diff --git a/src/library.js b/src/library.js
index 607e18e68de0d..72ebd01841b88 100644
--- a/src/library.js
+++ b/src/library.js
@@ -128,7 +128,11 @@ addToLibrary({
     if (keepRuntimeAlive() && !implicit) {
       var msg = `program exited (with status: ${status}), but keepRuntimeAlive() is set (counter=${runtimeKeepaliveCounter}) due to an async operation, so halting execution but not exiting the runtime or preventing further async execution (you can use emscripten_force_exit, if you want to force a true shutdown)`;
 #if MODULARIZE
-      readyPromiseReject(msg);
+      if (!runtimeInitialized) {
+        // If the runtime has not yet been initializated then reject the
+        // ready promise instead of logging the error here.
+        readyPromiseReject(msg);
+      } else
 #endif // MODULARIZE
       err(msg);
     }
diff --git a/src/postamble.js b/src/postamble.js
index c4c25cfb4a8d8..29853bf51fa43 100644
--- a/src/postamble.js
+++ b/src/postamble.js
@@ -163,10 +163,10 @@ function run() {
 
 #if PTHREADS || WASM_WORKERS
   if ({{{ ENVIRONMENT_IS_WORKER_THREAD() }}}) {
+    initRuntime();
 #if MODULARIZE
     readyPromiseResolve(Module);
 #endif
-    initRuntime();
     return;
   }
 #endif
@@ -195,14 +195,14 @@ function run() {
     if (ABORT) return;
 
     initRuntime();
+#if MODULARIZE
+    readyPromiseResolve(Module);
+#endif
 
 #if HAS_MAIN
     preMain();
 #endif
 
-#if MODULARIZE
-    readyPromiseResolve(Module);
-#endif
 #if expectToReceiveOnModule('onRuntimeInitialized')
     Module['onRuntimeInitialized']?.();
 #endif
diff --git a/src/preamble.js b/src/preamble.js
index af274a7ac888f..50c14df482bc3 100644
--- a/src/preamble.js
+++ b/src/preamble.js
@@ -473,11 +473,13 @@ function abort(what) {
   var e = new WebAssembly.RuntimeError(what);
 
 #if MODULARIZE
-  readyPromiseReject(e);
+  if (!runtimeInitialized) {
+    // If the runtime has not yet been initializated then reject the
+    // ready promise instead of thowing the error;
+    readyPromiseReject(e);
+    return;
+  }
 #endif
-  // Throw the error whether or not MODULARIZE is set because abort is used
-  // in code paths apart from instantiation where an exception is expected
-  // to be thrown when abort is called.
   throw e;
 }
 
diff --git a/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size.js.size b/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size.js.size
index 48f4d8dcae999..16401a0f98c99 100644
--- a/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size.js.size
+++ b/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size.js.size
@@ -1 +1 @@
-54928
+54737
diff --git a/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size_no_asserts.js.size b/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size_no_asserts.js.size
index cec4a3ebfe845..2ee9a86dde1d8 100644
--- a/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size_no_asserts.js.size
+++ b/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size_no_asserts.js.size
@@ -1 +1 @@
-30416
+30225
diff --git a/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size_strict.js.size b/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size_strict.js.size
index 5c3cf64221739..da9e77312a85e 100644
--- a/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size_strict.js.size
+++ b/test/other/test_unoptimized_code_size_strict.js.size
@@ -1 +1 @@
-53724
+53533