bash-shell-tutorial-wildcards.t2t

WIKINAME
<TITLE>
Cai Yuanqing <ckjacket@gmail.com>

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                    = 5. 通配符  =

如果你用过Unix或者任何Linux,通配符对你应该并不陌生。

在shell通配符的作用显然没有必要再做过多的解释，这一章我们仅仅来回顾看看在shell脚本中，通配符是如何使用的，不同的语法又有什么不同的效果，以及在脚本和shell中是否有不同之处？

考虑下如何将/tmp/a目录下的文件都拷贝到/tmp/b目录下，那如果是所有的.txt文件又该怎么做呢？ 所有的.html文件呢？

希望你早已经想到了下面的这几行：
========================================================
```
$ cp /tmp/a/* /tmp/b/
$ cp /tmp/a/*.txt /tmp/b/
$ cp /tmp/a/*.html /tmp/b/
```
========================================================
那么你是否知道不是用//ls /tmp/a//如何列出/tmp/a目录下的文件吗？

也许你回想到//echo /tmp/a/*//，那它和//ls//的输出有什么不同呢？ 我们如何来使用它？

怎样将所有的.txt文件重命名为.bak文件呢？
试试
```
$ mv *.txt *.bak
```
也许这无法达到我们想要的效果吧。
考虑下参数是如何在shell中展开并传给//mv//的，可以使用//echo//来试试，如果你觉得更有效。

我们将在后面的章节进一步学习通配符，它涉及到一些我们现在还没有学习的部分，所以我们可以边学边看:-D


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