diff --git a/doc/opentracks-schema-1.0.xsd b/doc/opentracks-schema-1.0.xsd
index 9b9ed8e36f..89b187fb14 100644
--- a/doc/opentracks-schema-1.0.xsd
+++ b/doc/opentracks-schema-1.0.xsd
@@ -51,4 +51,13 @@
             </xsd:documentation>
         </xsd:annotation>
     </xsd:element>
+    <xsd:element name="typeTranslated"
+        type="xsd:string">
+        <xsd:annotation>
+            <xsd:documentation xml:lang="en">
+                User-defined translation of GPX's <![CDATA[<type>]]>.
+                Only used in GPX.
+            </xsd:documentation>
+        </xsd:annotation>
+    </xsd:element>
 </xsd:schema>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/androidTest/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/ExportImportTest.java b/src/androidTest/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/ExportImportTest.java
index 59464b9afc..7065be17d1 100644
--- a/src/androidTest/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/ExportImportTest.java
+++ b/src/androidTest/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/ExportImportTest.java
@@ -309,10 +309,10 @@ public void kmz_with_trackdetail_and_sensordata() throws TimeoutException, IOExc
         // 1. track
         Track importedTrack = contentProviderUtils.getTrack(importTrackId);
         assertNotNull(importedTrack);
+        assertEquals(track.getActivityType(), importedTrack.getActivityType());
         assertEquals(track.getActivityTypeLocalized(), importedTrack.getActivityTypeLocalized());
         assertEquals(track.getDescription(), importedTrack.getDescription());
         assertEquals(track.getName(), importedTrack.getName());
-        assertEquals(track.getActivityType(), importedTrack.getActivityType());
 
         // 2. trackpoints
         TrackPointAssert a = new TrackPointAssert();
@@ -380,13 +380,11 @@ public void gpx() throws TimeoutException, IOException {
         // 1. track
         Track importedTrack = contentProviderUtils.getTrack(importTrackId);
         assertNotNull(importedTrack);
+        assertEquals(track.getActivityType(), importedTrack.getActivityType());
         assertEquals(track.getActivityTypeLocalized(), importedTrack.getActivityTypeLocalized());
         assertEquals(track.getDescription(), importedTrack.getDescription());
         assertEquals(track.getName(), importedTrack.getName());
 
-        //TODO exporting and importing a track icon is not yet supported by GpxTrackWriter.
-        //assertEquals(track.getIcon(), importedTrack.getIcon());
-
         // 2. trackpoints
         // The GPX exporter does not support exporting TrackPoints without lat/lng.
         // Therefore, the track segmentation is changes.
diff --git a/src/androidTest/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/GPXTrackImporterTest.java b/src/androidTest/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/GPXTrackImporterTest.java
index df1624d2f9..6d7fcc15d0 100644
--- a/src/androidTest/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/GPXTrackImporterTest.java
+++ b/src/androidTest/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/GPXTrackImporterTest.java
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ public void gpx_with_pause_resume() throws IOException {
         // 2. track
         Track importedTrack = contentProviderUtils.getTrack(importTrackId);
         assertNotNull(importedTrack);
+        assertEquals(ActivityType.UNKNOWN, importedTrack.getActivityType());
         assertEquals("the category", importedTrack.getActivityTypeLocalized());
         assertEquals("the description", importedTrack.getDescription());
         assertEquals("2021-01-07 22:51", importedTrack.getName());
diff --git a/src/androidTest/res/raw/gpx_timezone.gpx b/src/androidTest/res/raw/gpx_timezone.gpx
index 23d7548435..a9946060f6 100644
--- a/src/androidTest/res/raw/gpx_timezone.gpx
+++ b/src/androidTest/res/raw/gpx_timezone.gpx
@@ -21,10 +21,11 @@ xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.topografix.com/GPX/1/1 http://www.topografix.com/
 <trk>
 <name><![CDATA[2021-01-07 22:51]]></name>
 <desc><![CDATA[the description]]></desc>
-<type><![CDATA[the category]]></type>
+<type><![CDATA[unknown]]></type>
 <extensions>
 <topografix:color>c0c0c0</topografix:color>
 <opentracks:trackid>7002101e-4198-4613-8c24-544e01ca3981</opentracks:trackid>
+<opentracks:typeTranslated><![CDATA[unknown]]></opentracks:typeTranslated>
 <gpxtrkx:TrackStatsExtension>
 <gpxtrkx:Distance>0.0</gpxtrkx:Distance>
 <gpxtrkx:TimerTime>0</gpxtrkx:TimerTime>
diff --git a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/exporter/GPXTrackExporter.java b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/exporter/GPXTrackExporter.java
index 7a7362a051..535d144862 100644
--- a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/exporter/GPXTrackExporter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/exporter/GPXTrackExporter.java
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ public void writeMarker(ZoneOffset zoneOffset, Marker marker) {
         printWriter.println("<time>" + StringUtils.formatDateTimeIso8601(marker.getTime(), zoneOffset) + "</time>");
         printWriter.println("<name>" + StringUtils.formatCData(marker.getName()) + "</name>");
         printWriter.println("<desc>" + StringUtils.formatCData(marker.getDescription()) + "</desc>");
-        printWriter.println("<type>" + StringUtils.formatCData(marker.getCategory()) + "</type>");
+        printWriter.println("<type>" + StringUtils.formatCData(marker.getCategory()) + "</type>"); //TODO This is localized; may be better to export in English only. See #1608
         printWriter.println("</wpt>");
     }
 
@@ -269,12 +269,16 @@ public void writeBeginTrack(Track track) {
         printWriter.println("<trk>");
         printWriter.println("<name>" + StringUtils.formatCData(track.getName()) + "</name>");
         printWriter.println("<desc>" + StringUtils.formatCData(track.getDescription()) + "</desc>");
-        printWriter.println("<type>" + StringUtils.formatCData(track.getActivityTypeLocalized()) + "</type>");
+        printWriter.println("<type>" + StringUtils.formatCData(track.getActivityType().getId()) + "</type>");
 
         printWriter.println("<extensions>");
         printWriter.println("<topografix:color>c0c0c0</topografix:color>");
         printWriter.println("<opentracks:trackid>" + track.getUuid() + "</opentracks:trackid>");
 
+        if (track.getActivityTypeLocalized() != null || !track.getActivityTypeLocalized().isBlank()) {
+            printWriter.println("<opentracks:typeTranslated>" + StringUtils.formatCData(track.getActivityTypeLocalized()) + "</opentracks:typeTranslated>");
+        }
+
         TrackStatistics trackStatistics = track.getTrackStatistics();
         printWriter.println("<gpxtrkx:TrackStatsExtension>");
         printWriter.println("<gpxtrkx:Distance>" + trackStatistics.getTotalDistance().toM() + "</gpxtrkx:Distance>");
diff --git a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/exporter/KMLTrackExporter.java b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/exporter/KMLTrackExporter.java
index b9264ee623..b76dd33052 100644
--- a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/exporter/KMLTrackExporter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/exporter/KMLTrackExporter.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 import de.dennisguse.opentracks.R;
 import de.dennisguse.opentracks.data.ContentProviderUtils;
 import de.dennisguse.opentracks.data.TrackPointIterator;
+import de.dennisguse.opentracks.data.models.ActivityType;
 import de.dennisguse.opentracks.data.models.Marker;
 import de.dennisguse.opentracks.data.models.Track;
 import de.dennisguse.opentracks.data.models.TrackPoint;
@@ -59,7 +60,8 @@ public class KMLTrackExporter implements TrackExporter {
     private static final String TRACK_STYLE = "track";
     private static final String SCHEMA_ID = "schema";
 
-    public static final String EXTENDED_DATA_TYPE_ACTIVITYTYPE = "type";
+    public static final String EXTENDED_DATA_TYPE_LOCALIZED = "type";
+    public static final String EXTENDED_DATA_ACTIVITY_TYPE = "activityType";
 
     public static final String EXTENDED_DATA_TYPE_TRACKPOINT = "trackpoint_type";
     public static final String EXTENDED_DATA_TYPE_SPEED = "speed";
@@ -298,13 +300,13 @@ private void writeBeginTrack(Track track) {
         printWriter.println("<opentracks:trackid>" + track.getUuid() + "</opentracks:trackid>");
 
         printWriter.println("<styleUrl>#" + TRACK_STYLE + "</styleUrl>");
-        writeActivityType(track.getActivityTypeLocalized());
+        writeActivityType(track.getActivityType());
+        writeTypeLocalized(track.getActivityTypeLocalized());
         printWriter.println("<MultiTrack>");
         printWriter.println("<altitudeMode>absolute</altitudeMode>");
         printWriter.println("<interpolate>1</interpolate>");
     }
 
-
     private void writeEndTrack() {
         printWriter.println("</MultiTrack>");
         printWriter.println("</Placemark>");
@@ -416,7 +418,7 @@ private void writePlacemark(String name, String activityType, String description
             printWriter.println("<description>" + StringUtils.formatCData(description) + "</description>");
             printWriter.println("<TimeStamp><when>" + getTime(zoneOffset, location) + "</when></TimeStamp>");
             printWriter.println("<styleUrl>#" + KMLTrackExporter.MARKER_STYLE + "</styleUrl>");
-            writeActivityType(activityType);
+            writeTypeLocalized(activityType);
             printWriter.println("<Point>");
             printWriter.println("<coordinates>" + getCoordinates(location, ",") + "</coordinates>");
             printWriter.println("</Point>");
@@ -437,7 +439,7 @@ private void writePhotoOverlay(Marker marker, float heading, ZoneOffset zoneOffs
         printWriter.println("</Camera>");
         printWriter.println("<TimeStamp><when>" + getTime(zoneOffset, marker.getLocation()) + "</when></TimeStamp>");
         printWriter.println("<styleUrl>#" + MARKER_STYLE + "</styleUrl>");
-        writeActivityType(marker.getCategory());
+        writeTypeLocalized(marker.getCategory());
 
         if (exportPhotos) {
             printWriter.println("<Icon><href>" + KmzTrackExporter.buildKmzImageFilePath(marker) + "</href></Icon>");
@@ -492,12 +494,21 @@ private static String getCoordinates(Location location, String separator) {
         return result;
     }
 
-    private void writeActivityType(String activityTypeLocalized) {
-        if (activityTypeLocalized == null || "".equals(activityTypeLocalized)) {
+    private void writeTypeLocalized(String localizedValue) {
+        if (localizedValue == null || localizedValue.equals("")) {
+            return;
+        }
+        printWriter.println("<ExtendedData>");
+        printWriter.println("<Data name=\"" + EXTENDED_DATA_TYPE_LOCALIZED + "\"><value>" + StringUtils.formatCData(localizedValue) + "</value></Data>");
+        printWriter.println("</ExtendedData>");
+    }
+
+    private void writeActivityType(ActivityType value) {
+        if (value == null) {
             return;
         }
         printWriter.println("<ExtendedData>");
-        printWriter.println("<Data name=\"" + EXTENDED_DATA_TYPE_ACTIVITYTYPE + "\"><value>" + StringUtils.formatCData(activityTypeLocalized) + "</value></Data>");
+        printWriter.println("<Data name=\"" + EXTENDED_DATA_ACTIVITY_TYPE + "\"><value>" + StringUtils.formatCData(value.getId()) + "</value></Data>");
         printWriter.println("</ExtendedData>");
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/GpxTrackImporter.java b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/GpxTrackImporter.java
index 7d7cc5cd3b..91b8f6d33a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/GpxTrackImporter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/GpxTrackImporter.java
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ public class GpxTrackImporter extends DefaultHandler implements XMLImporter.Trac
     private static final String TAG = GpxTrackImporter.class.getSimpleName();
 
     private static final String TAG_DESCRIPTION = "desc";
-    private static final String TAG_COMMENT = "cmt";
     private static final String TAG_ALTITUDE = "ele";
     private static final String TAG_GPX = "gpx";
     private static final String TAG_NAME = "name";
@@ -64,6 +63,7 @@ public class GpxTrackImporter extends DefaultHandler implements XMLImporter.Trac
     private static final String TAG_TRACK_POINT = "trkpt";
     private static final String TAG_TRACK_SEGMENT = "trkseg";
     private static final String TAG_TYPE = "type";
+    private static final String TAG_TYPE_LOCALIZED = "opentracks:typeTranslated";
     private static final String TAG_MARKER = "wpt";
     private static final String TAG_ID = "opentracks:trackid";
 
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ public class GpxTrackImporter extends DefaultHandler implements XMLImporter.Trac
     private String name;
     private String description;
     private String activityType;
+    private String activityTypeLocalized;
     private String latitude;
     private String longitude;
     private String altitude;
@@ -159,7 +160,11 @@ public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String tag) {
             case TAG_GPX -> onFileEnd();
             case TAG_MARKER -> onMarkerEnd();
             case TAG_TRACK -> {
-                trackImporter.setTrack(context, name, uuid, description, activityType, null, zoneOffset);
+                if (activityTypeLocalized == null ) {
+                    // Backward compatibility: up v4.9.1 as <type> contained localized content.
+                    activityTypeLocalized = activityType;
+                }
+                trackImporter.setTrack(context, name, uuid, description, activityTypeLocalized, activityType, zoneOffset);
                 zoneOffset = null;
             }
             case TAG_TRACK_SEGMENT -> onTrackSegmentEnd();
@@ -174,9 +179,16 @@ public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String tag) {
                     description = content.trim();
                 }
             }
-            case TAG_TYPE -> {
+            case TAG_TYPE -> { //Track or Marker/WPT
                 if (content != null) {
+                    // In older  version this might be localized content.
                     activityType = content.trim();
+                    markerType = content.trim();
+                }
+            }
+            case TAG_TYPE_LOCALIZED -> {
+                if (content != null) {
+                    activityTypeLocalized = content.trim();
                 }
             }
             case TAG_TIME -> {
@@ -189,11 +201,6 @@ public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String tag) {
                     altitude = content.trim();
                 }
             }
-            case TAG_COMMENT -> {
-                if (content != null) {
-                    markerType = content.trim();
-                }
-            }
             case TAG_EXTENSION_SPEED, TAG_EXTENSION_SPEED_COMPAT -> {
                 if (content != null) {
                     speed = content.trim();
@@ -385,7 +392,6 @@ private void onTrackPointStart(Attributes attributes) {
     private void onMarkerStart(Attributes attributes) {
         name = null;
         description = null;
-        activityType = null;
         photoUrl = null;
         latitude = attributes.getValue(ATTRIBUTE_LAT);
         longitude = attributes.getValue(ATTRIBUTE_LON);
@@ -415,8 +421,8 @@ private void onMarkerEnd() {
         if (description != null) {
             marker.setDescription(description);
         }
-        if (activityType != null) {
-            marker.setCategory(activityType);
+        if (markerType != null) {
+            marker.setCategory(markerType);
         }
 
         if (photoUrl != null) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/KmlTrackImporter.java b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/KmlTrackImporter.java
index e6b097f4d4..1d278f1262 100644
--- a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/KmlTrackImporter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/KmlTrackImporter.java
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ public class KmlTrackImporter extends DefaultHandler implements XMLImporter.Trac
 
     private static final String TAG_COORDINATES = "coordinates";
     private static final String TAG_DESCRIPTION = "description";
-    private static final String TAG_ICON = "icon";
 
     private static final String TAG_COORD = "coord";
     private static final String TAG_KML22_COORD = "gx:coord";
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ public class KmlTrackImporter extends DefaultHandler implements XMLImporter.Trac
     private static final String TAG_MULTI_TRACK = "MultiTrack";
     private static final String TAG_KML22_MULTI_TRACK = "gx:MultiTrack";
 
-    private static final String TAG_DATA_ACTIVITYTYPE = "Data";
+    private static final String TAG_EXTENDED_DATA = "Data";
 
     private static final String TAG_SIMPLE_ARRAY_DATA = "SimpleArrayData";
     private static final String TAG_KML22_SIMPLE_ARRAY_DATA = "gx:SimpleArrayData";
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ public class KmlTrackImporter extends DefaultHandler implements XMLImporter.Trac
     private final ArrayList<Instant> whenList = new ArrayList<>();
     private final ArrayList<Location> locationList = new ArrayList<>();
 
-    private String dataType; //Could be converted to an ENUM
+    private String dataType;
 
     private final ArrayList<String> trackpointTypeList = new ArrayList<>();
     private final ArrayList<Float> sensorSpeedList = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -112,10 +111,10 @@ public class KmlTrackImporter extends DefaultHandler implements XMLImporter.Trac
     // The current element content
     private String content = "";
 
-    private String icon;
     private String name;
     private String description;
     private String activityType;
+    private String activityTypeLocalized;
     private String latitude;
     private String longitude;
     private String altitude;
@@ -148,7 +147,7 @@ public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String tag, Attributes at
                 }
                 onTrackSegmentStart();
             }
-            case TAG_DATA_ACTIVITYTYPE, TAG_SIMPLE_ARRAY_DATA, TAG_KML22_SIMPLE_ARRAY_DATA ->
+            case TAG_EXTENDED_DATA, TAG_SIMPLE_ARRAY_DATA, TAG_KML22_SIMPLE_ARRAY_DATA ->
                     dataType = attributes.getValue(ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
         }
     }
@@ -167,18 +166,24 @@ public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String tag) throws SAXExcep
                     onMarkerEnd();
             case TAG_COORDINATES -> onMarkerLocationEnd();
             case TAG_MULTI_TRACK, TAG_KML22_MULTI_TRACK -> {
-                trackImporter.setTrack(context, name, uuid, description, activityType, icon, zoneOffset);
+                trackImporter.setTrack(context, name, uuid, description, activityTypeLocalized, activityType, zoneOffset);
                 zoneOffset = null;
             }
             case TAG_TRACK, TAG_KML22_TRACK -> onTrackSegmentEnd();
             case TAG_COORD, TAG_KML22_COORD -> onCoordEnded();
             case TAG_VALUE, TAG_KML22_VALUE -> {
-                if (KMLTrackExporter.EXTENDED_DATA_TYPE_ACTIVITYTYPE.equals(dataType)) {
-                    if (content != null) {
-                        activityType = content.trim();
+                switch (dataType) {
+                    case KMLTrackExporter.EXTENDED_DATA_ACTIVITY_TYPE -> {
+                        if (content != null) {
+                            activityType = content.trim();
+                        }
                     }
-                } else {
-                    onExtendedDataValueEnd();
+                    case KMLTrackExporter.EXTENDED_DATA_TYPE_LOCALIZED -> {
+                        if (content != null) {
+                            activityTypeLocalized = content.trim();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    default -> onExtendedDataValueEnd();
                 }
             }
             case TAG_NAME -> {
@@ -196,11 +201,6 @@ public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String tag) throws SAXExcep
                     description = content.trim();
                 }
             }
-            case TAG_ICON -> {
-                if (content != null) {
-                    icon = content.trim();
-                }
-            }
             case TAG_WHEN -> {
                 if (content != null) {
                     try {
@@ -233,9 +233,8 @@ public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String tag) throws SAXExcep
     private void onMarkerStart() {
         // Reset all Placemark variables
         name = null;
-        icon = null;
         description = null;
-        activityType = null;
+        activityTypeLocalized = null;
         photoUrl = null;
         latitude = null;
         longitude = null;
@@ -262,13 +261,13 @@ private void onMarkerEnd() {
         Marker marker = new Marker(null, new TrackPoint(TrackPoint.Type.TRACKPOINT, location, whenList.get(0))); //TODO Creating marker without need
         marker.setName(name != null ? name : "");
         marker.setDescription(description != null ? description : "");
-        marker.setCategory(activityType != null ? activityType : "");
+        marker.setCategory(activityTypeLocalized != null ? activityTypeLocalized : "");
         marker.setPhotoUrl(photoUrl);
         markers.add(marker);
 
         name = null;
         description = null;
-        activityType = null;
+        activityTypeLocalized = null;
         photoUrl = null;
         whenList.clear();
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/TrackImporter.java b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/TrackImporter.java
index ac6030594c..10145a96e6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/TrackImporter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/de/dennisguse/opentracks/io/file/importer/TrackImporter.java
@@ -105,7 +105,6 @@ void setTrack(Context context, String name, String uuid, String description, Str
         if (activityTypeLocalized != null) {
             track.setActivityTypeLocalized(activityTypeLocalized);
         }
-
         ActivityType activityType;
         if (activityTypeId == null) {
             activityType = ActivityType.findByLocalizedString(context, activityTypeLocalized);