCP())
 }
 
 func cleanupDialErr(err error) error {
diff --git a/rpc/http.go b/rpc/http.go
index dd376b1ecd59..f4b99429ef4f 100644
--- a/rpc/http.go
+++ b/rpc/http.go
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ func (hc *httpConn) doRequest(ctx context.Context, msg interface{}) (io.ReadClos
 		if _, err := buf.ReadFrom(resp.Body); err == nil {
 			body = buf.Bytes()
 		}
-
+		resp.Body.Close()
 		return nil, HTTPError{
 			Status:     resp.Status,
 			StatusCode: resp.StatusCode,