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synergistic.tex
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\chapter{Appendix A: Synergistic sensitivity analysis}\label{app:s7_synergistic}
\renewcommand{\thetable}{A.\arabic{table}}
\setcounter{table}{0}
\renewcommand{\thefigure}{A.\arabic{figure}}
\setcounter{figure}{0}
This appendix contains the plots with results for the synergistic
sensitivity analysis of Scenario 7. Any plots shown in Section
\ref{sec:synergistic} are not duplicated here.
Figure \ref{fig:ts_lwr} shows the trends in each of the metrics as a result
of varying the transition start time and the percent of \glspl{LWR}
operating for 80 years. The transition starts later and the percent of
\glspl{LWR} increases all of the metrics decrease, which is consistent
with the results of the \gls{OAT} analysis. Increasing the percent of
\glspl{LWR} has a greater effect than delaying the transition start time,
which is consistent with the \gls{OAT} analysis results.
Additionally, these results show that
the combined effect of varying these parameters together is minimal.
This result is because increasing the number of \glspl{LWR} that
operate for 80 years inherently delays the transition start time
because the \glspl{LWR} continue to supply the power needed and
advanced reactors are not needed until a later time. Therefore, these
results suggest that extending \gls{LWR} lifetimes is a more effective
method than only delaying the transition start time to change the material
requirements of this transition scenario.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_lwr_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:ts_lwr_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_lwr_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:ts_lwr_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_lwr_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_lwr_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_lwr_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_lwr_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and LWR lifetimes.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_lwr_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:ts_lwr_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_lwr_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:ts_lwr_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and LWR lifetimes.}
\label{fig:ts_lwr}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:ts_xe100_share} shows the results of varying the
transition start time and Xe-100 build share on the \gls{HALEU} mass,
\gls{SWU} to produce \gls{HALEU}, waste mass discharged, and feed
to produce \gls{HALEU}. This figure shows that increasing the
Xe-100 build share has a greater impact on the metrics than
changing the transition start time, which is consistent with the
\gls{OAT} results. There is no clear combined effect from varying these
parameters together.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_share_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_share_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_share_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_share_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_share_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_share_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_share_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_share_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and Xe-100 build share.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_share}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:ts_mmr_share} shows the results of varying the
transition start time and the \gls{MMR} build share on all
six of the metrics. The \gls{HALEU}-related metrics and the total
\gls{SWU} capacity show a much stronger effect from the \gls{MMR}
build share than the transition start time. The total fuel mass
and \gls{UNF} mass show an effect from varying both parameters,
but they do not compound on each other (result in a non-linear
trend in the metric).
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_share_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_share_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_share_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_share_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_share_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_share_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_share_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_share_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and MMR build share.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_share_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_share_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_share_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_share_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and MMR build share.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_share}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:ts_voygr_share} shows the effects of varying the
transition start time and the VOYGR build share on all six of the
metrics. Except for the total \gls{SWU} capacity, the metrics
exhibit more impact from the VOYGR build share than the
transition start time. The total \gls{SWU} capacity is impacted more
by the transition start time than the VOYGR build share. This
different trend is because the Xe-100 and VOYGR require similar
\gls{SWU} capacity, so this parameter has almost no impact on
this metric.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_voygr_share_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:ts_voygr_share_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_voygr_share_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:ts_voygr_share_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and VOYGR build share.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_voygr_share_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_voygr_share_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_voygr_share_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_voygr_share_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_voygr_share_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:ts_voygr_share_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_voygr_share_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:ts_voygr_share_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and VOYGR build share.}
\label{fig:ts_voygr_share}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:ts_xe100_bu} shows the effects of varying the
transition start time and the Xe-100 discharge burnup on all six
metrics. These two parameters impact all six of the metrics in
a similar matter: the metrics decrease as the Xe-100 burnup increases
and are not greatly impacted by the transition start time. The
Xe-100 burnup has a more pronounced effect on the metrics because Xe-100s
comprise most of the advanced reactors.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_burnup_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_bu_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_burnup_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_bu_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_bu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_bu_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and Xe-100 burnup.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_bu_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_xe100_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_bu_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and Xe-100 burnup.}
\label{fig:ts_xe100_bu}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:ts_mmr_bu} shows the effects of varying the transition
start time and the \gls{MMR} discharge burnup on all six metrics. All
of the metrics exhibit the same trends as the parameters vary: the
metrics decrease as the transition start time is later and as the
\gls{MMR} burnup increases. The two parameters have impacts on similar
magnitudes, which is in contrast to the impact from the Xe-100 burnup. The
\gls{MMR} burnup has a smaller impact on the metrics because \glspl{MMR}
make up a smaller fraction of the advanced reactor fleet than Xe-100s.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_burnup_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_bu_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_burnup_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_bu_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and MMR burnup.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_bu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_bu_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_bu_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{ts_mmr_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_bu_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
transition start time and MMR burnup.}
\label{fig:ts_mmr_bu}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:lwr_xe100_share} shows the effects of varying the
percent of \glspl{LWR} operating for 80 years and the Xe-100
build share on all six metrics. The trends observed in the \gls{OAT}
can also be observed here, such as how increasing the Xe-100 share
increases the \gls{HALEU} mass required but increasing the
percent of \glspl{LWR} decreases this metric. However, these results
show that there is a combined effect from varying these parameters
together that is not captured in the \gls{OAT} analysis. For
example, the \gls{HALEU} mass (Figure \ref{fig:lwr_xe100_share_haleu})
decreases by a greater fraction
as the percent of \glspl{LWR} and Xe-100 build shares increase than
when only the percent of \glspl{LWR} extended increases. This combined
effect is a result of more of the advanced reactor fleet being fueled
by \gls{HALEU}-fueled reactors. However, these results also show that
the despite this combined effect, not deploying Xe-100s will still
result in a minimum in the \gls{HALEU} mass required. This trend is also
observed in the other \gls{HALEU}-related metrics (Figures \ref{fig:lwr_xe100_share_haleu_swu},
and \ref{fig:lwr_xe100_share_feed}).
The total fuel (Figure \ref{fig:lwr_xe100_share_enr_u}) and used fuel
mass (Figure \ref{fig:lwr_xe100_share_waste}) both exhibit a different trend
than the \gls{HALEU}-related metrics. These two parameters have a similar
effect on these metrics: as the parameter values increase, the metric value
decreases. Therefore, by increasing both of these parameters, there is a
larger effect on the total and used fuel masses than varying each on
separately.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_share_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_share_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_share_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_share_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_share_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_share_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_share_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_share_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and Xe-100 build share.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_share_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_share_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_share_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_share_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and Xe-100 build share.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_share}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:lwr_mmr_share} shows the effects of varying the
percent of \glspl{LWR} operating for 80 years and the \gls{MMR}
build share on all of the metrics. The metrics have the same trends
as the parameters are varied: they increase as the \gls{MMR} build
share increases and as the percent of \glspl{LWR} extended
decreases. Therefore, all six metrics reach a minimum with 50\% of
the \glspl{LWR} operating for 80 years and a 0\% \gls{MMR} build
share.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_share_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_share_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_share_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_share_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and MMR build share.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_share_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_share_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_share_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_share_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_share_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_share_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_share_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_share_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and MMR build share.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_share}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:lwr_voygr_share} shows the effects of varying the
percent of \glspl{LWR} operating for 80 years and the VOYGR build share
on the total \gls{SWU} capacity, \gls{HALEU} \gls{SWU} capacity,
\gls{UNF} mass, and feed mass to produce \gls{HALEU}. The total
\gls{SWU} capacity, \gls{HALEU} \gls{SWU}, and feed mass exhibit the same
trend of decreasing with increased \gls{LWR} percent. The \gls{HALEU}
\gls{SWU} and feed mass decrease with increase VOYGR build share,
while the total \gls{SWU} capacity is constant. The \gls{UNF} mass
also decreases with increasing \gls{LWR} percent, but increases with
the VOYGR build share.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_voygr_share_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_voygr_share_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_voygr_share_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_voygr_share_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_voygr_share_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:lwr_voygr_share_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_voygr_share_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:lwr_voygr_share_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and VOYGR build share.}
\label{fig:lwr_voygr_share}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:lwr_xe100_burnup} shows the effects of varying the
\gls{LWR} lifetime extension percent and the Xe-100 discharge
burnup. All of the output metrics exhibit the same trends as these
parameters are varied, which is consistent with these parameters having
the same effect on the metrics in the the \gls{OAT} analysis. The metrics
decrease with increasing
Xe-100 discharge burnup and increasing number of \glspl{LWR} that
receive lifetime extensions. The effect of the \gls{LWR} lifetime
extensions diminishes as the Xe-100 burnup increases, indicating that
the Xe-100 discharge burnup has a greater influence on the metrics of
this transition. This result is consistent with most of the advanced
reactors deployed in this work being Xe-100s and the global analysis
performed, showing that the Xe-100 discharge burnup consistently had one of
the highest Sobol' indices.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_burnup_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_burnup_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_burnup_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_burnup_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_burnup_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and the Xe-100 discharge burnup}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_burnup_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_xe100_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_burnup_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and the Xe-100 discharge burnup}
\label{fig:lwr_xe100_burnup}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:lwr_mmr_burnup} shows the effects of varying the percent
of \gls{LWR} operating for 80 years and the \gls{MMR} discharge burnup.
Varying these parameters has the same effect on all of the metrics:
increasing these parameters decreases the metrics. The \gls{LWR} lifetime
has a greater effect on the metrics than the \gls{MMR} burnup because
\glspl{MMR} supply a small share of the energy demand, compared with
the other advanced reactors.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_burnup_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_burnup__enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_burnup_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_burnup_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and MMR discharge burnup.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_burnup_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_burnup_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_burnup_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{lwr_mmr_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_burnup_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
LWR lifetimes and MMR discharge burnup.}
\label{fig:lwr_mmr_burnup}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:mmr_share_xe100_burnup} shows the effects from varying
the \gls{MMR} build share and the Xe-100 discharge burnup on the
\gls{HALEU} mass, total \gls{SWU} capacity, \gls{HALEU} \gls{SWU}
capacity, \gls{UNF} mass discharged, and the feed mass to produce \gls{HALEU}.
The effects on each of these metrics are consistent with the effects on
the total enriched uranium mass, presented in Section \ref{sec:synergistic}.
Increasing both of the parameters has contradictory effects. Increasing the
Xe-100 burnup decreases all of the metrics while increasing the \gls{MMR}
build share increases all of the metrics. As the \gls{MMR} build share
increases, the Xe-100 burnup has a smaller impact on the metrics because
fewer of the advanced reactors deployed are Xe-100s.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_xe100_burnup_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_xe100_burnup_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_xe100_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_xe100_burnup_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_xe100_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_xe100_burnup_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
MMR build share and Xe-100 discharge burnup.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_xe100_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_xe100_burnup_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
MMR build share and Xe-100 discharge burnup.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_xe100_burnup}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:mmr_share_mmr_burnup} shows the effects of varying
the \gls{MMR} share and \gls{MMR} burnup on all of the metrics. All of
the metrics exhibit the same trends as each parameter is varied: the
metrics decrease with increasing \gls{MMR} burnup and increase
with increasing \gls{MMR} build share. This trends are a result of
less fuel and materials produce the fuel as the \gls{MMR} burnup increases,
but the \gls{MMR} requiring more materials than Xe-100 to meet the same
energy demand. These two parameters have a
compounding effect, such that as the \gls{MMR} build share increases
the variations in the burnup have a greater impact on the metrics because
\glspl{MMR} comprise more of the advanced reactor fleet. All of the metrics
are at a minimum when the \gls{MMR} build share is 0\%, independent of
the \gls{MMR} burnup. This result is because if there are no \glspl{MMR}
deployed in the transition, then the discharge burnup of the fuel that
goes into these reactors has no effect on the transition.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_mmr_burnup_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_mmr_burnup_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_mmr_burnup_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_mmr_burnup_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
MMR build share and MMR discharge burnup.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_mmr_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_mmr_burnup_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_mmr_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_mmr_burnup_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_mmr_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_mmr_burnup_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{mmr_share_mmr_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_mmr_burnup_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
MMR build share and MMR discharge burnup.}
\label{fig:mmr_share_mmr_burnup}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:xe100_share_xe100_burnup} shows the effects of varying
the Xe-100 build share and Xe-100 discharge burnup on total \gls{SWU}
capacity, \gls{HALEU} \gls{SWU} capacity, \gls{UNF} mass discharged, and
the feed mass to produce \gls{HALEU}. The \gls{UNF} exhibits a different
trend than the other three metrics. As the Xe-100 build share and
burnup increase the \gls{UNF} mass decreases. The other metrics generally
increase with increasing Xe-100 build share and decreasing burnup.
As identified in the \gls{OAT} analysis, the effects in the metrics from
varying the Xe-100 build share is a result of design and material
requirement differences between the Xe-100 and VOYGR. Therefore, the
different trends in each of the metrics as the Xe-100 build share increases
is a result of the difference in the two reactor designs.
In each of
the metrics, the impact of the Xe-100 burnup increases as the
Xe-100 build share increases because Xe-100s comprise more of
the advanced reactor fleet. Additionally, the metrics have a constant value
as a function of Xe-100 burnup when the build share is 0\% because none
of the advanced reactors deployed are Xe-100s.
The \gls{OAT} showed that as the Xe-100 build share increases, the
total \gls{SWU} capacity remained constant for a given burnup because
of the trade-off in enrichment level and mass of fuel between the Xe-100
and VOYGR. The results of the synergistic analysis show that this
metric only remains relatively constant for high burnup values. At
low burnup values (below about 140 MWd/kgU), the Xe-100 requires more
fuel mass than the VOYGR, which means that more \gls{SWU} capacity
is needed to fuel the reactors.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_xe100_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_xe100_burnup_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_xe100_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_xe100_burnup_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_xe100_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_xe100_burnup_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
Xe-100 build share and Xe-100 discharge burnup.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_xe100_burnup}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:xe100_share_mmr_burnup} shows the effects of varying the
Xe-100 build share and the \gls{MMR} burnup on each of the metrics.
The total fuel mass and \gls{UNF} mass decrease with increasing
Xe-100 build share and are affected little by the \gls{MMR} burnup. The
\gls{HALEU} mass, \gls{HALEU} \gls{SWU}, and feed mass to produce
\gls{HALEU} the Xe-100 build share increase with increasing Xe-100
build share and are affected little by the \gls{MMR} burnup. The total
\gls{SWU} capacity decreases with increasing \gls{MMR} burnup and is
affected little by the Xe-100 build share. All of the metrics are only
strongly influenced by one of the parameters varied, which indicates that
these two parameters do not interact. Variations in the Xe-100 build
share primarily impacts the number of Xe-100s and VOYGRs built, as shown
in the \gls{OAT} analysis. Because this parameter does not greatly affect
the number of \glspl{MMR} deployed, these two parameters do not have any
combined effects on the metrics. The total \gls{SWU} capacity is most affected
by the \gls{MMR} burnup because the Xe-100 build share primarily
affects the deployment of Xe-100s and VOYGRs, and these two reactors
require similar \gls{SWU} capacity. Therefore, the changes in fuel
requirements and \gls{SWU} capacity from varying the \gls{MMR} burnup
is greater than the change in the change in \gls{SWU} capacity from
varying the Xe-100 build share.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_mmr_burnup_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_mmr_burnup_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_mmr_burnup_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_mmr_burnup_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_mmr_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_mmr_burnup_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_mmr_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_mmr_burnup_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
Xe-100 build share and MMR discharge burnup}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_mmr_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_mmr_burnup_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{xe100_share_mmr_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:xe100_share_mmr_burnup_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
Xe-100 build share and MMR discharge burnup}
\label{fig:xe100_share_mmr_burnup}
\end{figure}
Figure \ref{fig:voygr_share_mmr_burnup} shows the results of varying the
VOYGR build share and the Xe-100 burnup on all of the metrics. All six
metrics decrease as a function of the Xe-100 burnup. The total fuel
mass and \gls{UNF} generally decrease with the VOYGR build share while
the \gls{HALEU}-related metrics and total \gls{SWU} capacity decrease
with increasing build share. The results indicate that there is interaction
between these two parameters. As the VOYGR build share increases, the number
of Xe-100s deployed decreases. This effect is the opposite of the result of
increasing the Xe-100 build share. Therefore, the VOYGR build share and
Xe-100 burnup interact in opposite ways as the Xe-100 build share and the
Xe-100 burnup. As the VOYGR build share increases, the Xe-100 burnup has less impact on the
metrics. Additionally, as the Xe-100 burnup increases, the VOYGR
build share has less impact on the metrics.
\begin{figure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{voygr_share_xe100_burnup_enr_u.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total fuel mass.}
\label{fig:voygr_share_xe100_burnup_enr_u}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{voygr_share_xe100_burnup_haleu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU mass.}
\label{fig:voygr_share_xe100_burnup_haleu}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{voygr_share_xe100_burnup_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on total SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:voygr_share_xe100_burnup_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{voygr_share_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU SWU capacity.}
\label{fig:voygr_share_xe100_burnup_haleu_swu}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
VOYGR build share and Xe-100 discharge burnup.}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}
\ContinuedFloat
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{voygr_share_xe100_burnup_waste.pdf}
\caption{Effect on waste mass discharged.}
\label{fig:voygr_share_xe100_burnup_waste}
\end{subfigure}
\hfill
\begin{subfigure}[h!]{0.48\textwidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth, trim=120 0 120 30, clip]{voygr_share_xe100_burnup_feed.pdf}
\caption{Effect on HALEU feed.}
\label{fig:voygr_share_xe100_burnup_feed}
\end{subfigure}
\caption{(cont.) Change in metrics resulting from variations in the
VOYGR build share and Xe-100 discharge burnup.}
\label{fig:voygr_share_xe100_burnup}
\end{figure}