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letypes.tdl
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;;; Hey, emacs (1), this is -*- mode:tdl; Coding: utf-8; -*-
;;;
;;; Montserrat Marimon, Olga Zamaraeva
;;;
;;; lextypes.tdl: Lexical types for the SRG
native_le := lex-item &
[ TRAITS native_token_list ]
""" We need to add this constraint to most entries in the lexicon,
to be able to filter out generic lexical entries where an entry
already is present in the lexicon. """.
; Reflexionó durante un buen rato sobre qué cajón sacar.
; --- Verbs
basic-verb-lex := lex-item &
[ INFLECTED -,
SYNSEM [ SLSHD -,
PUNCT [ LPUNCT no_punct,
RPUNCT no_punct ],
MODIFIED notmod,
LOCAL [ COORD -,
COORD-STRAT zero,
CAT [ HEAD verb & [ CLIT none,
MOD < >,
TAM #tam,
KEYS.KEY v_event_rel ],
VAL.SPR < > ],
CONT.HOOK.INDEX event & [ E #tam ] ],
NON-LOCAL.REL 0-dlist,
LKEYS.KEYREL event-relation ] ]
""" Supertype for all verbs. """.
basic-aux-verb := basic-verb-lex &
[ SYNSEM [ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD [ AUX +,
KEYS.KEY aux_event_rel & #pred ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.PRED #pred ] ]
""" Supertype for all auxiliary verbs. """.
basic-main-verb := basic-verb-lex &
[ SYNSEM [ LOCAL [ CAT [ MC bool,
HEAD [ AUX -,
KEYS.KEY nonaux_event_rel ] ],
CONT [ HOOK [ LTOP #ltop,
INDEX #index & [ SF iforce ] ],
RELS.LIST < #keyrel & relation, ... > ] ],
LKEYS.KEYREL #keyrel & [ LBL #ltop,
ARG0 #index ] ] ].
norm-pronominal-verb := basic-verb-lex &
[ ALTS.IMPERS -,
SYNSEM.LOCAL [ AGR.PNG #agr,
CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG #agr,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX.PNG #ind,
CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] ] >,
CLTS < clitic-synsem &
[ OPT -,
LOCAL [ AGR.PNG #agr,
CAT.HEAD.CASE rflx,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX.PNG #ind ] ] > ] ] ].
impers-pronominal-verb := basic-verb-lex &
[ ALTS.IMPERS -,
SYNSEM.LOCAL.CAT.VAL.CLTS < clitic-synsem &
[ OPT -,
LOCAL [ CAT.HEAD.CASE none,
AGR.PRONTYPE impers ] ] > ].
main-verb := basic-main-verb &
[ SYNSEM.LOCAL [ AGR #agr,
CAT [ HEAD verb,
VAL [ SUBJ < #subj & [ LOCAL [ AGR #agr,
CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] ] >,
COMPS #comps,
CLTS < > ] ] ],
ARG-ST < #subj . #comps > ].
main-vprn := basic-main-verb & norm-pronominal-verb &
[ SYNSEM.LOCAL.CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < #subj >,
COMPS < #comps >,
CLTS #clt ],
ARG-ST < #subj . < #comps . #clt > > ].
main-vprn-intr := basic-main-verb & norm-pronominal-verb &
[ SYNSEM.LOCAL.CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < #subj >,
COMPS < >,
CLTS #clt ],
ARG-ST < #subj . #clt > ].
main-verb-impers := basic-main-verb &
[ ALTS.IMPERS -,
SYNSEM.LOCAL.CAT.VAL [ COMPS #comps,
CLTS < > ],
ARG-ST #comps ].
; --- 1. Verbal lexical entry types
; --- 1.1. Impersonal verbs
v_impers_synsem := lex-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT [ MC bool,
VAL.SUBJ < > ],
CONT.RELS <! relation !> ] ].
v_impers := basic-main-verb &
[ ALTS [ RCP -,
RFX -,
PASS -,
VCALT - ] ].
; --- 1.1.1. weather predicates
v_impers_strict_intr_synsem := v_impers_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL.COMPS < > ],
CONT.HCONS <! !> ] ]
"""; --- 1.1.1. weather predicates
- llover (to rain), tronar (to thunder),...
""".
v_-_nsbj_lex := v_impers & main-verb-impers & norm-zero-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_strict_intr_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_strict_intr_synsem ] ].
; --- 1.1.2. impersonal verbs taking nominal complements that don't passivize (haber)
trans_impers_synsem := v_impers_synsem & transitive_verb_synsem
"""
; - hacer + SN; e.g. hace calor/frío (it is hot/cold) =>> v_np_npsv-nsbj_lex
; - ser 3sg + PPde; e.g. en Islandia es de noche durante seis meses (Iceland is dark during six months)
; - ser/estar + SN/AP; e.g. es primavera/tarde (it is spring/late), está nublado (it is cloudy)
; - hacerse/ponerse 3sg + PPde; e.g. se hizo/puso de noche (night fell)
; - amanecer (e.g. el día amaneció nublado/amaneció un día espléndido (the sky was cloudy at dawn/it was splendid at dawn)) =>> v_unerg_le
; --- 1.1.2. impersonal verbs taking nominal complements that don't passivize (haber)
; !!! indefinite argument of partitive interpretation: NP with indefinite article (hay un libro/ there is
; a book) Numeral or quantifier of the type of 'alguno' (some) (hay muchos/tres libros; there are
; many/three books), bare plurals (hay libros/ there are books), negative quantifiers (no hay nada/nadie;
; there isn't any/anybody), bare NPs (hay pan/ there is bread), phrases of partitive interpretation with
; 'de' (hay de todo/ there are all sorts of things), relative clauses without antecedent (no hay quien
; pueda con eso/ no one can against that). It does not need the 'a' with animate complements (hay
; algunos profesores/ there are some teachers)
; !!! hay 4 metros desde la mesa hasta la TV, hay bastante/suficiente con esto (there are four meters
; from the table to the TV, it is enough with this)
""".
v_impers_np_ntr_synsem := trans_impers_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL np_acc_unmrkd_local &
[ CONT.HOOK.INDEX ref-ind & #ind ],
NON-LOCAL.REL 0-dlist & [ LIST < > ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL arg2-ev-relation & [ ARG2 #ind ] ].
v_np_npsv-nsbj_lex := v_impers & main-verb-impers & basic-one-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_np_ntr_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_np_ntr_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] > ] ] ].
; --- 1.1.3. impersonal verbs taking finite completive clauses (parecer, resultar, semejar, poder)
v_impers_cp_prop_fin_synsem := v_impers_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL s_or_cp_fin_local &
[ CONT.HOOK.LTOP #larg ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! qeq & [ HARG #harg,
LARG #larg ] !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL arg2-ev-relation & [ ARG2 #harg ] ]
"""; --- 1.1.3. impersonal verbs taking finite completive clauses (parecer, resultar, semejar, poder)
; They also show a raising structure (e.g. parece que Juan trabaja mucho -> Juan parece trabajar mucho
; (it seems that John works a lot -> John seems to work a lot))
""".
v_cp_p-ind-nsbj_lex := v_impers & main-verb-impers & basic-one-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_cp_prop_fin_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_cp_prop_fin_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD ind ] > ] ] ]
"""; a)- taking indicative (parecer, resultar, semejar)
; e.g.- parece que Juan trabaja mucho -> Juan parece trabajar mucho
; (it seems that John works a lot -> John seems to work a lot)
; - resultó que Juan fue el ganador -> Juan resultó ser el ganador (only with 'ser','estar' (to be)
; and 'tener' (to have))(it turned out that John was the winner -> John turned out to be the winner)
; - semejaba que la curva continuaba -> la curva semejaba continuar (it seemed that the curve
; continued -> the curve seemed to continue)
""".
v_cp_p-sub-nsbj_lex := v_impers & main-verb-impers & basic-one-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_cp_prop_fin_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_cp_prop_fin_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD sub ] > ] ] ]
"""
; b)- taking subjunctive (poder)
; e.g. puede que mañana llueva -> mañana puede llover (it may be that tomorrow rains -> it may rain tomorrow)
""".
; --- 1.1.4. other impersonal contructions
v_impers_cp_p_inf_synsem := v_impers_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL mrkd_cp_prop_inf_local &
[ CAT [ MC -,
HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ckey & _que_p_sel_rel ],
CONT.HOOK [ LTOP #larg,
INDEX.SF prop ] ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! qeq & [ HARG #harg,
LARG #larg ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg2-ev-relation & [ ARG2 #harg ] ,
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ]
"""
; --- 1.1.4. other impersonal contructions
; --- "haber que + inf" (hay que trabajar más) ("it is necessary to + inf" (it is necessary to work more))
""".
v_cp_p-inf-nsbj_lex := v_impers & main-verb-impers & basic-one-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_cp_p_inf_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_cp_p_inf_synsem ] ].
v_impers_pron_intr_mrkd_np_synsem := v_impers_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL mrkd_np_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ckey,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #ind2 ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg2-ev-relation & [ ARG2 #ind2 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ]
"""
; --- tratarse (to be about)
; (e.g. se trata de un goleador nato (it is about (it is about a born goal scorer))
""".
v_pp_e-nsbj-prn_lex := v_impers & impers-pronominal-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_pron_intr_mrkd_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_pron_intr_mrkd_np_synsem,
VAL [ COMPS < #comps & [ OPT - ] >,
CLTS #clt ] ] ],
ARG-ST < #comps . #clt > ].
v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem := v_impers_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL [ COMPS < [ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ckey & _con_p_sel_rel ] >,
CLTS < > ] ] ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg2-ev-relation,
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ]
"""
; --- sobrar, bastar (to be enough)
""".
v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop := v_impers &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.COMPS #comps ],
ARG-ST #comps ].
v_impers_intr_mrkd_np_synsem := v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL mrkd_np_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.ALTKEY non_temp_nonpro_rel,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #arg2 & ref-ind ] ] >,
CONT.HCONS <! !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.ARG2 #arg2 ]
"""
; e.g. sobra/basta con 100 ptas (it is more than enough with 100 ptas)
""".
v_pp_e-nsbj_lex := v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop & basic-one-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_intr_mrkd_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_intr_mrkd_np_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT - ] > ] ] ].
v_impers_intr_mrkd_cp_fin_synsem := v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL mrkd_cp_prop_fin_local &
[ CONT.HOOK [ LTOP #larg,
INDEX.SF prop ] ] ] >,
CONT.HCONS <! qeq & [ HARG #harg,
LARG #larg ] !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.ARG2 #harg ]
"""; e.g. sobra/basta con que vengas (it is more than enough that you come)
""".
v_pp_e-cp-p-nsbj_lex := v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop & basic-one-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_intr_mrkd_cp_fin_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_intr_mrkd_cp_fin_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT - ] > ] ] ].
v_impers_intr_mrkd_vp_inf_synsem := v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL mrkd_cp_prop_inf_local &
[ CAT.MC -,
CONT.HOOK [ LTOP #larg,
INDEX.SF prop ] ] ] >,
CONT.HCONS <! qeq & [ HARG #harg,
LARG #larg ] !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.ARG2 #harg ]
"""; e.g. sobra/basta con verte (it is more than enough seeing you)
""".
v_pp_e-vp-nsbj_lex := v_impers_intr_mrkd_np-or-prop & basic-one-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_intr_mrkd_vp_inf_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_intr_mrkd_vp_inf_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT - ] > ] ] ].
v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem := v_impers_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL [ COMPS < [ LOCAL dative_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ockey,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #arg3 ] ],
[ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ckey & _con_p_sel_rel ] >,
CLTS < > ] ] ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg23-ev-relation &
[ ARG3 #arg3 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey,
--OCOMPKEY #ockey ] ]
"""; --- sobrar, bastar (to be enough)
""".
v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop := v_impers &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.COMPS #comps ],
ARG-ST #comps ].
v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np_synsem := v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.COMPS < synsem,
[ LOCAL mrkd_np_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.ALTKEY non_temp_nonpro_rel,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #arg2 & ref-ind ] ] >,
CONT.HCONS <! !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.ARG2 #arg2 ]
"""; e.g. me sobra/basta con 100 ptas (for me it is more than enough with 100 ptas)
""".
v_ppa-pp_e-nsbj_lex := v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop & basic-two-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT - ], [ OPT - ] > ] ] ].
v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_cp_fin_synsem := v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.COMPS < synsem,
[ LOCAL mrkd_cp_prop_fin_local &
[ CONT.HOOK [ LTOP #larg,
INDEX.SF prop ] ] ] >,
CONT.HCONS <! qeq & [ HARG #harg,
LARG #larg ] !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.ARG2 #harg ]
"""; e.g. me sobra/basta con que vengas (for me it is more than enough that you come)
""".
v_ppa-pp_e-cp-p-nsbj_lex := v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop & basic-two-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_cp_fin_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_cp_fin_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT - ], [ OPT - ] > ] ] ].
v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_vp_inf_synsem := v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.COMPS < synsem,
[ LOCAL mrkd_cp_prop_inf_local &
[ CAT.MC -,
CONT.HOOK [ LTOP #larg,
INDEX.SF prop ] ] ] >,
CONT.HCONS <! qeq & [ HARG #harg,
LARG #larg ] !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.ARG2 #harg ]
"""; e.g. me sobra/basta con verte (for me it is more than enough seeing you)
""".
v_ppa-pp_e-vp-nsbj_lex := v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_np-or-prop & basic-two-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_vp_inf_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_impers_intr_io_mrkd_vp_inf_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT - ], [ OPT - ] > ] ] ]
"""
; se me hace tarde (it gets late),
; me duele en este brazo (this arm hurts), me pica en el brazo (my arm itches)
; nos dio por reír (we started to laugh), no me da tiempo (I don't have enough time),
; (aquí) huele (muy bien/a quemado/a comida) (it smells very good/ burnt/ of food (in here))
; (aquí) sobra/falta dinero (there is more than enough/ there is some money missing (here))
; aquí pone que se prohíbe fumar (here it says that smoking is not allowed)
; oler a pan (to smell of bread), saber a pan (to taste like bread), perception verbs (taking compl DIV +)
""".
; --- 1.2. Verbs taking verbal subjects
verbal-subj-synsem := lex-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ MC bool,
VAL.SUBJ < [ OPT -,
LOCAL [ COORD -,
CAT.VAL.COMPS < >,
CONT.HOOK.LTOP #xarg ] ] > ],
CONT [ HOOK.XARG #xarg,
HCONS.LIST < [ LARG #xarg ],... > ] ] ]
"""
; --- 1.2. Verbs taking verbal subjects
""".
trans_vinf-subj-synsem := vinf-subj-synsem & transitive_verb_synsem.
vinf-subj-synsem := verbal-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.SUBJ < [ LOCAL vp_inf_local ] >,
CONT.HCONS.LIST < [ HARG #harg ],... > ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.ARG1 #harg ].
vfin-subj-synsem := verbal-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.SUBJ < [ LOCAL s_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.VFORM fin ] ] >,
CONT.RELS <! relation !> ] ].
vfin-subj-main-verb := basic-main-verb &
[ ALTS [ PASS -,
IMPERS -,
RCP -,
RFX - ],
SYNSEM vfin-subj-synsem ].
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_unacc_synsem := vfin-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local ] >,
COMPS < > ] ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg ] !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL arg2-ev-relation &
[ ARG2 #harg ] ]
"""
; --- 1.2.1. Unaccusative verbs taking finite verbs as subjects
; The subject appears in post-verbal position. Occasionally, a locative complement, with literal meaning
; (aparecer (to appear), figurar (to say), quedar (to stay)) or figurative meaning (desprenderse
; (to follow)). The finite verb does not alternate with an infinitive; however, it alternates with a NP,
; though it cannot be a physical entity (of first order) with 'desprenderse' (to follow). With NP subjects,
; 'aparecer' (to appear) y 'quedar' and 'quedar' (to stay) can take an optional IO.
; canvio INV + a INV -
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_unacc := vfin-subj-main-verb &
[ ALTS.VCALT - ].
v_-_sbj-cp-p_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_unacc & main-verb & basic-one-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_unacc_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_unacc_synsem ] ]
"""; e.g. no figura en el contrato que el acuerdo es/sea irreversible (it does not appear in the
; contract that the agreement is irreversible)
""".
v_-_sbj-cp-p-prn_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_unacc & impers-pronominal-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_unacc_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_unacc_synsem,
VAL [ SUBJ < #subj >,
CLTS #clt ] ] ],
ARG-ST < #subj . #clt > ]
"""; e.g. de ahí no se desprende que la situación sea/es imposible (from there it does not follow that the
; situation is impossible)
""".
#|
v_subj_cp_prop_intr_io_synsem := verbal-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL [ COMPS < [ LOCAL dative_local &
[ CAT.HEAD [ CASE dat,
KEYS.KEY #ckey ],
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #arg2 ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg12-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg,
ARG2 #arg2 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ].
v_subj_cp_prop_inf_io_synsem := v_subj_cp_prop_intr_io_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.SUBJ < [ LOCAL vp_inf_local ] >,
CONT.HCONS.LIST < [ HARG #harg ],... > ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.ARG1 #harg ].
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_io*_synsem := v_subj_cp_prop_intr_io_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.SUBJ < [ LOCAL s_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.VFORM fin ] ] >,
CONT.RELS <! relation !> ] ]
"""; --- 1.2.2. Intransitive verbs taking Vfin subjects and IO
; clitization/clitic doubling obligatory, that's why we specify the COMPS to be OPT -
""".
|#
v_subj_cp_prop_inf_io_synsem := vinf-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL vp_inf_local ] >,
COMPS < [ LOCAL dative_local &
[ CAT.HEAD [ CASE dat,
KEYS.KEY #ckey,
PRD non-prd ],
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #arg2 ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg12-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg,
ARG2 #arg2 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ].
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_io*_synsem := vfin-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local ] >,
COMPS < expressed-synsem &
[ LOCAL dative_local &
[ CAT.HEAD [ CASE dat,
KEYS.KEY #ckey,
PRD non-prd ],
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #arg2 ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg12-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg,
ARG2 #arg2 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ].
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr := vfin-subj-main-verb.
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_io*_synsem := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_io*_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.INV - ]
"""; a)- event verbs (acaecer, acontecer, ocurrir, pasar, presentarse, sobrevenir, suceder (to happen, to occur, ...))
; The subject must be postponed. The IO appears occasionally. The clause does not alternate with a VPinf.
; Indicative/subjunctive alternate depending on whether the content is asserted or not (except for 'ocurrir'
; (to occur), which can alternate always). The clause can only take the determiner if the IO is present.
; The clause alternates with an entity of second order.
; canvio INV + a INV -
""".
v_ppa*_sbj-cp-p_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr & main-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT -,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_io*_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_io*_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT +,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] > ] ] ]
"""; e.g. ocurrir ((le) ocurre que no hizo lo que le habían pedido ((to occur) it occurs that s/he didn't do what s/he was asked))
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_inf_or_fin_io*_synsem := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_io*_synsem
"""; b)- "incumbencia" verbs (atañer (to concern), bastar (to be enough), caber (to fit), constar, convenir
; (to agree), faltar (to be missing), importar (to matter), parecer (to seem),...)
; The clause can alternate with abstract or eventive nouns ('caber' (to suit) is the only one that can
; alternate with a first order entity). The clause can only take the determiner if the IO is present.
; The subject can be pre/postposed. The presence of the IO is occasional. All verbs, except 'constar',
; take only the subjunctive mood. The clause alternates with a VPinf and when the IO is present, it is
; interpreted as the subject of the infinitive, when it is not, the construction has a generic
; interpretation. "parecer" (to seem) demands the OI when it is constructed with a subject VPinf.
""".
v_ppa*_sbj-cp-p-sub-cv_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr & main-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_inf_or_fin_io*_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_inf_or_fin_io*_synsem,
VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD sub ] >,
COMPS < [ OPT +,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] > ] ] ] ]
"""
; e.g. bastar (no (me) basta que me quieras/que me quieras no (me) basta)
; (to be enough (it is not enough (for me) that you love me/that you love me is not enough (for me))
""".
v_ppa*_sbj-cp-p-cv_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr & main-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_inf_or_fin_io*_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_inf_or_fin_io*_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT +,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] > ] ] ]
"""
; e.g. constar ((me) consta que estuvo aquí/no consta que supiese el día de su muerte hasta ese día)
; (to be certain ((for me) it is certain that s/he was here/ it is not certain that s/he knew the day of
; his/her death till that day)
; - with "parecer" the IO is obligatory when it takes a VPinf subject
; => removed
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_sub_io*_synsem := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_io*_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.SUBJ < [ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD sub ] > ]
"""; c)- Psychological verbs (admirar, agobiar, alegrar, apetecer, asombrar, asustar,... (to admire,
; to overwhelm, to make happy, to long for, to surprise, to scare,...))
; The clause can take the determiner. The subject can be preposed or postposed. The IO is common (but not
; always obligatory). They do not accept the indicative mood. The clause alternates with VPinf only
; when the IO is interpreted as the subject of the infinitive, and with an animate or inanimate NP.
""".
v_ppa*_sbj-cp-p-sub_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr & main-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_sub_io*_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_sub_io*_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] > ] ] ]
"""; e.g. gustar (no *(me) gusta que a los toros te pongas la minifalda)
""".
v_ppa*_sbj-cp-p-sub-prn_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr & impers-pronominal-verb & basic-three-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_sub_io*_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_sub_io*_synsem,
VAL [ SUBJ < #subj >,
COMPS < #comps & [ OPT +,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] >,
CLTS #clt ] ] ],
ARG-ST < #subj . < #comps . #clt > > ]
"""; e.g. antojarse (to fancy)
""".
; --- 1.2.3. Intransitive verbs taking Vfin subject and marked NP
v_subj_cp_prop_inf_intr_mrkd_np_synsem := vinf-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL mrkd_np_local &
[ CAT.HEAD [ KEYS.KEY #ckey,
PRD non-prd ],
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #ind2 ] ] >,
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg12-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg,
ARG2 #ind2 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ]
"""; --- 1.2.3. Intransitive verbs taking Vfin subject and marked NP
; Always in the subjunctive mood and it can alternate with a (non-controlled) VPinf. The unmarked order
; is SVC. The subject must take the determiner when nothing is intercalated between the latter and the verb.
; (e.g. (el) que las clases sean malas repercute en los alumnos/repercute en los alumnos (el) que las
; clases sean malas/en los alumnos repercute *(el) que las clases sean malas (the fact that classes are
; bad has repercussions on the students/It has repercussions on the students the fact that classes are
; bad/on the students has repercusions the fact that classes are bad))
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_mrkd_np_synsem := vfin-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD sub ] ] >,
COMPS < [ LOCAL mrkd_np_local &
[ CAT.HEAD [ KEYS.KEY #ckey,
PRD non-prd ],
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #ind2 ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg12-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg,
ARG2 #ind2 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ].
v_pp_e-sbj-cp-p-sub_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr & main-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_mrkd_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_mrkd_np_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] > ] ] ]
"""
; e.g. (el) que las clases sean malas repercute en los alumnos (the fact that classes are bad has
; repercussions on the students)
""".
v_pp_e-sbj-cp-p-sub-prn_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr & impers-pronominal-verb & basic-three-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_mrkd_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_mrkd_np_synsem,
VAL [ SUBJ < #subj >,
COMPS < #comps & [ OPT -,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] >,
CLTS #clt ] ] ],
ARG-ST < #subj . < #comps . #clt > > ]
"""; e.g. traducirse en (be translated into)
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_inf_intr_io*_mrkd_np_synsem := vinf-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL dative_local & [ CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] ],
[ LOCAL mrkd_np_local & [ CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] ] > ]
"""
; --- 1.2.4. Intransitive verbs taking Vfin subject, IO and marked NP
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_io*_mrkd_np_synsem := vfin-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD sub ] ] >,
COMPS < [ LOCAL dative_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ockey,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #ind3 ] ],
[ LOCAL mrkd_np_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ckey,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #ind2 ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg123-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg,
ARG2 #ind2,
ARG3 #ind3 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey,
--OCOMPKEY #ockey ] ].
v_ppa*-pp_e-sbj-cp-p-sub_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr & main-verb & basic-three-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_io*_mrkd_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_intr_io*_mrkd_np_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT + ], [ OPT - ] > ] ] ]
"""; e.g. de nada le sirve luchar/que luchen
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_inf_trans_np_synsem := trans_vinf-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL np_acc_local & [ CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] ],... > ].
; --- Transitive verbs taking Vfin
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_synsem := vfin-subj-synsem & transitive_verb_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD sub ] ] >,
COMPS < [ LOCAL [ CAT.HEAD [ KEYS.KEY #ckey,
PRD non-prd ],
CONT.HOOK.INDEX ref-ind & #ind ],
NON-LOCAL.REL 0-dlist & [ LIST < > ] ],... > ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg12-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg,
ARG2 #ind ],
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ]
"""; --- Transitive verbs taking Vfin
; A determiner can be added to the subject. The subject alternates with the neutral pronoun and with
; abstract nouns. The majority accept a person as subject. The clause is always in the subjunctive mood.
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_trans_np := vfin-subj-main-verb &
[ ALTS.VCALT + ].
; --- 1.2.4. Transitive verbs taking Vfin subject and DO
v_np_sbj-cp-p-sub_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_trans_np & main-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL np_acc_local & [ CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] ] > ] ] ]
"""
; --- 1.2.4. Transitive verbs taking Vfin subject and DO
; a)- Implicative and evidencial verbs (e.g. implicar, evidenciar, denotar, destacar,... (to imply,
; to evidence, to denote, to highlight,...))
; - Do not accept a person as subject: acarrear, conllevar, denotar, entrañar, evidenciar, implicar,
; reflejar, simbolizar y suponer (to entail, to bring about, to mean, to involve, to reveal, to imply, to
; reflect, to simbolize and to suppose).
; - The clause alternates with a non-controlled VPinf.
; - The majority have an abstract entity as a DO and some accept a person as object.
; - The IO always appears under the clitic (denotar, evidenciar, excluir, implicar, ratificar, significar,..
; (to denote, to evidence, to exclude, to imply, to ratify, to signify,...) cannot take the clitic)
; - Order: SVC. If the order is reversed, 'el (hecho de)' (the fact that) must appear.
; - The DO can be expressed under the form of a subordinate noun clause with verbs like: significar,
; suponer, equivaler,... (to signify, to suppose, to be equivalent to) (cf. v_subj_cp_prop_trans_cp_prop_le)
; e.g.que el poder político se descomponga no significa necesariamente una decadencia (the fact that the
; political power decays does not mean necessarily a decadence)
""".
v_np_sbj-cp-p-sub-idm_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_trans_np & main-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL np_acc_local ] > ] ] ]
"""; b)- support verbs (e.g. dar pena, hacer falta, tener gracia,...)(to grieve, to be needed, to have charm)
; The NP appears as a DO which generally does not take a determiner, but may take intensifiers,
; its inmediately postverbal position is fixed and the subject is likely to occupy the final position.
; In some cases the presence of a dative expected or implied (e.g. dar asco, lástima (to be disgusting,
; to grieve)). With some others it is possible (e.g. hacer falta, ilusión (to be needed, to be looking
; forward to something) but with others it is impossible (e.g. tener gracia, pena, rabia / to have charm,
; pitty, to make furious))
""".
; --- 1.2.5. Transitive verbs taking Vfin subject, DO and marked NP
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_mrkd_np_synsem := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL np_acc_local & [ CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ] ],
[ LOCAL mrkd_np_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ockey,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #ind3 ] ] >,
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg123-ev-relation &
[ ARG3 #ind3 ],
--OCOMPKEY #ockey ] ]
"""
; --- 1.2.5. Transitive verbs taking Vfin subject, DO and marked NP
; The clause alternates with a VPinf controlled by the DO (e.g. trabajar la obliga a madrugar (working
; obliges her to get up early). The DO cannot be sentential. The prepositional complement can be optional
; and can be substituted by a clitic dative when it's human and is introduced by "a"
; (cf. v_subj_cp_prop_ditrans*_le)
""".
v_np-pp_e-sbj-cp-p-sub_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_trans_np & main-verb & basic-three-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_mrkd_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_mrkd_np_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL.CAT.HEAD.PRD non-prd ], [ OPT - ] > ] ] ]
"""; e.g. (el) que su partido haya perdido las elecciones lo apartará del poder
""".
; --- 1.2.6. Ditransitive verbs taking Vfin subject
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_ditrans_synsem := v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_np_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL np_acc_unmrkd_local ],
[ LOCAL dative_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ockey,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #ind3 ] ] >,
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg123-ev-relation &
[ ARG3 #ind3 ],
--OCOMPKEY #ockey ] ]
"""; --- 1.2.6. Ditransitive verbs taking Vfin subject
; The clause alternates with a VPinf controlled by the IO (e.g. tener que aguantar los embotellamientos
; te estropea el día (having to put up with traffic jams spoils your day))
""".
v_np-ppa*_sbj-cp-p-sub_lex := v_subj_cp_prop_trans_np & main-verb & basic-three-arg &
[ SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_ditrans_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_ditrans_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT - ], [ OPT + ] > ] ] ]
"""; e.g. El que haya dicho esto le acarrea muchos problemas (a María) (the fact that he had
; said this causes many troubles (to María))
""".
; --- 1.2.7. Transitive verbs taking sentential subjects and finite completive clauses
v_subj_cp_prop_inf_trans_cp_prop_fin_synsem := trans_vinf-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local ] > ]
"""; --- 1.2.7. Transitive verbs taking sentential subjects and finite completive clauses
; The subject must precede the main verb
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_cp_prop_fin_synsem := vfin-subj-synsem & transitive_verb_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD sub ] ] >,
COMPS < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ckey,
CONT.HOOK.LTOP #larg2 ] ] > ] ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg1 ],
[ HARG #harg2, LARG #larg2 ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg12-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg1,
ARG2 #harg2 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey ] ].
v_cp_p-sbj-cp-p-sub_lex := vfin-subj-main-verb & main-verb & basic-two-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_cp_prop_fin_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_trans_cp_prop_fin_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT - ] > ] ] ]
"""; e.g. que te haya aprobado no significa que no tengas que venir a clase (the fact that s/he has
; approved you/given you a passing grade doesn`t mean that you don't have to come to classes)
""".
; --- 1.2.8. Ditransitive verbs taking sentential subjects, IO and finite completive clauses
v_subj_cp_prop_inf_ditrans_cp_prop_fin_synsem := trans_vinf-subj-synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT.VAL.COMPS < [ LOCAL dative_local ], [ LOCAL cp_fin_local ] > ]
"""; --- 1.2.8. Ditransitive verbs taking sentential subjects, IO and finite completive clauses
""".
v_subj_cp_prop_fin_ditrans_cp_prop_fin_synsem := vfin-subj-synsem & transitive_verb_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL cp_fin_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.TAM.MOOD sub ] ] >,
COMPS < [ LOCAL dative_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ckey ,
CONT.HOOK.INDEX #ind3 ] ],
[ LOCAL cp_fin_local &
[ CAT.HEAD.KEYS.KEY #ockey,
CONT.HOOK.LTOP #larg2 ] ] > ],
CONT.HCONS <! [ HARG #harg1 ],
[ HARG #harg2, LARG #larg2 ] !> ],
LKEYS [ KEYREL arg123-ev-relation &
[ ARG1 #harg1,
ARG2 #harg2,
ARG3 #ind3 ],
--COMPKEY #ckey,
--OCOMPKEY #ockey ] ].
v_ppa*-cp_p-sbj-cp-p-sub_lex := vfin-subj-main-verb & main-verb & basic-three-arg &
[ ALTS.VCALT +,
SYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_ditrans_cp_prop_fin_synsem &
[ LOCAL.CAT [ HEAD.LSYNSEM v_subj_cp_prop_fin_ditrans_cp_prop_fin_synsem,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT + ], [ OPT - ] > ] ] ]
"""; e.g. oír música no (te) impide trabajar/que trabajes (listening to music doesn't prevents you from working)
""".
; --- 1.2.9. Attributive structures
; --- 1.2.9.1. Copula verbs
v_cop_verbal_subject_synsem := v_copula_basic_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT.VAL.SUBJ < [ OPT -,
LOCAL v_local &
[ COORD -,
CAT.VAL [ COMPS < >,
CLTS < > ],
CONT.HOOK.INDEX.SF prop ],
NON-LOCAL [ SLASH 0-dlist & [ LIST < > ],
REL 0-dlist & [ LIST < > ],
QUE 0-dlist & [ LIST < > ] ] ] > ] ]
"""
; --- 1.2.9. Attributive structures
; (ser & estar (to be), parecer (to seem), quedar (to stay),
; resultar (to result) y aparecer (to appear))
; The unmarked order is VCS, but SVC and CVS are also possible.
; The mode of the clause depends on the attribute. The attributes that combine with the indicative mood
; do not admit a VPinf subject, as neither do the attributes VPinf. If there is a dative correferent with
; the subject of the subordinate clause, the latter tends to take a non-flexionate form (VPinf).
; !!! sentential subjects with null verbs (e.g. ¡(Es) Lástima que no hayas ganado! ¡Qué pena (es)
; que no vengas!)
; --- 1.2.9.1. Copula verbs
""".
v_ap_cop_verbal_subject_synsem := v_cop_verbal_subject_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT [ HEAD.TAM #tam,
VAL [ COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL prd_local &
[ CAT.HEAD adj &
[ TAM #tam,
MOD < [ LOCAL intersective-mod ] > ],
CONT [ HOOK [ LTOP #larg,
INDEX #index,
XARG #arg1 ] ] ] ] >,
SUBJ < [ LOCAL.CONT.HOOK.INDEX #arg1 ] > ] ],
CONT [ HOOK [ INDEX #index,
XARG #xarg ],
HCONS <! [ LARG #larg, HARG #xarg ] !>,
RELS <! !> ] ] ].
v_ppart_cop_verbal_subject_synsem := v_cop_verbal_subject_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT [ HEAD.TAM #tam,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL [ CAT [ HEAD adj &
[ TAM #tam ],
VAL.SUBJ < > ],
CONT.HOOK [ LTOP #larg,
INDEX #index ] ] ] > ],
CONT [ HOOK.INDEX #index,
HCONS <! [ LARG #larg ] !>,
RELS <! !> ] ] ].
v_pp_e_cop_verbal_subject_synsem := v_cop_verbal_subject_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT [ HEAD.TAM #tam,
VAL.COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL prd_local &
[ CAT.HEAD [ TAM #tam,
KEYS [ KEY _de_p_rel,
ALTKEY non_modable_rel ] ],
CONT.HOOK [ LTOP #larg,
INDEX #index,
XARG #xarg ] ] ] > ],
CONT [ HOOK.INDEX #index,
HCONS <! [ LARG #larg, HARG #xarg ] !>,
RELS <! !> ] ] ].
v_adv_verbal_subject_synsem := v_cop_verbal_subject_synsem &
[ LOCAL [ CAT.VAL [ SUBJ < [ LOCAL.CONT.HOOK.LTOP #larg ] >,
COMPS < [ OPT -,
LOCAL [ COORD -,
CAT.HEAD adv & [ MOD < [ LOCAL.CAT.HEAD verb ] > ],
CONT [ HOOK.LTOP #ltop,
RELS.LIST < [ ARG1 #xarg ], ... > ] ] ] > ],
CONT [ HOOK.LTOP #ltop,
HCONS <! [ LARG #larg , HARG #xarg ] !>,
RELS <! arg2-ev-relation &
[ ARG2 #xarg ] !> ] ] ].
v_cop-id_verbal_subject_synsem := lex-synsem &
[ LOCAL [ AGR.PNG.PN 3sg,
CAT [ HEAD.INV -,
VAL [ SUBJ < [ OPT -,
LOCAL [ COORD -,
CAT.VAL.CLTS < > ],
NON-LOCAL [ SLASH 0-dlist & [ LIST < > ],
REL 0-dlist & [ LIST < > ],
QUE 0-dlist & [ LIST < > ] ] ] >,
COMPS < [ OPT - ] > ] ],
CONT.RELS <! arg12-ev-relation !> ],
LKEYS.KEYREL.PRED _be_v_id_rel ]
"""; a)- 'ser': if there is a finite clause, it accepts adjectives, NPs, the adverb "así" (like this),
; and "de + VPinf" (or an equivalent adjective ending in -ble); with subject VPinf it accepts
; NPs, adjectives, "de + NP" and VPinf
""".