This repo manages datahub.io infrastructure as code.

DataHub.io uses a microservices architecture. We use docker for containerisation and Kubernetes for orchestration.

This repo is focused on the orchestration uses Kubernetes. It assumes each service is responsible for its own dockerisation and publication to the container registry i.e. dockerhub.

Boot up the cluster

If cluster does not yet exists follow docs to boot it up

Quickstart

If you want to boot a DataHub instance manually or just play around ...

0. [Prerequisites] Install docker 😄
1. Run a local docker environment with all the tools installed: docker run -it --entrypoint bash -v `pwd`:/ops orihoch/sk8s-ops
2. Authenticate with Google Cloud Platform gcloud auth login

Note: most of the time this will all run automatically, here's how ...

1. Every time a service builds it should update this repo (in some way - how? Ans: By Travis)
2. The travis script here then gets triggered and automatically updates the relevant k8s clusters ... see travis.yml for details.

DevOps team: adding a new service, or updating configuration ...

Interacting with the environment

Prerequisites

• Using Linux / OSX? Use Docker
• Using Windows? Use Google Cloud Shell

Setting up and connecting to the environment

Manage production environments on Google Kubernetes Engine

• Start a bash shell with all required dependencies and the deploy code
  • docker run -it --entrypoint bash -e OPS_REPO_SLUG=datahq/deploy orihoch/sk8s-ops
  • If you want to install locally, see these Dockerfiles: sk8s-ops cloud-sdk-docker
• Authenticate with Google Cloud Platform
  • gcloud auth login

Infrastructure development on Google Kubernetes Engine

• Clone and change directory to the deploy repo
  • git clone https://github.com/datahq/deploy.git
  • cd deploy
• Start a bash shell with all required dependencies and mounted volume to the host deploy code
  • docker run -it --entrypoint bash -v pwd:/ops orihoch/sk8s-ops
• Authenticate with Google Cloud Platform
  • gcloud auth login

Local infrastructure development using Minikube

• Install Minikube according to the instructions in latest release notes
• Create the local minikube cluster
  • minikube start
• Verify you are connected to the cluster
  • kubectl get nodes
• Install helm client
• Initialize helm
  • helm init --history-max 2 --upgrade --wait
• Verify helm version on both client and server
  • helm version
  • should be v1.8.2 or later
• Clone the deploy repo
  • git clone https://github.com/datahq/deploy.git
• Change to the deploy directory
  • cd deploy
• Switch to the minikube environment
  • source switch_environment.sh minikube

Common Tasks

All code assumes you are inside a bash shell with required dependencies and connected ot the relevant environment

Deployment

Deployments are managed using Helm

Initialize the Helm server side component

kubectl create -f rbac-config.yaml
helm init --service-account tiller --upgrade --force-upgrade --history-max 2

Deploy all charts (if dry run succeeds)

./helm_upgrade_all.sh --install --debug --dry-run && ./helm_upgrade_all.sh --install

You can also upgrade a single chart

./helm_upgrade_external_chart.sh  socialmap

The helm_upgrade scripts forward all arguments to the underlying helm upgrade command, some useful arguments:

• For initial installation you should add --install
• Depending on the changes you might need to add --recreate-pods or --force
• For debugging you can also use --debug and --dry-run

Adding an external app

• Duplicate and modify an existing chart under charts-external directory
• Setup the external app's continuous deployment
  • Copy the relevant steps from an existing app's .travis.yml
  • Also, suggested to keep deployment notes in the app's README.md
  • Follow the app's README to setup Docker and GitHub credentials on Travis

Creating a new environment

You can create a new environment by copying an existing environment directory and modifying the values.

See the sk8s environments documentation for more details about environments, namespaces and clusters.

Modifying configuration values

The default values are at values.yaml - these are used in the chart template files (under templates, charts and charts-external directories)

Each environment can override these values using environments/ENVIRONMENT_NAME/values.yaml

Finally, automation scripts write values to values.auto-updated.yaml

Modifying secrets

Secrets are stored and managed directly in kubernetes and are not managed via Helm.

You can modify them manually or automatically

update automatically

• You will need to .env file to be placed in root directory (see .env.template).
• Install dotenv: pip install python-dotenv

# Update secrets for all services
python update_secrets.py update

# Or update secrets for specific servcie
python update_secrets.py update auth

Note: You may need to switch environment before updating switch_environment.sh

Update manually

To update an existing secret, delete it first kubectl delete secret SECRET_NAME

After updating a secret you should update the affected deployments, you can use ./force_update.sh to do that

All secrets should be optional so you can run the environment without any secretes and will use default values similar to dev environments.

Each environment may include a script to create the environment secrets under environments/ENVIRONMENT_NAME/secrets.sh - this file is not committed to Git.

You can use the following snippet in the secrets.sh script to check if secret exists before creating it:

! kubectl describe secret <SECRET_NAME> &&\
  kubectl create secret generic <SECRET_NAME> <CREATE_SECRET_PARAMS>

Deleting pods manually

kubectl get pods
kubectl delete pod <<pod name>>

Note: If pod stuck in deletion (getting recreated by itself) try deleting helm release.

helm list
helm delete --purge <<release name>>

Continuous Deployment

• Enable Travis for the repo (run travis enable from the repo directory)
• Create a .travis.yml file based on existing file and modify according to your requirements

Depending on what you intend to do in your continuous deployment script you may need some of the following:

To connect and run commands on a Google Kubernetes Engine environment:

• Create a Google Compute Cloud service account, download the service account json file
  • set the service account json on the app's travis
• travis encrypt-file environments/datahub-testing/secret-k8s-ops.json environments/datahub-testing/deploy-ops-secret.json.enc --org
• Copy the openssl command output by the above command and modify in the .travis-yml
• The -out param should be -out k8s-ops-secret.json

To push changes to GitHub

• Create a GitHub machine user according to these instructions.
  • Give this user write permissions to the k8s repo.
• Add the GitHub machine user secret key to travis on the app's repo:
  • travis env set --private K8S_OPS_GITHUB_REPO_TOKEN "*****"

To build and push docker images

• travis env set --private DOCKER_USERNAME "***"
• travis env set --private DOCKER_PASSWORD "***" code
  • `docker run -it --entrypoint bash -e OPS_REPO_SLUG=datahq/# The DataHQ Kubernetes Environment

Credits

This approach of infrastructure deployment on kubernetes clusters is heavily based on the https://github.com/OpenBudget/budgetkey-k8s example.

Many thanks to OriHoch for making our lives easier.