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Ray Optics

Law of reflection#

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Law of reflection

Law of refraction#

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e26041b4df204d1c96d652eb9bbb62c9

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1a5acdd8f3454d89a5d9d6261b273edf

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Law of refraction -
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[106]:
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from IPython.display import HTML
-
-HTML("""
-<div id="animation-container"></div>
-<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v6.min.js"></script>
-<script>
-    var svg = d3.select("#animation-container").append("svg")
-        .attr("width", 400)
-        .attr("height", 200);
-
-    var circle = svg.append("circle")
-        .attr("cx", 20)
-        .attr("cy", 100)
-        .attr("r", 20)
-        .style("fill", "steelblue");
-
-    circle.transition()
-        .duration(2000)
-        .attr("cx", 380)
-        .on("end", function() { d3.select(this).style("fill", "tomato"); });
-</script>
-""")
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[106]:
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Refraction on spherical boundary#

Many of the interesting situations of refraction occur on interfaces, which are curved. Lenses, for example, have curved surfaces and the angles of refraction therefore change depending on the position. We can model in the simplest case by a spherical surface or in 2D just by a circular interface. The diagram below shows the definition of such a situation.

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89925adeb55c4ece80adf34ae8bb1f33

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diff --git a/build/html/notebooks/L1/1_ray_optics.ipynb b/build/html/notebooks/L1/1_ray_optics.ipynb index f1f9ddb..92fcf5e 100644 --- a/build/html/notebooks/L1/1_ray_optics.ipynb +++ b/build/html/notebooks/L1/1_ray_optics.ipynb @@ -232,9 +232,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 106, + "execution_count": 109, "id": "a7043a8d-8a5a-4b0a-9ec3-3c61e77665b1", "metadata": { + "nbsphinx": "hidden", "tags": [] }, "outputs": [ @@ -361,7 +362,7 @@ "" ] }, - "execution_count": 106, + "execution_count": 109, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } diff --git a/build/html/notebooks/L1/Lecture1.html b/build/html/notebooks/L1/Lecture1.html index 217b533..6f65672 100644 --- a/build/html/notebooks/L1/Lecture1.html +++ b/build/html/notebooks/L1/Lecture1.html @@ -231,7 +231,7 @@

Geometrical Optics

Law of reflection#

|

-

f0c935fdc8884ff884828292e2311d7f

+

974d29b7a896435cb71142d27076baed

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Ray Optics

Law of reflection#

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Law of refraction#

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Refraction on spherical boundary#

Many of the interesting situations of refraction occur on interfaces, which are curved. Lenses, for example, have curved surfaces and the angles of refraction therefore change depending on the position. We can model in the simplest case by a spherical surface or in 2D just by a circular interface. The diagram below shows the definition of such a situation.

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Geometrical Optics

Law of reflection#

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General Optics": [[15, "1.-General-Optics"]], "Geometrical Optics": [[15, "Geometrical-Optics"]], "Total internal reflection": [[15, "Total-internal-reflection"]], "Guiding light fibers": [[15, "Guiding-light-fibers"]], "Step-index fiber": [[15, "Step-index-fiber"]], "Meridional ray": [[15, "Meridional-ray"]], "Skewed ray": [[15, "Skewed-ray"]], "Numerical aperture": [[15, "Numerical-aperture"]], "Matrix Optics": [[15, "Matrix-Optics"], [15, "id5"]], "For example: Optical cloaking": [[15, "For-example:-Optical-cloaking"]], "Fermat\u2019s Principle": [[15, "Fermat's-Principle"]], "Refraction": [[15, "Refraction"]], "Thin lens": [[15, "Thin-lens"]], "Formulation of Fermat\u2019s principle": [[15, "Formulation-of-Fermat's-principle"]], "Differential form in components": [[15, "Differential-form-in-components"]], "GRIN lens": [[15, "GRIN-lens"]], "What you should know:": [[15, "What-you-should-know:"]], "Mirage effect over a hot street": [[15, "Mirage-effect-over-a-hot-street"]], "{\\bf F = m \\cdot a} optics": [[15, "{\\bf-F-=-m-\\cdot-a}-optics"]], "Corresponding quantities": [[15, "Corresponding-quantities"]], "Ray optics and momentum": [[15, "Ray-optics-and-momentum"]], "Optical Tweezers": [[15, "Optical-Tweezers"]], "Wave Optics": [[15, "Wave-Optics"]], "Gaussian beam": [[15, "Gaussian-beam"]], "Propierties": [[15, "Propierties"]], "Transmission through a lens": [[15, "Transmission-through-a-lens"]], "Higher order Gaussian beams": [[15, "Higher-order-Gaussian-beams"]], "Cylindrical coordinates": [[15, "Cylindrical-coordinates"]], "1.3 Electromagnetic Optics": [[15, "1.3-Electromagnetic-Optics"]], "Dielectric media": [[15, "Dielectric-media"]], "linear media": [[15, "linear-media"]], "nondispersive media": [[15, "nondispersive-media"]], "homogeneous media": [[15, "homogeneous-media"]], "isotropic media": [[15, "isotropic-media"]], "inhomogeneous media": [[15, "inhomogeneous-media"]], "anisotropic media": [[15, "anisotropic-media"]], "dispersive media": [[15, "dispersive-media"]], "nonlinear media": [[15, "nonlinear-media"]], "Linear, nondispersive, homogeneous, isotropic media": [[15, "Linear,-nondispersive,-homogeneous,-isotropic-media"]], "microscopic model of P": [[15, "microscopic-model-of-P"]], "resonant medium": [[15, "resonant-medium"]], "dispersion": [[15, "dispersion"]], "absorption and dispersion": [[15, "absorption-and-dispersion"]], "Kramers\u2013Kronig": [[15, "Kramers\u2013Kronig"]], "1.4 Polarization Optics": [[15, "1.4-Polarization-Optics"]]}, "indexentries": {}}) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/source/notebooks/L1/.ipynb_checkpoints/1_ray_optics-checkpoint.ipynb b/source/notebooks/L1/.ipynb_checkpoints/1_ray_optics-checkpoint.ipynb index f1f9ddb..92fcf5e 100644 --- a/source/notebooks/L1/.ipynb_checkpoints/1_ray_optics-checkpoint.ipynb +++ b/source/notebooks/L1/.ipynb_checkpoints/1_ray_optics-checkpoint.ipynb @@ -232,9 +232,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 106, + "execution_count": 109, "id": "a7043a8d-8a5a-4b0a-9ec3-3c61e77665b1", "metadata": { + "nbsphinx": "hidden", "tags": [] }, "outputs": [ @@ -361,7 +362,7 @@ "" ] }, - "execution_count": 106, + "execution_count": 109, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } diff --git a/source/notebooks/L1/1_ray_optics.ipynb b/source/notebooks/L1/1_ray_optics.ipynb index f1f9ddb..92fcf5e 100644 --- a/source/notebooks/L1/1_ray_optics.ipynb +++ b/source/notebooks/L1/1_ray_optics.ipynb @@ -232,9 +232,10 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 106, + "execution_count": 109, "id": "a7043a8d-8a5a-4b0a-9ec3-3c61e77665b1", "metadata": { + "nbsphinx": "hidden", "tags": [] }, "outputs": [ @@ -361,7 +362,7 @@ "" ] }, - "execution_count": 106, + "execution_count": 109, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" }