diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml index da5afeb57..be9be73ff 100644 --- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml +++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ ci: autoupdate_commit_msg: "chore: update pre-commit hooks" autofix_commit_msg: "style: pre-commit fixes" -exclude: grammar.md +exclude: '^grammar(_sdf)?.md$' repos: # Standard hooks diff --git a/bindings/python/CompBindings.cpp b/bindings/python/CompBindings.cpp index e4160d460..b5d09cad1 100644 --- a/bindings/python/CompBindings.cpp +++ b/bindings/python/CompBindings.cpp @@ -209,6 +209,7 @@ void registerCompilation(py::module_& m) { .def("addSearchExtension", &SourceLoader::addSearchExtension, "extension"_a) .def("addLibraryMaps", &SourceLoader::addLibraryMaps, "pattern"_a, "basePath"_a, "optionBag"_a) + .def("addSDFFiles", &SourceLoader::addSDFFiles, "pattern"_a, "basePath"_a, "optionBag"_a) .def("addSeparateUnit", &SourceLoader::addSeparateUnit, "filePatterns"_a, "includePaths"_a, "defines"_a, "libraryName"_a) .def("loadSources", &SourceLoader::loadSources) diff --git a/docs/grammar.md b/docs/grammar.md index 0f5572c13..06633a0e2 100644 --- a/docs/grammar.md +++ b/docs/grammar.md @@ -1,1977 +1,1977 @@ # SystemVerilog ## A.1 Source text ### A.1.1 Library source text -library\_text ::= \{ [library_description](#library_description) } -library\_description ::= -    [library_declaration](#library_declaration) -    \| [include_statement](#include_statement) -    \| [config_declaration](#config_declaration) -    \| `;` -library\_declaration ::= -    [library](#library) [library_identifier](#library_identifier) [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) \{ `,` [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) } -    \[ `-`[incdir](#incdir) [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) \{ `,` [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) } ] `;` -include\_statement ::= [include](#include) [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) `;` +library\_text ::= \{ [library_description](#library_description) } +library\_description ::= +    [library_declaration](#library_declaration) +    \| [include_statement](#include_statement) +    \| [config_declaration](#config_declaration) +    \| `;` +library\_declaration ::= +    [library](#library) [library_identifier](#library_identifier) [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) \{ `,` [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) } +    \[ `-`[incdir](#incdir) [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) \{ `,` [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) } ] `;` +include\_statement ::= [include](#include) [file_path_spec](#file_path_spec) `;` ### A.1.2 SystemVerilog source text -source\_text ::= \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [description](#description) } -description ::= -    [module_declaration](#module_declaration) -    \| [udp_declaration](#udp_declaration) -    \| [interface_declaration](#interface_declaration) -    \| [program_declaration](#program_declaration) -    \| [package_declaration](#package_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [package_item](#package_item) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [bind_directive](#bind_directive) -    \| [config_declaration](#config_declaration) -module\_nonansi\_header ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_keyword](#module_keyword) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [module_identifier](#module_identifier) -    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) } \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] [list_of_ports](#list_of_ports) `;` -module\_ansi\_header ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_keyword](#module_keyword) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [module_identifier](#module_identifier) -    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) }[1](#1) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] \[ [list_of_port_declarations](#list_of_port_declarations) ] `;` -module\_declaration ::= -    [module_nonansi_header](#module_nonansi_header) -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [module_item](#module_item) } -    [endmodule](#endmodule) \[ `:` [module_identifier](#module_identifier) ] -    \| [module_ansi_header](#module_ansi_header) -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [non_port_module_item](#non_port_module_item) } -    [endmodule](#endmodule) \[ `:` [module_identifier](#module_identifier) ] -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_keyword](#module_keyword) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [module_identifier](#module_identifier) `(` `.` `*` `)` `;` -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [module_item](#module_item) } -    [endmodule](#endmodule) \[ `:` [module_identifier](#module_identifier) ] -    \| [extern](#extern) [module_nonansi_header](#module_nonansi_header) -    \| [extern](#extern) [module_ansi_header](#module_ansi_header) -module\_keyword ::= [module](#module) \| [macromodule](#macromodule) -interface\_declaration ::= -    [interface_nonansi_header](#interface_nonansi_header) -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [interface_item](#interface_item) } -    [endinterface](#endinterface) \[ `:` [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) ] -    \| [interface_ansi_header](#interface_ansi_header) -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [non_port_interface_item](#non_port_interface_item) } -    [endinterface](#endinterface) \[ `:` [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) ] -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface](#interface) [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `(` `.` `*` `)` `;` -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [interface_item](#interface_item) } -    [endinterface](#endinterface) \[ `:` [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) ] -    \| [extern](#extern) [interface_nonansi_header](#interface_nonansi_header) -    \| [extern](#extern) [interface_ansi_header](#interface_ansi_header) -interface\_nonansi\_header ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface](#interface) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) -    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) } \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] [list_of_ports](#list_of_ports) `;` -interface\_ansi\_header ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface](#interface) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) -    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) }[1](#1) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] \[ [list_of_port_declarations](#list_of_port_declarations) ] `;` -program\_declaration ::= -    [program_nonansi_header](#program_nonansi_header) -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [program_item](#program_item) } -    [endprogram](#endprogram) \[ `:` [program_identifier](#program_identifier) ] -    \| [program_ansi_header](#program_ansi_header) -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [non_port_program_item](#non_port_program_item) } -    [endprogram](#endprogram) \[ `:` [program_identifier](#program_identifier) ] -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [program](#program) [program_identifier](#program_identifier) `(` `.` `*` `)` `;` -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [program_item](#program_item) } -    [endprogram](#endprogram) \[ `:` [program_identifier](#program_identifier) ] -    \| [extern](#extern) [program_nonansi_header](#program_nonansi_header) -    \| [extern](#extern) [program_ansi_header](#program_ansi_header) -program\_nonansi\_header ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [program](#program) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [program_identifier](#program_identifier) -    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) } \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] [list_of_ports](#list_of_ports) `;` -program\_ansi\_header ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [program](#program) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [program_identifier](#program_identifier) -    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) }[1](#1) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] \[ [list_of_port_declarations](#list_of_port_declarations) ] `;` -checker\_declaration ::= -    [checker](#checker) [checker_identifier](#checker_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [checker_port_list](#checker_port_list) ] `)` ] `;` -    \{ \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [checker_or_generate_item](#checker_or_generate_item) } -    [endchecker](#endchecker) \[ `:` [checker_identifier](#checker_identifier) ] -class\_declaration ::= -    \[ [virtual](#virtual) ] [class](#class) \[ [final_specifier](#final_specifier) ] [class_identifier](#class_identifier) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] -    \[ [extends](#extends) [class_type](#class_type) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) \| [default](#default) ] `)` ] ] -    \[ [implements](#implements) [interface_class_type](#interface_class_type) \{ `,` [interface_class_type](#interface_class_type) } ] `;` -    \{ [class_item](#class_item) } -    [endclass](#endclass) \[ `:` [class_identifier](#class_identifier) ] -interface\_class\_declaration ::= -    [interface](#interface) [class](#class) [class_identifier](#class_identifier) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] -    \[ [extends](#extends) [interface_class_type](#interface_class_type) \{ `,` [interface_class_type](#interface_class_type) } ] `;` -    \{ [interface_class_item](#interface_class_item) } -    [endclass](#endclass) \[ `:` [class_identifier](#class_identifier) ] -package\_declaration ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [package](#package) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [package_identifier](#package_identifier) `;` -    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [package_item](#package_item) } -    [endpackage](#endpackage) \[ `:` [package_identifier](#package_identifier) ] -timeunits\_declaration ::= -    [timeunit](#timeunit) [time_literal](#time_literal) \[ `/` [time_literal](#time_literal) ] `;` -    \| [timeprecision](#timeprecision) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` -    \| [timeunit](#timeunit) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` [timeprecision](#timeprecision) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` -    \| [timeprecision](#timeprecision) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` [timeunit](#timeunit) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` +source\_text ::= \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [description](#description) } +description ::= +    [module_declaration](#module_declaration) +    \| [udp_declaration](#udp_declaration) +    \| [interface_declaration](#interface_declaration) +    \| [program_declaration](#program_declaration) +    \| [package_declaration](#package_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [package_item](#package_item) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [bind_directive](#bind_directive) +    \| [config_declaration](#config_declaration) +module\_nonansi\_header ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_keyword](#module_keyword) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [module_identifier](#module_identifier) +    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) } \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] [list_of_ports](#list_of_ports) `;` +module\_ansi\_header ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_keyword](#module_keyword) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [module_identifier](#module_identifier) +    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) }[1](#1) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] \[ [list_of_port_declarations](#list_of_port_declarations) ] `;` +module\_declaration ::= +    [module_nonansi_header](#module_nonansi_header) +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [module_item](#module_item) } +    [endmodule](#endmodule) \[ `:` [module_identifier](#module_identifier) ] +    \| [module_ansi_header](#module_ansi_header) +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [non_port_module_item](#non_port_module_item) } +    [endmodule](#endmodule) \[ `:` [module_identifier](#module_identifier) ] +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_keyword](#module_keyword) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [module_identifier](#module_identifier) `(` `.` `*` `)` `;` +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [module_item](#module_item) } +    [endmodule](#endmodule) \[ `:` [module_identifier](#module_identifier) ] +    \| [extern](#extern) [module_nonansi_header](#module_nonansi_header) +    \| [extern](#extern) [module_ansi_header](#module_ansi_header) +module\_keyword ::= [module](#module) \| [macromodule](#macromodule) +interface\_declaration ::= +    [interface_nonansi_header](#interface_nonansi_header) +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [interface_item](#interface_item) } +    [endinterface](#endinterface) \[ `:` [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) ] +    \| [interface_ansi_header](#interface_ansi_header) +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [non_port_interface_item](#non_port_interface_item) } +    [endinterface](#endinterface) \[ `:` [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) ] +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface](#interface) [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `(` `.` `*` `)` `;` +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [interface_item](#interface_item) } +    [endinterface](#endinterface) \[ `:` [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) ] +    \| [extern](#extern) [interface_nonansi_header](#interface_nonansi_header) +    \| [extern](#extern) [interface_ansi_header](#interface_ansi_header) +interface\_nonansi\_header ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface](#interface) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) +    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) } \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] [list_of_ports](#list_of_ports) `;` +interface\_ansi\_header ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface](#interface) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) +    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) }[1](#1) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] \[ [list_of_port_declarations](#list_of_port_declarations) ] `;` +program\_declaration ::= +    [program_nonansi_header](#program_nonansi_header) +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [program_item](#program_item) } +    [endprogram](#endprogram) \[ `:` [program_identifier](#program_identifier) ] +    \| [program_ansi_header](#program_ansi_header) +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [non_port_program_item](#non_port_program_item) } +    [endprogram](#endprogram) \[ `:` [program_identifier](#program_identifier) ] +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [program](#program) [program_identifier](#program_identifier) `(` `.` `*` `)` `;` +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ [program_item](#program_item) } +    [endprogram](#endprogram) \[ `:` [program_identifier](#program_identifier) ] +    \| [extern](#extern) [program_nonansi_header](#program_nonansi_header) +    \| [extern](#extern) [program_ansi_header](#program_ansi_header) +program\_nonansi\_header ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [program](#program) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [program_identifier](#program_identifier) +    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) } \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] [list_of_ports](#list_of_ports) `;` +program\_ansi\_header ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [program](#program) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [program_identifier](#program_identifier) +    \{ [package_import_declaration](#package_import_declaration) }[1](#1) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] \[ [list_of_port_declarations](#list_of_port_declarations) ] `;` +checker\_declaration ::= +    [checker](#checker) [checker_identifier](#checker_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [checker_port_list](#checker_port_list) ] `)` ] `;` +    \{ \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [checker_or_generate_item](#checker_or_generate_item) } +    [endchecker](#endchecker) \[ `:` [checker_identifier](#checker_identifier) ] +class\_declaration ::= +    \[ [virtual](#virtual) ] [class](#class) \[ [final_specifier](#final_specifier) ] [class_identifier](#class_identifier) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] +    \[ [extends](#extends) [class_type](#class_type) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) \| [default](#default) ] `)` ] ] +    \[ [implements](#implements) [interface_class_type](#interface_class_type) \{ `,` [interface_class_type](#interface_class_type) } ] `;` +    \{ [class_item](#class_item) } +    [endclass](#endclass) \[ `:` [class_identifier](#class_identifier) ] +interface\_class\_declaration ::= +    [interface](#interface) [class](#class) [class_identifier](#class_identifier) \[ [parameter_port_list](#parameter_port_list) ] +    \[ [extends](#extends) [interface_class_type](#interface_class_type) \{ `,` [interface_class_type](#interface_class_type) } ] `;` +    \{ [interface_class_item](#interface_class_item) } +    [endclass](#endclass) \[ `:` [class_identifier](#class_identifier) ] +package\_declaration ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [package](#package) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [package_identifier](#package_identifier) `;` +    \[ [timeunits_declaration](#timeunits_declaration) ] \{ \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [package_item](#package_item) } +    [endpackage](#endpackage) \[ `:` [package_identifier](#package_identifier) ] +timeunits\_declaration ::= +    [timeunit](#timeunit) [time_literal](#time_literal) \[ `/` [time_literal](#time_literal) ] `;` +    \| [timeprecision](#timeprecision) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` +    \| [timeunit](#timeunit) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` [timeprecision](#timeprecision) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` +    \| [timeprecision](#timeprecision) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` [timeunit](#timeunit) [time_literal](#time_literal) `;` ### A.1.3 Module parameters and ports -parameter\_port\_list ::= -    `#` `(` [list_of_param_assignments](#list_of_param_assignments) \{ `,` [parameter_port_declaration](#parameter_port_declaration) } `)` -    \| `#` `(` [parameter_port_declaration](#parameter_port_declaration) \{ `,` [parameter_port_declaration](#parameter_port_declaration) } `)` -    \| `#(` `)` -parameter\_port\_declaration ::= -    [parameter_declaration](#parameter_declaration) -    \| [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) -    \| [data_type](#data_type) [list_of_param_assignments](#list_of_param_assignments) -    \| [type_parameter_declaration](#type_parameter_declaration) -list\_of\_ports ::= `(` [port](#port) \{ `,` [port](#port) } `)` -list\_of\_port\_declarations2 ::= -    `(` \[ \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [ansi_port_declaration](#ansi_port_declaration) \{ `,` \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [ansi_port_declaration](#ansi_port_declaration) } ] `)` -port\_declaration ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [inout_declaration](#inout_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [input_declaration](#input_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [output_declaration](#output_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [ref_declaration](#ref_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface_port_declaration](#interface_port_declaration) -port ::= -    \[ [port_expression](#port_expression) ] -    \| `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) `(` \[ [port_expression](#port_expression) ] `)` -port\_expression ::= -    [port_reference](#port_reference) -    \| \{ [port_reference](#port_reference) \{ `,` [port_reference](#port_reference) } } -port\_reference ::= [port_identifier](#port_identifier) [constant_select](#constant_select) -port\_direction ::= [input](#input) \| [output](#output) \| [inout](#inout) \| [ref](#ref) -net\_port\_header ::= \[ [port_direction](#port_direction) ] [net_port_type](#net_port_type) -variable\_port\_header ::= \[ [port_direction](#port_direction) ] [variable_port_type](#variable_port_type) -interface\_port\_header ::= -    [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \[ `.` [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) ] -    \| [interface](#interface) \[ `.` [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) ] -ansi\_port\_declaration ::= -    \[ [net_port_header](#net_port_header) \| [interface_port_header](#interface_port_header) ] [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } -    \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] -    \| \[ [variable_port_header](#variable_port_header) ] [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] -    \| \[ [port_direction](#port_direction) ] `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` +parameter\_port\_list ::= +    `#` `(` [list_of_param_assignments](#list_of_param_assignments) \{ `,` [parameter_port_declaration](#parameter_port_declaration) } `)` +    \| `#` `(` [parameter_port_declaration](#parameter_port_declaration) \{ `,` [parameter_port_declaration](#parameter_port_declaration) } `)` +    \| `#(` `)` +parameter\_port\_declaration ::= +    [parameter_declaration](#parameter_declaration) +    \| [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) +    \| [data_type](#data_type) [list_of_param_assignments](#list_of_param_assignments) +    \| [type_parameter_declaration](#type_parameter_declaration) +list\_of\_ports ::= `(` [port](#port) \{ `,` [port](#port) } `)` +list\_of\_port\_declarations2 ::= +    `(` \[ \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [ansi_port_declaration](#ansi_port_declaration) \{ `,` \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [ansi_port_declaration](#ansi_port_declaration) } ] `)` +port\_declaration ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [inout_declaration](#inout_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [input_declaration](#input_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [output_declaration](#output_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [ref_declaration](#ref_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface_port_declaration](#interface_port_declaration) +port ::= +    \[ [port_expression](#port_expression) ] +    \| `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) `(` \[ [port_expression](#port_expression) ] `)` +port\_expression ::= +    [port_reference](#port_reference) +    \| \{ [port_reference](#port_reference) \{ `,` [port_reference](#port_reference) } } +port\_reference ::= [port_identifier](#port_identifier) [constant_select](#constant_select) +port\_direction ::= [input](#input) \| [output](#output) \| [inout](#inout) \| [ref](#ref) +net\_port\_header ::= \[ [port_direction](#port_direction) ] [net_port_type](#net_port_type) +variable\_port\_header ::= \[ [port_direction](#port_direction) ] [variable_port_type](#variable_port_type) +interface\_port\_header ::= +    [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \[ `.` [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) ] +    \| [interface](#interface) \[ `.` [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) ] +ansi\_port\_declaration ::= +    \[ [net_port_header](#net_port_header) \| [interface_port_header](#interface_port_header) ] [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } +    \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] +    \| \[ [variable_port_header](#variable_port_header) ] [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] +    \| \[ [port_direction](#port_direction) ] `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` ### A.1.4 Module items -severity\_system\_task ::= -    `$`[fatal](#fatal) \[ `(` [finish_number](#finish_number) `[,` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] `;` -    \| `$`[error](#error) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] `;` -    \| `$`[warning](#warning) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] `;` -    \| `$`[info](#info) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] `;` -finish\_number ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) -elaboration\_severity\_system\_task ::= [severity_system_task](#severity_system_task) -module\_common\_item ::= -    [module_or_generate_item_declaration](#module_or_generate_item_declaration) -    \| [interface_instantiation](#interface_instantiation) -    \| [program_instantiation](#program_instantiation) -    \| [assertion_item](#assertion_item) -    \| [bind_directive](#bind_directive) -    \| [continuous_assign](#continuous_assign) -    \| [net_alias](#net_alias) -    \| [initial_construct](#initial_construct) -    \| [final_construct](#final_construct) -    \| [always_construct](#always_construct) -    \| [loop_generate_construct](#loop_generate_construct) -    \| [conditional_generate_construct](#conditional_generate_construct) -    \| [elaboration_severity_system_task](#elaboration_severity_system_task) -module\_item ::= -    [port_declaration](#port_declaration) `;` -    \| [non_port_module_item](#non_port_module_item) -module\_or\_generate\_item ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [parameter_override](#parameter_override) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [gate_instantiation](#gate_instantiation) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [udp_instantiation](#udp_instantiation) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_instantiation](#module_instantiation) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_common_item](#module_common_item) -module\_or\_generate\_item\_declaration ::= -    [package_or_generate_item_declaration](#package_or_generate_item_declaration) -    \| [genvar_declaration](#genvar_declaration) -    \| [clocking_declaration](#clocking_declaration) -    \| [default](#default) [clocking](#clocking) [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) `;` -    \| [default](#default) [disable](#disable) [iff](#iff) [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `;` -non\_port\_module\_item ::= -    [generate_region](#generate_region) -    \| [module_or_generate_item](#module_or_generate_item) -    \| [specify_block](#specify_block) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [specparam_declaration](#specparam_declaration) -    \| [program_declaration](#program_declaration) -    \| [module_declaration](#module_declaration) -    \| [interface_declaration](#interface_declaration) -    \| [timeunits_declaration3](#timeunits_declaration3) -parameter\_override ::= [defparam](#defparam) [list_of_defparam_assignments](#list_of_defparam_assignments) `;` -bind\_directive4 ::= -    [bind](#bind) [bind_target_scope](#bind_target_scope) \[ `:` [bind_target_instance_list](#bind_target_instance_list) ] [bind_instantiation](#bind_instantiation) `;` -    \| [bind](#bind) [bind_target_instance](#bind_target_instance) [bind_instantiation](#bind_instantiation) `;` -bind\_target\_scope ::= -    [module_identifier](#module_identifier) -    \| [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) -bind\_target\_instance ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) -bind\_target\_instance\_list ::= [bind_target_instance](#bind_target_instance) \{ `,` [bind_target_instance](#bind_target_instance) } -bind\_instantiation ::= -    [program_instantiation](#program_instantiation) -    \| [module_instantiation](#module_instantiation) -    \| [interface_instantiation](#interface_instantiation) -    \| [checker_instantiation](#checker_instantiation) +severity\_system\_task ::= +    `$`[fatal](#fatal) \[ `(` [finish_number](#finish_number) `[,` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] `;` +    \| `$`[error](#error) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] `;` +    \| `$`[warning](#warning) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] `;` +    \| `$`[info](#info) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] `;` +finish\_number ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) +elaboration\_severity\_system\_task ::= [severity_system_task](#severity_system_task) +module\_common\_item ::= +    [module_or_generate_item_declaration](#module_or_generate_item_declaration) +    \| [interface_instantiation](#interface_instantiation) +    \| [program_instantiation](#program_instantiation) +    \| [assertion_item](#assertion_item) +    \| [bind_directive](#bind_directive) +    \| [continuous_assign](#continuous_assign) +    \| [net_alias](#net_alias) +    \| [initial_construct](#initial_construct) +    \| [final_construct](#final_construct) +    \| [always_construct](#always_construct) +    \| [loop_generate_construct](#loop_generate_construct) +    \| [conditional_generate_construct](#conditional_generate_construct) +    \| [elaboration_severity_system_task](#elaboration_severity_system_task) +module\_item ::= +    [port_declaration](#port_declaration) `;` +    \| [non_port_module_item](#non_port_module_item) +module\_or\_generate\_item ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [parameter_override](#parameter_override) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [gate_instantiation](#gate_instantiation) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [udp_instantiation](#udp_instantiation) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_instantiation](#module_instantiation) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_common_item](#module_common_item) +module\_or\_generate\_item\_declaration ::= +    [package_or_generate_item_declaration](#package_or_generate_item_declaration) +    \| [genvar_declaration](#genvar_declaration) +    \| [clocking_declaration](#clocking_declaration) +    \| [default](#default) [clocking](#clocking) [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) `;` +    \| [default](#default) [disable](#disable) [iff](#iff) [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `;` +non\_port\_module\_item ::= +    [generate_region](#generate_region) +    \| [module_or_generate_item](#module_or_generate_item) +    \| [specify_block](#specify_block) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [specparam_declaration](#specparam_declaration) +    \| [program_declaration](#program_declaration) +    \| [module_declaration](#module_declaration) +    \| [interface_declaration](#interface_declaration) +    \| [timeunits_declaration3](#timeunits_declaration3) +parameter\_override ::= [defparam](#defparam) [list_of_defparam_assignments](#list_of_defparam_assignments) `;` +bind\_directive4 ::= +    [bind](#bind) [bind_target_scope](#bind_target_scope) \[ `:` [bind_target_instance_list](#bind_target_instance_list) ] [bind_instantiation](#bind_instantiation) `;` +    \| [bind](#bind) [bind_target_instance](#bind_target_instance) [bind_instantiation](#bind_instantiation) `;` +bind\_target\_scope ::= +    [module_identifier](#module_identifier) +    \| [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) +bind\_target\_instance ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) +bind\_target\_instance\_list ::= [bind_target_instance](#bind_target_instance) \{ `,` [bind_target_instance](#bind_target_instance) } +bind\_instantiation ::= +    [program_instantiation](#program_instantiation) +    \| [module_instantiation](#module_instantiation) +    \| [interface_instantiation](#interface_instantiation) +    \| [checker_instantiation](#checker_instantiation) ### A.1.5 Configuration source text -config\_declaration ::= -    [config](#config) [config_identifier](#config_identifier) `;` -    \{ [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` } -    [design_statement](#design_statement) -    \{ [config_rule_statement](#config_rule_statement) } -    [endconfig](#endconfig) \[ `:` [config_identifier](#config_identifier) ] -design\_statement ::= [design](#design) \{ \[ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) `.` ] [cell_identifier](#cell_identifier) } `;` -config\_rule\_statement ::= -    [default_clause](#default_clause) [liblist_clause](#liblist_clause) `;` -    \| [inst_clause](#inst_clause) [liblist_clause](#liblist_clause) `;` -    \| [inst_clause](#inst_clause) [use_clause](#use_clause) `;` -    \| [cell_clause](#cell_clause) [liblist_clause](#liblist_clause) `;` -    \| [cell_clause](#cell_clause) [use_clause](#use_clause) `;` -default\_clause ::= [default](#default) -inst\_clause ::= [instance](#instance) [inst_name](#inst_name) -inst\_name ::= [topmodule_identifier](#topmodule_identifier) \{ `.` [instance_identifier](#instance_identifier) } -cell\_clause ::= [cell](#cell) \[ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) `.` ] [cell_identifier](#cell_identifier) -liblist\_clause ::= [liblist](#liblist) \{ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) } -use\_clause ::= -    [use](#use) \[ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) `.` ] [cell_identifier](#cell_identifier) \[ `:` [config](#config) ] -    \| [use](#use) [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) \{ `,` [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) } \[ `:` [config](#config) ] -    \| [use](#use) \[ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) `.` ] [cell_identifier](#cell_identifier) [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) -    \{ `,` [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) } \[ `:` [config](#config) ] +config\_declaration ::= +    [config](#config) [config_identifier](#config_identifier) `;` +    \{ [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` } +    [design_statement](#design_statement) +    \{ [config_rule_statement](#config_rule_statement) } +    [endconfig](#endconfig) \[ `:` [config_identifier](#config_identifier) ] +design\_statement ::= [design](#design) \{ \[ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) `.` ] [cell_identifier](#cell_identifier) } `;` +config\_rule\_statement ::= +    [default_clause](#default_clause) [liblist_clause](#liblist_clause) `;` +    \| [inst_clause](#inst_clause) [liblist_clause](#liblist_clause) `;` +    \| [inst_clause](#inst_clause) [use_clause](#use_clause) `;` +    \| [cell_clause](#cell_clause) [liblist_clause](#liblist_clause) `;` +    \| [cell_clause](#cell_clause) [use_clause](#use_clause) `;` +default\_clause ::= [default](#default) +inst\_clause ::= [instance](#instance) [inst_name](#inst_name) +inst\_name ::= [topmodule_identifier](#topmodule_identifier) \{ `.` [instance_identifier](#instance_identifier) } +cell\_clause ::= [cell](#cell) \[ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) `.` ] [cell_identifier](#cell_identifier) +liblist\_clause ::= [liblist](#liblist) \{ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) } +use\_clause ::= +    [use](#use) \[ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) `.` ] [cell_identifier](#cell_identifier) \[ `:` [config](#config) ] +    \| [use](#use) [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) \{ `,` [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) } \[ `:` [config](#config) ] +    \| [use](#use) \[ [library_identifier](#library_identifier) `.` ] [cell_identifier](#cell_identifier) [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) +    \{ `,` [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) } \[ `:` [config](#config) ] ### A.1.6 Interface items -interface\_or\_generate\_item ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_common_item](#module_common_item) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [extern_tf_declaration](#extern_tf_declaration) -extern\_tf\_declaration ::= -    [extern](#extern) [method_prototype](#method_prototype) `;` -    \| [extern](#extern) [forkjoin](#forkjoin) [task_prototype](#task_prototype) `;` -interface\_item ::= -    [port_declaration](#port_declaration) `;` -    \| [non_port_interface_item](#non_port_interface_item) -non\_port\_interface\_item ::= -    [generate_region](#generate_region) -    \| [interface_or_generate_item](#interface_or_generate_item) -    \| [program_declaration](#program_declaration) -    \| [modport_declaration](#modport_declaration) -    \| [interface_declaration](#interface_declaration) -    \| [timeunits_declaration3](#timeunits_declaration3) +interface\_or\_generate\_item ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_common_item](#module_common_item) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [extern_tf_declaration](#extern_tf_declaration) +extern\_tf\_declaration ::= +    [extern](#extern) [method_prototype](#method_prototype) `;` +    \| [extern](#extern) [forkjoin](#forkjoin) [task_prototype](#task_prototype) `;` +interface\_item ::= +    [port_declaration](#port_declaration) `;` +    \| [non_port_interface_item](#non_port_interface_item) +non\_port\_interface\_item ::= +    [generate_region](#generate_region) +    \| [interface_or_generate_item](#interface_or_generate_item) +    \| [program_declaration](#program_declaration) +    \| [modport_declaration](#modport_declaration) +    \| [interface_declaration](#interface_declaration) +    \| [timeunits_declaration3](#timeunits_declaration3) ### A.1.7 Program items -program\_item ::= -    [port_declaration](#port_declaration) `;` -    \| [non_port_program_item](#non_port_program_item) -non\_port\_program\_item ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [continuous_assign](#continuous_assign) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_or_generate_item_declaration](#module_or_generate_item_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [initial_construct](#initial_construct) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [final_construct](#final_construct) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [concurrent_assertion_item](#concurrent_assertion_item) -    \| [timeunits_declaration3](#timeunits_declaration3) -    \| [program_generate_item](#program_generate_item) -program\_generate\_item5 ::= -    [loop_generate_construct](#loop_generate_construct) -    \| [conditional_generate_construct](#conditional_generate_construct) -    \| [generate_region](#generate_region) -    \| [elaboration_severity_system_task](#elaboration_severity_system_task) +program\_item ::= +    [port_declaration](#port_declaration) `;` +    \| [non_port_program_item](#non_port_program_item) +non\_port\_program\_item ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [continuous_assign](#continuous_assign) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_or_generate_item_declaration](#module_or_generate_item_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [initial_construct](#initial_construct) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [final_construct](#final_construct) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [concurrent_assertion_item](#concurrent_assertion_item) +    \| [timeunits_declaration3](#timeunits_declaration3) +    \| [program_generate_item](#program_generate_item) +program\_generate\_item5 ::= +    [loop_generate_construct](#loop_generate_construct) +    \| [conditional_generate_construct](#conditional_generate_construct) +    \| [generate_region](#generate_region) +    \| [elaboration_severity_system_task](#elaboration_severity_system_task) ### A.1.8 Checker items -checker\_port\_list ::= [checker_port_item](#checker_port_item) \{ `,` [checker_port_item](#checker_port_item) } -checker\_port\_item ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [checker_port_direction](#checker_port_direction) ] [property_formal_type](#property_formal_type) [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) -    \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] -checker\_port\_direction ::= [input](#input) \| [output](#output) -checker\_or\_generate\_item ::= -    [checker_or_generate_item_declaration](#checker_or_generate_item_declaration) -    \| [initial_construct](#initial_construct) -    \| [always_construct](#always_construct) -    \| [final_construct](#final_construct) -    \| [assertion_item](#assertion_item) -    \| [continuous_assign](#continuous_assign) -    \| [checker_generate_item](#checker_generate_item) -checker\_or\_generate\_item\_declaration ::= -    \[ [rand](#rand) ] [data_declaration](#data_declaration) -    \| [function_declaration](#function_declaration) -    \| [checker_declaration](#checker_declaration) -    \| [assertion_item_declaration](#assertion_item_declaration) -    \| [covergroup_declaration](#covergroup_declaration) -    \| [genvar_declaration](#genvar_declaration) -    \| [clocking_declaration](#clocking_declaration) -    \| [default](#default) [clocking](#clocking) [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) `;` -    \| [default](#default) [disable](#disable) [iff](#iff) [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `;` -    \| `;` -checker\_generate\_item6 ::= -    [loop_generate_construct](#loop_generate_construct) -    \| [conditional_generate_construct](#conditional_generate_construct) -    \| [generate_region](#generate_region) -    \| [elaboration_severity_system_task](#elaboration_severity_system_task) +checker\_port\_list ::= [checker_port_item](#checker_port_item) \{ `,` [checker_port_item](#checker_port_item) } +checker\_port\_item ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [checker_port_direction](#checker_port_direction) ] [property_formal_type](#property_formal_type) [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) +    \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] +checker\_port\_direction ::= [input](#input) \| [output](#output) +checker\_or\_generate\_item ::= +    [checker_or_generate_item_declaration](#checker_or_generate_item_declaration) +    \| [initial_construct](#initial_construct) +    \| [always_construct](#always_construct) +    \| [final_construct](#final_construct) +    \| [assertion_item](#assertion_item) +    \| [continuous_assign](#continuous_assign) +    \| [checker_generate_item](#checker_generate_item) +checker\_or\_generate\_item\_declaration ::= +    \[ [rand](#rand) ] [data_declaration](#data_declaration) +    \| [function_declaration](#function_declaration) +    \| [checker_declaration](#checker_declaration) +    \| [assertion_item_declaration](#assertion_item_declaration) +    \| [covergroup_declaration](#covergroup_declaration) +    \| [genvar_declaration](#genvar_declaration) +    \| [clocking_declaration](#clocking_declaration) +    \| [default](#default) [clocking](#clocking) [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) `;` +    \| [default](#default) [disable](#disable) [iff](#iff) [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `;` +    \| `;` +checker\_generate\_item6 ::= +    [loop_generate_construct](#loop_generate_construct) +    \| [conditional_generate_construct](#conditional_generate_construct) +    \| [generate_region](#generate_region) +    \| [elaboration_severity_system_task](#elaboration_severity_system_task) ### A.1.9 Class items -class\_item ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [class_property](#class_property) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [class_method](#class_method) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [class_constraint](#class_constraint) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [class_declaration](#class_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface_class_declaration](#interface_class_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [covergroup_declaration](#covergroup_declaration) -    \| [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` -    \| [parameter_declaration7](#parameter_declaration7) `;` -    \| `;` -class\_property ::= -    \{ [property_qualifier](#property_qualifier) } [data_declaration](#data_declaration) -    \| [const](#const) \{ [class_item_qualifier](#class_item_qualifier) } [data_type](#data_type) [const_identifier](#const_identifier) \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] `;` -class\_method ::= -    \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [task_declaration](#task_declaration) -    \| \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [function_declaration](#function_declaration) -    \| [pure](#pure) [virtual](#virtual) \{ [class_item_qualifier](#class_item_qualifier) } [method_prototype8](#method_prototype8) `;` -    \| [extern](#extern) \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [method_prototype](#method_prototype) `;` -    \| \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [class_constructor_declaration](#class_constructor_declaration) -    \| [extern](#extern) \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [class_constructor_prototype](#class_constructor_prototype) -class\_constructor\_declaration ::= -    [function](#function) \[ [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [new](#new) \[ `(` \[ [class_constructor_arg_list](#class_constructor_arg_list) ] `)` ] `;` -    \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } -    \[ [super](#super) `.` [new](#new) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) \| [default](#default) ] `)` ] `;` ] -    \{ [function_statement_or_null](#function_statement_or_null) } -    [endfunction](#endfunction) \[ `:` [new](#new) ] -class\_constructor\_prototype ::= [function](#function) [new](#new) \[ `(` \[ [class_constructor_arg_list](#class_constructor_arg_list) ] `)` ] `;` -class\_constructor\_arg\_list ::= [class_constructor_arg](#class_constructor_arg) \{ `,` [class_constructor_arg](#class_constructor_arg) }[9](#9) -class\_constructor\_arg ::= [tf_port_item](#tf_port_item) \| [default](#default) -interface\_class\_item ::= -    [type_declaration](#type_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface_class_method](#interface_class_method) -    \| [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` -    \| [parameter_declaration7](#parameter_declaration7) `;` -    \| `;` -interface\_class\_method ::= [pure](#pure) [virtual](#virtual) [method_prototype](#method_prototype) `;` -class\_constraint ::= -    [constraint_prototype](#constraint_prototype) -    \| [constraint_declaration](#constraint_declaration) -class\_item\_qualifier10 ::= [static](#static) \| [protected](#protected) \| [local](#local) -property\_qualifier10 ::= -    [random_qualifier](#random_qualifier) -    \| [class_item_qualifier](#class_item_qualifier) -random\_qualifier10 ::= [rand](#rand) \| [randc](#randc) -method\_qualifier10 ::= -    \[ [pure](#pure) ] [virtual](#virtual) -    \| [class_item_qualifier](#class_item_qualifier) -method\_prototype ::= -    [task_prototype](#task_prototype) -    \| [function_prototype](#function_prototype) +class\_item ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [class_property](#class_property) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [class_method](#class_method) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [class_constraint](#class_constraint) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [class_declaration](#class_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface_class_declaration](#interface_class_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [covergroup_declaration](#covergroup_declaration) +    \| [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` +    \| [parameter_declaration7](#parameter_declaration7) `;` +    \| `;` +class\_property ::= +    \{ [property_qualifier](#property_qualifier) } [data_declaration](#data_declaration) +    \| [const](#const) \{ [class_item_qualifier](#class_item_qualifier) } [data_type](#data_type) [const_identifier](#const_identifier) \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] `;` +class\_method ::= +    \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [task_declaration](#task_declaration) +    \| \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [function_declaration](#function_declaration) +    \| [pure](#pure) [virtual](#virtual) \{ [class_item_qualifier](#class_item_qualifier) } [method_prototype8](#method_prototype8) `;` +    \| [extern](#extern) \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [method_prototype](#method_prototype) `;` +    \| \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [class_constructor_declaration](#class_constructor_declaration) +    \| [extern](#extern) \{ [method_qualifier](#method_qualifier) } [class_constructor_prototype](#class_constructor_prototype) +class\_constructor\_declaration ::= +    [function](#function) \[ [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [new](#new) \[ `(` \[ [class_constructor_arg_list](#class_constructor_arg_list) ] `)` ] `;` +    \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } +    \[ [super](#super) `.` [new](#new) \[ `(` \[ [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) \| [default](#default) ] `)` ] `;` ] +    \{ [function_statement_or_null](#function_statement_or_null) } +    [endfunction](#endfunction) \[ `:` [new](#new) ] +class\_constructor\_prototype ::= [function](#function) [new](#new) \[ `(` \[ [class_constructor_arg_list](#class_constructor_arg_list) ] `)` ] `;` +class\_constructor\_arg\_list ::= [class_constructor_arg](#class_constructor_arg) \{ `,` [class_constructor_arg](#class_constructor_arg) }[9](#9) +class\_constructor\_arg ::= [tf_port_item](#tf_port_item) \| [default](#default) +interface\_class\_item ::= +    [type_declaration](#type_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [interface_class_method](#interface_class_method) +    \| [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` +    \| [parameter_declaration7](#parameter_declaration7) `;` +    \| `;` +interface\_class\_method ::= [pure](#pure) [virtual](#virtual) [method_prototype](#method_prototype) `;` +class\_constraint ::= +    [constraint_prototype](#constraint_prototype) +    \| [constraint_declaration](#constraint_declaration) +class\_item\_qualifier10 ::= [static](#static) \| [protected](#protected) \| [local](#local) +property\_qualifier10 ::= +    [random_qualifier](#random_qualifier) +    \| [class_item_qualifier](#class_item_qualifier) +random\_qualifier10 ::= [rand](#rand) \| [randc](#randc) +method\_qualifier10 ::= +    \[ [pure](#pure) ] [virtual](#virtual) +    \| [class_item_qualifier](#class_item_qualifier) +method\_prototype ::= +    [task_prototype](#task_prototype) +    \| [function_prototype](#function_prototype) ### A.1.10 Constraints -constraint\_declaration ::= -    \[ [static](#static) ] [constraint](#constraint) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][11](#11) [constraint_identifier](#constraint_identifier) [constraint_block](#constraint_block) -constraint\_block ::= \{ \{ [constraint_block_item](#constraint_block_item) } } -constraint\_block\_item ::= -    [solve](#solve) [solve_before_list](#solve_before_list) [before](#before) [solve_before_list](#solve_before_list) `;` -    \| [constraint_expression](#constraint_expression) -solve\_before\_list ::= [constraint_primary](#constraint_primary) \{ `,` [constraint_primary](#constraint_primary) } -constraint\_primary ::= \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) [select](#select) \[ `(` `)` ][12](#12) -constraint\_expression ::= -    \[ [soft](#soft) ] [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `;` -    \| [uniqueness_constraint](#uniqueness_constraint) `;` -    \| [expression](#expression) [â](#â)`€“>` [constraint_set](#constraint_set) -    \| [if](#if) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [constraint_set](#constraint_set) \[ [else](#else) [constraint_set](#constraint_set) ] -    \| [foreach](#foreach) `(` [ps_or_hierarchical_array_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_array_identifier) \[ [loop_variables](#loop_variables) ] `)` [constraint_set](#constraint_set) -    \| [disable](#disable) [soft](#soft) [constraint_primary](#constraint_primary) `;` -uniqueness\_constraint ::= [unique](#unique) \{ [range_list13](#range_list13) } -constraint\_set ::= -    [constraint_expression](#constraint_expression) -    \| \{ \{ [constraint_expression](#constraint_expression) } } -expression\_or\_dist ::= [expression](#expression) \[ [dist](#dist) \{ [dist_list](#dist_list) } ] -dist\_list ::= [dist_item](#dist_item) \{ `,` [dist_item](#dist_item) } -dist\_item ::= -    [value_range](#value_range) \[ [dist_weight](#dist_weight) ] -    \| [default](#default) `:/` [expression](#expression) -dist\_weight ::= -    `:=` [expression](#expression) -    \| `:/` [expression](#expression) -constraint\_prototype ::= -    \[ [constraint_prototype_qualifier](#constraint_prototype_qualifier) ] \[ [static](#static) ] [constraint](#constraint) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][8](#8)`,`[11](#11) -    [constraint_identifier](#constraint_identifier) `;` -constraint\_prototype\_qualifier ::= [extern](#extern) \| [pure](#pure) -extern\_constraint\_declaration ::= -    \[ [static](#static) ] [constraint](#constraint) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][11](#11) [class_scope](#class_scope) [constraint_identifier](#constraint_identifier) -    [constraint_block](#constraint_block) +constraint\_declaration ::= +    \[ [static](#static) ] [constraint](#constraint) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][11](#11) [constraint_identifier](#constraint_identifier) [constraint_block](#constraint_block) +constraint\_block ::= \{ \{ [constraint_block_item](#constraint_block_item) } } +constraint\_block\_item ::= +    [solve](#solve) [solve_before_list](#solve_before_list) [before](#before) [solve_before_list](#solve_before_list) `;` +    \| [constraint_expression](#constraint_expression) +solve\_before\_list ::= [constraint_primary](#constraint_primary) \{ `,` [constraint_primary](#constraint_primary) } +constraint\_primary ::= \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) [select](#select) \[ `(` `)` ][12](#12) +constraint\_expression ::= +    \[ [soft](#soft) ] [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `;` +    \| [uniqueness_constraint](#uniqueness_constraint) `;` +    \| [expression](#expression) [â](#â)`€“>` [constraint_set](#constraint_set) +    \| [if](#if) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [constraint_set](#constraint_set) \[ [else](#else) [constraint_set](#constraint_set) ] +    \| [foreach](#foreach) `(` [ps_or_hierarchical_array_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_array_identifier) \[ [loop_variables](#loop_variables) ] `)` [constraint_set](#constraint_set) +    \| [disable](#disable) [soft](#soft) [constraint_primary](#constraint_primary) `;` +uniqueness\_constraint ::= [unique](#unique) \{ [range_list13](#range_list13) } +constraint\_set ::= +    [constraint_expression](#constraint_expression) +    \| \{ \{ [constraint_expression](#constraint_expression) } } +expression\_or\_dist ::= [expression](#expression) \[ [dist](#dist) \{ [dist_list](#dist_list) } ] +dist\_list ::= [dist_item](#dist_item) \{ `,` [dist_item](#dist_item) } +dist\_item ::= +    [value_range](#value_range) \[ [dist_weight](#dist_weight) ] +    \| [default](#default) `:/` [expression](#expression) +dist\_weight ::= +    `:=` [expression](#expression) +    \| `:/` [expression](#expression) +constraint\_prototype ::= +    \[ [constraint_prototype_qualifier](#constraint_prototype_qualifier) ] \[ [static](#static) ] [constraint](#constraint) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][8](#8)`,`[11](#11) +    [constraint_identifier](#constraint_identifier) `;` +constraint\_prototype\_qualifier ::= [extern](#extern) \| [pure](#pure) +extern\_constraint\_declaration ::= +    \[ [static](#static) ] [constraint](#constraint) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][11](#11) [class_scope](#class_scope) [constraint_identifier](#constraint_identifier) +    [constraint_block](#constraint_block) ### A.1.11 Package items -package\_item ::= -    [package_or_generate_item_declaration](#package_or_generate_item_declaration) -    \| [anonymous_program](#anonymous_program) -    \| [package_export_declaration](#package_export_declaration) -    \| [timeunits_declaration3](#timeunits_declaration3) -package\_or\_generate\_item\_declaration ::= -    [net_declaration](#net_declaration) -    \| [data_declaration](#data_declaration) -    \| [task_declaration](#task_declaration) -    \| [function_declaration](#function_declaration) -    \| [checker_declaration](#checker_declaration) -    \| [dpi_import_export](#dpi_import_export) -    \| [extern_constraint_declaration](#extern_constraint_declaration) -    \| [class_declaration](#class_declaration) -    \| [interface_class_declaration](#interface_class_declaration) -    \| [class_constructor_declaration](#class_constructor_declaration) -    \| [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` -    \| [parameter_declaration](#parameter_declaration) `;` -    \| [covergroup_declaration](#covergroup_declaration) -    \| [assertion_item_declaration](#assertion_item_declaration) -    \| `;` -anonymous\_program ::= [program](#program) `;` \{ [anonymous_program_item](#anonymous_program_item) } [endprogram](#endprogram) -anonymous\_program\_item ::= -    [task_declaration](#task_declaration) -    \| [function_declaration](#function_declaration) -    \| [class_declaration](#class_declaration) -    \| [interface_class_declaration](#interface_class_declaration) -    \| [covergroup_declaration](#covergroup_declaration) -    \| [class_constructor_declaration](#class_constructor_declaration) -    \| `;` +package\_item ::= +    [package_or_generate_item_declaration](#package_or_generate_item_declaration) +    \| [anonymous_program](#anonymous_program) +    \| [package_export_declaration](#package_export_declaration) +    \| [timeunits_declaration3](#timeunits_declaration3) +package\_or\_generate\_item\_declaration ::= +    [net_declaration](#net_declaration) +    \| [data_declaration](#data_declaration) +    \| [task_declaration](#task_declaration) +    \| [function_declaration](#function_declaration) +    \| [checker_declaration](#checker_declaration) +    \| [dpi_import_export](#dpi_import_export) +    \| [extern_constraint_declaration](#extern_constraint_declaration) +    \| [class_declaration](#class_declaration) +    \| [interface_class_declaration](#interface_class_declaration) +    \| [class_constructor_declaration](#class_constructor_declaration) +    \| [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` +    \| [parameter_declaration](#parameter_declaration) `;` +    \| [covergroup_declaration](#covergroup_declaration) +    \| [assertion_item_declaration](#assertion_item_declaration) +    \| `;` +anonymous\_program ::= [program](#program) `;` \{ [anonymous_program_item](#anonymous_program_item) } [endprogram](#endprogram) +anonymous\_program\_item ::= +    [task_declaration](#task_declaration) +    \| [function_declaration](#function_declaration) +    \| [class_declaration](#class_declaration) +    \| [interface_class_declaration](#interface_class_declaration) +    \| [covergroup_declaration](#covergroup_declaration) +    \| [class_constructor_declaration](#class_constructor_declaration) +    \| `;` ## A.2 Declarations ### A.2.1 Declaration types #### A.2.1.1 Module parameter declarations -local\_parameter\_declaration ::= -    [localparam](#localparam) [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) [list_of_param_assignments](#list_of_param_assignments) -    \| [localparam](#localparam) [type_parameter_declaration](#type_parameter_declaration) -parameter\_declaration ::= -    [parameter](#parameter) [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) [list_of_param_assignments](#list_of_param_assignments) -    \| [parameter](#parameter) [type_parameter_declaration](#type_parameter_declaration) -type\_parameter\_declaration ::= [type](#type) \[ [forward_type](#forward_type) ] [list_of_type_assignments](#list_of_type_assignments) -specparam\_declaration ::= [specparam](#specparam) \[ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) ] [list_of_specparam_assignments](#list_of_specparam_assignments) `;` +local\_parameter\_declaration ::= +    [localparam](#localparam) [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) [list_of_param_assignments](#list_of_param_assignments) +    \| [localparam](#localparam) [type_parameter_declaration](#type_parameter_declaration) +parameter\_declaration ::= +    [parameter](#parameter) [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) [list_of_param_assignments](#list_of_param_assignments) +    \| [parameter](#parameter) [type_parameter_declaration](#type_parameter_declaration) +type\_parameter\_declaration ::= [type](#type) \[ [forward_type](#forward_type) ] [list_of_type_assignments](#list_of_type_assignments) +specparam\_declaration ::= [specparam](#specparam) \[ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) ] [list_of_specparam_assignments](#list_of_specparam_assignments) `;` #### A.2.1.2 Port declarations -inout\_declaration ::= -    [inout](#inout) [net_port_type](#net_port_type) [list_of_port_identifiers](#list_of_port_identifiers) -input\_declaration ::= -    [input](#input) [net_port_type](#net_port_type) [list_of_port_identifiers](#list_of_port_identifiers) -    \| [input](#input) [variable_port_type](#variable_port_type) [list_of_variable_identifiers](#list_of_variable_identifiers) -output\_declaration ::= -    [output](#output) [net_port_type](#net_port_type) [list_of_port_identifiers](#list_of_port_identifiers) -    \| [output](#output) [variable_port_type](#variable_port_type) [list_of_variable_port_identifiers](#list_of_variable_port_identifiers) -interface\_port\_declaration ::= -    [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) [list_of_interface_identifiers](#list_of_interface_identifiers) -    \| [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) [list_of_interface_identifiers](#list_of_interface_identifiers) -ref\_declaration ::= -    [ref](#ref) [variable_port_type](#variable_port_type) [list_of_variable_identifiers](#list_of_variable_identifiers) +inout\_declaration ::= +    [inout](#inout) [net_port_type](#net_port_type) [list_of_port_identifiers](#list_of_port_identifiers) +input\_declaration ::= +    [input](#input) [net_port_type](#net_port_type) [list_of_port_identifiers](#list_of_port_identifiers) +    \| [input](#input) [variable_port_type](#variable_port_type) [list_of_variable_identifiers](#list_of_variable_identifiers) +output\_declaration ::= +    [output](#output) [net_port_type](#net_port_type) [list_of_port_identifiers](#list_of_port_identifiers) +    \| [output](#output) [variable_port_type](#variable_port_type) [list_of_variable_port_identifiers](#list_of_variable_port_identifiers) +interface\_port\_declaration ::= +    [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) [list_of_interface_identifiers](#list_of_interface_identifiers) +    \| [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) [list_of_interface_identifiers](#list_of_interface_identifiers) +ref\_declaration ::= +    [ref](#ref) [variable_port_type](#variable_port_type) [list_of_variable_identifiers](#list_of_variable_identifiers) #### A.2.1.3 Type declarations -data\_declaration ::= -    \[ [const](#const) ] \[ [var](#var) ] \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) [list_of_variable_decl_assignments](#list_of_variable_decl_assignments) `;`[14](#14) -    \| [type_declaration](#type_declaration) -    \| [package_import_declaration15](#package_import_declaration15) -    \| [nettype_declaration](#nettype_declaration) -package\_import\_declaration ::= -    [import](#import) [package_import_item](#package_import_item) \{ `,` [package_import_item](#package_import_item) } `;` -package\_export\_declaration ::= -    [export](#export) `*::*` `;` -    \| [export](#export) [package_import_item](#package_import_item) \{ `,` [package_import_item](#package_import_item) } `;` -package\_import\_item ::= -    [package_identifier](#package_identifier) `::` [identifier](#identifier) -    \| [package_identifier](#package_identifier) `::` `*` -genvar\_declaration ::= [genvar](#genvar) [list_of_genvar_identifiers](#list_of_genvar_identifiers) `;` -net\_declaration16 ::= -    [net_type](#net_type) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) \| [charge_strength](#charge_strength) ] \[ [vectored](#vectored) \| [scalared](#scalared) ] -    [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [list_of_net_decl_assignments](#list_of_net_decl_assignments) `;` -    \| [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) \[ [delay_control](#delay_control) ] [list_of_net_decl_assignments](#list_of_net_decl_assignments) `;` -    \| [interconnect](#interconnect) [implicit_data_type](#implicit_data_type) \[ `#` [delay_value](#delay_value) ] -    [net_identifier](#net_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } \[ `,` [net_identifier](#net_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } ] `;` -type\_declaration ::= -    [typedef](#typedef) [data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type](#data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type) [type_identifier](#type_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } `;` -    \| [typedef](#typedef) [interface_port_identifier](#interface_port_identifier) [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) `.` [type_identifier](#type_identifier) [type_identifier](#type_identifier) `;` -    \| [typedef](#typedef) \[ [forward_type](#forward_type) ] [type_identifier](#type_identifier) `;` -forward\_type ::= [enum](#enum) \| [struct](#struct) \| [union](#union) \| [class](#class) \| [interface](#interface) [class](#class) -nettype\_declaration ::= -    [nettype](#nettype) [data_type](#data_type) [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) \[ [with](#with) \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [tf_identifier](#tf_identifier) ] `;` -    \| [nettype](#nettype) \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) `;` -lifetime ::= [static](#static) \| [automatic](#automatic) +data\_declaration ::= +    \[ [const](#const) ] \[ [var](#var) ] \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) [list_of_variable_decl_assignments](#list_of_variable_decl_assignments) `;`[14](#14) +    \| [type_declaration](#type_declaration) +    \| [package_import_declaration15](#package_import_declaration15) +    \| [nettype_declaration](#nettype_declaration) +package\_import\_declaration ::= +    [import](#import) [package_import_item](#package_import_item) \{ `,` [package_import_item](#package_import_item) } `;` +package\_export\_declaration ::= +    [export](#export) `*::*` `;` +    \| [export](#export) [package_import_item](#package_import_item) \{ `,` [package_import_item](#package_import_item) } `;` +package\_import\_item ::= +    [package_identifier](#package_identifier) `::` [identifier](#identifier) +    \| [package_identifier](#package_identifier) `::` `*` +genvar\_declaration ::= [genvar](#genvar) [list_of_genvar_identifiers](#list_of_genvar_identifiers) `;` +net\_declaration16 ::= +    [net_type](#net_type) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) \| [charge_strength](#charge_strength) ] \[ [vectored](#vectored) \| [scalared](#scalared) ] +    [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [list_of_net_decl_assignments](#list_of_net_decl_assignments) `;` +    \| [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) \[ [delay_control](#delay_control) ] [list_of_net_decl_assignments](#list_of_net_decl_assignments) `;` +    \| [interconnect](#interconnect) [implicit_data_type](#implicit_data_type) \[ `#` [delay_value](#delay_value) ] +    [net_identifier](#net_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } \[ `,` [net_identifier](#net_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } ] `;` +type\_declaration ::= +    [typedef](#typedef) [data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type](#data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type) [type_identifier](#type_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } `;` +    \| [typedef](#typedef) [interface_port_identifier](#interface_port_identifier) [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) `.` [type_identifier](#type_identifier) [type_identifier](#type_identifier) `;` +    \| [typedef](#typedef) \[ [forward_type](#forward_type) ] [type_identifier](#type_identifier) `;` +forward\_type ::= [enum](#enum) \| [struct](#struct) \| [union](#union) \| [class](#class) \| [interface](#interface) [class](#class) +nettype\_declaration ::= +    [nettype](#nettype) [data_type](#data_type) [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) \[ [with](#with) \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [tf_identifier](#tf_identifier) ] `;` +    \| [nettype](#nettype) \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) `;` +lifetime ::= [static](#static) \| [automatic](#automatic) ### A.2.2 Declaration data types #### A.2.2.1 Net and variable types -casting\_type ::= -    [simple_type](#simple_type) -    \| [constant_primary](#constant_primary) -    \| [signing](#signing) -    \| [string](#string) -    \| [const](#const) -data\_type ::= -    [integer_vector_type](#integer_vector_type) \[ [signing](#signing) ] \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) } -    \| [integer_atom_type](#integer_atom_type) \[ [signing](#signing) ] -    \| [non_integer_type](#non_integer_type) -    \| [struct_union](#struct_union) \[ [packed](#packed) \[ [signing](#signing) ] ] \{ [struct_union_member](#struct_union_member) \{ [struct_union_member](#struct_union_member) } } -    \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) }[17](#17) -    \| [enum](#enum) \[ [enum_base_type](#enum_base_type) ] \{ [enum_name_declaration](#enum_name_declaration) \{ `,` [enum_name_declaration](#enum_name_declaration) } } -    \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) } -    \| [string](#string) -    \| [chandle](#chandle) -    \| [virtual](#virtual) \[ [interface](#interface) ] [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] \[ `.` [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) ] -    \| \[ [class_scope](#class_scope) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [type_identifier](#type_identifier) \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) } -    \| [class_type](#class_type) -    \| [event](#event) -    \| [ps_covergroup_identifier](#ps_covergroup_identifier) -    \| [type_reference18](#type_reference18) -data\_type\_or\_implicit ::= -    [data_type](#data_type) -    \| [implicit_data_type](#implicit_data_type) -implicit\_data\_type ::= \[ [signing](#signing) ] \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) } -enum\_base\_type ::= -    [integer_atom_type](#integer_atom_type) \[ [signing](#signing) ] -    \| [integer_vector_type](#integer_vector_type) \[ [signing](#signing) ] \[ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) ] -    \| [type_identifier](#type_identifier) \[ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) ][19](#19) -enum\_name\_declaration ::= -    [enum_identifier](#enum_identifier) \[ \[ [integral_number](#integral_number) \[ `:` [integral_number](#integral_number) ] ] ] \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] -class\_scope ::= [class_type](#class_type) `::` -class\_type ::= -    [ps_class_identifier](#ps_class_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] -    \{ `::` [class_identifier](#class_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] } -interface\_class\_type ::= [ps_class_identifier](#ps_class_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] -integer\_type ::= -    [integer_vector_type](#integer_vector_type) -    \| [integer_atom_type](#integer_atom_type) -integer\_atom\_type ::= [byte](#byte) \| [shortint](#shortint) \| [int](#int) \| [longint](#longint) \| [integer](#integer) \| [time](#time) -integer\_vector\_type ::= [bit](#bit) \| [logic](#logic) \| [reg](#reg) -non\_integer\_type ::= [shortreal](#shortreal) \| [real](#real) \| [realtime](#realtime) -net\_type ::= -    [supply0](#supply0) \| [supply1](#supply1) \| [tri](#tri) \| [triand](#triand) \| [trior](#trior) \| [trireg](#trireg) \| [tri0](#tri0) \| [tri1](#tri1) \| [uwire](#uwire) \| [wire](#wire) \| [wand](#wand) \| [wor](#wor) -net\_port\_type ::= -    \[ [net_type](#net_type) ] [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) -    \| [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) -    \| [interconnect](#interconnect) [implicit_data_type](#implicit_data_type) -variable\_port\_type ::= [var_data_type](#var_data_type) -var\_data\_type ::= -    [data_type](#data_type) -    \| [var](#var) [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) -signing ::= [signed](#signed) \| [unsigned](#unsigned) -simple\_type ::= -    [integer_type](#integer_type) -    \| [non_integer_type](#non_integer_type) -    \| [ps_type_identifier](#ps_type_identifier) -    \| [ps_parameter_identifier](#ps_parameter_identifier) -struct\_union ::= -    [struct](#struct) -    \| [union](#union) \[ [soft](#soft) \| [tagged](#tagged) ] -struct\_union\_member20 ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [random_qualifier](#random_qualifier) ] [data_type_or_void](#data_type_or_void) [list_of_variable_decl_assignments](#list_of_variable_decl_assignments) `;` -data\_type\_or\_void ::= -    [data_type](#data_type) -    \| [void](#void) -type\_reference ::= -    [type](#type) `(` [expression21](#expression21) `)` -    \| [type](#type) `(` [data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type](#data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type) `)` -data\_type\_or\_incomplete\_class\_scoped\_type ::= -    [data_type](#data_type) -    \| [incomplete_class_scoped_type](#incomplete_class_scoped_type) -    [incomplete_class_scoped_type](#incomplete_class_scoped_type) `::` `=` -    [type_identifier](#type_identifier) `::` [type_identifier_or_class_type](#type_identifier_or_class_type) -    \| [incomplete_class_scoped_type](#incomplete_class_scoped_type) `::` [type_identifier_or_class_type](#type_identifier_or_class_type) -type\_identifier\_or\_class\_type ::= -    [type_identifier](#type_identifier) -    \| [class_type](#class_type) +casting\_type ::= +    [simple_type](#simple_type) +    \| [constant_primary](#constant_primary) +    \| [signing](#signing) +    \| [string](#string) +    \| [const](#const) +data\_type ::= +    [integer_vector_type](#integer_vector_type) \[ [signing](#signing) ] \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) } +    \| [integer_atom_type](#integer_atom_type) \[ [signing](#signing) ] +    \| [non_integer_type](#non_integer_type) +    \| [struct_union](#struct_union) \[ [packed](#packed) \[ [signing](#signing) ] ] \{ [struct_union_member](#struct_union_member) \{ [struct_union_member](#struct_union_member) } } +    \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) }[17](#17) +    \| [enum](#enum) \[ [enum_base_type](#enum_base_type) ] \{ [enum_name_declaration](#enum_name_declaration) \{ `,` [enum_name_declaration](#enum_name_declaration) } } +    \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) } +    \| [string](#string) +    \| [chandle](#chandle) +    \| [virtual](#virtual) \[ [interface](#interface) ] [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] \[ `.` [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) ] +    \| \[ [class_scope](#class_scope) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [type_identifier](#type_identifier) \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) } +    \| [class_type](#class_type) +    \| [event](#event) +    \| [ps_covergroup_identifier](#ps_covergroup_identifier) +    \| [type_reference18](#type_reference18) +data\_type\_or\_implicit ::= +    [data_type](#data_type) +    \| [implicit_data_type](#implicit_data_type) +implicit\_data\_type ::= \[ [signing](#signing) ] \{ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) } +enum\_base\_type ::= +    [integer_atom_type](#integer_atom_type) \[ [signing](#signing) ] +    \| [integer_vector_type](#integer_vector_type) \[ [signing](#signing) ] \[ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) ] +    \| [type_identifier](#type_identifier) \[ [packed_dimension](#packed_dimension) ][19](#19) +enum\_name\_declaration ::= +    [enum_identifier](#enum_identifier) \[ \[ [integral_number](#integral_number) \[ `:` [integral_number](#integral_number) ] ] ] \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] +class\_scope ::= [class_type](#class_type) `::` +class\_type ::= +    [ps_class_identifier](#ps_class_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] +    \{ `::` [class_identifier](#class_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] } +interface\_class\_type ::= [ps_class_identifier](#ps_class_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] +integer\_type ::= +    [integer_vector_type](#integer_vector_type) +    \| [integer_atom_type](#integer_atom_type) +integer\_atom\_type ::= [byte](#byte) \| [shortint](#shortint) \| [int](#int) \| [longint](#longint) \| [integer](#integer) \| [time](#time) +integer\_vector\_type ::= [bit](#bit) \| [logic](#logic) \| [reg](#reg) +non\_integer\_type ::= [shortreal](#shortreal) \| [real](#real) \| [realtime](#realtime) +net\_type ::= +    [supply0](#supply0) \| [supply1](#supply1) \| [tri](#tri) \| [triand](#triand) \| [trior](#trior) \| [trireg](#trireg) \| [tri0](#tri0) \| [tri1](#tri1) \| [uwire](#uwire) \| [wire](#wire) \| [wand](#wand) \| [wor](#wor) +net\_port\_type ::= +    \[ [net_type](#net_type) ] [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) +    \| [nettype_identifier](#nettype_identifier) +    \| [interconnect](#interconnect) [implicit_data_type](#implicit_data_type) +variable\_port\_type ::= [var_data_type](#var_data_type) +var\_data\_type ::= +    [data_type](#data_type) +    \| [var](#var) [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) +signing ::= [signed](#signed) \| [unsigned](#unsigned) +simple\_type ::= +    [integer_type](#integer_type) +    \| [non_integer_type](#non_integer_type) +    \| [ps_type_identifier](#ps_type_identifier) +    \| [ps_parameter_identifier](#ps_parameter_identifier) +struct\_union ::= +    [struct](#struct) +    \| [union](#union) \[ [soft](#soft) \| [tagged](#tagged) ] +struct\_union\_member20 ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [random_qualifier](#random_qualifier) ] [data_type_or_void](#data_type_or_void) [list_of_variable_decl_assignments](#list_of_variable_decl_assignments) `;` +data\_type\_or\_void ::= +    [data_type](#data_type) +    \| [void](#void) +type\_reference ::= +    [type](#type) `(` [expression21](#expression21) `)` +    \| [type](#type) `(` [data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type](#data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type) `)` +data\_type\_or\_incomplete\_class\_scoped\_type ::= +    [data_type](#data_type) +    \| [incomplete_class_scoped_type](#incomplete_class_scoped_type) +    [incomplete_class_scoped_type](#incomplete_class_scoped_type) `::` `=` +    [type_identifier](#type_identifier) `::` [type_identifier_or_class_type](#type_identifier_or_class_type) +    \| [incomplete_class_scoped_type](#incomplete_class_scoped_type) `::` [type_identifier_or_class_type](#type_identifier_or_class_type) +type\_identifier\_or\_class\_type ::= +    [type_identifier](#type_identifier) +    \| [class_type](#class_type) #### A.2.2.2 Strengths -drive\_strength ::= -    `(` [strength0](#strength0) `,` [strength1](#strength1) `)` -    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `,` [strength0](#strength0) `)` -    \| `(` [strength0](#strength0) `,` [highz1](#highz1) `)` -    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `,` [highz0](#highz0) `)` -    \| `(` [highz0](#highz0) `,` [strength1](#strength1) `)` -    \| `(` [highz1](#highz1) `,` [strength0](#strength0) `)` -strength0 ::= [supply0](#supply0) \| [strong0](#strong0) \| [pull0](#pull0) \| [weak0](#weak0) -strength1 ::= [supply1](#supply1) \| [strong1](#strong1) \| [pull1](#pull1) \| [weak1](#weak1) -charge\_strength ::= `(` [small](#small) `)` \| `(` [medium](#medium) `)` \| `(` [large](#large) `)` +drive\_strength ::= +    `(` [strength0](#strength0) `,` [strength1](#strength1) `)` +    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `,` [strength0](#strength0) `)` +    \| `(` [strength0](#strength0) `,` [highz1](#highz1) `)` +    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `,` [highz0](#highz0) `)` +    \| `(` [highz0](#highz0) `,` [strength1](#strength1) `)` +    \| `(` [highz1](#highz1) `,` [strength0](#strength0) `)` +strength0 ::= [supply0](#supply0) \| [strong0](#strong0) \| [pull0](#pull0) \| [weak0](#weak0) +strength1 ::= [supply1](#supply1) \| [strong1](#strong1) \| [pull1](#pull1) \| [weak1](#weak1) +charge\_strength ::= `(` [small](#small) `)` \| `(` [medium](#medium) `)` \| `(` [large](#large) `)` #### A.2.2.3 Delays -delay2 ::= -    `#` [delay_value](#delay_value) -    \| `#` `(` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) \[ `,` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) ] `)` -delay3 ::= -    `#` [delay_value](#delay_value) -    \| `#` `(` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) \[ `,` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) \[ `,` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) ] ] `)` -delay\_value ::= -    [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) -    \| [real_number](#real_number) -    \| [ps_identifier](#ps_identifier) -    \| [time_literal](#time_literal) -    \| [1step](#1step) +delay2 ::= +    `#` [delay_value](#delay_value) +    \| `#` `(` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) \[ `,` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) ] `)` +delay3 ::= +    `#` [delay_value](#delay_value) +    \| `#` `(` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) \[ `,` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) \[ `,` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) ] ] `)` +delay\_value ::= +    [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) +    \| [real_number](#real_number) +    \| [ps_identifier](#ps_identifier) +    \| [time_literal](#time_literal) +    \| [1step](#1step) ### A.2.3 Declaration lists -list\_of\_defparam\_assignments ::= [defparam_assignment](#defparam_assignment) \{ `,` [defparam_assignment](#defparam_assignment) } -list\_of\_genvar\_identifiers ::= [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) \{ `,` [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) } -list\_of\_interface\_identifiers ::= -    [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } \{ `,` [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } } -list\_of\_net\_decl\_assignments ::= [net_decl_assignment](#net_decl_assignment) \{ `,` [net_decl_assignment](#net_decl_assignment) } -list\_of\_param\_assignments ::= [param_assignment](#param_assignment) \{ `,` [param_assignment](#param_assignment) } -list\_of\_port\_identifiers ::= -    [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } \{ `,` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } } -list\_of\_udp\_port\_identifiers ::= [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ `,` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) } -list\_of\_specparam\_assignments ::= [specparam_assignment](#specparam_assignment) \{ `,` [specparam_assignment](#specparam_assignment) } -list\_of\_tf\_variable\_identifiers ::= -    [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] -    \{ `,` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] } -list\_of\_type\_assignments ::= [type_assignment](#type_assignment) \{ `,` [type_assignment](#type_assignment) } -list\_of\_variable\_decl\_assignments ::= [variable_decl_assignment](#variable_decl_assignment) \{ `,` [variable_decl_assignment](#variable_decl_assignment) } -list\_of\_variable\_identifiers ::= -    [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \{ `,` [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } } -list\_of\_variable\_port\_identifiers ::= -    [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] -    \{ `,` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] } +list\_of\_defparam\_assignments ::= [defparam_assignment](#defparam_assignment) \{ `,` [defparam_assignment](#defparam_assignment) } +list\_of\_genvar\_identifiers ::= [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) \{ `,` [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) } +list\_of\_interface\_identifiers ::= +    [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } \{ `,` [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } } +list\_of\_net\_decl\_assignments ::= [net_decl_assignment](#net_decl_assignment) \{ `,` [net_decl_assignment](#net_decl_assignment) } +list\_of\_param\_assignments ::= [param_assignment](#param_assignment) \{ `,` [param_assignment](#param_assignment) } +list\_of\_port\_identifiers ::= +    [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } \{ `,` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } } +list\_of\_udp\_port\_identifiers ::= [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ `,` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) } +list\_of\_specparam\_assignments ::= [specparam_assignment](#specparam_assignment) \{ `,` [specparam_assignment](#specparam_assignment) } +list\_of\_tf\_variable\_identifiers ::= +    [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] +    \{ `,` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] } +list\_of\_type\_assignments ::= [type_assignment](#type_assignment) \{ `,` [type_assignment](#type_assignment) } +list\_of\_variable\_decl\_assignments ::= [variable_decl_assignment](#variable_decl_assignment) \{ `,` [variable_decl_assignment](#variable_decl_assignment) } +list\_of\_variable\_identifiers ::= +    [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \{ `,` [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } } +list\_of\_variable\_port\_identifiers ::= +    [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] +    \{ `,` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] } ### A.2.4 Declaration assignments -defparam\_assignment ::= [hierarchical_parameter_identifier](#hierarchical_parameter_identifier) `=` [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) -net\_decl\_assignment ::= [net_identifier](#net_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] -param\_assignment ::= [parameter_identifier](#parameter_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [constant_param_expression](#constant_param_expression) ][22](#22) -specparam\_assignment ::= -    [specparam_identifier](#specparam_identifier) `=` [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) -    \| [pulse_control_specparam](#pulse_control_specparam) -pulse\_control\_specparam ::= -    [PATHPULSE](#PATHPULSE)`$` `=` `(` [reject_limit_value](#reject_limit_value) \[ `,` [error_limit_value](#error_limit_value) ] `)` -    \| [PATHPULSE](#PATHPULSE)`$`[specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor)`$`[specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) -    `=` `(` [reject_limit_value](#reject_limit_value) \[ `,` [error_limit_value](#error_limit_value) ] `)` -error\_limit\_value ::= [limit_value](#limit_value) -reject\_limit\_value ::= [limit_value](#limit_value) -limit\_value ::= [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) -type\_assignment ::= [type_identifier](#type_identifier) \[ `=` [data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type](#data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type) ][22](#22) -variable\_decl\_assignment ::= -    [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] -    \| [dynamic_array_variable_identifier](#dynamic_array_variable_identifier) [unsized_dimension](#unsized_dimension) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } -    \[ `=` [dynamic_array_new](#dynamic_array_new) ] -    \| [class_variable_identifier](#class_variable_identifier) \[ `=` [class_new](#class_new) ] -class\_new23 ::= -    \[ [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [new](#new) \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] -    \| [new](#new) [expression](#expression) -dynamic\_array\_new ::= [new](#new) \[ [expression](#expression) ] \[ `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +defparam\_assignment ::= [hierarchical_parameter_identifier](#hierarchical_parameter_identifier) `=` [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) +net\_decl\_assignment ::= [net_identifier](#net_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] +param\_assignment ::= [parameter_identifier](#parameter_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [constant_param_expression](#constant_param_expression) ][22](#22) +specparam\_assignment ::= +    [specparam_identifier](#specparam_identifier) `=` [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) +    \| [pulse_control_specparam](#pulse_control_specparam) +pulse\_control\_specparam ::= +    [PATHPULSE](#PATHPULSE)`$` `=` `(` [reject_limit_value](#reject_limit_value) \[ `,` [error_limit_value](#error_limit_value) ] `)` +    \| [PATHPULSE](#PATHPULSE)`$`[specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor)`$`[specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) +    `=` `(` [reject_limit_value](#reject_limit_value) \[ `,` [error_limit_value](#error_limit_value) ] `)` +error\_limit\_value ::= [limit_value](#limit_value) +reject\_limit\_value ::= [limit_value](#limit_value) +limit\_value ::= [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) +type\_assignment ::= [type_identifier](#type_identifier) \[ `=` [data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type](#data_type_or_incomplete_class_scoped_type) ][22](#22) +variable\_decl\_assignment ::= +    [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] +    \| [dynamic_array_variable_identifier](#dynamic_array_variable_identifier) [unsized_dimension](#unsized_dimension) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } +    \[ `=` [dynamic_array_new](#dynamic_array_new) ] +    \| [class_variable_identifier](#class_variable_identifier) \[ `=` [class_new](#class_new) ] +class\_new23 ::= +    \[ [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [new](#new) \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] +    \| [new](#new) [expression](#expression) +dynamic\_array\_new ::= [new](#new) \[ [expression](#expression) ] \[ `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] ### A.2.5 Declaration ranges -unpacked\_dimension ::= -    \[ [constant_range](#constant_range) ] -    \| \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] -packed\_dimension24 ::= -    \[ [constant_range](#constant_range) ] -    \| [unsized_dimension](#unsized_dimension) -associative\_dimension ::= -    \[ [data_type](#data_type) ] -    \| \[ `*` ] -variable\_dimension ::= -    [unsized_dimension](#unsized_dimension) -    \| [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) -    \| [associative_dimension](#associative_dimension) -    \| [queue_dimension](#queue_dimension) -queue\_dimension ::= \[ `$` \[ `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] ] -unsized\_dimension ::= \[ ] +unpacked\_dimension ::= +    \[ [constant_range](#constant_range) ] +    \| \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] +packed\_dimension24 ::= +    \[ [constant_range](#constant_range) ] +    \| [unsized_dimension](#unsized_dimension) +associative\_dimension ::= +    \[ [data_type](#data_type) ] +    \| \[ `*` ] +variable\_dimension ::= +    [unsized_dimension](#unsized_dimension) +    \| [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) +    \| [associative_dimension](#associative_dimension) +    \| [queue_dimension](#queue_dimension) +queue\_dimension ::= \[ `$` \[ `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] ] +unsized\_dimension ::= \[ ] ### A.2.6 Function declarations -function\_data\_type\_or\_implicit ::= -    [data_type_or_void](#data_type_or_void) -    \| [implicit_data_type](#implicit_data_type) -function\_declaration ::= -    [function](#function) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][25](#25) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [function_body_declaration](#function_body_declaration) -function\_body\_declaration ::= -    [function_data_type_or_implicit](#function_data_type_or_implicit) -    \[ [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [function_identifier](#function_identifier) `;` -    \{ [tf_item_declaration](#tf_item_declaration) } -    \{ [function_statement_or_null](#function_statement_or_null) } -    [endfunction](#endfunction) \[ `:` [function_identifier](#function_identifier) ] -    \| [function_data_type_or_implicit](#function_data_type_or_implicit) -    \[ [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [function_identifier](#function_identifier) `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` `;` -    \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } -    \{ [function_statement_or_null](#function_statement_or_null) } -    [endfunction](#endfunction) \[ `:` [function_identifier](#function_identifier) ] -function\_prototype ::= -    [function](#function) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][25](#25) [data_type_or_void](#data_type_or_void) [function_identifier](#function_identifier) -    \[ `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` ] -dpi\_import\_export ::= -    [import](#import) [dpi_spec_string](#dpi_spec_string) \[ [dpi_function_import_property](#dpi_function_import_property) ] \[ [c_identifier](#c_identifier) `=` ] [dpi_function_proto](#dpi_function_proto) `;` -    \| [import](#import) [dpi_spec_string](#dpi_spec_string) \[ [dpi_task_import_property](#dpi_task_import_property) ] \[ [c_identifier](#c_identifier) `=` ] [dpi_task_proto](#dpi_task_proto) `;` -    \| [export](#export) [dpi_spec_string](#dpi_spec_string) \[ [c_identifier](#c_identifier) `=` ] [function](#function) [function_identifier](#function_identifier) `;` -    \| [export](#export) [dpi_spec_string](#dpi_spec_string) \[ [c_identifier](#c_identifier) `=` ] [task](#task) [task_identifier](#task_identifier) `;` -dpi\_spec\_string ::= `"`[DPI](#DPI)`-`[C](#C)`"` \| `"`[DPI](#DPI)`"` -dpi\_function\_import\_property ::= [context](#context) \| [pure](#pure) -dpi\_task\_import\_property ::= [context](#context) -    [dpi_function_proto26](#dpi_function_proto26)`,` -27 ::= [function_prototype](#function_prototype) -dpi\_task\_proto27 ::= [task_prototype](#task_prototype) +function\_data\_type\_or\_implicit ::= +    [data_type_or_void](#data_type_or_void) +    \| [implicit_data_type](#implicit_data_type) +function\_declaration ::= +    [function](#function) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][25](#25) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [function_body_declaration](#function_body_declaration) +function\_body\_declaration ::= +    [function_data_type_or_implicit](#function_data_type_or_implicit) +    \[ [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [function_identifier](#function_identifier) `;` +    \{ [tf_item_declaration](#tf_item_declaration) } +    \{ [function_statement_or_null](#function_statement_or_null) } +    [endfunction](#endfunction) \[ `:` [function_identifier](#function_identifier) ] +    \| [function_data_type_or_implicit](#function_data_type_or_implicit) +    \[ [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [function_identifier](#function_identifier) `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` `;` +    \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } +    \{ [function_statement_or_null](#function_statement_or_null) } +    [endfunction](#endfunction) \[ `:` [function_identifier](#function_identifier) ] +function\_prototype ::= +    [function](#function) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][25](#25) [data_type_or_void](#data_type_or_void) [function_identifier](#function_identifier) +    \[ `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` ] +dpi\_import\_export ::= +    [import](#import) [dpi_spec_string](#dpi_spec_string) \[ [dpi_function_import_property](#dpi_function_import_property) ] \[ [c_identifier](#c_identifier) `=` ] [dpi_function_proto](#dpi_function_proto) `;` +    \| [import](#import) [dpi_spec_string](#dpi_spec_string) \[ [dpi_task_import_property](#dpi_task_import_property) ] \[ [c_identifier](#c_identifier) `=` ] [dpi_task_proto](#dpi_task_proto) `;` +    \| [export](#export) [dpi_spec_string](#dpi_spec_string) \[ [c_identifier](#c_identifier) `=` ] [function](#function) [function_identifier](#function_identifier) `;` +    \| [export](#export) [dpi_spec_string](#dpi_spec_string) \[ [c_identifier](#c_identifier) `=` ] [task](#task) [task_identifier](#task_identifier) `;` +dpi\_spec\_string ::= `"`[DPI](#DPI)`-`[C](#C)`"` \| `"`[DPI](#DPI)`"` +dpi\_function\_import\_property ::= [context](#context) \| [pure](#pure) +dpi\_task\_import\_property ::= [context](#context) +    [dpi_function_proto26](#dpi_function_proto26)`,` +27 ::= [function_prototype](#function_prototype) +dpi\_task\_proto27 ::= [task_prototype](#task_prototype) ### A.2.7 Task declarations -task\_declaration ::= [task](#task) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][25](#25) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [task_body_declaration](#task_body_declaration) -task\_body\_declaration ::= -    \[ [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [task_identifier](#task_identifier) `;` -    \{ [tf_item_declaration](#tf_item_declaration) } -    \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } -    [endtask](#endtask) \[ `:` [task_identifier](#task_identifier) ] -    \| \[ [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [task_identifier](#task_identifier) `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` `;` -    \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } -    \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } -    [endtask](#endtask) \[ `:` [task_identifier](#task_identifier) ] -tf\_item\_declaration ::= -    [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) -    \| [tf_port_declaration](#tf_port_declaration) -tf\_port\_list ::= [tf_port_item](#tf_port_item) \{ `,` [tf_port_item](#tf_port_item) } -tf\_port\_item28 ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [tf_port_direction](#tf_port_direction) ] \[ [var](#var) ] [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) -    \[ [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] ] -tf\_port\_direction ::= -    [port_direction](#port_direction) -    \| \[ [const](#const) ] [ref](#ref) \[ [static](#static) ] -tf\_port\_declaration ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [tf_port_direction](#tf_port_direction) \[ [var](#var) ] [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) [list_of_tf_variable_identifiers](#list_of_tf_variable_identifiers) `;` -task\_prototype ::= [task](#task) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][25](#25) [task_identifier](#task_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` ] -dynamic\_override\_specifiers ::= \[ [initial_or_extends_specifier](#initial_or_extends_specifier) ] \[ [final_specifier](#final_specifier) ] -initial\_or\_extends\_specifier ::= -    `:` [initial](#initial) -    \| `:` [extends](#extends) -final\_specifier ::= `:` [final](#final) +task\_declaration ::= [task](#task) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][25](#25) \[ [lifetime](#lifetime) ] [task_body_declaration](#task_body_declaration) +task\_body\_declaration ::= +    \[ [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [task_identifier](#task_identifier) `;` +    \{ [tf_item_declaration](#tf_item_declaration) } +    \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } +    [endtask](#endtask) \[ `:` [task_identifier](#task_identifier) ] +    \| \[ [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [task_identifier](#task_identifier) `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` `;` +    \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } +    \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } +    [endtask](#endtask) \[ `:` [task_identifier](#task_identifier) ] +tf\_item\_declaration ::= +    [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) +    \| [tf_port_declaration](#tf_port_declaration) +tf\_port\_list ::= [tf_port_item](#tf_port_item) \{ `,` [tf_port_item](#tf_port_item) } +tf\_port\_item28 ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [tf_port_direction](#tf_port_direction) ] \[ [var](#var) ] [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) +    \[ [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] ] +tf\_port\_direction ::= +    [port_direction](#port_direction) +    \| \[ [const](#const) ] [ref](#ref) \[ [static](#static) ] +tf\_port\_declaration ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [tf_port_direction](#tf_port_direction) \[ [var](#var) ] [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) [list_of_tf_variable_identifiers](#list_of_tf_variable_identifiers) `;` +task\_prototype ::= [task](#task) \[ [dynamic_override_specifiers](#dynamic_override_specifiers) ][25](#25) [task_identifier](#task_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` ] +dynamic\_override\_specifiers ::= \[ [initial_or_extends_specifier](#initial_or_extends_specifier) ] \[ [final_specifier](#final_specifier) ] +initial\_or\_extends\_specifier ::= +    `:` [initial](#initial) +    \| `:` [extends](#extends) +final\_specifier ::= `:` [final](#final) ### A.2.8 Block item declarations -block\_item\_declaration ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [data_declaration](#data_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [parameter_declaration](#parameter_declaration) `;` -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [let_declaration](#let_declaration) +block\_item\_declaration ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [data_declaration](#data_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [local_parameter_declaration](#local_parameter_declaration) `;` +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [parameter_declaration](#parameter_declaration) `;` +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [let_declaration](#let_declaration) ### A.2.9 Interface declarations -modport\_declaration ::= [modport](#modport) [modport_item](#modport_item) \{ `,` [modport_item](#modport_item) } `;` -modport\_item ::= [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) `(` [modport_ports_declaration](#modport_ports_declaration) \{ `,` [modport_ports_declaration](#modport_ports_declaration) } `)` -modport\_ports\_declaration ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [modport_simple_ports_declaration](#modport_simple_ports_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [modport_tf_ports_declaration](#modport_tf_ports_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [modport_clocking_declaration](#modport_clocking_declaration) -modport\_clocking\_declaration ::= [clocking](#clocking) [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) -modport\_simple\_ports\_declaration ::= [port_direction](#port_direction) [modport_simple_port](#modport_simple_port) \{ `,` [modport_simple_port](#modport_simple_port) } -modport\_simple\_port ::= -    [port_identifier](#port_identifier) -    \| `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` -modport\_tf\_ports\_declaration ::= [import_export](#import_export) [modport_tf_port](#modport_tf_port) \{ `,` [modport_tf_port](#modport_tf_port) } -modport\_tf\_port ::= -    [method_prototype](#method_prototype) -    \| [tf_identifier](#tf_identifier) -import\_export ::= [import](#import) \| [export](#export) +modport\_declaration ::= [modport](#modport) [modport_item](#modport_item) \{ `,` [modport_item](#modport_item) } `;` +modport\_item ::= [modport_identifier](#modport_identifier) `(` [modport_ports_declaration](#modport_ports_declaration) \{ `,` [modport_ports_declaration](#modport_ports_declaration) } `)` +modport\_ports\_declaration ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [modport_simple_ports_declaration](#modport_simple_ports_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [modport_tf_ports_declaration](#modport_tf_ports_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [modport_clocking_declaration](#modport_clocking_declaration) +modport\_clocking\_declaration ::= [clocking](#clocking) [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) +modport\_simple\_ports\_declaration ::= [port_direction](#port_direction) [modport_simple_port](#modport_simple_port) \{ `,` [modport_simple_port](#modport_simple_port) } +modport\_simple\_port ::= +    [port_identifier](#port_identifier) +    \| `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` +modport\_tf\_ports\_declaration ::= [import_export](#import_export) [modport_tf_port](#modport_tf_port) \{ `,` [modport_tf_port](#modport_tf_port) } +modport\_tf\_port ::= +    [method_prototype](#method_prototype) +    \| [tf_identifier](#tf_identifier) +import\_export ::= [import](#import) \| [export](#export) ### A.2.10 Assertion declarations -concurrent\_assertion\_item ::= -    \[ [block_identifier](#block_identifier) `:` ] [concurrent_assertion_statement](#concurrent_assertion_statement) -    \| [checker_instantiation](#checker_instantiation) -concurrent\_assertion\_statement ::= -    [assert_property_statement](#assert_property_statement) -    \| [assume_property_statement](#assume_property_statement) -    \| [cover_property_statement](#cover_property_statement) -    \| [cover_sequence_statement](#cover_sequence_statement) -    \| [restrict_property_statement](#restrict_property_statement) -assert\_property\_statement ::= -    [assert](#assert) [property](#property) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -assume\_property\_statement ::= -    [assume](#assume) [property](#property) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -cover\_property\_statement ::= -    [cover](#cover) [property](#property) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -expect\_property\_statement ::= -    [expect](#expect) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -cover\_sequence\_statement ::= -    [cover](#cover) [sequence](#sequence) `(` \[ [clocking_event](#clocking_event) ] \[ [disable](#disable) [iff](#iff) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` ] [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `)` -    [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -restrict\_property\_statement ::= -    [restrict](#restrict) [property](#property) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` `;` -property\_instance ::= [ps_or_hierarchical_property_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_property_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [property_list_of_arguments](#property_list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] -property\_list\_of\_arguments ::= -    \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] \{ `,` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] } \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] `)` } -    \| `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] `)` \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] `)` } -property\_actual\_arg ::= -    [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) -assertion\_item\_declaration ::= -    [property_declaration](#property_declaration) -    \| [sequence_declaration](#sequence_declaration) -    \| [let_declaration](#let_declaration) -property\_declaration ::= -    [property](#property) [property_identifier](#property_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [property_port_list](#property_port_list) ] `)` ] `;` -    \{ [assertion_variable_declaration](#assertion_variable_declaration) } -    [property_spec](#property_spec) \[ `;` ] -    [endproperty](#endproperty) \[ `:` [property_identifier](#property_identifier) ] -property\_port\_list ::= [property_port_item](#property_port_item) \{ `,` [property_port_item](#property_port_item) } -property\_port\_item ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [local](#local) \[ [property_lvar_port_direction](#property_lvar_port_direction) ] ] [property_formal_type](#property_formal_type) -    [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] -property\_lvar\_port\_direction ::= [input](#input) -property\_formal\_type ::= -    [sequence_formal_type](#sequence_formal_type) -    \| [property](#property) -property\_spec ::= \[ [clocking_event](#clocking_event) ] \[ [disable](#disable) [iff](#iff) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` ] [property_expr](#property_expr) -property\_expr ::= -    [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) -    \| [strong](#strong) `(` [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `)` -    \| [weak](#weak) `(` [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `)` -    \| `(` [property_expr](#property_expr) `)` -    \| [not](#not) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [or](#or) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [and](#and) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `|->` [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `|=>` [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [if](#if) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) \[ [else](#else) [property_expr](#property_expr) ] -    \| [case](#case) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_case_item](#property_case_item) \{ [property_case_item](#property_case_item) } [endcase](#endcase) -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `#-#` [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `#=#` [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [nexttime](#nexttime) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [nexttime](#nexttime) \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [s_nexttime](#s_nexttime) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [s_nexttime](#s_nexttime) \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [always](#always) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [always](#always) \[ [cycle_delay_const_range_expression](#cycle_delay_const_range_expression) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [s_always](#s_always) \[ [constant_range](#constant_range) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [s_eventually](#s_eventually) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [eventually](#eventually) \[ [constant_range](#constant_range) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [s_eventually](#s_eventually) \[ [cycle_delay_const_range_expression](#cycle_delay_const_range_expression) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [until](#until) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [s_until](#s_until) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [until_with](#until_with) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [s_until_with](#s_until_with) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [implies](#implies) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [iff](#iff) [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [accept_on](#accept_on) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [reject_on](#reject_on) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [sync_accept_on](#sync_accept_on) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [sync_reject_on](#sync_reject_on) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) -    \| [property_instance](#property_instance) -    \| [clocking_event](#clocking_event) [property_expr](#property_expr) -property\_case\_item ::= -    [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) \{ `,` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) } `:` [property_expr](#property_expr) `;` -    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [property_expr](#property_expr) `;` -sequence\_declaration ::= -    [sequence](#sequence) [sequence_identifier](#sequence_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [sequence_port_list](#sequence_port_list) ] `)` ] `;` -    \{ [assertion_variable_declaration](#assertion_variable_declaration) } -    [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \[ `;` ] -    [endsequence](#endsequence) \[ `:` [sequence_identifier](#sequence_identifier) ] -sequence\_port\_list ::= [sequence_port_item](#sequence_port_item) \{ `,` [sequence_port_item](#sequence_port_item) } -sequence\_port\_item ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [local](#local) \[ [sequence_lvar_port_direction](#sequence_lvar_port_direction) ] ] [sequence_formal_type](#sequence_formal_type) -    [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] -sequence\_lvar\_port\_direction ::= [input](#input) \| [inout](#inout) \| [output](#output) -sequence\_formal\_type ::= -    [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) -    \| [sequence](#sequence) -    \| [untyped](#untyped) -sequence\_expr ::= -    [cycle_delay_range](#cycle_delay_range) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \{ [cycle_delay_range](#cycle_delay_range) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) } -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [cycle_delay_range](#cycle_delay_range) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \{ [cycle_delay_range](#cycle_delay_range) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) } -    \| [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) \[ [boolean_abbrev](#boolean_abbrev) ] -    \| [sequence_instance](#sequence_instance) \[ [sequence_abbrev](#sequence_abbrev) ] -    \| `(` [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \{ `,` [sequence_match_item](#sequence_match_item) } `)` \[ [sequence_abbrev](#sequence_abbrev) ] -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [and](#and) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [intersect](#intersect) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [or](#or) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) -    \| [first_match](#first_match) `(` [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \{ `,` [sequence_match_item](#sequence_match_item) } `)` -    \| [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) [throughout](#throughout) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [within](#within) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) -    \| [clocking_event](#clocking_event) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) -cycle\_delay\_range ::= -    `##` [constant_primary](#constant_primary) -    \| `##` \[ [cycle_delay_const_range_expression](#cycle_delay_const_range_expression) ] -    \| `##[*]` -    \| `##[+]` -sequence\_method\_call ::= [sequence_instance](#sequence_instance) `.` [method_identifier](#method_identifier) -sequence\_match\_item ::= -    [operator_assignment](#operator_assignment) -    \| [inc_or_dec_expression](#inc_or_dec_expression) -    \| [subroutine_call](#subroutine_call) -sequence\_instance ::= [ps_or_hierarchical_sequence_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_sequence_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [sequence_list_of_arguments](#sequence_list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] -sequence\_list\_of\_arguments ::= -    \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] \{ `,` \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] } \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] `)` } -    \| `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] `)` \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] `)` } -sequence\_actual\_arg ::= -    [event_expression](#event_expression) -    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) -    \| `$` -boolean\_abbrev ::= -    [consecutive_repetition](#consecutive_repetition) -    \| [nonconsecutive_repetition](#nonconsecutive_repetition) -    \| [goto_repetition](#goto_repetition) -sequence\_abbrev ::= [consecutive_repetition](#consecutive_repetition) -consecutive\_repetition ::= -    `[*` [const_or_range_expression](#const_or_range_expression) ] -    \| `[*]` -    \| `[+]` -nonconsecutive\_repetition ::= `[=` [const_or_range_expression](#const_or_range_expression) ] -goto\_repetition ::= `[->` [const_or_range_expression](#const_or_range_expression) ] -const\_or\_range\_expression ::= -    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -    \| [cycle_delay_const_range_expression](#cycle_delay_const_range_expression) -cycle\_delay\_const\_range\_expression ::= -    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` `$` -assertion\_variable\_declaration ::= [var_data_type](#var_data_type) [list_of_variable_decl_assignments](#list_of_variable_decl_assignments) `;` +concurrent\_assertion\_item ::= +    \[ [block_identifier](#block_identifier) `:` ] [concurrent_assertion_statement](#concurrent_assertion_statement) +    \| [checker_instantiation](#checker_instantiation) +concurrent\_assertion\_statement ::= +    [assert_property_statement](#assert_property_statement) +    \| [assume_property_statement](#assume_property_statement) +    \| [cover_property_statement](#cover_property_statement) +    \| [cover_sequence_statement](#cover_sequence_statement) +    \| [restrict_property_statement](#restrict_property_statement) +assert\_property\_statement ::= +    [assert](#assert) [property](#property) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +assume\_property\_statement ::= +    [assume](#assume) [property](#property) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +cover\_property\_statement ::= +    [cover](#cover) [property](#property) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +expect\_property\_statement ::= +    [expect](#expect) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +cover\_sequence\_statement ::= +    [cover](#cover) [sequence](#sequence) `(` \[ [clocking_event](#clocking_event) ] \[ [disable](#disable) [iff](#iff) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` ] [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `)` +    [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +restrict\_property\_statement ::= +    [restrict](#restrict) [property](#property) `(` [property_spec](#property_spec) `)` `;` +property\_instance ::= [ps_or_hierarchical_property_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_property_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [property_list_of_arguments](#property_list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] +property\_list\_of\_arguments ::= +    \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] \{ `,` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] } \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] `)` } +    \| `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] `)` \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] `)` } +property\_actual\_arg ::= +    [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) +assertion\_item\_declaration ::= +    [property_declaration](#property_declaration) +    \| [sequence_declaration](#sequence_declaration) +    \| [let_declaration](#let_declaration) +property\_declaration ::= +    [property](#property) [property_identifier](#property_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [property_port_list](#property_port_list) ] `)` ] `;` +    \{ [assertion_variable_declaration](#assertion_variable_declaration) } +    [property_spec](#property_spec) \[ `;` ] +    [endproperty](#endproperty) \[ `:` [property_identifier](#property_identifier) ] +property\_port\_list ::= [property_port_item](#property_port_item) \{ `,` [property_port_item](#property_port_item) } +property\_port\_item ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [local](#local) \[ [property_lvar_port_direction](#property_lvar_port_direction) ] ] [property_formal_type](#property_formal_type) +    [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] +property\_lvar\_port\_direction ::= [input](#input) +property\_formal\_type ::= +    [sequence_formal_type](#sequence_formal_type) +    \| [property](#property) +property\_spec ::= \[ [clocking_event](#clocking_event) ] \[ [disable](#disable) [iff](#iff) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` ] [property_expr](#property_expr) +property\_expr ::= +    [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) +    \| [strong](#strong) `(` [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `)` +    \| [weak](#weak) `(` [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `)` +    \| `(` [property_expr](#property_expr) `)` +    \| [not](#not) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [or](#or) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [and](#and) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `|->` [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `|=>` [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [if](#if) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) \[ [else](#else) [property_expr](#property_expr) ] +    \| [case](#case) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_case_item](#property_case_item) \{ [property_case_item](#property_case_item) } [endcase](#endcase) +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `#-#` [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) `#=#` [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [nexttime](#nexttime) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [nexttime](#nexttime) \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [s_nexttime](#s_nexttime) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [s_nexttime](#s_nexttime) \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [always](#always) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [always](#always) \[ [cycle_delay_const_range_expression](#cycle_delay_const_range_expression) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [s_always](#s_always) \[ [constant_range](#constant_range) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [s_eventually](#s_eventually) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [eventually](#eventually) \[ [constant_range](#constant_range) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [s_eventually](#s_eventually) \[ [cycle_delay_const_range_expression](#cycle_delay_const_range_expression) ] [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [until](#until) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [s_until](#s_until) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [until_with](#until_with) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [s_until_with](#s_until_with) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [implies](#implies) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_expr](#property_expr) [iff](#iff) [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [accept_on](#accept_on) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [reject_on](#reject_on) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [sync_accept_on](#sync_accept_on) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [sync_reject_on](#sync_reject_on) `(` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) `)` [property_expr](#property_expr) +    \| [property_instance](#property_instance) +    \| [clocking_event](#clocking_event) [property_expr](#property_expr) +property\_case\_item ::= +    [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) \{ `,` [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) } `:` [property_expr](#property_expr) `;` +    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [property_expr](#property_expr) `;` +sequence\_declaration ::= +    [sequence](#sequence) [sequence_identifier](#sequence_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [sequence_port_list](#sequence_port_list) ] `)` ] `;` +    \{ [assertion_variable_declaration](#assertion_variable_declaration) } +    [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \[ `;` ] +    [endsequence](#endsequence) \[ `:` [sequence_identifier](#sequence_identifier) ] +sequence\_port\_list ::= [sequence_port_item](#sequence_port_item) \{ `,` [sequence_port_item](#sequence_port_item) } +sequence\_port\_item ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [local](#local) \[ [sequence_lvar_port_direction](#sequence_lvar_port_direction) ] ] [sequence_formal_type](#sequence_formal_type) +    [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] +sequence\_lvar\_port\_direction ::= [input](#input) \| [inout](#inout) \| [output](#output) +sequence\_formal\_type ::= +    [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) +    \| [sequence](#sequence) +    \| [untyped](#untyped) +sequence\_expr ::= +    [cycle_delay_range](#cycle_delay_range) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \{ [cycle_delay_range](#cycle_delay_range) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) } +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [cycle_delay_range](#cycle_delay_range) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \{ [cycle_delay_range](#cycle_delay_range) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) } +    \| [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) \[ [boolean_abbrev](#boolean_abbrev) ] +    \| [sequence_instance](#sequence_instance) \[ [sequence_abbrev](#sequence_abbrev) ] +    \| `(` [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \{ `,` [sequence_match_item](#sequence_match_item) } `)` \[ [sequence_abbrev](#sequence_abbrev) ] +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [and](#and) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [intersect](#intersect) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [or](#or) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) +    \| [first_match](#first_match) `(` [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) \{ `,` [sequence_match_item](#sequence_match_item) } `)` +    \| [expression_or_dist](#expression_or_dist) [throughout](#throughout) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) [within](#within) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) +    \| [clocking_event](#clocking_event) [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) +cycle\_delay\_range ::= +    `##` [constant_primary](#constant_primary) +    \| `##` \[ [cycle_delay_const_range_expression](#cycle_delay_const_range_expression) ] +    \| `##[*]` +    \| `##[+]` +sequence\_method\_call ::= [sequence_instance](#sequence_instance) `.` [method_identifier](#method_identifier) +sequence\_match\_item ::= +    [operator_assignment](#operator_assignment) +    \| [inc_or_dec_expression](#inc_or_dec_expression) +    \| [subroutine_call](#subroutine_call) +sequence\_instance ::= [ps_or_hierarchical_sequence_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_sequence_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [sequence_list_of_arguments](#sequence_list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] +sequence\_list\_of\_arguments ::= +    \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] \{ `,` \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] } \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] `)` } +    \| `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] `)` \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [sequence_actual_arg](#sequence_actual_arg) ] `)` } +sequence\_actual\_arg ::= +    [event_expression](#event_expression) +    \| [sequence_expr](#sequence_expr) +    \| `$` +boolean\_abbrev ::= +    [consecutive_repetition](#consecutive_repetition) +    \| [nonconsecutive_repetition](#nonconsecutive_repetition) +    \| [goto_repetition](#goto_repetition) +sequence\_abbrev ::= [consecutive_repetition](#consecutive_repetition) +consecutive\_repetition ::= +    `[*` [const_or_range_expression](#const_or_range_expression) ] +    \| `[*]` +    \| `[+]` +nonconsecutive\_repetition ::= `[=` [const_or_range_expression](#const_or_range_expression) ] +goto\_repetition ::= `[->` [const_or_range_expression](#const_or_range_expression) ] +const\_or\_range\_expression ::= +    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +    \| [cycle_delay_const_range_expression](#cycle_delay_const_range_expression) +cycle\_delay\_const\_range\_expression ::= +    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` `$` +assertion\_variable\_declaration ::= [var_data_type](#var_data_type) [list_of_variable_decl_assignments](#list_of_variable_decl_assignments) `;` ### A.2.11 Covergroup declarations -covergroup\_declaration ::= -    [covergroup](#covergroup) [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` ] \[ [coverage_event](#coverage_event) ] `;` -    \{ [coverage_spec_or_option](#coverage_spec_or_option) } -    [endgroup](#endgroup) \[ `:` [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) ] -    \| [covergroup](#covergroup) [extends](#extends) [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) `;`[29](#29) -    \{ [coverage_spec_or_option](#coverage_spec_or_option) } -    [endgroup](#endgroup) \[ `:` [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) ] -coverage\_spec\_or\_option ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [coverage_spec](#coverage_spec) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [coverage_option](#coverage_option) `;` -coverage\_option ::= -    [option](#option) `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) `=` [expression](#expression) -    \| [type_option](#type_option) `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -coverage\_spec ::= -    [cover_point](#cover_point) -    \| [cover_cross](#cover_cross) -coverage\_event ::= -    [clocking_event](#clocking_event) -    \| [with](#with) [function](#function) [sample](#sample) `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` -    \| `@@` `(` [block_event_expression](#block_event_expression) `)` -block\_event\_expression ::= -    [block_event_expression](#block_event_expression) [or](#or) [block_event_expression](#block_event_expression) -    \| [begin](#begin) [hierarchical_btf_identifier](#hierarchical_btf_identifier) -    \| [end](#end) [hierarchical_btf_identifier](#hierarchical_btf_identifier) -hierarchical\_btf\_identifier ::= -    [hierarchical_tf_identifier](#hierarchical_tf_identifier) -    \| [hierarchical_block_identifier](#hierarchical_block_identifier) -    \| \[ [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [method_identifier](#method_identifier) -cover\_point ::= -    \[ \[ [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) ] [cover_point_identifier](#cover_point_identifier) `:` ] [coverpoint](#coverpoint) [expression](#expression) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -    [bins_or_empty](#bins_or_empty) -bins\_or\_empty ::= -    \{ \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \{ [bins_or_options](#bins_or_options) `;` } } -    \| `;` -bins\_or\_options ::= -    [coverage_option](#coverage_option) -    \| \[ [wildcard](#wildcard) ] [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] ] ] `=` -    \{ [covergroup_range_list](#covergroup_range_list) } \[ [with](#with) `(` [with_covergroup_expression](#with_covergroup_expression) `)` ] \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -    \| \[ [wildcard](#wildcard) ] [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] ] ] `=` -    [cover_point_identifier](#cover_point_identifier) [with](#with) `(` [with_covergroup_expression](#with_covergroup_expression) `)` \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -    \| \[ [wildcard](#wildcard) ] [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] ] ] `=` -    [set_covergroup_expression](#set_covergroup_expression) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -    \| \[ [wildcard](#wildcard)] [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ ] ] `=` [trans_list](#trans_list) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -    \| [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] ] ] `=` [default](#default) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -    \| [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) `=` [default](#default) [sequence](#sequence) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -    [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword)`::=` [bins](#bins) \| [illegal_bins](#illegal_bins) \| [ignore_bins](#ignore_bins) -trans\_list ::= `(` [trans_set](#trans_set) `)` \{ `,` `(` [trans_set](#trans_set) `)` } -trans\_set ::= [trans_range_list](#trans_range_list) \{ `=>` [trans_range_list](#trans_range_list) } -trans\_range\_list ::= -    [trans_item](#trans_item) -    \| [trans_item](#trans_item) `[*` [repeat_range](#repeat_range) ] -    \| [trans_item](#trans_item) \[[â](#â)`€“>` [repeat_range](#repeat_range) ] -    \| [trans_item](#trans_item) `[=` [repeat_range](#repeat_range) ] -trans\_item ::= [covergroup_range_list](#covergroup_range_list) -repeat\_range ::= -    [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) -    \| [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `:` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) -cover\_cross ::= \[ [cross_identifier](#cross_identifier) `:` ] [cross](#cross) [list_of_cross_items](#list_of_cross_items) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] [cross_body](#cross_body) -list\_of\_cross\_items ::= [cross_item](#cross_item) `,` [cross_item](#cross_item) \{ `,` [cross_item](#cross_item) } -cross\_item ::= -    [cover_point_identifier](#cover_point_identifier) -    \| [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) -cross\_body ::= -    \{ \{ [cross_body_item](#cross_body_item) } } -    \| `;` -cross\_body\_item ::= -    [function_declaration](#function_declaration) -    \| [bins_selection_or_option](#bins_selection_or_option) `;` -bins\_selection\_or\_option ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [coverage_option](#coverage_option) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [bins_selection](#bins_selection) -bins\_selection ::= [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) `=` [select_expression](#select_expression) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -select\_expression30 ::= -    [select_condition](#select_condition) -    \| `!` [select_condition](#select_condition) -    \| [select_expression](#select_expression) `&&` [select_expression](#select_expression) -    \| [select_expression](#select_expression) `||` [select_expression](#select_expression) -    \| `(` [select_expression](#select_expression) `)` -    \| [select_expression](#select_expression) [with](#with) `(` [with_covergroup_expression](#with_covergroup_expression) `)` \[ [matches](#matches) [integer_covergroup_expression](#integer_covergroup_expression) ] -    \| [cross_identifier](#cross_identifier) -    \| [cross_set_expression](#cross_set_expression) \[ [matches](#matches) [integer_covergroup_expression](#integer_covergroup_expression) ] -select\_condition ::= [binsof](#binsof) `(` [bins_expression](#bins_expression) `)` \[ [intersect](#intersect) \{ [covergroup_range_list](#covergroup_range_list) } ] -bins\_expression ::= -    [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) -    \| [cover_point_identifier](#cover_point_identifier) \[ `.` [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) ] -covergroup\_range\_list ::= [covergroup_value_range](#covergroup_value_range) \{ `,` [covergroup_value_range](#covergroup_value_range) } -covergroup\_value\_range ::= -    [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) -    \| \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `:` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] -    \| \[ `$` `:` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] -    \| \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `:` `$` ] -    \| \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `+/-` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] -    \| \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `+%-` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] -with\_covergroup\_expression ::= [covergroup_expression31](#covergroup_expression31) -set\_covergroup\_expression ::= [covergroup_expression32](#covergroup_expression32) -integer\_covergroup\_expression ::= [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) \| `$` -cross\_set\_expression ::= [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) -covergroup\_expression ::= [expression33](#expression33) +covergroup\_declaration ::= +    [covergroup](#covergroup) [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` ] \[ [coverage_event](#coverage_event) ] `;` +    \{ [coverage_spec_or_option](#coverage_spec_or_option) } +    [endgroup](#endgroup) \[ `:` [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) ] +    \| [covergroup](#covergroup) [extends](#extends) [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) `;`[29](#29) +    \{ [coverage_spec_or_option](#coverage_spec_or_option) } +    [endgroup](#endgroup) \[ `:` [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) ] +coverage\_spec\_or\_option ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [coverage_spec](#coverage_spec) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [coverage_option](#coverage_option) `;` +coverage\_option ::= +    [option](#option) `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) `=` [expression](#expression) +    \| [type_option](#type_option) `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +coverage\_spec ::= +    [cover_point](#cover_point) +    \| [cover_cross](#cover_cross) +coverage\_event ::= +    [clocking_event](#clocking_event) +    \| [with](#with) [function](#function) [sample](#sample) `(` \[ [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) ] `)` +    \| `@@` `(` [block_event_expression](#block_event_expression) `)` +block\_event\_expression ::= +    [block_event_expression](#block_event_expression) [or](#or) [block_event_expression](#block_event_expression) +    \| [begin](#begin) [hierarchical_btf_identifier](#hierarchical_btf_identifier) +    \| [end](#end) [hierarchical_btf_identifier](#hierarchical_btf_identifier) +hierarchical\_btf\_identifier ::= +    [hierarchical_tf_identifier](#hierarchical_tf_identifier) +    \| [hierarchical_block_identifier](#hierarchical_block_identifier) +    \| \[ [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [method_identifier](#method_identifier) +cover\_point ::= +    \[ \[ [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) ] [cover_point_identifier](#cover_point_identifier) `:` ] [coverpoint](#coverpoint) [expression](#expression) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +    [bins_or_empty](#bins_or_empty) +bins\_or\_empty ::= +    \{ \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \{ [bins_or_options](#bins_or_options) `;` } } +    \| `;` +bins\_or\_options ::= +    [coverage_option](#coverage_option) +    \| \[ [wildcard](#wildcard) ] [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] ] ] `=` +    \{ [covergroup_range_list](#covergroup_range_list) } \[ [with](#with) `(` [with_covergroup_expression](#with_covergroup_expression) `)` ] \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +    \| \[ [wildcard](#wildcard) ] [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] ] ] `=` +    [cover_point_identifier](#cover_point_identifier) [with](#with) `(` [with_covergroup_expression](#with_covergroup_expression) `)` \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +    \| \[ [wildcard](#wildcard) ] [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] ] ] `=` +    [set_covergroup_expression](#set_covergroup_expression) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +    \| \[ [wildcard](#wildcard)] [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ ] ] `=` [trans_list](#trans_list) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +    \| [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) \[ \[ \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] ] ] `=` [default](#default) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +    \| [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) `=` [default](#default) [sequence](#sequence) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +    [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword)`::=` [bins](#bins) \| [illegal_bins](#illegal_bins) \| [ignore_bins](#ignore_bins) +trans\_list ::= `(` [trans_set](#trans_set) `)` \{ `,` `(` [trans_set](#trans_set) `)` } +trans\_set ::= [trans_range_list](#trans_range_list) \{ `=>` [trans_range_list](#trans_range_list) } +trans\_range\_list ::= +    [trans_item](#trans_item) +    \| [trans_item](#trans_item) `[*` [repeat_range](#repeat_range) ] +    \| [trans_item](#trans_item) \[[â](#â)`€“>` [repeat_range](#repeat_range) ] +    \| [trans_item](#trans_item) `[=` [repeat_range](#repeat_range) ] +trans\_item ::= [covergroup_range_list](#covergroup_range_list) +repeat\_range ::= +    [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) +    \| [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `:` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) +cover\_cross ::= \[ [cross_identifier](#cross_identifier) `:` ] [cross](#cross) [list_of_cross_items](#list_of_cross_items) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] [cross_body](#cross_body) +list\_of\_cross\_items ::= [cross_item](#cross_item) `,` [cross_item](#cross_item) \{ `,` [cross_item](#cross_item) } +cross\_item ::= +    [cover_point_identifier](#cover_point_identifier) +    \| [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) +cross\_body ::= +    \{ \{ [cross_body_item](#cross_body_item) } } +    \| `;` +cross\_body\_item ::= +    [function_declaration](#function_declaration) +    \| [bins_selection_or_option](#bins_selection_or_option) `;` +bins\_selection\_or\_option ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [coverage_option](#coverage_option) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [bins_selection](#bins_selection) +bins\_selection ::= [bins_keyword](#bins_keyword) [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) `=` [select_expression](#select_expression) \[ [iff](#iff) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +select\_expression30 ::= +    [select_condition](#select_condition) +    \| `!` [select_condition](#select_condition) +    \| [select_expression](#select_expression) `&&` [select_expression](#select_expression) +    \| [select_expression](#select_expression) `||` [select_expression](#select_expression) +    \| `(` [select_expression](#select_expression) `)` +    \| [select_expression](#select_expression) [with](#with) `(` [with_covergroup_expression](#with_covergroup_expression) `)` \[ [matches](#matches) [integer_covergroup_expression](#integer_covergroup_expression) ] +    \| [cross_identifier](#cross_identifier) +    \| [cross_set_expression](#cross_set_expression) \[ [matches](#matches) [integer_covergroup_expression](#integer_covergroup_expression) ] +select\_condition ::= [binsof](#binsof) `(` [bins_expression](#bins_expression) `)` \[ [intersect](#intersect) \{ [covergroup_range_list](#covergroup_range_list) } ] +bins\_expression ::= +    [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) +    \| [cover_point_identifier](#cover_point_identifier) \[ `.` [bin_identifier](#bin_identifier) ] +covergroup\_range\_list ::= [covergroup_value_range](#covergroup_value_range) \{ `,` [covergroup_value_range](#covergroup_value_range) } +covergroup\_value\_range ::= +    [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) +    \| \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `:` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] +    \| \[ `$` `:` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] +    \| \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `:` `$` ] +    \| \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `+/-` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] +    \| \[ [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) `+%-` [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) ] +with\_covergroup\_expression ::= [covergroup_expression31](#covergroup_expression31) +set\_covergroup\_expression ::= [covergroup_expression32](#covergroup_expression32) +integer\_covergroup\_expression ::= [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) \| `$` +cross\_set\_expression ::= [covergroup_expression](#covergroup_expression) +covergroup\_expression ::= [expression33](#expression33) ### A.2.12 Let declarations -let\_declaration ::= [let](#let) [let_identifier](#let_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [let_port_list](#let_port_list) ] `)` ] `=` [expression](#expression) `;` -let\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -let\_port\_list ::= [let_port_item](#let_port_item) \{ `,` [let_port_item](#let_port_item) } -let\_port\_item ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [let_formal_type](#let_formal_type) [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] -let\_formal\_type ::= -    [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) -    \| [untyped](#untyped) -let\_expression ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [let_identifier](#let_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [let_list_of_arguments](#let_list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] -let\_list\_of\_arguments ::= -    \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] \{ `,` \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] } \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] `)` } -    \| `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] `)` \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] `)` } -let\_actual\_arg ::= [expression](#expression) +let\_declaration ::= [let](#let) [let_identifier](#let_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [let_port_list](#let_port_list) ] `)` ] `=` [expression](#expression) `;` +let\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +let\_port\_list ::= [let_port_item](#let_port_item) \{ `,` [let_port_item](#let_port_item) } +let\_port\_item ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [let_formal_type](#let_formal_type) [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) \{ [variable_dimension](#variable_dimension) } \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] +let\_formal\_type ::= +    [data_type_or_implicit](#data_type_or_implicit) +    \| [untyped](#untyped) +let\_expression ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [let_identifier](#let_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [let_list_of_arguments](#let_list_of_arguments) ] `)` ] +let\_list\_of\_arguments ::= +    \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] \{ `,` \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] } \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] `)` } +    \| `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] `)` \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [let_actual_arg](#let_actual_arg) ] `)` } +let\_actual\_arg ::= [expression](#expression) ## A.3 Primitive instances ### A.3.1 Primitive instantiation and instances -gate\_instantiation ::= -    [cmos_switchtype](#cmos_switchtype) \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [cmos_switch_instance](#cmos_switch_instance) \{ `,` [cmos_switch_instance](#cmos_switch_instance) } `;` -    \| [mos_switchtype](#mos_switchtype) \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [mos_switch_instance](#mos_switch_instance) \{ `,` [mos_switch_instance](#mos_switch_instance) } `;` -    \| [enable_gatetype](#enable_gatetype) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [enable_gate_instance](#enable_gate_instance) \{ `,` [enable_gate_instance](#enable_gate_instance) } `;` -    \| [n_input_gatetype](#n_input_gatetype) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay2](#delay2) ] [n_input_gate_instance](#n_input_gate_instance) \{ `,` [n_input_gate_instance](#n_input_gate_instance) } `;` -    \| [n_output_gatetype](#n_output_gatetype) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay2](#delay2) ] [n_output_gate_instance](#n_output_gate_instance) \{ `,` [n_output_gate_instance](#n_output_gate_instance) } `;` -    \| [pass_en_switchtype](#pass_en_switchtype) \[ [delay2](#delay2) ] [pass_enable_switch_instance](#pass_enable_switch_instance) \{ `,` [pass_enable_switch_instance](#pass_enable_switch_instance) } `;` -    \| [pass_switchtype](#pass_switchtype) [pass_switch_instance](#pass_switch_instance) \{ `,` [pass_switch_instance](#pass_switch_instance) } `;` -    \| [pulldown](#pulldown) \[ [pulldown_strength](#pulldown_strength) ] [pull_gate_instance](#pull_gate_instance) \{ `,` [pull_gate_instance](#pull_gate_instance) } `;` -    \| [pullup](#pullup) \[ [pullup_strength](#pullup_strength) ] [pull_gate_instance](#pull_gate_instance) \{ `,` [pull_gate_instance](#pull_gate_instance) } `;` -cmos\_switch\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) `,` -    [ncontrol_terminal](#ncontrol_terminal) `,` [pcontrol_terminal](#pcontrol_terminal) `)` -enable\_gate\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) `,` [enable_terminal](#enable_terminal) `)` -mos\_switch\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) `,` [enable_terminal](#enable_terminal) `)` -n\_input\_gate\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) \{ `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) } `)` -n\_output\_gate\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) \{ `,` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) } `,` -    [input_terminal](#input_terminal) `)` -pass\_switch\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [inout_terminal](#inout_terminal) `,` [inout_terminal](#inout_terminal) `)` -pass\_enable\_switch\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [inout_terminal](#inout_terminal) `,` [inout_terminal](#inout_terminal) `,` -    [enable_terminal](#enable_terminal) `)` -pull\_gate\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `)` +gate\_instantiation ::= +    [cmos_switchtype](#cmos_switchtype) \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [cmos_switch_instance](#cmos_switch_instance) \{ `,` [cmos_switch_instance](#cmos_switch_instance) } `;` +    \| [mos_switchtype](#mos_switchtype) \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [mos_switch_instance](#mos_switch_instance) \{ `,` [mos_switch_instance](#mos_switch_instance) } `;` +    \| [enable_gatetype](#enable_gatetype) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [enable_gate_instance](#enable_gate_instance) \{ `,` [enable_gate_instance](#enable_gate_instance) } `;` +    \| [n_input_gatetype](#n_input_gatetype) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay2](#delay2) ] [n_input_gate_instance](#n_input_gate_instance) \{ `,` [n_input_gate_instance](#n_input_gate_instance) } `;` +    \| [n_output_gatetype](#n_output_gatetype) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay2](#delay2) ] [n_output_gate_instance](#n_output_gate_instance) \{ `,` [n_output_gate_instance](#n_output_gate_instance) } `;` +    \| [pass_en_switchtype](#pass_en_switchtype) \[ [delay2](#delay2) ] [pass_enable_switch_instance](#pass_enable_switch_instance) \{ `,` [pass_enable_switch_instance](#pass_enable_switch_instance) } `;` +    \| [pass_switchtype](#pass_switchtype) [pass_switch_instance](#pass_switch_instance) \{ `,` [pass_switch_instance](#pass_switch_instance) } `;` +    \| [pulldown](#pulldown) \[ [pulldown_strength](#pulldown_strength) ] [pull_gate_instance](#pull_gate_instance) \{ `,` [pull_gate_instance](#pull_gate_instance) } `;` +    \| [pullup](#pullup) \[ [pullup_strength](#pullup_strength) ] [pull_gate_instance](#pull_gate_instance) \{ `,` [pull_gate_instance](#pull_gate_instance) } `;` +cmos\_switch\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) `,` +    [ncontrol_terminal](#ncontrol_terminal) `,` [pcontrol_terminal](#pcontrol_terminal) `)` +enable\_gate\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) `,` [enable_terminal](#enable_terminal) `)` +mos\_switch\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) `,` [enable_terminal](#enable_terminal) `)` +n\_input\_gate\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) \{ `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) } `)` +n\_output\_gate\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) \{ `,` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) } `,` +    [input_terminal](#input_terminal) `)` +pass\_switch\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [inout_terminal](#inout_terminal) `,` [inout_terminal](#inout_terminal) `)` +pass\_enable\_switch\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [inout_terminal](#inout_terminal) `,` [inout_terminal](#inout_terminal) `,` +    [enable_terminal](#enable_terminal) `)` +pull\_gate\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `)` ### A.3.2 Primitive strengths -pulldown\_strength ::= -    `(` [strength0](#strength0) `,` [strength1](#strength1) `)` -    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `,` [strength0](#strength0) `)` -    \| `(` [strength0](#strength0) `)` -pullup\_strength ::= -    `(` [strength0](#strength0) `,` [strength1](#strength1) `)` -    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `,` [strength0](#strength0) `)` -    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `)` +pulldown\_strength ::= +    `(` [strength0](#strength0) `,` [strength1](#strength1) `)` +    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `,` [strength0](#strength0) `)` +    \| `(` [strength0](#strength0) `)` +pullup\_strength ::= +    `(` [strength0](#strength0) `,` [strength1](#strength1) `)` +    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `,` [strength0](#strength0) `)` +    \| `(` [strength1](#strength1) `)` ### A.3.3 Primitive terminals -enable\_terminal ::= [expression](#expression) -inout\_terminal ::= [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) -input\_terminal ::= [expression](#expression) -ncontrol\_terminal ::= [expression](#expression) -output\_terminal ::= [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) -pcontrol\_terminal ::= [expression](#expression) +enable\_terminal ::= [expression](#expression) +inout\_terminal ::= [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) +input\_terminal ::= [expression](#expression) +ncontrol\_terminal ::= [expression](#expression) +output\_terminal ::= [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) +pcontrol\_terminal ::= [expression](#expression) ### A.3.4 Primitive gate and switch types -cmos\_switchtype ::= [cmos](#cmos) \| [rcmos](#rcmos) -enable\_gatetype ::= [bufif0](#bufif0) \| [bufif1](#bufif1) \| [notif0](#notif0) \| [notif1](#notif1) -mos\_switchtype ::= [nmos](#nmos) \| [pmos](#pmos) \| [rnmos](#rnmos) \| [rpmos](#rpmos) -n\_input\_gatetype ::= [and](#and) \| [nand](#nand) \| [or](#or) \| [nor](#nor) \| [xor](#xor) \| [xnor](#xnor) -n\_output\_gatetype ::= [buf](#buf) \| [not](#not) -pass\_en\_switchtype ::= [tranif0](#tranif0) \| [tranif1](#tranif1) \| [rtranif1](#rtranif1) \| [rtranif0](#rtranif0) -pass\_switchtype ::= [tran](#tran) \| [rtran](#rtran) +cmos\_switchtype ::= [cmos](#cmos) \| [rcmos](#rcmos) +enable\_gatetype ::= [bufif0](#bufif0) \| [bufif1](#bufif1) \| [notif0](#notif0) \| [notif1](#notif1) +mos\_switchtype ::= [nmos](#nmos) \| [pmos](#pmos) \| [rnmos](#rnmos) \| [rpmos](#rpmos) +n\_input\_gatetype ::= [and](#and) \| [nand](#nand) \| [or](#or) \| [nor](#nor) \| [xor](#xor) \| [xnor](#xnor) +n\_output\_gatetype ::= [buf](#buf) \| [not](#not) +pass\_en\_switchtype ::= [tranif0](#tranif0) \| [tranif1](#tranif1) \| [rtranif1](#rtranif1) \| [rtranif0](#rtranif0) +pass\_switchtype ::= [tran](#tran) \| [rtran](#rtran) ## A.4 Instantiations ### A.4.1 Instantiation #### A.4.1.1 Module instantiation -module\_instantiation ::= -    [module_identifier](#module_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) \{ `,` [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) } `;` -parameter\_value\_assignment ::= `#` `(` \[ [list_of_parameter_value_assignments](#list_of_parameter_value_assignments) ] `)` -list\_of\_parameter\_value\_assignments ::= -    [ordered_parameter_assignment](#ordered_parameter_assignment) \{ `,` [ordered_parameter_assignment](#ordered_parameter_assignment) } -    \| [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) \{ `,` [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) } -ordered\_parameter\_assignment ::= [param_expression](#param_expression) -named\_parameter\_assignment ::= `.` [parameter_identifier](#parameter_identifier) `(` \[ [param_expression](#param_expression) ] `)` -hierarchical\_instance ::= [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) `(` \[ [list_of_port_connections](#list_of_port_connections) ] `)` -name\_of\_instance ::= [instance_identifier](#instance_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } -list\_of\_port\_connections34 ::= -    [ordered_port_connection](#ordered_port_connection) \{ `,` [ordered_port_connection](#ordered_port_connection) } -    \| [named_port_connection](#named_port_connection) \{ `,` [named_port_connection](#named_port_connection) } -ordered\_port\_connection ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [expression](#expression) ] -named\_port\_connection ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` ] -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `.` `*` +module\_instantiation ::= +    [module_identifier](#module_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) \{ `,` [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) } `;` +parameter\_value\_assignment ::= `#` `(` \[ [list_of_parameter_value_assignments](#list_of_parameter_value_assignments) ] `)` +list\_of\_parameter\_value\_assignments ::= +    [ordered_parameter_assignment](#ordered_parameter_assignment) \{ `,` [ordered_parameter_assignment](#ordered_parameter_assignment) } +    \| [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) \{ `,` [named_parameter_assignment](#named_parameter_assignment) } +ordered\_parameter\_assignment ::= [param_expression](#param_expression) +named\_parameter\_assignment ::= `.` [parameter_identifier](#parameter_identifier) `(` \[ [param_expression](#param_expression) ] `)` +hierarchical\_instance ::= [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) `(` \[ [list_of_port_connections](#list_of_port_connections) ] `)` +name\_of\_instance ::= [instance_identifier](#instance_identifier) \{ [unpacked_dimension](#unpacked_dimension) } +list\_of\_port\_connections34 ::= +    [ordered_port_connection](#ordered_port_connection) \{ `,` [ordered_port_connection](#ordered_port_connection) } +    \| [named_port_connection](#named_port_connection) \{ `,` [named_port_connection](#named_port_connection) } +ordered\_port\_connection ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [expression](#expression) ] +named\_port\_connection ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` ] +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `.` `*` #### A.4.1.2 Interface instantiation -interface\_instantiation ::= -    [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) \{ `,` [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) } `;` +interface\_instantiation ::= +    [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) \{ `,` [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) } `;` #### A.4.1.3 Program instantiation -program\_instantiation ::= -    [program_identifier](#program_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) \{ `,` [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) } `;` +program\_instantiation ::= +    [program_identifier](#program_identifier) \[ [parameter_value_assignment](#parameter_value_assignment) ] [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) \{ `,` [hierarchical_instance](#hierarchical_instance) } `;` #### A.4.1.4 Checker instantiation -checker\_instantiation ::= -    [ps_checker_identifier](#ps_checker_identifier) [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) `(` \[ [list_of_checker_port_connections](#list_of_checker_port_connections) ] `)` `;` -list\_of\_checker\_port\_connections34 ::= -    [ordered_checker_port_connection](#ordered_checker_port_connection) \{ `,` [ordered_checker_port_connection](#ordered_checker_port_connection) } -    \| [named_checker_port_connection](#named_checker_port_connection) \{ `,` [named_checker_port_connection](#named_checker_port_connection) } -ordered\_checker\_port\_connection ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] -named\_checker\_port\_connection ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `.` [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] `)` ] -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `.` `*` +checker\_instantiation ::= +    [ps_checker_identifier](#ps_checker_identifier) [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) `(` \[ [list_of_checker_port_connections](#list_of_checker_port_connections) ] `)` `;` +list\_of\_checker\_port\_connections34 ::= +    [ordered_checker_port_connection](#ordered_checker_port_connection) \{ `,` [ordered_checker_port_connection](#ordered_checker_port_connection) } +    \| [named_checker_port_connection](#named_checker_port_connection) \{ `,` [named_checker_port_connection](#named_checker_port_connection) } +ordered\_checker\_port\_connection ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] +named\_checker\_port\_connection ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `.` [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) \[ `(` \[ [property_actual_arg](#property_actual_arg) ] `)` ] +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `.` `*` ### A.4.2 Generated instantiation -generate\_region ::= [generate](#generate) \{ [generate_item](#generate_item) } [endgenerate](#endgenerate) -loop\_generate\_construct ::= -    [for](#for) `(` [genvar_initialization](#genvar_initialization) `;` [genvar_expression](#genvar_expression) `;` [genvar_iteration](#genvar_iteration) `)` [generate_block](#generate_block) -genvar\_initialization ::= \[ [genvar](#genvar) ] [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -genvar\_iteration ::= -    [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) [assignment_operator](#assignment_operator) [genvar_expression](#genvar_expression) -    \| [inc_or_dec_operator](#inc_or_dec_operator) [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) -    \| [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) [inc_or_dec_operator](#inc_or_dec_operator) -conditional\_generate\_construct ::= -    [if_generate_construct](#if_generate_construct) -    \| [case_generate_construct](#case_generate_construct) -if\_generate\_construct ::= [if](#if) `(` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `)` [generate_block](#generate_block) \[ [else](#else) [generate_block](#generate_block) ] -case\_generate\_construct ::= -    [case](#case) `(` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `)` [case_generate_item](#case_generate_item) \{ [case_generate_item](#case_generate_item) } [endcase](#endcase) -case\_generate\_item ::= -    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \{ `,` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) } `:` [generate_block](#generate_block) -    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [generate_block](#generate_block) -generate\_block ::= -    [generate_item](#generate_item) -    \| \[ [generate_block_identifier](#generate_block_identifier) `:` ] [begin](#begin) \[ `:` [generate_block_identifier](#generate_block_identifier) ] -    \{ [generate_item](#generate_item) } -    [end](#end) \[ `:` [generate_block_identifier](#generate_block_identifier) ] -generate\_item35 ::= -    [module_or_generate_item](#module_or_generate_item) -    \| [interface_or_generate_item](#interface_or_generate_item) -    \| [checker_or_generate_item](#checker_or_generate_item) +generate\_region ::= [generate](#generate) \{ [generate_item](#generate_item) } [endgenerate](#endgenerate) +loop\_generate\_construct ::= +    [for](#for) `(` [genvar_initialization](#genvar_initialization) `;` [genvar_expression](#genvar_expression) `;` [genvar_iteration](#genvar_iteration) `)` [generate_block](#generate_block) +genvar\_initialization ::= \[ [genvar](#genvar) ] [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +genvar\_iteration ::= +    [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) [assignment_operator](#assignment_operator) [genvar_expression](#genvar_expression) +    \| [inc_or_dec_operator](#inc_or_dec_operator) [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) +    \| [genvar_identifier](#genvar_identifier) [inc_or_dec_operator](#inc_or_dec_operator) +conditional\_generate\_construct ::= +    [if_generate_construct](#if_generate_construct) +    \| [case_generate_construct](#case_generate_construct) +if\_generate\_construct ::= [if](#if) `(` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `)` [generate_block](#generate_block) \[ [else](#else) [generate_block](#generate_block) ] +case\_generate\_construct ::= +    [case](#case) `(` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `)` [case_generate_item](#case_generate_item) \{ [case_generate_item](#case_generate_item) } [endcase](#endcase) +case\_generate\_item ::= +    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \{ `,` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) } `:` [generate_block](#generate_block) +    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [generate_block](#generate_block) +generate\_block ::= +    [generate_item](#generate_item) +    \| \[ [generate_block_identifier](#generate_block_identifier) `:` ] [begin](#begin) \[ `:` [generate_block_identifier](#generate_block_identifier) ] +    \{ [generate_item](#generate_item) } +    [end](#end) \[ `:` [generate_block_identifier](#generate_block_identifier) ] +generate\_item35 ::= +    [module_or_generate_item](#module_or_generate_item) +    \| [interface_or_generate_item](#interface_or_generate_item) +    \| [checker_or_generate_item](#checker_or_generate_item) ## A.5 UDP declaration and instantiation ### A.5.1 UDP declaration -udp\_nonansi\_declaration ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [primitive](#primitive) [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) `(` [udp_port_list](#udp_port_list) `)` `;` -udp\_ansi\_declaration ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [primitive](#primitive) [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) `(` [udp_declaration_port_list](#udp_declaration_port_list) `)` `;` -udp\_declaration ::= -    [udp_nonansi_declaration](#udp_nonansi_declaration) [udp_port_declaration](#udp_port_declaration) \{ [udp_port_declaration](#udp_port_declaration) } -    [udp_body](#udp_body) -    [endprimitive](#endprimitive) \[ `:` [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) ] -    \| [udp_ansi_declaration](#udp_ansi_declaration) -    [udp_body](#udp_body) -    [endprimitive](#endprimitive) \[ `:` [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) ] -    \| [extern](#extern) [udp_nonansi_declaration](#udp_nonansi_declaration) -    \| [extern](#extern) [udp_ansi_declaration](#udp_ansi_declaration) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [primitive](#primitive) [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) `(` `.` `*` `)` `;` -    \{ [udp_port_declaration](#udp_port_declaration) } -    [udp_body](#udp_body) -    [endprimitive](#endprimitive) \[ `:` [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) ] +udp\_nonansi\_declaration ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [primitive](#primitive) [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) `(` [udp_port_list](#udp_port_list) `)` `;` +udp\_ansi\_declaration ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [primitive](#primitive) [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) `(` [udp_declaration_port_list](#udp_declaration_port_list) `)` `;` +udp\_declaration ::= +    [udp_nonansi_declaration](#udp_nonansi_declaration) [udp_port_declaration](#udp_port_declaration) \{ [udp_port_declaration](#udp_port_declaration) } +    [udp_body](#udp_body) +    [endprimitive](#endprimitive) \[ `:` [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) ] +    \| [udp_ansi_declaration](#udp_ansi_declaration) +    [udp_body](#udp_body) +    [endprimitive](#endprimitive) \[ `:` [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) ] +    \| [extern](#extern) [udp_nonansi_declaration](#udp_nonansi_declaration) +    \| [extern](#extern) [udp_ansi_declaration](#udp_ansi_declaration) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [primitive](#primitive) [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) `(` `.` `*` `)` `;` +    \{ [udp_port_declaration](#udp_port_declaration) } +    [udp_body](#udp_body) +    [endprimitive](#endprimitive) \[ `:` [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) ] ### A.5.2 UDP ports -udp\_port\_list ::= [output_port_identifier](#output_port_identifier) `,` [input_port_identifier](#input_port_identifier) \{ `,` [input_port_identifier](#input_port_identifier) } -udp\_declaration\_port\_list ::= [udp_output_declaration](#udp_output_declaration) `,` [udp_input_declaration](#udp_input_declaration) \{ `,` [udp_input_declaration](#udp_input_declaration) } -udp\_port\_declaration ::= -    [udp_output_declaration](#udp_output_declaration) `;` -    \| [udp_input_declaration](#udp_input_declaration) `;` -    \| [udp_reg_declaration](#udp_reg_declaration) `;` -udp\_output\_declaration ::= -    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [output](#output) [port_identifier](#port_identifier) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [output](#output) [reg](#reg) [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] -udp\_input\_declaration ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [input](#input) [list_of_udp_port_identifiers](#list_of_udp_port_identifiers) -udp\_reg\_declaration ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [reg](#reg) [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) +udp\_port\_list ::= [output_port_identifier](#output_port_identifier) `,` [input_port_identifier](#input_port_identifier) \{ `,` [input_port_identifier](#input_port_identifier) } +udp\_declaration\_port\_list ::= [udp_output_declaration](#udp_output_declaration) `,` [udp_input_declaration](#udp_input_declaration) \{ `,` [udp_input_declaration](#udp_input_declaration) } +udp\_port\_declaration ::= +    [udp_output_declaration](#udp_output_declaration) `;` +    \| [udp_input_declaration](#udp_input_declaration) `;` +    \| [udp_reg_declaration](#udp_reg_declaration) `;` +udp\_output\_declaration ::= +    \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [output](#output) [port_identifier](#port_identifier) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [output](#output) [reg](#reg) [port_identifier](#port_identifier) \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] +udp\_input\_declaration ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [input](#input) [list_of_udp_port_identifiers](#list_of_udp_port_identifiers) +udp\_reg\_declaration ::= \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [reg](#reg) [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) ### A.5.3 UDP body -udp\_body ::= -    [combinational_body](#combinational_body) -    \| [sequential_body](#sequential_body) -combinational\_body ::= [table](#table) [combinational_entry](#combinational_entry) \{ [combinational_entry](#combinational_entry) } [endtable](#endtable) -combinational\_entry ::= [level_input_list](#level_input_list) `:` [output_symbol](#output_symbol) `;` -sequential\_body ::= \[ [udp_initial_statement](#udp_initial_statement) ] [table](#table) [sequential_entry](#sequential_entry) \{ [sequential_entry](#sequential_entry) } [endtable](#endtable) -udp\_initial\_statement ::= [initial](#initial) [output_port_identifier](#output_port_identifier) `=` [init_val](#init_val) `;` -init\_val ::= [1](#1)`'`[b0](#b0) \| [1](#1)`'`[b1](#b1) \| [1](#1)`'`[bx](#bx) \| [1](#1)`'`[bX](#bX) \| [1](#1)`'`[B0](#B0) \| [1](#1)`'`[B1](#B1) \| [1](#1)`'`[Bx](#Bx) \| [1](#1)`'`[BX](#BX) \| [1](#1) \| [0](#0) -sequential\_entry ::= [seq_input_list](#seq_input_list) `:` [current_state](#current_state) `:` [next_state](#next_state) `;` -seq\_input\_list ::= -    [level_input_list](#level_input_list) -    \| [edge_input_list](#edge_input_list) -level\_input\_list ::= [level_symbol](#level_symbol) \{ [level_symbol](#level_symbol) } -edge\_input\_list ::= \{ [level_symbol](#level_symbol) } [edge_indicator](#edge_indicator) \{ [level_symbol](#level_symbol) } -edge\_indicator ::= `(` [level_symbol](#level_symbol) [level_symbol](#level_symbol) `)` \| [edge_symbol](#edge_symbol) -current\_state ::= [level_symbol](#level_symbol) -next\_state ::= -    [output_symbol](#output_symbol) -    \| `-` -output\_symbol ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [x](#x) \| [X](#X) -level\_symbol ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [x](#x) \| [X](#X) \| `?` \| [b](#b) \| [B](#B) -edge\_symbol ::= [r](#r) \| [R](#R) \| [f](#f) \| [F](#F) \| [p](#p) \| [P](#P) \| [n](#n) \| [N](#N) \| `*` +udp\_body ::= +    [combinational_body](#combinational_body) +    \| [sequential_body](#sequential_body) +combinational\_body ::= [table](#table) [combinational_entry](#combinational_entry) \{ [combinational_entry](#combinational_entry) } [endtable](#endtable) +combinational\_entry ::= [level_input_list](#level_input_list) `:` [output_symbol](#output_symbol) `;` +sequential\_body ::= \[ [udp_initial_statement](#udp_initial_statement) ] [table](#table) [sequential_entry](#sequential_entry) \{ [sequential_entry](#sequential_entry) } [endtable](#endtable) +udp\_initial\_statement ::= [initial](#initial) [output_port_identifier](#output_port_identifier) `=` [init_val](#init_val) `;` +init\_val ::= [1](#1)`'`[b0](#b0) \| [1](#1)`'`[b1](#b1) \| [1](#1)`'`[bx](#bx) \| [1](#1)`'`[bX](#bX) \| [1](#1)`'`[B0](#B0) \| [1](#1)`'`[B1](#B1) \| [1](#1)`'`[Bx](#Bx) \| [1](#1)`'`[BX](#BX) \| [1](#1) \| [0](#0) +sequential\_entry ::= [seq_input_list](#seq_input_list) `:` [current_state](#current_state) `:` [next_state](#next_state) `;` +seq\_input\_list ::= +    [level_input_list](#level_input_list) +    \| [edge_input_list](#edge_input_list) +level\_input\_list ::= [level_symbol](#level_symbol) \{ [level_symbol](#level_symbol) } +edge\_input\_list ::= \{ [level_symbol](#level_symbol) } [edge_indicator](#edge_indicator) \{ [level_symbol](#level_symbol) } +edge\_indicator ::= `(` [level_symbol](#level_symbol) [level_symbol](#level_symbol) `)` \| [edge_symbol](#edge_symbol) +current\_state ::= [level_symbol](#level_symbol) +next\_state ::= +    [output_symbol](#output_symbol) +    \| `-` +output\_symbol ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [x](#x) \| [X](#X) +level\_symbol ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [x](#x) \| [X](#X) \| `?` \| [b](#b) \| [B](#B) +edge\_symbol ::= [r](#r) \| [R](#R) \| [f](#f) \| [F](#F) \| [p](#p) \| [P](#P) \| [n](#n) \| [N](#N) \| `*` ### A.5.4 UDP instantiation -udp\_instantiation ::= [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay2](#delay2) ] [udp_instance](#udp_instance) \{ `,` [udp_instance](#udp_instance) } `;` -udp\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) \{ `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) } `)` +udp\_instantiation ::= [udp_identifier](#udp_identifier) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay2](#delay2) ] [udp_instance](#udp_instance) \{ `,` [udp_instance](#udp_instance) } `;` +udp\_instance ::= \[ [name_of_instance](#name_of_instance) ] `(` [output_terminal](#output_terminal) `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) \{ `,` [input_terminal](#input_terminal) } `)` ## A.6 Behavioral statements ### A.6.1 Continuous assignment and net alias statements -continuous\_assign ::= -    [assign](#assign) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [list_of_net_assignments](#list_of_net_assignments) `;` -    \| [assign](#assign) \[ [delay_control](#delay_control) ] [list_of_variable_assignments](#list_of_variable_assignments) `;` -list\_of\_net\_assignments ::= [net_assignment](#net_assignment) \{ `,` [net_assignment](#net_assignment) } -list\_of\_variable\_assignments ::= [variable_assignment](#variable_assignment) \{ `,` [variable_assignment](#variable_assignment) } -net\_alias ::= [alias](#alias) [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) `=` [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) \{ `=` [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) } `;` -net\_assignment ::= [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) `=` [expression](#expression) +continuous\_assign ::= +    [assign](#assign) \[ [drive_strength](#drive_strength) ] \[ [delay3](#delay3) ] [list_of_net_assignments](#list_of_net_assignments) `;` +    \| [assign](#assign) \[ [delay_control](#delay_control) ] [list_of_variable_assignments](#list_of_variable_assignments) `;` +list\_of\_net\_assignments ::= [net_assignment](#net_assignment) \{ `,` [net_assignment](#net_assignment) } +list\_of\_variable\_assignments ::= [variable_assignment](#variable_assignment) \{ `,` [variable_assignment](#variable_assignment) } +net\_alias ::= [alias](#alias) [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) `=` [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) \{ `=` [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) } `;` +net\_assignment ::= [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) `=` [expression](#expression) ### A.6.2 Procedural blocks and assignments -initial\_construct ::= [initial](#initial) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -always\_construct ::= [always_keyword](#always_keyword) [statement](#statement) -always\_keyword ::= [always](#always) \| [always_comb](#always_comb) \| [always_latch](#always_latch) \| [always_ff](#always_ff) -final\_construct ::= [final](#final) [function_statement](#function_statement) -blocking\_assignment ::= -    [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) `=` [delay_or_event_control](#delay_or_event_control) [expression](#expression) -    \| [nonrange_variable_lvalue](#nonrange_variable_lvalue) `=` [dynamic_array_new](#dynamic_array_new) -    \| \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_variable_identifier](#hierarchical_variable_identifier) -    [select](#select) `=` [class_new](#class_new) -    \| [operator_assignment](#operator_assignment) -    \| [inc_or_dec_expression](#inc_or_dec_expression) -operator\_assignment ::= [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) [assignment_operator](#assignment_operator) [expression](#expression) -assignment\_operator ::= `=` \| `+=` \| `-=` \| `*=` \| `/=` \| `%=` \| `&=` \| `|=` \| `^=` \| `<<=` \| `>>=` \| `<<<=` \| `>>>=` -nonblocking\_assignment ::= [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) `<=` \[ [delay_or_event_control](#delay_or_event_control) ] [expression](#expression) -procedural\_continuous\_assignment ::= -    [assign](#assign) [variable_assignment](#variable_assignment) -    \| [deassign](#deassign) [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) -    \| [force](#force) [variable_assignment](#variable_assignment) -    \| [force](#force) [net_assignment](#net_assignment) -    \| [release](#release) [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) -    \| [release](#release) [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) -variable\_assignment ::= [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) `=` [expression](#expression) +initial\_construct ::= [initial](#initial) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +always\_construct ::= [always_keyword](#always_keyword) [statement](#statement) +always\_keyword ::= [always](#always) \| [always_comb](#always_comb) \| [always_latch](#always_latch) \| [always_ff](#always_ff) +final\_construct ::= [final](#final) [function_statement](#function_statement) +blocking\_assignment ::= +    [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) `=` [delay_or_event_control](#delay_or_event_control) [expression](#expression) +    \| [nonrange_variable_lvalue](#nonrange_variable_lvalue) `=` [dynamic_array_new](#dynamic_array_new) +    \| \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_variable_identifier](#hierarchical_variable_identifier) +    [select](#select) `=` [class_new](#class_new) +    \| [operator_assignment](#operator_assignment) +    \| [inc_or_dec_expression](#inc_or_dec_expression) +operator\_assignment ::= [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) [assignment_operator](#assignment_operator) [expression](#expression) +assignment\_operator ::= `=` \| `+=` \| `-=` \| `*=` \| `/=` \| `%=` \| `&=` \| `|=` \| `^=` \| `<<=` \| `>>=` \| `<<<=` \| `>>>=` +nonblocking\_assignment ::= [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) `<=` \[ [delay_or_event_control](#delay_or_event_control) ] [expression](#expression) +procedural\_continuous\_assignment ::= +    [assign](#assign) [variable_assignment](#variable_assignment) +    \| [deassign](#deassign) [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) +    \| [force](#force) [variable_assignment](#variable_assignment) +    \| [force](#force) [net_assignment](#net_assignment) +    \| [release](#release) [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) +    \| [release](#release) [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) +variable\_assignment ::= [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) `=` [expression](#expression) ### A.6.3 Parallel and sequential blocks -action\_block ::= -    [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| \[ [statement](#statement) ] [else](#else) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -seq\_block ::= -    [begin](#begin) \[ `:` [block_identifier](#block_identifier) ] \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } -    [end](#end) \[ `:` [block_identifier](#block_identifier) ] -par\_block ::= -    [fork](#fork) \[ `:` [block_identifier](#block_identifier) ] \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } -    [join_keyword](#join_keyword) \[ `:` [block_identifier](#block_identifier) ] -join\_keyword ::= [join](#join) \| [join_any](#join_any) \| [join_none](#join_none) +action\_block ::= +    [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| \[ [statement](#statement) ] [else](#else) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +seq\_block ::= +    [begin](#begin) \[ `:` [block_identifier](#block_identifier) ] \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } +    [end](#end) \[ `:` [block_identifier](#block_identifier) ] +par\_block ::= +    [fork](#fork) \[ `:` [block_identifier](#block_identifier) ] \{ [block_item_declaration](#block_item_declaration) } \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } +    [join_keyword](#join_keyword) \[ `:` [block_identifier](#block_identifier) ] +join\_keyword ::= [join](#join) \| [join_any](#join_any) \| [join_none](#join_none) ### A.6.4 Statements -statement\_or\_null ::= -    [statement](#statement) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `;` -statement ::= \[ [block_identifier](#block_identifier) `:` ] \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [statement_item](#statement_item) -statement\_item ::= -    [blocking_assignment](#blocking_assignment) `;` -    \| [nonblocking_assignment](#nonblocking_assignment) `;` -    \| [procedural_continuous_assignment](#procedural_continuous_assignment) `;` -    \| [case_statement](#case_statement) -    \| [conditional_statement](#conditional_statement) -    \| [subroutine_call_statement](#subroutine_call_statement) -    \| [disable_statement](#disable_statement) -    \| [event_trigger](#event_trigger) -    \| [loop_statement](#loop_statement) -    \| [jump_statement](#jump_statement) -    \| [par_block](#par_block) -    \| [procedural_timing_control_statement](#procedural_timing_control_statement) -    \| [seq_block](#seq_block) -    \| [wait_statement](#wait_statement) -    \| [procedural_assertion_statement](#procedural_assertion_statement) -    \| [clocking_drive](#clocking_drive) `;` -    \| [randsequence_statement](#randsequence_statement) -    \| [randcase_statement](#randcase_statement) -    \| [expect_property_statement](#expect_property_statement) -function\_statement ::= [statement](#statement) -function\_statement\_or\_null ::= -    [function_statement](#function_statement) -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `;` +statement\_or\_null ::= +    [statement](#statement) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `;` +statement ::= \[ [block_identifier](#block_identifier) `:` ] \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [statement_item](#statement_item) +statement\_item ::= +    [blocking_assignment](#blocking_assignment) `;` +    \| [nonblocking_assignment](#nonblocking_assignment) `;` +    \| [procedural_continuous_assignment](#procedural_continuous_assignment) `;` +    \| [case_statement](#case_statement) +    \| [conditional_statement](#conditional_statement) +    \| [subroutine_call_statement](#subroutine_call_statement) +    \| [disable_statement](#disable_statement) +    \| [event_trigger](#event_trigger) +    \| [loop_statement](#loop_statement) +    \| [jump_statement](#jump_statement) +    \| [par_block](#par_block) +    \| [procedural_timing_control_statement](#procedural_timing_control_statement) +    \| [seq_block](#seq_block) +    \| [wait_statement](#wait_statement) +    \| [procedural_assertion_statement](#procedural_assertion_statement) +    \| [clocking_drive](#clocking_drive) `;` +    \| [randsequence_statement](#randsequence_statement) +    \| [randcase_statement](#randcase_statement) +    \| [expect_property_statement](#expect_property_statement) +function\_statement ::= [statement](#statement) +function\_statement\_or\_null ::= +    [function_statement](#function_statement) +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } `;` ### A.6.5 Timing control statements -procedural\_timing\_control\_statement ::= [procedural_timing_control](#procedural_timing_control) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -delay\_or\_event\_control ::= -    [delay_control](#delay_control) -    \| [event_control](#event_control) -    \| [repeat](#repeat) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [event_control](#event_control) -delay\_control ::= -    `#` [delay_value](#delay_value) -    \| `#` `(` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) `)` -event\_control ::= -    [clocking_event](#clocking_event) -    \| `@` `*` -    \| `@` `(` `*` `)` -clocking\_event ::= -    `@` [ps_identifier](#ps_identifier) -    \| `@` [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -    \| `@` `(` [event_expression](#event_expression) `)` -event\_expression36 ::= -    \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [expression](#expression) \[ [iff](#iff) [expression](#expression) ] -    \| [sequence_instance](#sequence_instance) \[ [iff](#iff) [expression](#expression) ] -    \| [event_expression](#event_expression) [or](#or) [event_expression](#event_expression) -    \| [event_expression](#event_expression) `,` [event_expression](#event_expression) -    \| `(` [event_expression](#event_expression) `)` -procedural\_timing\_control ::= -    [delay_control](#delay_control) -    \| [event_control](#event_control) -    \| [cycle_delay](#cycle_delay) -jump\_statement ::= -    [return](#return) \[ [expression](#expression) ] `;` -    \| [break](#break) `;` -    \| [continue](#continue) `;` -wait\_statement ::= -    [wait](#wait) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [wait](#wait) [fork](#fork) `;` -    \| [wait_order](#wait_order) `(` [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) \{ `,` [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) } `)` [action_block](#action_block) -event\_trigger ::= -    `->` [hierarchical_event_identifier](#hierarchical_event_identifier) [nonrange_select](#nonrange_select) `;` -    \| `->>` \[ [delay_or_event_control](#delay_or_event_control) ] [hierarchical_event_identifier](#hierarchical_event_identifier) [nonrange_select](#nonrange_select) `;` -disable\_statement ::= -    [disable](#disable) [hierarchical_task_identifier](#hierarchical_task_identifier) `;` -    \| [disable](#disable) [hierarchical_block_identifier](#hierarchical_block_identifier) `;` -    \| [disable](#disable) [fork](#fork) `;` +procedural\_timing\_control\_statement ::= [procedural_timing_control](#procedural_timing_control) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +delay\_or\_event\_control ::= +    [delay_control](#delay_control) +    \| [event_control](#event_control) +    \| [repeat](#repeat) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [event_control](#event_control) +delay\_control ::= +    `#` [delay_value](#delay_value) +    \| `#` `(` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) `)` +event\_control ::= +    [clocking_event](#clocking_event) +    \| `@` `*` +    \| `@` `(` `*` `)` +clocking\_event ::= +    `@` [ps_identifier](#ps_identifier) +    \| `@` [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +    \| `@` `(` [event_expression](#event_expression) `)` +event\_expression36 ::= +    \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [expression](#expression) \[ [iff](#iff) [expression](#expression) ] +    \| [sequence_instance](#sequence_instance) \[ [iff](#iff) [expression](#expression) ] +    \| [event_expression](#event_expression) [or](#or) [event_expression](#event_expression) +    \| [event_expression](#event_expression) `,` [event_expression](#event_expression) +    \| `(` [event_expression](#event_expression) `)` +procedural\_timing\_control ::= +    [delay_control](#delay_control) +    \| [event_control](#event_control) +    \| [cycle_delay](#cycle_delay) +jump\_statement ::= +    [return](#return) \[ [expression](#expression) ] `;` +    \| [break](#break) `;` +    \| [continue](#continue) `;` +wait\_statement ::= +    [wait](#wait) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [wait](#wait) [fork](#fork) `;` +    \| [wait_order](#wait_order) `(` [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) \{ `,` [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) } `)` [action_block](#action_block) +event\_trigger ::= +    `->` [hierarchical_event_identifier](#hierarchical_event_identifier) [nonrange_select](#nonrange_select) `;` +    \| `->>` \[ [delay_or_event_control](#delay_or_event_control) ] [hierarchical_event_identifier](#hierarchical_event_identifier) [nonrange_select](#nonrange_select) `;` +disable\_statement ::= +    [disable](#disable) [hierarchical_task_identifier](#hierarchical_task_identifier) `;` +    \| [disable](#disable) [hierarchical_block_identifier](#hierarchical_block_identifier) `;` +    \| [disable](#disable) [fork](#fork) `;` ### A.6.6 Conditional statements -conditional\_statement ::= -    \[ [unique_priority](#unique_priority) ] [if](#if) `(` [cond_predicate](#cond_predicate) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \{ [else](#else) [if](#if) `(` [cond_predicate](#cond_predicate) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } -    \[ [else](#else) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) ] -unique\_priority ::= [unique](#unique) \| [unique0](#unique0) \| [priority](#priority) -cond\_predicate ::= [expression_or_cond_pattern](#expression_or_cond_pattern) \{ `&&&` [expression_or_cond_pattern](#expression_or_cond_pattern) } -expression\_or\_cond\_pattern ::= -    [expression](#expression) -    \| [cond_pattern](#cond_pattern) -cond\_pattern ::= [expression](#expression) [matches](#matches) [pattern](#pattern) +conditional\_statement ::= +    \[ [unique_priority](#unique_priority) ] [if](#if) `(` [cond_predicate](#cond_predicate) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \{ [else](#else) [if](#if) `(` [cond_predicate](#cond_predicate) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } +    \[ [else](#else) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) ] +unique\_priority ::= [unique](#unique) \| [unique0](#unique0) \| [priority](#priority) +cond\_predicate ::= [expression_or_cond_pattern](#expression_or_cond_pattern) \{ `&&&` [expression_or_cond_pattern](#expression_or_cond_pattern) } +expression\_or\_cond\_pattern ::= +    [expression](#expression) +    \| [cond_pattern](#cond_pattern) +cond\_pattern ::= [expression](#expression) [matches](#matches) [pattern](#pattern) ### A.6.7 Case statements -case\_statement ::= -    \[ [unique_priority](#unique_priority) ] [case_keyword](#case_keyword) `(` [case_expression](#case_expression) `)` -    [case_item](#case_item) \{ [case_item](#case_item) } [endcase](#endcase) -    \| \[ [unique_priority](#unique_priority) ] [case_keyword](#case_keyword) `(` [case_expression](#case_expression) `)` [matches](#matches) -    [case_pattern_item](#case_pattern_item) \{ [case_pattern_item](#case_pattern_item) } [endcase](#endcase) -    \| \[ [unique_priority](#unique_priority) ] [case](#case) `(` [case_expression](#case_expression) `)` [inside](#inside) -    [case_inside_item](#case_inside_item) \{ [case_inside_item](#case_inside_item) } [endcase](#endcase) -case\_keyword ::= [case](#case) \| [casez](#casez) \| [casex](#casex) -case\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) -case\_item ::= -    [case_item_expression](#case_item_expression) \{ `,` [case_item_expression](#case_item_expression) } `:` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -case\_pattern\_item ::= -    [pattern](#pattern) \[ `&&&` [expression](#expression) ] `:` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -case\_inside\_item ::= -    [range_list](#range_list) `:` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -case\_item\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) -randcase\_statement ::= [randcase](#randcase) [randcase_item](#randcase_item) \{ [randcase_item](#randcase_item) } [endcase](#endcase) -randcase\_item ::= [expression](#expression) `:` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -range\_list ::= [value_range](#value_range) \{ `,` [value_range](#value_range) } -value\_range ::= -    [expression](#expression) -    \| \[ [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) ] -    \| \[ `$` `:` [expression](#expression) ] -    \| \[ [expression](#expression) `:` `$` ] -    \| \[ [expression](#expression) `+/-` [expression](#expression) ] -    \| \[ [expression](#expression) `+%-` [expression](#expression) ] +case\_statement ::= +    \[ [unique_priority](#unique_priority) ] [case_keyword](#case_keyword) `(` [case_expression](#case_expression) `)` +    [case_item](#case_item) \{ [case_item](#case_item) } [endcase](#endcase) +    \| \[ [unique_priority](#unique_priority) ] [case_keyword](#case_keyword) `(` [case_expression](#case_expression) `)` [matches](#matches) +    [case_pattern_item](#case_pattern_item) \{ [case_pattern_item](#case_pattern_item) } [endcase](#endcase) +    \| \[ [unique_priority](#unique_priority) ] [case](#case) `(` [case_expression](#case_expression) `)` [inside](#inside) +    [case_inside_item](#case_inside_item) \{ [case_inside_item](#case_inside_item) } [endcase](#endcase) +case\_keyword ::= [case](#case) \| [casez](#casez) \| [casex](#casex) +case\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) +case\_item ::= +    [case_item_expression](#case_item_expression) \{ `,` [case_item_expression](#case_item_expression) } `:` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +case\_pattern\_item ::= +    [pattern](#pattern) \[ `&&&` [expression](#expression) ] `:` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +case\_inside\_item ::= +    [range_list](#range_list) `:` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +case\_item\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) +randcase\_statement ::= [randcase](#randcase) [randcase_item](#randcase_item) \{ [randcase_item](#randcase_item) } [endcase](#endcase) +randcase\_item ::= [expression](#expression) `:` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +range\_list ::= [value_range](#value_range) \{ `,` [value_range](#value_range) } +value\_range ::= +    [expression](#expression) +    \| \[ [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) ] +    \| \[ `$` `:` [expression](#expression) ] +    \| \[ [expression](#expression) `:` `$` ] +    \| \[ [expression](#expression) `+/-` [expression](#expression) ] +    \| \[ [expression](#expression) `+%-` [expression](#expression) ] #### A.6.7.1 Patterns -pattern ::= -    `(` [pattern](#pattern) `)` -    \| `.` [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) -    \| `.` `*` -    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -    \| [tagged](#tagged) [member_identifier](#member_identifier) \[ [pattern](#pattern) ] -    \| `'` \{ [pattern](#pattern) \{ `,` [pattern](#pattern) } } -    \| `'` \{ [member_identifier](#member_identifier) `:` [pattern](#pattern) \{ `,` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) `:` [pattern](#pattern) } } -assignment\_pattern ::= -    `'` \{ [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [expression](#expression) } } -    \| `'` \{ [structure_pattern_key](#structure_pattern_key) `:` [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [structure_pattern_key](#structure_pattern_key) `:` [expression](#expression) } } -    \| `'` \{ [array_pattern_key](#array_pattern_key) `:` [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [array_pattern_key](#array_pattern_key) `:` [expression](#expression) } } -    \| `'` \{ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \{ [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [expression](#expression) } } } -structure\_pattern\_key ::= [member_identifier](#member_identifier) \| [assignment_pattern_key](#assignment_pattern_key) -array\_pattern\_key ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \| [assignment_pattern_key](#assignment_pattern_key) -assignment\_pattern\_key ::= [simple_type](#simple_type) \| [default](#default) -assignment\_pattern\_expression ::= \[ [assignment_pattern_expression_type](#assignment_pattern_expression_type) ] [assignment_pattern](#assignment_pattern) -assignment\_pattern\_expression\_type ::= -    [ps_type_identifier](#ps_type_identifier) -    \| [ps_parameter_identifier](#ps_parameter_identifier) -    \| [integer_atom_type](#integer_atom_type) -    \| [type_reference](#type_reference) -constant\_assignment\_pattern\_expression ::= [assignment_pattern_expression37](#assignment_pattern_expression37) -assignment\_pattern\_net\_lvalue ::= `'` \{ [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) \{ `,` [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) } } -assignment\_pattern\_variable\_lvalue ::= `'` \{ [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) \{ `,` [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) } } +pattern ::= +    `(` [pattern](#pattern) `)` +    \| `.` [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) +    \| `.` `*` +    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +    \| [tagged](#tagged) [member_identifier](#member_identifier) \[ [pattern](#pattern) ] +    \| `'` \{ [pattern](#pattern) \{ `,` [pattern](#pattern) } } +    \| `'` \{ [member_identifier](#member_identifier) `:` [pattern](#pattern) \{ `,` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) `:` [pattern](#pattern) } } +assignment\_pattern ::= +    `'` \{ [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [expression](#expression) } } +    \| `'` \{ [structure_pattern_key](#structure_pattern_key) `:` [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [structure_pattern_key](#structure_pattern_key) `:` [expression](#expression) } } +    \| `'` \{ [array_pattern_key](#array_pattern_key) `:` [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [array_pattern_key](#array_pattern_key) `:` [expression](#expression) } } +    \| `'` \{ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \{ [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [expression](#expression) } } } +structure\_pattern\_key ::= [member_identifier](#member_identifier) \| [assignment_pattern_key](#assignment_pattern_key) +array\_pattern\_key ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \| [assignment_pattern_key](#assignment_pattern_key) +assignment\_pattern\_key ::= [simple_type](#simple_type) \| [default](#default) +assignment\_pattern\_expression ::= \[ [assignment_pattern_expression_type](#assignment_pattern_expression_type) ] [assignment_pattern](#assignment_pattern) +assignment\_pattern\_expression\_type ::= +    [ps_type_identifier](#ps_type_identifier) +    \| [ps_parameter_identifier](#ps_parameter_identifier) +    \| [integer_atom_type](#integer_atom_type) +    \| [type_reference](#type_reference) +constant\_assignment\_pattern\_expression ::= [assignment_pattern_expression37](#assignment_pattern_expression37) +assignment\_pattern\_net\_lvalue ::= `'` \{ [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) \{ `,` [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) } } +assignment\_pattern\_variable\_lvalue ::= `'` \{ [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) \{ `,` [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) } } ### A.6.8 Looping statements -loop\_statement ::= -    [forever](#forever) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [repeat](#repeat) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [while](#while) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [for](#for) `(` \[ [for_initialization](#for_initialization) ] `;` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `;` \[ [for_step](#for_step) ] `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [do](#do) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) [while](#while) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` `;` -    \| [foreach](#foreach) `(` [ps_or_hierarchical_array_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_array_identifier) \[ [loop_variables](#loop_variables) ] `)` [statement](#statement) -for\_initialization ::= -    [list_of_variable_assignments](#list_of_variable_assignments) -    \| [for_variable_declaration](#for_variable_declaration) \{ `,` [for_variable_declaration](#for_variable_declaration) } -for\_variable\_declaration ::= -    \[ [var](#var) ] [data_type](#data_type) [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) `=` [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) `=` [expression](#expression) }[18](#18) -for\_step ::= [for_step_assignment](#for_step_assignment) \{ `,` [for_step_assignment](#for_step_assignment) } -for\_step\_assignment ::= -    [operator_assignment](#operator_assignment) -    \| [inc_or_dec_expression](#inc_or_dec_expression) -    \| [function_subroutine_call](#function_subroutine_call) -loop\_variables ::= \[ [index_variable_identifier](#index_variable_identifier) ] \{ `,` \[ [index_variable_identifier](#index_variable_identifier) ] } +loop\_statement ::= +    [forever](#forever) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [repeat](#repeat) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [while](#while) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [for](#for) `(` \[ [for_initialization](#for_initialization) ] `;` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `;` \[ [for_step](#for_step) ] `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [do](#do) [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) [while](#while) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` `;` +    \| [foreach](#foreach) `(` [ps_or_hierarchical_array_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_array_identifier) \[ [loop_variables](#loop_variables) ] `)` [statement](#statement) +for\_initialization ::= +    [list_of_variable_assignments](#list_of_variable_assignments) +    \| [for_variable_declaration](#for_variable_declaration) \{ `,` [for_variable_declaration](#for_variable_declaration) } +for\_variable\_declaration ::= +    \[ [var](#var) ] [data_type](#data_type) [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) `=` [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) `=` [expression](#expression) }[18](#18) +for\_step ::= [for_step_assignment](#for_step_assignment) \{ `,` [for_step_assignment](#for_step_assignment) } +for\_step\_assignment ::= +    [operator_assignment](#operator_assignment) +    \| [inc_or_dec_expression](#inc_or_dec_expression) +    \| [function_subroutine_call](#function_subroutine_call) +loop\_variables ::= \[ [index_variable_identifier](#index_variable_identifier) ] \{ `,` \[ [index_variable_identifier](#index_variable_identifier) ] } ### A.6.9 Subroutine call statements -subroutine\_call\_statement ::= -    [subroutine_call](#subroutine_call) `;` -    \| [void](#void) `'` `(` [function_subroutine_call](#function_subroutine_call) `)` `;` +subroutine\_call\_statement ::= +    [subroutine_call](#subroutine_call) `;` +    \| [void](#void) `'` `(` [function_subroutine_call](#function_subroutine_call) `)` `;` ### A.6.10 Assertion statements -assertion\_item ::= -    [concurrent_assertion_item](#concurrent_assertion_item) -    \| [deferred_immediate_assertion_item](#deferred_immediate_assertion_item) -deferred\_immediate\_assertion\_item ::= \[ [block_identifier](#block_identifier) `:` ] [deferred_immediate_assertion_statement](#deferred_immediate_assertion_statement) -procedural\_assertion\_statement ::= -    [concurrent_assertion_statement](#concurrent_assertion_statement) -    \| [immediate_assertion_statement](#immediate_assertion_statement) -    \| [checker_instantiation](#checker_instantiation) -immediate\_assertion\_statement ::= -    [simple_immediate_assertion_statement](#simple_immediate_assertion_statement) -    \| [deferred_immediate_assertion_statement](#deferred_immediate_assertion_statement) -simple\_immediate\_assertion\_statement ::= -    [simple_immediate_assert_statement](#simple_immediate_assert_statement) -    \| [simple_immediate_assume_statement](#simple_immediate_assume_statement) -    \| [simple_immediate_cover_statement](#simple_immediate_cover_statement) -deferred\_immediate\_assertion\_statement ::= -    [deferred_immediate_assert_statement](#deferred_immediate_assert_statement) -    \| [deferred_immediate_assume_statement](#deferred_immediate_assume_statement) -    \| [deferred_immediate_cover_statement](#deferred_immediate_cover_statement) -simple\_immediate\_assert\_statement ::= -    [assert](#assert) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -simple\_immediate\_assume\_statement ::= -    [assume](#assume) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -simple\_immediate\_cover\_statement ::= -    [cover](#cover) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -deferred\_immediate\_assert\_statement ::= -    [assert](#assert) `#`[0](#0) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -    \| [assert](#assert) [final](#final) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -deferred\_immediate\_assume\_statement ::= -    [assume](#assume) `#`[0](#0) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -    \| [assume](#assume) [final](#final) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) -deferred\_immediate\_cover\_statement ::= -    [cover](#cover) `#`[0](#0) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) -    \| [cover](#cover) [final](#final) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +assertion\_item ::= +    [concurrent_assertion_item](#concurrent_assertion_item) +    \| [deferred_immediate_assertion_item](#deferred_immediate_assertion_item) +deferred\_immediate\_assertion\_item ::= \[ [block_identifier](#block_identifier) `:` ] [deferred_immediate_assertion_statement](#deferred_immediate_assertion_statement) +procedural\_assertion\_statement ::= +    [concurrent_assertion_statement](#concurrent_assertion_statement) +    \| [immediate_assertion_statement](#immediate_assertion_statement) +    \| [checker_instantiation](#checker_instantiation) +immediate\_assertion\_statement ::= +    [simple_immediate_assertion_statement](#simple_immediate_assertion_statement) +    \| [deferred_immediate_assertion_statement](#deferred_immediate_assertion_statement) +simple\_immediate\_assertion\_statement ::= +    [simple_immediate_assert_statement](#simple_immediate_assert_statement) +    \| [simple_immediate_assume_statement](#simple_immediate_assume_statement) +    \| [simple_immediate_cover_statement](#simple_immediate_cover_statement) +deferred\_immediate\_assertion\_statement ::= +    [deferred_immediate_assert_statement](#deferred_immediate_assert_statement) +    \| [deferred_immediate_assume_statement](#deferred_immediate_assume_statement) +    \| [deferred_immediate_cover_statement](#deferred_immediate_cover_statement) +simple\_immediate\_assert\_statement ::= +    [assert](#assert) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +simple\_immediate\_assume\_statement ::= +    [assume](#assume) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +simple\_immediate\_cover\_statement ::= +    [cover](#cover) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +deferred\_immediate\_assert\_statement ::= +    [assert](#assert) `#`[0](#0) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +    \| [assert](#assert) [final](#final) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +deferred\_immediate\_assume\_statement ::= +    [assume](#assume) `#`[0](#0) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +    \| [assume](#assume) [final](#final) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [action_block](#action_block) +deferred\_immediate\_cover\_statement ::= +    [cover](#cover) `#`[0](#0) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) +    \| [cover](#cover) [final](#final) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) ### A.6.11 Clocking block -clocking\_declaration ::= -    \[ [default](#default) ] [clocking](#clocking) \[ [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) ] [clocking_event](#clocking_event) `;` -    \{ [clocking_item](#clocking_item) } -    [endclocking](#endclocking) \[ `:` [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) ] -    \| [global](#global) [clocking](#clocking) \[ [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) ] [clocking_event](#clocking_event) `;` -    [endclocking](#endclocking) \[ `:` [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) ] -clocking\_item ::= -    [default](#default) [default_skew](#default_skew) `;` -    \| [clocking_direction](#clocking_direction) [list_of_clocking_decl_assign](#list_of_clocking_decl_assign) `;` -    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [assertion_item_declaration](#assertion_item_declaration) -default\_skew ::= -    [input](#input) [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) -    \| [output](#output) [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) -    \| [input](#input) [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) [output](#output) [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) -clocking\_direction ::= -    [input](#input) \[ [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) ] -    \| [output](#output) \[ [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) ] -    \| [input](#input) \[ [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) ] [output](#output) \[ [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) ] -    \| [inout](#inout) -list\_of\_clocking\_decl\_assign ::= [clocking_decl_assign](#clocking_decl_assign) \{ `,` [clocking_decl_assign](#clocking_decl_assign) } -clocking\_decl\_assign ::= [signal_identifier](#signal_identifier) \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] -clocking\_skew ::= -    [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) \[ [delay_control](#delay_control) ] -    \| [delay_control](#delay_control) -clocking\_drive ::= [clockvar_expression](#clockvar_expression) `<=` \[ [cycle_delay](#cycle_delay) ] [expression](#expression) -cycle\_delay ::= -    `##` [integral_number](#integral_number) -    \| `##` [identifier](#identifier) -    \| `##` `(` [expression](#expression) `)` -clockvar ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -clockvar\_expression ::= [clockvar](#clockvar) [select](#select) +clocking\_declaration ::= +    \[ [default](#default) ] [clocking](#clocking) \[ [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) ] [clocking_event](#clocking_event) `;` +    \{ [clocking_item](#clocking_item) } +    [endclocking](#endclocking) \[ `:` [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) ] +    \| [global](#global) [clocking](#clocking) \[ [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) ] [clocking_event](#clocking_event) `;` +    [endclocking](#endclocking) \[ `:` [clocking_identifier](#clocking_identifier) ] +clocking\_item ::= +    [default](#default) [default_skew](#default_skew) `;` +    \| [clocking_direction](#clocking_direction) [list_of_clocking_decl_assign](#list_of_clocking_decl_assign) `;` +    \| \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [assertion_item_declaration](#assertion_item_declaration) +default\_skew ::= +    [input](#input) [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) +    \| [output](#output) [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) +    \| [input](#input) [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) [output](#output) [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) +clocking\_direction ::= +    [input](#input) \[ [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) ] +    \| [output](#output) \[ [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) ] +    \| [input](#input) \[ [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) ] [output](#output) \[ [clocking_skew](#clocking_skew) ] +    \| [inout](#inout) +list\_of\_clocking\_decl\_assign ::= [clocking_decl_assign](#clocking_decl_assign) \{ `,` [clocking_decl_assign](#clocking_decl_assign) } +clocking\_decl\_assign ::= [signal_identifier](#signal_identifier) \[ `=` [expression](#expression) ] +clocking\_skew ::= +    [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) \[ [delay_control](#delay_control) ] +    \| [delay_control](#delay_control) +clocking\_drive ::= [clockvar_expression](#clockvar_expression) `<=` \[ [cycle_delay](#cycle_delay) ] [expression](#expression) +cycle\_delay ::= +    `##` [integral_number](#integral_number) +    \| `##` [identifier](#identifier) +    \| `##` `(` [expression](#expression) `)` +clockvar ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +clockvar\_expression ::= [clockvar](#clockvar) [select](#select) ### A.6.12 Randsequence -randsequence\_statement ::= -    [randsequence](#randsequence) `(` \[ [rs_production_identifier](#rs_production_identifier) ] `)` -    [rs_production](#rs_production) \{ [rs_production](#rs_production) } -    [endsequence](#endsequence) -rs\_production ::= \[ [data_type_or_void](#data_type_or_void) ] [rs_production_identifier](#rs_production_identifier) \[ `(` [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) `)` ] `:` [rs_rule](#rs_rule) \{ \| [rs_rule](#rs_rule) } `;` -rs\_rule ::= [rs_production_list](#rs_production_list) \[ `:=` [rs_weight_specification](#rs_weight_specification) \[ [rs_code_block](#rs_code_block) ] ] -rs\_production\_list ::= -    [rs_prod](#rs_prod) \{ [rs_prod](#rs_prod) } -    \| [rand](#rand) [join](#join) \[ `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) \{ [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) } -rs\_weight\_specification ::= -    [integral_number](#integral_number) -    \| [ps_identifier](#ps_identifier) -    \| `(` [expression](#expression) `)` -rs\_code\_block ::= \{ \{ [data_declaration](#data_declaration) } \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } } -rs\_prod ::= -    [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) -    \| [rs_code_block](#rs_code_block) -    \| [rs_if_else](#rs_if_else) -    \| [rs_repeat](#rs_repeat) -    \| [rs_case](#rs_case) -rs\_production\_item ::= [rs_production_identifier](#rs_production_identifier) \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] -rs\_if\_else ::= [if](#if) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) \[ [else](#else) [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) ] -rs\_repeat ::= [repeat](#repeat) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) -rs\_case ::= [case](#case) `(` [case_expression](#case_expression) `)` [rs_case_item](#rs_case_item) \{ [rs_case_item](#rs_case_item) } [endcase](#endcase) -rs\_case\_item ::= -    [case_item_expression](#case_item_expression) \{ `,` [case_item_expression](#case_item_expression) } `:` [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) `;` -    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) `;` +randsequence\_statement ::= +    [randsequence](#randsequence) `(` \[ [rs_production_identifier](#rs_production_identifier) ] `)` +    [rs_production](#rs_production) \{ [rs_production](#rs_production) } +    [endsequence](#endsequence) +rs\_production ::= \[ [data_type_or_void](#data_type_or_void) ] [rs_production_identifier](#rs_production_identifier) \[ `(` [tf_port_list](#tf_port_list) `)` ] `:` [rs_rule](#rs_rule) \{ \| [rs_rule](#rs_rule) } `;` +rs\_rule ::= [rs_production_list](#rs_production_list) \[ `:=` [rs_weight_specification](#rs_weight_specification) \[ [rs_code_block](#rs_code_block) ] ] +rs\_production\_list ::= +    [rs_prod](#rs_prod) \{ [rs_prod](#rs_prod) } +    \| [rand](#rand) [join](#join) \[ `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) \{ [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) } +rs\_weight\_specification ::= +    [integral_number](#integral_number) +    \| [ps_identifier](#ps_identifier) +    \| `(` [expression](#expression) `)` +rs\_code\_block ::= \{ \{ [data_declaration](#data_declaration) } \{ [statement_or_null](#statement_or_null) } } +rs\_prod ::= +    [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) +    \| [rs_code_block](#rs_code_block) +    \| [rs_if_else](#rs_if_else) +    \| [rs_repeat](#rs_repeat) +    \| [rs_case](#rs_case) +rs\_production\_item ::= [rs_production_identifier](#rs_production_identifier) \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] +rs\_if\_else ::= [if](#if) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) \[ [else](#else) [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) ] +rs\_repeat ::= [repeat](#repeat) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) +rs\_case ::= [case](#case) `(` [case_expression](#case_expression) `)` [rs_case_item](#rs_case_item) \{ [rs_case_item](#rs_case_item) } [endcase](#endcase) +rs\_case\_item ::= +    [case_item_expression](#case_item_expression) \{ `,` [case_item_expression](#case_item_expression) } `:` [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) `;` +    \| [default](#default) \[ `:` ] [rs_production_item](#rs_production_item) `;` ## A.7 Specify section ### A.7.1 Specify block declaration -specify\_block ::= [specify](#specify) \{ [specify_item](#specify_item) } [endspecify](#endspecify) -specify\_item ::= -    [specparam_declaration](#specparam_declaration) -    \| [pulsestyle_declaration](#pulsestyle_declaration) -    \| [showcancelled_declaration](#showcancelled_declaration) -    \| [path_declaration](#path_declaration) -    \| [system_timing_check](#system_timing_check) -pulsestyle\_declaration ::= -    [pulsestyle_onevent](#pulsestyle_onevent) [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `;` -    \| [pulsestyle_ondetect](#pulsestyle_ondetect) [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `;` -showcancelled\_declaration ::= -    [showcancelled](#showcancelled) [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `;` -    \| [noshowcancelled](#noshowcancelled) [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `;` +specify\_block ::= [specify](#specify) \{ [specify_item](#specify_item) } [endspecify](#endspecify) +specify\_item ::= +    [specparam_declaration](#specparam_declaration) +    \| [pulsestyle_declaration](#pulsestyle_declaration) +    \| [showcancelled_declaration](#showcancelled_declaration) +    \| [path_declaration](#path_declaration) +    \| [system_timing_check](#system_timing_check) +pulsestyle\_declaration ::= +    [pulsestyle_onevent](#pulsestyle_onevent) [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `;` +    \| [pulsestyle_ondetect](#pulsestyle_ondetect) [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `;` +showcancelled\_declaration ::= +    [showcancelled](#showcancelled) [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `;` +    \| [noshowcancelled](#noshowcancelled) [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `;` ### A.7.2 Specify path declarations -path\_declaration ::= -    [simple_path_declaration](#simple_path_declaration) `;` -    \| [edge_sensitive_path_declaration](#edge_sensitive_path_declaration) `;` -    \| [state_dependent_path_declaration](#state_dependent_path_declaration) `;` -simple\_path\_declaration ::= -    [parallel_path_description](#parallel_path_description) `=` [path_delay_value](#path_delay_value) -    \| [full_path_description](#full_path_description) `=` [path_delay_value](#path_delay_value) -parallel\_path\_description ::= -    `(` [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `=>` [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) `)` -full\_path\_description ::= `(` [list_of_path_inputs](#list_of_path_inputs) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `*>` [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `)` -edge\_sensitive\_path\_declaration ::= -    [parallel_edge_sensitive_path_description](#parallel_edge_sensitive_path_description) `=` [path_delay_value](#path_delay_value) -    \| [full_edge_sensitive_path_description](#full_edge_sensitive_path_description) `=` [path_delay_value](#path_delay_value) -parallel\_edge\_sensitive\_path\_description ::= -    `(` \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `=>` -    `(` [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `:` [data_source_expression](#data_source_expression) `)` `)` -    \| `(` \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `=>` -    [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) `)` -full\_edge\_sensitive\_path\_description ::= -    `(` \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [list_of_path_inputs](#list_of_path_inputs) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `*>` -    `(` [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `:` [data_source_expression](#data_source_expression) `)` `)` -    \| `(` \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [list_of_path_inputs](#list_of_path_inputs) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `*>` -    [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `)` -state\_dependent\_path\_declaration ::= -    [if](#if) `(` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `)` [simple_path_declaration](#simple_path_declaration) -    \| [if](#if) `(` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `)` [edge_sensitive_path_declaration](#edge_sensitive_path_declaration) -    \| [ifnone](#ifnone) [simple_path_declaration](#simple_path_declaration) -data\_source\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) -edge\_identifier ::= [posedge](#posedge) \| [negedge](#negedge) \| [edge](#edge) -polarity\_operator ::= `+` \| `-` +path\_declaration ::= +    [simple_path_declaration](#simple_path_declaration) `;` +    \| [edge_sensitive_path_declaration](#edge_sensitive_path_declaration) `;` +    \| [state_dependent_path_declaration](#state_dependent_path_declaration) `;` +simple\_path\_declaration ::= +    [parallel_path_description](#parallel_path_description) `=` [path_delay_value](#path_delay_value) +    \| [full_path_description](#full_path_description) `=` [path_delay_value](#path_delay_value) +parallel\_path\_description ::= +    `(` [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `=>` [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) `)` +full\_path\_description ::= `(` [list_of_path_inputs](#list_of_path_inputs) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `*>` [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `)` +edge\_sensitive\_path\_declaration ::= +    [parallel_edge_sensitive_path_description](#parallel_edge_sensitive_path_description) `=` [path_delay_value](#path_delay_value) +    \| [full_edge_sensitive_path_description](#full_edge_sensitive_path_description) `=` [path_delay_value](#path_delay_value) +parallel\_edge\_sensitive\_path\_description ::= +    `(` \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `=>` +    `(` [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `:` [data_source_expression](#data_source_expression) `)` `)` +    \| `(` \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `=>` +    [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) `)` +full\_edge\_sensitive\_path\_description ::= +    `(` \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [list_of_path_inputs](#list_of_path_inputs) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `*>` +    `(` [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `:` [data_source_expression](#data_source_expression) `)` `)` +    \| `(` \[ [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) ] [list_of_path_inputs](#list_of_path_inputs) \[ [polarity_operator](#polarity_operator) ] `*>` +    [list_of_path_outputs](#list_of_path_outputs) `)` +state\_dependent\_path\_declaration ::= +    [if](#if) `(` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `)` [simple_path_declaration](#simple_path_declaration) +    \| [if](#if) `(` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `)` [edge_sensitive_path_declaration](#edge_sensitive_path_declaration) +    \| [ifnone](#ifnone) [simple_path_declaration](#simple_path_declaration) +data\_source\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) +edge\_identifier ::= [posedge](#posedge) \| [negedge](#negedge) \| [edge](#edge) +polarity\_operator ::= `+` \| `-` ### A.7.3 Specify block terminals -list\_of\_path\_inputs ::= [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) \{ `,` [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) } -list\_of\_path\_outputs ::= [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) \{ `,` [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) } -specify\_input\_terminal\_descriptor ::= [input_identifier](#input_identifier) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] -specify\_output\_terminal\_descriptor ::= [output_identifier](#output_identifier) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] -input\_identifier ::= -    [input_port_identifier](#input_port_identifier) -    \| [inout_port_identifier](#inout_port_identifier) -    \| [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) -output\_identifier ::= -    [output_port_identifier](#output_port_identifier) -    \| [inout_port_identifier](#inout_port_identifier) -    \| [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) +list\_of\_path\_inputs ::= [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) \{ `,` [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) } +list\_of\_path\_outputs ::= [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) \{ `,` [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) } +specify\_input\_terminal\_descriptor ::= [input_identifier](#input_identifier) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] +specify\_output\_terminal\_descriptor ::= [output_identifier](#output_identifier) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] +input\_identifier ::= +    [input_port_identifier](#input_port_identifier) +    \| [inout_port_identifier](#inout_port_identifier) +    \| [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) +output\_identifier ::= +    [output_port_identifier](#output_port_identifier) +    \| [inout_port_identifier](#inout_port_identifier) +    \| [interface_identifier](#interface_identifier) `.` [port_identifier](#port_identifier) ### A.7.4 Specify path delays -path\_delay\_value ::= -    [list_of_path_delay_expressions](#list_of_path_delay_expressions) -    \| `(` [list_of_path_delay_expressions](#list_of_path_delay_expressions) `)` -list\_of\_path\_delay\_expressions ::= -    [t_path_delay_expression](#t_path_delay_expression) -    \| [trise_path_delay_expression](#trise_path_delay_expression) `,` [tfall_path_delay_expression](#tfall_path_delay_expression) -    \| [trise_path_delay_expression](#trise_path_delay_expression) `,` [tfall_path_delay_expression](#tfall_path_delay_expression) `,` [tz_path_delay_expression](#tz_path_delay_expression) -    \| [t01_path_delay_expression](#t01_path_delay_expression) `,` [t10_path_delay_expression](#t10_path_delay_expression) `,` [t0z_path_delay_expression](#t0z_path_delay_expression) `,` -    [tz1_path_delay_expression](#tz1_path_delay_expression) `,` [t1z_path_delay_expression](#t1z_path_delay_expression) `,` [tz0_path_delay_expression](#tz0_path_delay_expression) -    \| [t01_path_delay_expression](#t01_path_delay_expression) `,` [t10_path_delay_expression](#t10_path_delay_expression) `,` [t0z_path_delay_expression](#t0z_path_delay_expression) `,` -    [tz1_path_delay_expression](#tz1_path_delay_expression) `,` [t1z_path_delay_expression](#t1z_path_delay_expression) `,` [tz0_path_delay_expression](#tz0_path_delay_expression) `,` -    [t0x_path_delay_expression](#t0x_path_delay_expression) `,` [tx1_path_delay_expression](#tx1_path_delay_expression) `,` [t1x_path_delay_expression](#t1x_path_delay_expression) `,` -    [tx0_path_delay_expression](#tx0_path_delay_expression) `,` [txz_path_delay_expression](#txz_path_delay_expression) `,` [tzx_path_delay_expression](#tzx_path_delay_expression) -t\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -trise\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -tfall\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -tz\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -t01\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -t10\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -t0z\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -tz1\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -t1z\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -tz0\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -t0x\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -tx1\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -t1x\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -tx0\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -txz\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -tzx\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) -path\_delay\_expression ::= [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) +path\_delay\_value ::= +    [list_of_path_delay_expressions](#list_of_path_delay_expressions) +    \| `(` [list_of_path_delay_expressions](#list_of_path_delay_expressions) `)` +list\_of\_path\_delay\_expressions ::= +    [t_path_delay_expression](#t_path_delay_expression) +    \| [trise_path_delay_expression](#trise_path_delay_expression) `,` [tfall_path_delay_expression](#tfall_path_delay_expression) +    \| [trise_path_delay_expression](#trise_path_delay_expression) `,` [tfall_path_delay_expression](#tfall_path_delay_expression) `,` [tz_path_delay_expression](#tz_path_delay_expression) +    \| [t01_path_delay_expression](#t01_path_delay_expression) `,` [t10_path_delay_expression](#t10_path_delay_expression) `,` [t0z_path_delay_expression](#t0z_path_delay_expression) `,` +    [tz1_path_delay_expression](#tz1_path_delay_expression) `,` [t1z_path_delay_expression](#t1z_path_delay_expression) `,` [tz0_path_delay_expression](#tz0_path_delay_expression) +    \| [t01_path_delay_expression](#t01_path_delay_expression) `,` [t10_path_delay_expression](#t10_path_delay_expression) `,` [t0z_path_delay_expression](#t0z_path_delay_expression) `,` +    [tz1_path_delay_expression](#tz1_path_delay_expression) `,` [t1z_path_delay_expression](#t1z_path_delay_expression) `,` [tz0_path_delay_expression](#tz0_path_delay_expression) `,` +    [t0x_path_delay_expression](#t0x_path_delay_expression) `,` [tx1_path_delay_expression](#tx1_path_delay_expression) `,` [t1x_path_delay_expression](#t1x_path_delay_expression) `,` +    [tx0_path_delay_expression](#tx0_path_delay_expression) `,` [txz_path_delay_expression](#txz_path_delay_expression) `,` [tzx_path_delay_expression](#tzx_path_delay_expression) +t\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +trise\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +tfall\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +tz\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +t01\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +t10\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +t0z\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +tz1\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +t1z\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +tz0\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +t0x\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +tx1\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +t1x\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +tx0\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +txz\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +tzx\_path\_delay\_expression ::= [path_delay_expression](#path_delay_expression) +path\_delay\_expression ::= [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) ### A.7.5 System timing checks #### A.7.5.1 System timing check commands -system\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[setup_timing_check](#setup_timing_check) -    \| `$`[hold_timing_check](#hold_timing_check) -    \| `$`[setuphold_timing_check](#setuphold_timing_check) -    \| `$`[recovery_timing_check](#recovery_timing_check) -    \| `$`[removal_timing_check](#removal_timing_check) -    \| `$`[recrem_timing_check](#recrem_timing_check) -    \| `$`[skew_timing_check](#skew_timing_check) -    \| `$`[timeskew_timing_check](#timeskew_timing_check) -    \| `$`[fullskew_timing_check](#fullskew_timing_check) -    \| `$`[period_timing_check](#period_timing_check) -    \| `$`[width_timing_check](#width_timing_check) -    \| `$`[nochange_timing_check](#nochange_timing_check) -    `$` -setup\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[setup](#setup) `(` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -hold\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[hold](#hold) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -setuphold\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[setuphold](#setuphold) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) -    \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] \[ `,` \[ [timestamp_condition](#timestamp_condition) ] \[ `,` \[ [timecheck_condition](#timecheck_condition) ] -    \[ `,` \[ [delayed_reference](#delayed_reference) ] \[ `,` \[ [delayed_data](#delayed_data) ] ] ] ] ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -recovery\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[recovery](#recovery) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -removal\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[removal](#removal) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -recrem\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[recrem](#recrem) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) -    \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] \[ `,` \[ [timestamp_condition](#timestamp_condition) ] \[ `,` \[ [timecheck_condition](#timecheck_condition) ] -    \[ `,` \[ [delayed_reference](#delayed_reference) ] \[ `,` \[ [delayed_data](#delayed_data) ] ] ] ] ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -skew\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[skew](#skew) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -timeskew\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[timeskew](#timeskew) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) -    \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] \[ `,` \[ [event_based_flag](#event_based_flag) ] \[ `,` \[ [remain_active_flag](#remain_active_flag) ] ] ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -fullskew\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[fullskew](#fullskew) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) -    \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] \[ `,` \[ [event_based_flag](#event_based_flag) ] \[ `,` \[ [remain_active_flag](#remain_active_flag) ] ] ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -period\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[period](#period) `(` [controlled_reference_event](#controlled_reference_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -width\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[width](#width) `(` [controlled_reference_event](#controlled_reference_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) `,` [threshold](#threshold) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` -    `$` -nochange\_timing\_check ::= -    `$`[nochange](#nochange) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [start_edge_offset](#start_edge_offset) `,` [end_edge_offset](#end_edge_offset) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `);` +system\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[setup_timing_check](#setup_timing_check) +    \| `$`[hold_timing_check](#hold_timing_check) +    \| `$`[setuphold_timing_check](#setuphold_timing_check) +    \| `$`[recovery_timing_check](#recovery_timing_check) +    \| `$`[removal_timing_check](#removal_timing_check) +    \| `$`[recrem_timing_check](#recrem_timing_check) +    \| `$`[skew_timing_check](#skew_timing_check) +    \| `$`[timeskew_timing_check](#timeskew_timing_check) +    \| `$`[fullskew_timing_check](#fullskew_timing_check) +    \| `$`[period_timing_check](#period_timing_check) +    \| `$`[width_timing_check](#width_timing_check) +    \| `$`[nochange_timing_check](#nochange_timing_check) +    `$` +setup\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[setup](#setup) `(` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +hold\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[hold](#hold) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +setuphold\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[setuphold](#setuphold) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) +    \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] \[ `,` \[ [timestamp_condition](#timestamp_condition) ] \[ `,` \[ [timecheck_condition](#timecheck_condition) ] +    \[ `,` \[ [delayed_reference](#delayed_reference) ] \[ `,` \[ [delayed_data](#delayed_data) ] ] ] ] ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +recovery\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[recovery](#recovery) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +removal\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[removal](#removal) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +recrem\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[recrem](#recrem) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) +    \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] \[ `,` \[ [timestamp_condition](#timestamp_condition) ] \[ `,` \[ [timecheck_condition](#timecheck_condition) ] +    \[ `,` \[ [delayed_reference](#delayed_reference) ] \[ `,` \[ [delayed_data](#delayed_data) ] ] ] ] ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +skew\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[skew](#skew) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +timeskew\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[timeskew](#timeskew) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) +    \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] \[ `,` \[ [event_based_flag](#event_based_flag) ] \[ `,` \[ [remain_active_flag](#remain_active_flag) ] ] ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +fullskew\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[fullskew](#fullskew) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) +    \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] \[ `,` \[ [event_based_flag](#event_based_flag) ] \[ `,` \[ [remain_active_flag](#remain_active_flag) ] ] ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +period\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[period](#period) `(` [controlled_reference_event](#controlled_reference_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +width\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[width](#width) `(` [controlled_reference_event](#controlled_reference_event) `,` [timing_check_limit](#timing_check_limit) `,` [threshold](#threshold) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `)` `;` +    `$` +nochange\_timing\_check ::= +    `$`[nochange](#nochange) `(` [reference_event](#reference_event) `,` [data_event](#data_event) `,` [start_edge_offset](#start_edge_offset) `,` [end_edge_offset](#end_edge_offset) \[ `,` \[ [notifier](#notifier) ] ] `);` #### A.7.5.2 System timing check command arguments -controlled\_reference\_event ::= [controlled_timing_check_event](#controlled_timing_check_event) -data\_event ::= [timing_check_event](#timing_check_event) -delayed\_data ::= -    [terminal_identifier](#terminal_identifier) -    \| [terminal_identifier](#terminal_identifier) \[ [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) ] -delayed\_reference ::= -    [terminal_identifier](#terminal_identifier) -    \| [terminal_identifier](#terminal_identifier) \[ [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) ] -end\_edge\_offset ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) -event\_based\_flag ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -notifier ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) -reference\_event ::= [timing_check_event](#timing_check_event) -remain\_active\_flag ::= [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) -timecheck\_condition ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) -timestamp\_condition ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) -start\_edge\_offset ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) -threshold ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -timing\_check\_limit ::= [expression](#expression) +controlled\_reference\_event ::= [controlled_timing_check_event](#controlled_timing_check_event) +data\_event ::= [timing_check_event](#timing_check_event) +delayed\_data ::= +    [terminal_identifier](#terminal_identifier) +    \| [terminal_identifier](#terminal_identifier) \[ [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) ] +delayed\_reference ::= +    [terminal_identifier](#terminal_identifier) +    \| [terminal_identifier](#terminal_identifier) \[ [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) ] +end\_edge\_offset ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) +event\_based\_flag ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +notifier ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) +reference\_event ::= [timing_check_event](#timing_check_event) +remain\_active\_flag ::= [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) +timecheck\_condition ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) +timestamp\_condition ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) +start\_edge\_offset ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) +threshold ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +timing\_check\_limit ::= [expression](#expression) #### A.7.5.3 System timing check event definitions -timing\_check\_event ::= -    \[ [timing_check_event_control](#timing_check_event_control) ] [specify_terminal_descriptor](#specify_terminal_descriptor) \[ `&&&` [timing_check_condition](#timing_check_condition) ] -controlled\_timing\_check\_event ::= -    [timing_check_event_control](#timing_check_event_control) [specify_terminal_descriptor](#specify_terminal_descriptor) \[ `&&&` [timing_check_condition](#timing_check_condition) ] -timing\_check\_event\_control ::= -    [posedge](#posedge) -    \| [negedge](#negedge) -    \| [edge](#edge) -    \| [edge_control_specifier](#edge_control_specifier) -specify\_terminal\_descriptor ::= -    [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) -    \| [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) -edge\_control\_specifier ::= [edge](#edge) \[ [edge_descriptor](#edge_descriptor) \{ `,` [edge_descriptor](#edge_descriptor) } ] -edge\_descriptor38 ::= [01](#01) \| [10](#10) \| [z_or_x](#z_or_x) [zero_or_one](#zero_or_one) \| [zero_or_one](#zero_or_one) [z_or_x](#z_or_x) -zero\_or\_one ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) -z\_or\_x ::= [x](#x) \| [X](#X) \| [z](#z) \| [Z](#Z) -timing\_check\_condition ::= -    [scalar_timing_check_condition](#scalar_timing_check_condition) -    \| `(` [scalar_timing_check_condition](#scalar_timing_check_condition) `)` -scalar\_timing\_check\_condition ::= -    [expression](#expression) -    \| `~` [expression](#expression) -    \| [expression](#expression) `==` [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) -    \| [expression](#expression) `===` [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) -    \| [expression](#expression) `!=` [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) -    \| [expression](#expression) `!==` [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) -scalar\_constant ::= [1](#1)`'`[b0](#b0) \| [1](#1)`'`[b1](#b1) \| [1](#1)`'`[B0](#B0) \| [1](#1)`'`[B1](#B1) \| `'`[b0](#b0) \| `'`[b1](#b1) \| `'`[B0](#B0) \| `'`[B1](#B1) \| [1](#1) \| [0](#0) +timing\_check\_event ::= +    \[ [timing_check_event_control](#timing_check_event_control) ] [specify_terminal_descriptor](#specify_terminal_descriptor) \[ `&&&` [timing_check_condition](#timing_check_condition) ] +controlled\_timing\_check\_event ::= +    [timing_check_event_control](#timing_check_event_control) [specify_terminal_descriptor](#specify_terminal_descriptor) \[ `&&&` [timing_check_condition](#timing_check_condition) ] +timing\_check\_event\_control ::= +    [posedge](#posedge) +    \| [negedge](#negedge) +    \| [edge](#edge) +    \| [edge_control_specifier](#edge_control_specifier) +specify\_terminal\_descriptor ::= +    [specify_input_terminal_descriptor](#specify_input_terminal_descriptor) +    \| [specify_output_terminal_descriptor](#specify_output_terminal_descriptor) +edge\_control\_specifier ::= [edge](#edge) \[ [edge_descriptor](#edge_descriptor) \{ `,` [edge_descriptor](#edge_descriptor) } ] +edge\_descriptor38 ::= [01](#01) \| [10](#10) \| [z_or_x](#z_or_x) [zero_or_one](#zero_or_one) \| [zero_or_one](#zero_or_one) [z_or_x](#z_or_x) +zero\_or\_one ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) +z\_or\_x ::= [x](#x) \| [X](#X) \| [z](#z) \| [Z](#Z) +timing\_check\_condition ::= +    [scalar_timing_check_condition](#scalar_timing_check_condition) +    \| `(` [scalar_timing_check_condition](#scalar_timing_check_condition) `)` +scalar\_timing\_check\_condition ::= +    [expression](#expression) +    \| `~` [expression](#expression) +    \| [expression](#expression) `==` [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) +    \| [expression](#expression) `===` [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) +    \| [expression](#expression) `!=` [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) +    \| [expression](#expression) `!==` [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) +scalar\_constant ::= [1](#1)`'`[b0](#b0) \| [1](#1)`'`[b1](#b1) \| [1](#1)`'`[B0](#B0) \| [1](#1)`'`[B1](#B1) \| `'`[b0](#b0) \| `'`[b1](#b1) \| `'`[B0](#B0) \| `'`[B1](#B1) \| [1](#1) \| [0](#0) ## A.8 Expressions ### A.8.1 Concatenations -concatenation ::= -    \{ [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [expression](#expression) } } -constant\_concatenation ::= -    \{ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \{ `,` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) } } -constant\_multiple\_concatenation ::= \{ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) [constant_concatenation](#constant_concatenation) } -module\_path\_concatenation ::= \{ [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) \{ `,` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) } } -module\_path\_multiple\_concatenation ::= \{ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) [module_path_concatenation](#module_path_concatenation) } -multiple\_concatenation ::= \{ [expression](#expression) [concatenation](#concatenation) }[39](#39) -streaming\_concatenation ::= \{ [stream_operator](#stream_operator) \[ [slice_size](#slice_size) ] [stream_concatenation](#stream_concatenation) } -stream\_operator ::= `>>` \| `<<` -slice\_size ::= [simple_type](#simple_type) \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -stream\_concatenation ::= \{ [stream_expression](#stream_expression) \{ `,` [stream_expression](#stream_expression) } } -stream\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) \[ [with](#with) \[ [array_range_expression](#array_range_expression) ] ] -array\_range\_expression ::= -    [expression](#expression) -    \| [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) -    \| [expression](#expression) `+:` [expression](#expression) -    \| [expression](#expression) `-:` [expression](#expression) -empty\_unpacked\_array\_concatenation40 ::= \{ } +concatenation ::= +    \{ [expression](#expression) \{ `,` [expression](#expression) } } +constant\_concatenation ::= +    \{ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \{ `,` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) } } +constant\_multiple\_concatenation ::= \{ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) [constant_concatenation](#constant_concatenation) } +module\_path\_concatenation ::= \{ [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) \{ `,` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) } } +module\_path\_multiple\_concatenation ::= \{ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) [module_path_concatenation](#module_path_concatenation) } +multiple\_concatenation ::= \{ [expression](#expression) [concatenation](#concatenation) }[39](#39) +streaming\_concatenation ::= \{ [stream_operator](#stream_operator) \[ [slice_size](#slice_size) ] [stream_concatenation](#stream_concatenation) } +stream\_operator ::= `>>` \| `<<` +slice\_size ::= [simple_type](#simple_type) \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +stream\_concatenation ::= \{ [stream_expression](#stream_expression) \{ `,` [stream_expression](#stream_expression) } } +stream\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) \[ [with](#with) \[ [array_range_expression](#array_range_expression) ] ] +array\_range\_expression ::= +    [expression](#expression) +    \| [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) +    \| [expression](#expression) `+:` [expression](#expression) +    \| [expression](#expression) `-:` [expression](#expression) +empty\_unpacked\_array\_concatenation40 ::= \{ } ### A.8.2 Subroutine calls -constant\_function\_call ::= [function_subroutine_call41](#function_subroutine_call41) -tf\_call42 ::= [ps_or_hierarchical_tf_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_tf_identifier) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] -system\_tf\_call ::= -    [system_tf_identifier](#system_tf_identifier) \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] -    \| [system_tf_identifier](#system_tf_identifier) `(` [data_type](#data_type) \[ `,` [expression](#expression) ] `)` -    \| [system_tf_identifier](#system_tf_identifier) `(` [expression](#expression) \{ `,` \[ [expression](#expression) ] } \[ `,` \[ [clocking_event](#clocking_event) ] ] `)` -subroutine\_call ::= -    [tf_call](#tf_call) -    \| [system_tf_call](#system_tf_call) -    \| [method_call](#method_call) -    \| \[ [std](#std) `::` ] [randomize_call](#randomize_call) -function\_subroutine\_call ::= [subroutine_call](#subroutine_call) -list\_of\_arguments ::= -    \[ [expression](#expression) ] \{ `,` \[ [expression](#expression) ] } \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` } -    \| `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` } -method\_call ::= [method_call_root](#method_call_root) `.` [method_call_body](#method_call_body) -method\_call\_body ::= -    [method_identifier](#method_identifier) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] -    \| [built_in_method_call](#built_in_method_call) -built\_in\_method\_call ::= [array_manipulation_call](#array_manipulation_call) \| [randomize_call](#randomize_call) -array\_manipulation\_call ::= -    [array_method_name](#array_method_name) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } -    \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] -    \[ [with](#with) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] -randomize\_call ::= -    [randomize](#randomize) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } -    \[ `(` \[ [variable_identifier_list](#variable_identifier_list) \| [null](#null) ] `)` ] -    \[ [with](#with) \[ `(` \[ [identifier_list](#identifier_list) ] `)` ] [constraint_block](#constraint_block) ][43](#43) -variable\_identifier\_list ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) \{ `,` [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) } -identifier\_list ::= [identifier](#identifier) \{ `,` [identifier](#identifier) } -method\_call\_root ::= [primary](#primary) \| [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) -array\_method\_name ::= [method_identifier](#method_identifier) \| [unique](#unique) \| [and](#and) \| [or](#or) \| [xor](#xor) +constant\_function\_call ::= [function_subroutine_call41](#function_subroutine_call41) +tf\_call42 ::= [ps_or_hierarchical_tf_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_tf_identifier) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] +system\_tf\_call ::= +    [system_tf_identifier](#system_tf_identifier) \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] +    \| [system_tf_identifier](#system_tf_identifier) `(` [data_type](#data_type) \[ `,` [expression](#expression) ] `)` +    \| [system_tf_identifier](#system_tf_identifier) `(` [expression](#expression) \{ `,` \[ [expression](#expression) ] } \[ `,` \[ [clocking_event](#clocking_event) ] ] `)` +subroutine\_call ::= +    [tf_call](#tf_call) +    \| [system_tf_call](#system_tf_call) +    \| [method_call](#method_call) +    \| \[ [std](#std) `::` ] [randomize_call](#randomize_call) +function\_subroutine\_call ::= [subroutine_call](#subroutine_call) +list\_of\_arguments ::= +    \[ [expression](#expression) ] \{ `,` \[ [expression](#expression) ] } \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` } +    \| `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` \{ `,` `.` [identifier](#identifier) `(` \[ [expression](#expression) ] `)` } +method\_call ::= [method_call_root](#method_call_root) `.` [method_call_body](#method_call_body) +method\_call\_body ::= +    [method_identifier](#method_identifier) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] +    \| [built_in_method_call](#built_in_method_call) +built\_in\_method\_call ::= [array_manipulation_call](#array_manipulation_call) \| [randomize_call](#randomize_call) +array\_manipulation\_call ::= +    [array_method_name](#array_method_name) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } +    \[ `(` [list_of_arguments](#list_of_arguments) `)` ] +    \[ [with](#with) `(` [expression](#expression) `)` ] +randomize\_call ::= +    [randomize](#randomize) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } +    \[ `(` \[ [variable_identifier_list](#variable_identifier_list) \| [null](#null) ] `)` ] +    \[ [with](#with) \[ `(` \[ [identifier_list](#identifier_list) ] `)` ] [constraint_block](#constraint_block) ][43](#43) +variable\_identifier\_list ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) \{ `,` [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) } +identifier\_list ::= [identifier](#identifier) \{ `,` [identifier](#identifier) } +method\_call\_root ::= [primary](#primary) \| [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) +array\_method\_name ::= [method_identifier](#method_identifier) \| [unique](#unique) \| [and](#and) \| [or](#or) \| [xor](#xor) ### A.8.3 Expressions -inc\_or\_dec\_expression ::= -    [inc_or_dec_operator](#inc_or_dec_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) -    \| [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [inc_or_dec_operator](#inc_or_dec_operator) -conditional\_expression ::= [cond_predicate](#cond_predicate) `?` \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) -constant\_expression ::= -    [constant_primary](#constant_primary) -    \| [unary_operator](#unary_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [constant_primary](#constant_primary) -    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) [binary_operator](#binary_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `?` \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -constant\_mintypmax\_expression ::= -    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -constant\_param\_expression ::= [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) \| [data_type](#data_type) \| `$` -param\_expression ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) \| [data_type](#data_type) \| `$` -constant\_range\_expression ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \| [constant_part_select_range](#constant_part_select_range) -constant\_part\_select\_range ::= [constant_range](#constant_range) \| [constant_indexed_range](#constant_indexed_range) -constant\_range ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -constant\_indexed\_range ::= -    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `+:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `-:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -expression ::= -    [primary](#primary) -    \| [unary_operator](#unary_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [primary](#primary) -    \| [inc_or_dec_expression](#inc_or_dec_expression) -    \| `(` [operator_assignment](#operator_assignment) `)` -    \| [expression](#expression) [binary_operator](#binary_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [expression](#expression) -    \| [conditional_expression](#conditional_expression) -    \| [inside_expression](#inside_expression) -    \| [tagged_union_expression](#tagged_union_expression) -tagged\_union\_expression ::= -    [tagged](#tagged) [member_identifier](#member_identifier) \[ [primary](#primary) ] -inside\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) [inside](#inside) \{ [range_list](#range_list) } -mintypmax\_expression ::= -    [expression](#expression) -    \| [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) -module\_path\_conditional\_expression ::= [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `?` \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } -    [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `:` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) -module\_path\_expression ::= -    [module_path_primary](#module_path_primary) -    \| [unary_module_path_operator](#unary_module_path_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_path_primary](#module_path_primary) -    \| [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) [binary_module_path_operator](#binary_module_path_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } -    [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) -    \| [module_path_conditional_expression](#module_path_conditional_expression) -module\_path\_mintypmax\_expression ::= -    [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) -    \| [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `:` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `:` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) -part\_select\_range ::= [constant_range](#constant_range) \| [indexed_range](#indexed_range) -indexed\_range ::= -    [expression](#expression) `+:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -    \| [expression](#expression) `-:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) -genvar\_expression ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +inc\_or\_dec\_expression ::= +    [inc_or_dec_operator](#inc_or_dec_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) +    \| [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [inc_or_dec_operator](#inc_or_dec_operator) +conditional\_expression ::= [cond_predicate](#cond_predicate) `?` \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) +constant\_expression ::= +    [constant_primary](#constant_primary) +    \| [unary_operator](#unary_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [constant_primary](#constant_primary) +    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) [binary_operator](#binary_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `?` \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +constant\_mintypmax\_expression ::= +    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +constant\_param\_expression ::= [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) \| [data_type](#data_type) \| `$` +param\_expression ::= [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) \| [data_type](#data_type) \| `$` +constant\_range\_expression ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) \| [constant_part_select_range](#constant_part_select_range) +constant\_part\_select\_range ::= [constant_range](#constant_range) \| [constant_indexed_range](#constant_indexed_range) +constant\_range ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +constant\_indexed\_range ::= +    [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `+:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +    \| [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `-:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +expression ::= +    [primary](#primary) +    \| [unary_operator](#unary_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [primary](#primary) +    \| [inc_or_dec_expression](#inc_or_dec_expression) +    \| `(` [operator_assignment](#operator_assignment) `)` +    \| [expression](#expression) [binary_operator](#binary_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [expression](#expression) +    \| [conditional_expression](#conditional_expression) +    \| [inside_expression](#inside_expression) +    \| [tagged_union_expression](#tagged_union_expression) +tagged\_union\_expression ::= +    [tagged](#tagged) [member_identifier](#member_identifier) \[ [primary](#primary) ] +inside\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) [inside](#inside) \{ [range_list](#range_list) } +mintypmax\_expression ::= +    [expression](#expression) +    \| [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) `:` [expression](#expression) +module\_path\_conditional\_expression ::= [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `?` \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } +    [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `:` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) +module\_path\_expression ::= +    [module_path_primary](#module_path_primary) +    \| [unary_module_path_operator](#unary_module_path_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } [module_path_primary](#module_path_primary) +    \| [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) [binary_module_path_operator](#binary_module_path_operator) \{ [attribute_instance](#attribute_instance) } +    [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) +    \| [module_path_conditional_expression](#module_path_conditional_expression) +module\_path\_mintypmax\_expression ::= +    [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) +    \| [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `:` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) `:` [module_path_expression](#module_path_expression) +part\_select\_range ::= [constant_range](#constant_range) \| [indexed_range](#indexed_range) +indexed\_range ::= +    [expression](#expression) `+:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +    \| [expression](#expression) `-:` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) +genvar\_expression ::= [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ### A.8.4 Primaries -constant\_primary ::= -    [primary_literal](#primary_literal) -    \| [ps_parameter_identifier](#ps_parameter_identifier) [constant_select](#constant_select) -    \| [specparam_identifier](#specparam_identifier) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] -    \| [genvar_identifier44](#genvar_identifier44) -    \| [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) [constant_select](#constant_select) -    \| \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [enum_identifier](#enum_identifier) -    \| [empty_unpacked_array_concatenation](#empty_unpacked_array_concatenation) -    \| [constant_concatenation](#constant_concatenation) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] -    \| [constant_multiple_concatenation](#constant_multiple_concatenation) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] -    \| [constant_function_call](#constant_function_call) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] -    \| [constant_let_expression](#constant_let_expression) -    \| `(` [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) `)` -    \| [constant_cast](#constant_cast) -    \| [constant_assignment_pattern_expression](#constant_assignment_pattern_expression) -    \| [type_reference45](#type_reference45) -    \| [null](#null) -module\_path\_primary ::= -    [number](#number) -    \| [identifier](#identifier) -    \| [module_path_concatenation](#module_path_concatenation) -    \| [module_path_multiple_concatenation](#module_path_multiple_concatenation) -    \| [function_subroutine_call](#function_subroutine_call) -    \| `(` [module_path_mintypmax_expression](#module_path_mintypmax_expression) `)` -primary ::= -    [primary_literal](#primary_literal) -    \| \[ [class_qualifier](#class_qualifier) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) [select](#select) -    \| [empty_unpacked_array_concatenation](#empty_unpacked_array_concatenation) -    \| [concatenation](#concatenation) \[ \[ [range_expression](#range_expression) ] ] -    \| [multiple_concatenation](#multiple_concatenation) \[ \[ [range_expression](#range_expression) ] ] -    \| [function_subroutine_call](#function_subroutine_call) \[ \[ [range_expression](#range_expression) ] ] -    \| [let_expression](#let_expression) -    \| `(` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) `)` -    \| [cast](#cast) -    \| [assignment_pattern_expression](#assignment_pattern_expression) -    \| [streaming_concatenation](#streaming_concatenation) -    \| [sequence_method_call](#sequence_method_call) -    \| [this46](#this46) -    \| `$`[47](#47) -    \| [null](#null) -    [class_qualifier](#class_qualifier) `:=` \[ [local](#local) `::`[48](#48) ] \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] -range\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) \| [part_select_range](#part_select_range) -primary\_literal ::= [number](#number) \| [time_literal](#time_literal) \| [unbased_unsized_literal](#unbased_unsized_literal) \| [string_literal](#string_literal) -time\_literal49 ::= -    [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) [time_unit](#time_unit) -    \| [fixed_point_number](#fixed_point_number) [time_unit](#time_unit) -time\_unit ::= [s](#s) \| [ms](#ms) \| [us](#us) \| [ns](#ns) \| [ps](#ps) \| [fs](#fs) -implicit\_class\_handle46 ::= [this](#this) \| [super](#super) \| [this](#this) `.` [super](#super) -bit\_select ::= \{ \[ [expression](#expression) ] } -select ::= -    \[ \{ `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) [bit_select](#bit_select) } `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) ] [bit_select](#bit_select) \[ \[ [part_select_range](#part_select_range) ] ] -nonrange\_select ::= -    \[ \{ `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) [bit_select](#bit_select) } `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) ] [bit_select](#bit_select) -constant\_bit\_select ::= \{ \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] } -constant\_select ::= -    \[ \{ `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) } `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) ] [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) -    \[ \[ [constant_part_select_range](#constant_part_select_range) ] ] -cast ::= [casting_type](#casting_type) `'` `(` [expression](#expression) `)` -constant\_cast ::= [casting_type](#casting_type) `'` `(` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `)` -constant\_let\_expression ::= [let_expression50](#let_expression50) +constant\_primary ::= +    [primary_literal](#primary_literal) +    \| [ps_parameter_identifier](#ps_parameter_identifier) [constant_select](#constant_select) +    \| [specparam_identifier](#specparam_identifier) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] +    \| [genvar_identifier44](#genvar_identifier44) +    \| [formal_port_identifier](#formal_port_identifier) [constant_select](#constant_select) +    \| \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [enum_identifier](#enum_identifier) +    \| [empty_unpacked_array_concatenation](#empty_unpacked_array_concatenation) +    \| [constant_concatenation](#constant_concatenation) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] +    \| [constant_multiple_concatenation](#constant_multiple_concatenation) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] +    \| [constant_function_call](#constant_function_call) \[ \[ [constant_range_expression](#constant_range_expression) ] ] +    \| [constant_let_expression](#constant_let_expression) +    \| `(` [constant_mintypmax_expression](#constant_mintypmax_expression) `)` +    \| [constant_cast](#constant_cast) +    \| [constant_assignment_pattern_expression](#constant_assignment_pattern_expression) +    \| [type_reference45](#type_reference45) +    \| [null](#null) +module\_path\_primary ::= +    [number](#number) +    \| [identifier](#identifier) +    \| [module_path_concatenation](#module_path_concatenation) +    \| [module_path_multiple_concatenation](#module_path_multiple_concatenation) +    \| [function_subroutine_call](#function_subroutine_call) +    \| `(` [module_path_mintypmax_expression](#module_path_mintypmax_expression) `)` +primary ::= +    [primary_literal](#primary_literal) +    \| \[ [class_qualifier](#class_qualifier) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) [select](#select) +    \| [empty_unpacked_array_concatenation](#empty_unpacked_array_concatenation) +    \| [concatenation](#concatenation) \[ \[ [range_expression](#range_expression) ] ] +    \| [multiple_concatenation](#multiple_concatenation) \[ \[ [range_expression](#range_expression) ] ] +    \| [function_subroutine_call](#function_subroutine_call) \[ \[ [range_expression](#range_expression) ] ] +    \| [let_expression](#let_expression) +    \| `(` [mintypmax_expression](#mintypmax_expression) `)` +    \| [cast](#cast) +    \| [assignment_pattern_expression](#assignment_pattern_expression) +    \| [streaming_concatenation](#streaming_concatenation) +    \| [sequence_method_call](#sequence_method_call) +    \| [this46](#this46) +    \| `$`[47](#47) +    \| [null](#null) +    [class_qualifier](#class_qualifier) `:=` \[ [local](#local) `::`[48](#48) ] \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] +range\_expression ::= [expression](#expression) \| [part_select_range](#part_select_range) +primary\_literal ::= [number](#number) \| [time_literal](#time_literal) \| [unbased_unsized_literal](#unbased_unsized_literal) \| [string_literal](#string_literal) +time\_literal49 ::= +    [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) [time_unit](#time_unit) +    \| [fixed_point_number](#fixed_point_number) [time_unit](#time_unit) +time\_unit ::= [s](#s) \| [ms](#ms) \| [us](#us) \| [ns](#ns) \| [ps](#ps) \| [fs](#fs) +implicit\_class\_handle46 ::= [this](#this) \| [super](#super) \| [this](#this) `.` [super](#super) +bit\_select ::= \{ \[ [expression](#expression) ] } +select ::= +    \[ \{ `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) [bit_select](#bit_select) } `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) ] [bit_select](#bit_select) \[ \[ [part_select_range](#part_select_range) ] ] +nonrange\_select ::= +    \[ \{ `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) [bit_select](#bit_select) } `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) ] [bit_select](#bit_select) +constant\_bit\_select ::= \{ \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] } +constant\_select ::= +    \[ \{ `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) } `.` [member_identifier](#member_identifier) ] [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) +    \[ \[ [constant_part_select_range](#constant_part_select_range) ] ] +cast ::= [casting_type](#casting_type) `'` `(` [expression](#expression) `)` +constant\_cast ::= [casting_type](#casting_type) `'` `(` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) `)` +constant\_let\_expression ::= [let_expression50](#let_expression50) ### A.8.5 Expression left-side values -net\_lvalue ::= -    [ps_or_hierarchical_net_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_net_identifier) [constant_select](#constant_select) -    \| \{ [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) \{ `,` [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) } } -    \| \[ [assignment_pattern_expression_type](#assignment_pattern_expression_type) ] [assignment_pattern_net_lvalue](#assignment_pattern_net_lvalue) -variable\_lvalue ::= -    \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_variable_identifier](#hierarchical_variable_identifier) [select51](#select51) -    \| \{ [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) \{ `,` [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) } } -    \| \[ [assignment_pattern_expression_type](#assignment_pattern_expression_type) ] [assignment_pattern_variable_lvalue](#assignment_pattern_variable_lvalue) -    \| [streaming_concatenation52](#streaming_concatenation52) -nonrange\_variable\_lvalue ::= -    \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_variable_identifier](#hierarchical_variable_identifier) [nonrange_select](#nonrange_select) +net\_lvalue ::= +    [ps_or_hierarchical_net_identifier](#ps_or_hierarchical_net_identifier) [constant_select](#constant_select) +    \| \{ [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) \{ `,` [net_lvalue](#net_lvalue) } } +    \| \[ [assignment_pattern_expression_type](#assignment_pattern_expression_type) ] [assignment_pattern_net_lvalue](#assignment_pattern_net_lvalue) +variable\_lvalue ::= +    \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_variable_identifier](#hierarchical_variable_identifier) [select51](#select51) +    \| \{ [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) \{ `,` [variable_lvalue](#variable_lvalue) } } +    \| \[ [assignment_pattern_expression_type](#assignment_pattern_expression_type) ] [assignment_pattern_variable_lvalue](#assignment_pattern_variable_lvalue) +    \| [streaming_concatenation52](#streaming_concatenation52) +nonrange\_variable\_lvalue ::= +    \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_variable_identifier](#hierarchical_variable_identifier) [nonrange_select](#nonrange_select) ### A.8.6 Operators -unary\_operator ::= `+` \| `-` \| `!` \| `~` \| `&` \| `~&` \| \| \| `~|` \| `^` \| `~^` \| `^~` -binary\_operator ::= -    `+` \| `-` \| `*` \| `/` \| `%` \| `==` \| `!=` \| `===` \| `!==` \| `==?` \| `!=?` \| `&&` \| `||` \| `**` -    \| `<` \| `<=` \| `>` \| `>=` \| `&` \| \| \| `^` \| `^~` \| `~^` \| `>>` \| `<<` \| `>>>` \| `<<<` `|->` \| `<->` -inc\_or\_dec\_operator ::= `++` \| `--` -unary\_module\_path\_operator ::= `!` \| `~` \| `&` \| `~&` \| \| \| `~|` \| `^` \| `~^` \| `^~` -binary\_module\_path\_operator ::= `==` \| `!=` \| `&&` \| `||` \| `&` \| \| \| `^` \| `^~` \| `~^` +unary\_operator ::= `+` \| `-` \| `!` \| `~` \| `&` \| `~&` \| \| \| `~|` \| `^` \| `~^` \| `^~` +binary\_operator ::= +    `+` \| `-` \| `*` \| `/` \| `%` \| `==` \| `!=` \| `===` \| `!==` \| `==?` \| `!=?` \| `&&` \| `||` \| `**` +    \| `<` \| `<=` \| `>` \| `>=` \| `&` \| \| \| `^` \| `^~` \| `~^` \| `>>` \| `<<` \| `>>>` \| `<<<` `|->` \| `<->` +inc\_or\_dec\_operator ::= `++` \| `--` +unary\_module\_path\_operator ::= `!` \| `~` \| `&` \| `~&` \| \| \| `~|` \| `^` \| `~^` \| `^~` +binary\_module\_path\_operator ::= `==` \| `!=` \| `&&` \| `||` \| `&` \| \| \| `^` \| `^~` \| `~^` ### A.8.7 Numbers -number ::= -    [integral_number](#integral_number) -    \| [real_number](#real_number) -integral\_number ::= -    [decimal_number](#decimal_number) -    \| [octal_number](#octal_number) -    \| [binary_number](#binary_number) -    \| [hex_number](#hex_number) -decimal\_number ::= -    [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) -    \| \[ [size](#size) ] [decimal_base](#decimal_base) [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) -    \| \[ [size](#size) ] [decimal_base](#decimal_base) [x_digit](#x_digit) \{ [_](#_) } -    \| \[ [size](#size) ] [decimal_base](#decimal_base) [z_digit](#z_digit) \{ [_](#_) } -binary\_number ::= \[ [size](#size) ] [binary_base](#binary_base) [binary_value](#binary_value) -octal\_number ::= \[ [size](#size) ] [octal_base](#octal_base) [octal_value](#octal_value) -hex\_number ::= \[ [size](#size) ] [hex_base](#hex_base) [hex_value](#hex_value) -sign ::= `+` \| `-` -size ::= [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) -real\_number38 ::= -    [fixed_point_number](#fixed_point_number) -    \| [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) \[ `.` [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) ] [exp](#exp) \[ [sign](#sign) ] [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) -fixed\_point\_number38 ::= [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) `.` [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) -exp ::= [e](#e) \| [E](#E) -unsigned\_number38 ::= [decimal_digit](#decimal_digit) \{ [_](#_) \| [decimal_digit](#decimal_digit) } -binary\_value38 ::= [binary_digit](#binary_digit) \{ [_](#_) \| [binary_digit](#binary_digit) } -octal\_value38 ::= [octal_digit](#octal_digit) \{ [_](#_) \| [octal_digit](#octal_digit) } -hex\_value38 ::= [hex_digit](#hex_digit) \{ [_](#_) \| [hex_digit](#hex_digit) } -decimal\_base38 ::= `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][d](#d) \| `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][D](#D) -binary\_base38 ::= `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][b](#b) \| `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][B](#B) -octal\_base38 ::= `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][o](#o) \| `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][O](#O) -hex\_base38 ::= `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][h](#h) \| `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][H](#H) -decimal\_digit ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) \| [3](#3) \| [4](#4) \| [5](#5) \| [6](#6) \| [7](#7) \| [8](#8) \| [9](#9) -binary\_digit ::= [x_digit](#x_digit) \| [z_digit](#z_digit) \| [0](#0) \| [1](#1) -octal\_digit ::= [x_digit](#x_digit) \| [z_digit](#z_digit) \| [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) \| [3](#3) \| [4](#4) \| [5](#5) \| [6](#6) \| [7](#7) -hex\_digit ::= [x_digit](#x_digit) \| [z_digit](#z_digit) \| [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) \| [3](#3) \| [4](#4) \| [5](#5) \| [6](#6) \| [7](#7) \| [8](#8) \| [9](#9) \| [a](#a) \| [b](#b) \| [c](#c) \| [d](#d) \| [e](#e) \| [f](#f) \| [A](#A) \| [B](#B) \| [C](#C) \| [D](#D) \| [E](#E) \| [F](#F) -x\_digit ::= [x](#x) \| [X](#X) -z\_digit ::= [z](#z) \| [Z](#Z) \| `?` -unbased\_unsized\_literal ::= `'`[0](#0) \| `'`[1](#1) \| `'`[z_or_x](#z_or_x) [53](#53) +number ::= +    [integral_number](#integral_number) +    \| [real_number](#real_number) +integral\_number ::= +    [decimal_number](#decimal_number) +    \| [octal_number](#octal_number) +    \| [binary_number](#binary_number) +    \| [hex_number](#hex_number) +decimal\_number ::= +    [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) +    \| \[ [size](#size) ] [decimal_base](#decimal_base) [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) +    \| \[ [size](#size) ] [decimal_base](#decimal_base) [x_digit](#x_digit) \{ [_](#_) } +    \| \[ [size](#size) ] [decimal_base](#decimal_base) [z_digit](#z_digit) \{ [_](#_) } +binary\_number ::= \[ [size](#size) ] [binary_base](#binary_base) [binary_value](#binary_value) +octal\_number ::= \[ [size](#size) ] [octal_base](#octal_base) [octal_value](#octal_value) +hex\_number ::= \[ [size](#size) ] [hex_base](#hex_base) [hex_value](#hex_value) +sign ::= `+` \| `-` +size ::= [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) +real\_number38 ::= +    [fixed_point_number](#fixed_point_number) +    \| [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) \[ `.` [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) ] [exp](#exp) \[ [sign](#sign) ] [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) +fixed\_point\_number38 ::= [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) `.` [unsigned_number](#unsigned_number) +exp ::= [e](#e) \| [E](#E) +unsigned\_number38 ::= [decimal_digit](#decimal_digit) \{ [_](#_) \| [decimal_digit](#decimal_digit) } +binary\_value38 ::= [binary_digit](#binary_digit) \{ [_](#_) \| [binary_digit](#binary_digit) } +octal\_value38 ::= [octal_digit](#octal_digit) \{ [_](#_) \| [octal_digit](#octal_digit) } +hex\_value38 ::= [hex_digit](#hex_digit) \{ [_](#_) \| [hex_digit](#hex_digit) } +decimal\_base38 ::= `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][d](#d) \| `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][D](#D) +binary\_base38 ::= `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][b](#b) \| `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][B](#B) +octal\_base38 ::= `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][o](#o) \| `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][O](#O) +hex\_base38 ::= `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][h](#h) \| `'[`[s](#s)\|[S](#S)][H](#H) +decimal\_digit ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) \| [3](#3) \| [4](#4) \| [5](#5) \| [6](#6) \| [7](#7) \| [8](#8) \| [9](#9) +binary\_digit ::= [x_digit](#x_digit) \| [z_digit](#z_digit) \| [0](#0) \| [1](#1) +octal\_digit ::= [x_digit](#x_digit) \| [z_digit](#z_digit) \| [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) \| [3](#3) \| [4](#4) \| [5](#5) \| [6](#6) \| [7](#7) +hex\_digit ::= [x_digit](#x_digit) \| [z_digit](#z_digit) \| [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) \| [3](#3) \| [4](#4) \| [5](#5) \| [6](#6) \| [7](#7) \| [8](#8) \| [9](#9) \| [a](#a) \| [b](#b) \| [c](#c) \| [d](#d) \| [e](#e) \| [f](#f) \| [A](#A) \| [B](#B) \| [C](#C) \| [D](#D) \| [E](#E) \| [F](#F) +x\_digit ::= [x](#x) \| [X](#X) +z\_digit ::= [z](#z) \| [Z](#Z) \| `?` +unbased\_unsized\_literal ::= `'`[0](#0) \| `'`[1](#1) \| `'`[z_or_x](#z_or_x) [53](#53) ### A.8.8 Strings -string\_literal ::= -    [quoted_string](#quoted_string) -    \| [triple_quoted_string](#triple_quoted_string) -quoted\_string ::= `"` \{ [quoted_string_item](#quoted_string_item) \| [string_escape_seq](#string_escape_seq) } `"` -triple\_quoted\_string ::= `"""` \{ [triple_quoted_string_item](#triple_quoted_string_item) \| [string_escape_seq](#string_escape_seq) } `"""` -quoted\_string\_item ::= [any_ASCII_character](#any_ASCII_character) [except](#except) `\` [or](#or) [newline](#newline) [or](#or) `"` -triple\_quoted\_string\_item ::= [any_ASCII_character](#any_ASCII_character) [except](#except) `\` -string\_escape\_seq ::= -    `\`[any_ASCII_character](#any_ASCII_character) -    \| `\`[one_to_three_digit_octal_number](#one_to_three_digit_octal_number) -    \| `\`[x](#x) [one_to_two_digit_hex_number](#one_to_two_digit_hex_number) +string\_literal ::= +    [quoted_string](#quoted_string) +    \| [triple_quoted_string](#triple_quoted_string) +quoted\_string ::= `"` \{ [quoted_string_item](#quoted_string_item) \| [string_escape_seq](#string_escape_seq) } `"` +triple\_quoted\_string ::= `"""` \{ [triple_quoted_string_item](#triple_quoted_string_item) \| [string_escape_seq](#string_escape_seq) } `"""` +quoted\_string\_item ::= [any_ASCII_character](#any_ASCII_character) [except](#except) `\` [or](#or) [newline](#newline) [or](#or) `"` +triple\_quoted\_string\_item ::= [any_ASCII_character](#any_ASCII_character) [except](#except) `\` +string\_escape\_seq ::= +    `\`[any_ASCII_character](#any_ASCII_character) +    \| `\`[one_to_three_digit_octal_number](#one_to_three_digit_octal_number) +    \| `\`[x](#x) [one_to_two_digit_hex_number](#one_to_two_digit_hex_number) ## A.9 General ### A.9.1 Attributes -attribute\_instance ::= `(*` [attr_spec](#attr_spec) \{ `,` [attr_spec](#attr_spec) } `*)` -attr\_spec ::= [attr_name](#attr_name) \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] -attr\_name ::= [identifier](#identifier) +attribute\_instance ::= `(*` [attr_spec](#attr_spec) \{ `,` [attr_spec](#attr_spec) } `*)` +attr\_spec ::= [attr_name](#attr_name) \[ `=` [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] +attr\_name ::= [identifier](#identifier) ### A.9.2 Comments -comment ::= -    [one_line_comment](#one_line_comment) -    \| [block_comment](#block_comment) -one\_line\_comment ::= `//` [comment_text](#comment_text) `\`[n](#n) -block\_comment ::= `/*` [comment_text](#comment_text) `*/` -comment\_text ::= \{ [Any_ASCII_character](#Any_ASCII_character) } +comment ::= +    [one_line_comment](#one_line_comment) +    \| [block_comment](#block_comment) +one\_line\_comment ::= `//` [comment_text](#comment_text) `\`[n](#n) +block\_comment ::= `/*` [comment_text](#comment_text) `*/` +comment\_text ::= \{ [Any_ASCII_character](#Any_ASCII_character) } ### A.9.3 Identifiers -array\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -block\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -bin\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -c\_identifier54 ::= \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z_](#Z_) ] \{ \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z0](#Z0)`-`[9_](#9_) ] } -cell\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -checker\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -class\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -class\_variable\_identifier ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) -clocking\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -config\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -const\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -constraint\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -covergroup\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -covergroup\_variable\_identifier ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) -cover\_point\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -cross\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -dynamic\_array\_variable\_identifier ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) -enum\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -escaped\_identifier ::= `\` \{ [any_printable_ASCII_character_except_white_space](#any_printable_ASCII_character_except_white_space) } [white_space](#white_space) -formal\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -formal\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -function\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -generate\_block\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -genvar\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -hierarchical\_array\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_block\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_event\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_identifier ::= \[ `$`[root](#root) `.` ] \{ [identifier](#identifier) [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) `.` } [identifier](#identifier) -hierarchical\_net\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_parameter\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_property\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_sequence\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_task\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_tf\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -hierarchical\_variable\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) -identifier ::= [simple_identifier](#simple_identifier) \| [escaped_identifier](#escaped_identifier) -index\_variable\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -interface\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -interface\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -inout\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -input\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -instance\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -library\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -member\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -method\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -modport\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -module\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -net\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -nettype\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -output\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -package\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -package\_scope ::= -    [package_identifier](#package_identifier) `::` -    \| `$`[unit](#unit) `::` -parameter\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -program\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -property\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -ps\_class\_identifier ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [class_identifier](#class_identifier) -ps\_covergroup\_identifier ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) -ps\_checker\_identifier ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [checker_identifier](#checker_identifier) -ps\_identifier ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [identifier](#identifier) -ps\_or\_hierarchical\_array\_identifier ::= -    \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_array_identifier](#hierarchical_array_identifier) -ps\_or\_hierarchical\_net\_identifier ::= -    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [net_identifier](#net_identifier) -    \| [hierarchical_net_identifier](#hierarchical_net_identifier) -ps\_or\_hierarchical\_property\_identifier ::= -    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [property_identifier](#property_identifier) -    \| [hierarchical_property_identifier](#hierarchical_property_identifier) -ps\_or\_hierarchical\_sequence\_identifier ::= -    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [sequence_identifier](#sequence_identifier) -    \| [hierarchical_sequence_identifier](#hierarchical_sequence_identifier) -ps\_or\_hierarchical\_tf\_identifier ::= -    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [tf_identifier](#tf_identifier) -    \| [hierarchical_tf_identifier](#hierarchical_tf_identifier) -ps\_parameter\_identifier ::= -    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [parameter_identifier](#parameter_identifier) -    \| \{ [generate_block_identifier](#generate_block_identifier) \[ \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] ] `.` } [parameter_identifier](#parameter_identifier) -ps\_type\_identifier ::= \[ [local](#local) `::`[48](#48) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [type_identifier](#type_identifier) -rs\_production\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -sequence\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -signal\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -simple\_identifier54 ::= \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z_](#Z_) ] \{ \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z0](#Z0)`-`[9_](#9_)`$` ] } -specparam\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -system\_tf\_identifier55 ::= `$[` [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z0](#Z0)`-`[9_](#9_)`$` `]{` \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z0](#Z0)`-`[9_](#9_)`$` ] } -task\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -tf\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -terminal\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -topmodule\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -type\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -udp\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) -variable\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +array\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +block\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +bin\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +c\_identifier54 ::= \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z_](#Z_) ] \{ \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z0](#Z0)`-`[9_](#9_) ] } +cell\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +checker\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +class\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +class\_variable\_identifier ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) +clocking\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +config\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +const\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +constraint\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +covergroup\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +covergroup\_variable\_identifier ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) +cover\_point\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +cross\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +dynamic\_array\_variable\_identifier ::= [variable_identifier](#variable_identifier) +enum\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +escaped\_identifier ::= `\` \{ [any_printable_ASCII_character_except_white_space](#any_printable_ASCII_character_except_white_space) } [white_space](#white_space) +formal\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +formal\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +function\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +generate\_block\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +genvar\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +hierarchical\_array\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_block\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_event\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_identifier ::= \[ `$`[root](#root) `.` ] \{ [identifier](#identifier) [constant_bit_select](#constant_bit_select) `.` } [identifier](#identifier) +hierarchical\_net\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_parameter\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_property\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_sequence\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_task\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_tf\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +hierarchical\_variable\_identifier ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +identifier ::= [simple_identifier](#simple_identifier) \| [escaped_identifier](#escaped_identifier) +index\_variable\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +interface\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +interface\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +inout\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +input\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +instance\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +library\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +member\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +method\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +modport\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +module\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +net\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +nettype\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +output\_port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +package\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +package\_scope ::= +    [package_identifier](#package_identifier) `::` +    \| `$`[unit](#unit) `::` +parameter\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +port\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +program\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +property\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +ps\_class\_identifier ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [class_identifier](#class_identifier) +ps\_covergroup\_identifier ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [covergroup_identifier](#covergroup_identifier) +ps\_checker\_identifier ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [checker_identifier](#checker_identifier) +ps\_identifier ::= \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [identifier](#identifier) +ps\_or\_hierarchical\_array\_identifier ::= +    \[ [implicit_class_handle](#implicit_class_handle) `.` \| [class_scope](#class_scope) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [hierarchical_array_identifier](#hierarchical_array_identifier) +ps\_or\_hierarchical\_net\_identifier ::= +    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [net_identifier](#net_identifier) +    \| [hierarchical_net_identifier](#hierarchical_net_identifier) +ps\_or\_hierarchical\_property\_identifier ::= +    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [property_identifier](#property_identifier) +    \| [hierarchical_property_identifier](#hierarchical_property_identifier) +ps\_or\_hierarchical\_sequence\_identifier ::= +    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [sequence_identifier](#sequence_identifier) +    \| [hierarchical_sequence_identifier](#hierarchical_sequence_identifier) +ps\_or\_hierarchical\_tf\_identifier ::= +    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) ] [tf_identifier](#tf_identifier) +    \| [hierarchical_tf_identifier](#hierarchical_tf_identifier) +ps\_parameter\_identifier ::= +    \[ [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [parameter_identifier](#parameter_identifier) +    \| \{ [generate_block_identifier](#generate_block_identifier) \[ \[ [constant_expression](#constant_expression) ] ] `.` } [parameter_identifier](#parameter_identifier) +ps\_type\_identifier ::= \[ [local](#local) `::`[48](#48) \| [package_scope](#package_scope) \| [class_scope](#class_scope) ] [type_identifier](#type_identifier) +rs\_production\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +sequence\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +signal\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +simple\_identifier54 ::= \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z_](#Z_) ] \{ \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z0](#Z0)`-`[9_](#9_)`$` ] } +specparam\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +system\_tf\_identifier55 ::= `$[` [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z0](#Z0)`-`[9_](#9_)`$` `]{` \[ [a](#a)`-`[zA](#zA)`-`[Z0](#Z0)`-`[9_](#9_)`$` ] } +task\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +tf\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +terminal\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +topmodule\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +type\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +udp\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) +variable\_identifier ::= [identifier](#identifier) ### A.9.4 White space -white\_space ::= [space](#space) \| [tab](#tab) \| [newline](#newline) \| [formfeed](#formfeed) \| [eof56](#eof56) +white\_space ::= [space](#space) \| [tab](#tab) \| [newline](#newline) \| [formfeed](#formfeed) \| [eof56](#eof56) diff --git a/docs/grammar_sdf.md b/docs/grammar_sdf.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6fa82b0e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/grammar_sdf.md @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +# Standard Delay Format (SDF) +## A.1 Formal syntax definition +    [The](#The) [formal](#formal) [syntax](#syntax) [of](#of) [SDF](#SDF) [is](#is) [described](#described) [using](#using) [Backus](#Backus)`-`[Naur](#Naur) `(`[BNF](#BNF)`).` +    [Lexical](#Lexical) [elements](#elements) [are](#are) [shown](#shown) [italicized](#italicized)`.` [All](#All) [leaf](#leaf) [characters](#characters) [are](#are) [shown](#shown) [in](#in) [bold](#bold)`.` [Keywords](#Keywords) [are](#are) [shown](#shown) [in](#in) [uppercase](#uppercase) [bold](#bold) `(`[for](#for) [example](#example)`,` [IOPATH](#IOPATH)`)` [for](#for) [easy](#easy) [identification](#identification)`,` [but](#but) [are](#are) [case](#case) [insensitive](#insensitive)`.` +### A.1.1 SDF delay file and header +delay\_file ::= `(` [DELAYFILE](#DELAYFILE) [sdf_header](#sdf_header) [cell](#cell) \{ [cell](#cell) } `)` +sdf\_header ::= +    [sdf_version](#sdf_version) \[ [design_name](#design_name) ] \[ [date](#date) ] \[ [vendor](#vendor) ] \[ [program_name](#program_name) ] \[ [program_version](#program_version) ] \[[hierarchy_divider](#hierarchy_divider) ] \[ [voltage](#voltage) ] \[ [process](#process) ] \[[temperature](#temperature) ] \[ [time_scale](#time_scale) ] +sdf\_version ::= `(` [SDFVERSION](#SDFVERSION) [qstring](#qstring) `)` +design\_name ::= `(` [DESIGN](#DESIGN) [qstring](#qstring) `)` +date ::= `(` [DATE](#DATE) [qstring](#qstring) `)` +vendor ::= `(` [VENDOR](#VENDOR) [qstring](#qstring) `)` +program\_name ::= `(` [PROGRAM](#PROGRAM) [qstring](#qstring) `)` +program\_version ::= `(` [VERSION](#VERSION) [qstring](#qstring) `)` +hierarchy\_divider ::= `(` [DIVIDER](#DIVIDER) [hchar](#hchar) `)` +voltage ::= `(` [VOLTAGE](#VOLTAGE) [rtriple](#rtriple) `)` \| `(` [VOLTAGE](#VOLTAGE) [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) `)` +process ::= `(` [PROCESS](#PROCESS) [qstring](#qstring) `)` +temperature ::= `(` [TEMPERATURE](#TEMPERATURE) [rtriple](#rtriple) `)` \| `(` [TEMPERATURE](#TEMPERATURE) [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) `)` +time\_scale ::= `(` [TIMESCALE](#TIMESCALE) [timescale_number](#timescale_number) [timescale_unit](#timescale_unit) `)` +timescale\_number ::= [1](#1) \| [10](#10) \| [100](#100) \| [1](#1)`.`[0](#0) \| [10](#10)`.`[0](#0) \| [100](#100)`.`[0](#0) +timescale\_unit ::= [s](#s) \| [ms](#ms) \| [us](#us) \| [ns](#ns) \| [ps](#ps) \| [fs](#fs) +### A.1.2 Cells +cell ::= `(` [CELL](#CELL) [celltype](#celltype) [cell_instance](#cell_instance) \{ [timing_spec](#timing_spec) } `)` +celltype ::= `(` [CELLTYPE](#CELLTYPE) [qstring](#qstring) `)` +cell\_instance ::= `(` [INSTANCE](#INSTANCE) \[ [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) ] `)` \| `(` [INSTANCE](#INSTANCE) `*` `)` +### A.1.3 Timing specifications +timing\_spec ::= [del_spec](#del_spec) \| [tc_spec](#tc_spec) \| [lbl_spec](#lbl_spec) \| [te_spec](#te_spec) +del\_spec ::= `(` [DELAY](#DELAY) [deltype](#deltype) \{ [deltype](#deltype) } `)` +tc\_spec ::= `(` [TIMINGCHECK](#TIMINGCHECK) [tchk_def](#tchk_def) \{ [tchk_def](#tchk_def) } `)` +te\_spec ::= `(` [TIMINGENV](#TIMINGENV) [te_def](#te_def) \{ [te_def](#te_def) } `)` +lbl\_spec ::= `(` [LABEL](#LABEL) [lbl_type](#lbl_type) \{ [lbl_type](#lbl_type) } `)` +deltype ::= \| [absolute_deltype](#absolute_deltype) \| [increment_deltype](#increment_deltype) \| [pathpulse_deltype](#pathpulse_deltype) \| [pathpulsepercent_deltype](#pathpulsepercent_deltype) +pathpulse\_deltype ::= `(` [PATHPULSE](#PATHPULSE) \[ [input_output_path](#input_output_path) ] [value](#value) \[ [value](#value) ] `)` +pathpulsepercent\_deltype ::= `(` [PATHPULSEPERCENT](#PATHPULSEPERCENT) \[ [input_output_path](#input_output_path) ] [value](#value) \[ [value](#value) ] `)` +absolute\_deltype ::= `(` [ABSOLUTE](#ABSOLUTE) [del_def](#del_def) \{ [del_def](#del_def) } `)` +increment\_deltype ::= `(` [INCREMENT](#INCREMENT) [del_def](#del_def) \{ [del_def](#del_def) } `)` +input\_output\_path ::= [port_instance](#port_instance) [port_instance](#port_instance) +del\_def ::= [iopath_def](#iopath_def) \| [cond_def](#cond_def) \| [condelse_def](#condelse_def) \| [port_del](#port_del) \| [interconnect_def](#interconnect_def) \| [netdelay_def](#netdelay_def) \| [device_def](#device_def) +iopath\_def ::= `(` [IOPATH](#IOPATH) [port_spec](#port_spec) [port_instance](#port_instance) \{ [retain_def](#retain_def) } [delval_list](#delval_list) `)` +retain\_def ::= `(` [RETAIN](#RETAIN) [retval_list](#retval_list) `)` +cond\_def ::= `(` [COND](#COND) \[ [qstring](#qstring) ] [conditional_port_expr](#conditional_port_expr) [iopath_def](#iopath_def) `)` +condelse\_def ::= `(` [CONDELSE](#CONDELSE) [iopath_def](#iopath_def) `)` +port\_def ::= `(` [PORT](#PORT) [port_instance](#port_instance) [delval_list](#delval_list) `)` +interconnect\_def ::= `(` [INTERCONNECT](#INTERCONNECT) [port_instance](#port_instance) [port_instance](#port_instance) [delval_list](#delval_list) `)` +netdelay\_def ::= `(` [NETDELAY](#NETDELAY) [net_spec](#net_spec) [delval_list](#delval_list) `)` +device\_def ::= `(` [DEVICE](#DEVICE) \[ [port_instance](#port_instance) ] [delval_list](#delval_list) `)` +tchk\_def ::= [setup_timing_check](#setup_timing_check) \| [hold_timing_check](#hold_timing_check) \| [setuphold_timing_check](#setuphold_timing_check) \| [recovery_timing_check](#recovery_timing_check) \| [removal_timing_check](#removal_timing_check) \| [recrem_timing_check](#recrem_timing_check) \| [skew_timing_check](#skew_timing_check) \| [bidirectskew_timing_check](#bidirectskew_timing_check) \| [width_timing_check](#width_timing_check) \| [period_timing_check](#period_timing_check) \| [nochange_timing_check](#nochange_timing_check) +setup\_timing\_check ::= `(` [SETUP](#SETUP) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [value](#value) `)` +hold\_timing\_check ::= `(` [HOLD](#HOLD) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [value](#value) `)` +setuphold\_timing\_check ::= `(` [SETUPHOLD](#SETUPHOLD) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` \| `(` [SETUPHOLD](#SETUPHOLD) [port_spec](#port_spec) [port_spec](#port_spec) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) \[ [scond](#scond) ] \[ [ccond](#ccond) ] `)` +recovery\_timing\_check ::= `(` [RECOVERY](#RECOVERY) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [value](#value) `)` +removal\_timing\_check ::= `(` [REMOVAL](#REMOVAL) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [value](#value) `)` +recrem\_timing\_check ::= `(` [RECREM](#RECREM) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` \| `(` [RECREM](#RECREM) [port_spec](#port_spec) [port_spec](#port_spec) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) \[ [scond](#scond) ] \[ [ccond](#ccond) ] `)` +skew\_timing\_check ::= `(` [SKEW](#SKEW) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` +bidirectskew\_timing\_check ::= `(` [BIDIRECTSKEW](#BIDIRECTSKEW) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [value](#value) [value](#value) `)` +width\_timing\_check ::= `(` [WIDTH](#WIDTH) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [value](#value) `)` +period\_timing\_check ::= `(` [PERIOD](#PERIOD) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [value](#value) `)` +nochange\_timing\_check ::= `(` [NOCHANGE](#NOCHANGE) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [port_tchk](#port_tchk) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` +port\_tchk ::= [port_spec](#port_spec) \| `(` [COND](#COND) \[ [qstring](#qstring) ] [timing_check_condition](#timing_check_condition) [port_spec](#port_spec) `)` +scond ::= `(` [SCOND](#SCOND) \[ [qstring](#qstring) ] [timing_check_condition](#timing_check_condition) `)` +ccond ::= `(` [CCOND](#CCOND) \[ [qstring](#qstring) ] [timing_check_condition](#timing_check_condition) `)` +te\_def ::= [cns_def](#cns_def) \| [tenv_def](#tenv_def) +cns\_def ::= [path_constraint](#path_constraint) \| [period_constraint](#period_constraint) \| [sum_constraint](#sum_constraint) \| [diff_constraint](#diff_constraint) \| [skew_constraint](#skew_constraint) +path\_constraint ::= `(` [PATHCONSTRAINT](#PATHCONSTRAINT) \[ [name](#name) ] [port_instance](#port_instance) [port_instance](#port_instance) \{ [port_instance](#port_instance) } [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` +period\_constraint ::=`(` [PERIODCONSTRAINT](#PERIODCONSTRAINT) [port_instance](#port_instance) [value](#value) \[ [exception](#exception) ] `)` +sum\_constraint ::= `(` [SUM](#SUM) [constraint_path](#constraint_path) [constraint_path](#constraint_path) \{ [constraint_path](#constraint_path) } [rvalue](#rvalue) \[ [rvalue](#rvalue) ] `)` +diff\_constraint ::= `(` [DIFF](#DIFF) [constraint_path](#constraint_path) [constraint_path](#constraint_path) [value](#value) \[ [value](#value) ] `)` +skew\_constraint ::= `(` [SKEWCONSTRAINT](#SKEWCONSTRAINT) [port_spec](#port_spec) [value](#value) `)` +exception ::= `(` [EXCEPTION](#EXCEPTION) [cell_instance](#cell_instance) \{ [cell_instance](#cell_instance) } `)` +name ::= `(` [NAME](#NAME) \[ [qstring](#qstring) ] `)` +constraint\_path ::= `(` [port_instance](#port_instance) [port_instance](#port_instance) `)` +tenv\_def ::= [arrival_env](#arrival_env) \| [departure_env](#departure_env) \| [slack_env](#slack_env) \| [waveform_env](#waveform_env) +arrival\_env ::= `(` [ARRIVAL](#ARRIVAL) \[ [port_edge](#port_edge) ] [port_instance](#port_instance) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` +departure\_env ::= `(` [DEPARTURE](#DEPARTURE) \[ [port_edge](#port_edge) ] [port_instance](#port_instance) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` +slack\_env ::= `(` [SLACK](#SLACK) [port_instance](#port_instance) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) \[ [real_number](#real_number) ] `)` +waveform\_env ::= `(` [WAVEFORM](#WAVEFORM) [port_instance](#port_instance) [real_number](#real_number) [edge_list](#edge_list) `)` +edge\_list ::= [pos_pair](#pos_pair) \{ [pos_pair](#pos_pair) } \| [neg_pair](#neg_pair) \{ [neg_pair](#neg_pair) } +pos\_pair ::= `(` [posedge](#posedge) [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `)` `(` [negedge](#negedge) [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `)` +neg\_pair ::= `(` [negedge](#negedge) [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `)` `(` [posedge](#posedge) [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `)` +lbl\_type ::= `(` [INCREMENT](#INCREMENT) [lbl_def](#lbl_def) \{ [lbl_def](#lbl_def) } `)` \| `(` [ABSOLUTE](#ABSOLUTE) [lbl_def](#lbl_def) \{ [lbl_def](#lbl_def) } `)` +lbl\_def ::= `(` [identifier](#identifier) [delval_list](#delval_list) `)` +port\_spec ::= [port_instance](#port_instance) \| [port_edge](#port_edge) +port\_edge ::= `(` [edge_identifier](#edge_identifier) [port_instance](#port_instance) `)` +edge\_identifier ::= [posedge](#posedge) \| [negedge](#negedge) \| [01](#01) \| [10](#10) \| [0z](#0z) \| [z1](#z1) \| [1z](#1z) \| [z0](#z0) +port\_instance ::= [port](#port) \| [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) [hchar](#hchar) [port](#port) +port ::= [scalar_port](#scalar_port) \| [bus_port](#bus_port) +scalar\_port ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) \| [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) \[ [integer](#integer) ] +bus\_port ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) \[ [integer](#integer) `:` [integer](#integer) ] +net\_spec ::= [port_instance](#port_instance) \| [net_instance](#net_instance) +net\_instance ::= [net](#net) \| [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) [hier_divider_char](#hier_divider_char) [net](#net) +net ::= [scalar_net](#scalar_net) \| [bus_net](#bus_net) +scalar\_net ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) \| [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) \[ [integer](#integer) ] +bus\_net ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) \[ [integer](#integer) `:` [integer](#integer) ] +### A.1.4 Data values +value ::= `(` \[ [real_number](#real_number) ] `)` \| `(` \[[triple](#triple)] `)` +triple ::= [real_number](#real_number) `:` \[ [real_number](#real_number) ] `:` \[ [real_number](#real_number) ] \| \[ [real_number](#real_number) ] `:` [real_number](#real_number) `:` \[ [real_number](#real_number) ] \| \[ [real_number](#real_number) ] `:` \[ [real_number](#real_number) ] `:` [real_number](#real_number) +rvalue ::= `(` \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `)` \| `(` \[ [rtriple](#rtriple) ] `)` +rtriple ::= [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) `:` \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `:` \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] \| \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `:` [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) `:` \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] \| \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `:` \[ [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) ] `:` [signed_real_number](#signed_real_number) +delval ::= [rvalue](#rvalue) \| `(` [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` \| `(` [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) [rvalue](#rvalue) `)` +delval\_list ::= [delval](#delval) \| [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) \| [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) \| [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) \[ [delval](#delval) ] \[ [delval](#delval) ] \| [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) \[ [delval](#delval) ] \[ [delval](#delval) ] \[ [delval](#delval) ] \[ [delval](#delval) ] \[ [delval](#delval) ] +retval\_list ::= [delval](#delval) \| [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) \| [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) [delval](#delval) +### A.1.5 Conditions for path delays +conditional\_port\_expr ::= [simple_expression](#simple_expression) \| `(` [conditional_port_expr](#conditional_port_expr) `)` \| [unary_operator](#unary_operator) `(` [conditional_port_expr](#conditional_port_expr) `)` \| [conditional_port_expr](#conditional_port_expr) [binary_operator](#binary_operator) [conditional_port_expr](#conditional_port_expr) +simple\_expression ::= `(` [simple_expression](#simple_expression) `)` \| [unary_operator](#unary_operator) `(` [simple_expression](#simple_expression) `)` \| [port](#port) \| [unary_operator](#unary_operator) [port](#port) \| [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) \| [unary_operator](#unary_operator) [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) \| [simple_expression](#simple_expression) `?` [simple_expression](#simple_expression) `:` [simple_expression](#simple_expression) \| \{ [simple_expression](#simple_expression) \[ [concat_expression](#concat_expression) ] } \| \{ [simple_expression](#simple_expression) \{ [simple_expression](#simple_expression) \[ [concat_expression](#concat_expression) ] } } +concat\_expression ::= `,` [simple_expression](#simple_expression) +### A.1.6 Conditions for timing checks +timing\_check\_condition ::= [scalar_node](#scalar_node) \| [inversion_operator](#inversion_operator) [scalar_node](#scalar_node) \| [scalar_node](#scalar_node) [equality_operator](#equality_operator) [scalar_constant](#scalar_constant) +scalar\_node ::= [scalar_port](#scalar_port) \| [scalar_net](#scalar_net) +scalar\_net ::= [hierarchical_identifier](#hierarchical_identifier) +### A.1.7 Fundamental lexical elements +    [White](#White) [space](#space) [is](#is) [normally](#normally) [permitted](#permitted) [between](#between) [lexical](#lexical) [tokens](#tokens)`,` [but](#but) [not](#not) [within](#within) [the](#the) [definitions](#definitions) [in](#in) [A](#A)`.`[1](#1)`.`[7](#7)`.` +identifier ::= [character](#character) \{ [character](#character) } +hierarchical\_identifier ::=[identifier](#identifier) \{ [hchar](#hchar) [identifier](#identifier) } +qstring ::= `"` \{ [any_character](#any_character) } `"` +integer ::= [decimal_digit](#decimal_digit) \{ [decimal_digit](#decimal_digit) } +real\_number ::= [integer](#integer) \| [integer](#integer) \[ `.` [integer](#integer) ] \| [integer](#integer) \[ `.` [integer](#integer) ] [e](#e) \[ [sign](#sign) ] [integer](#integer) +signed\_real\_number ::= \[ [sign](#sign) ] [real_number](#real_number) +sign ::= `+` \| `-` +hchar ::= `.` \| `/` +character ::= [alphanumeric](#alphanumeric) \| [escaped_character](#escaped_character) +escaped\_character ::= `\` [character](#character) \| `\` [special_character](#special_character) \| `\"` +any\_character ::= [character](#character) \| [special_character](#special_character) \| `\"` +decimal\_digit ::= [0](#0) \| [1](#1) \| [2](#2) \| [3](#3) \| [4](#4) \| [5](#5) \| [6](#6) \| [7](#7) \| [8](#8) \| [9](#9) +alphanumeric ::= [a](#a) \| [b](#b) \| [c](#c) \| [d](#d) \| [e](#e) \| [f](#f) \| [g](#g) \| [h](#h) \| [i](#i) \| [j](#j) \| [k](#k) \| [l](#l) \| [m](#m) \| [n](#n) \| [o](#o) \| [p](#p) \| [q](#q) \| [r](#r) \| [s](#s) \| [t](#t) \| [u](#u) \| [v](#v) \| [w](#w) \| [x](#x) \| [y](#y) \| [z](#z) \| [A](#A) \| [B](#B) \| [C](#C) \| [D](#D) \| [E](#E) \| [F](#F) \| [G](#G) \| [H](#H) \| [I](#I) \| [J](#J) \| [K](#K) \| [L](#L) \| [M](#M) \| [N](#N) \| [O](#O) \| [P](#P) \| [Q](#Q) \| [R](#R) \| [S](#S) \| [T](#T) \| [U](#U) \| [V](#V) \| [W](#W) \| [X](#X) \| [Y](#Y) \| [Z](#Z) \| [_](#_) \| `$` \| [decimal_digit](#decimal_digit) +special\_character ::= `!` \| `#` \| `%` \| `&` \| `«` \| `(` \| `)` \| `*` \| `+` \| `,` \| `-` \| `.` \| `/` \| `:` \| `;` \| `<` \| `=` \| `>` \| `?` \| `@` \| \[ \| `\` \| ] \| `^` \| `‘` \| \{ \| \| \| } \| `~` +### A.1.8 Constants for expressions +scalar\_constant ::= [0](#0) \| [b0](#b0) \| [B0](#B0) \| [1](#1) [b0](#b0) \| [1](#1) [B0](#B0) \| [1](#1) \| [b1](#b1) \| [B1](#B1) \| [1](#1) [b1](#b1) \| [1](#1) [B1](#B1) +### A.1.9 Operators for expressions +unary\_operator ::= `+` \| `-` \| `!` \| `~` \| `&` \| `~&` \| \| \| `~|` \| `^` \| `^~` \| `~^` +inversion\_operator ::= `!` \| `~` +binary\_operator ::= `+` \| `-` \| `*` \| `/` \| `%` \| `==` \| `!=` \| `===` \| `!==` \| `&&` \| `||` \| `<` \| `<=` \| `>` \| `>=` \| `&` \| \| \| `^` \| `^~` \| `~^` \| `>>` \| `<<` +equality\_operator ::= `==` \| `!=` \| `===` \| `!==` +### A.1.10 Precedence rules of SDF operators +    `!` `~` [highest](#highest) [precedence](#precedence) +    `*` `/` `%` +    `+` `-` +    `<<` `>>` +    `<` `<=` `>` `>=` +    `==` `!=` `===` `!==` +    `&` +    `^` `^~` +    \| +    `&&` +    `||` [lowest](#lowest) [precedence](#precedence) diff --git a/include/slang/driver/SourceLoader.h b/include/slang/driver/SourceLoader.h index f84868bb3..99b4601fc 100644 --- a/include/slang/driver/SourceLoader.h +++ b/include/slang/driver/SourceLoader.h @@ -111,6 +111,13 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT SourceLoader { void addLibraryMaps(std::string_view pattern, const std::filesystem::path& basePath, const Bag& optionBag); + /// @brief Adds SDF files to the loader. + /// + /// All files that match the given pattern will be loaded and parsed as if + /// they were SDF files. + void addSDFFiles(std::string_view pattern, const std::filesystem::path& basePath, + const Bag& optionBag); + /// @brief Adds a group of files as a separately compiled compilation unit. /// /// Unlike files added via the @a addFiles method, files added here are @@ -124,6 +131,9 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT SourceLoader { const std::vector& includePaths, std::vector defines, const std::string& libraryName); + /// Returns a list of all library map syntax trees that have been loaded and parsed. + const SyntaxTreeList& getSDFUnits() const { return sdfUnitTrees; } + /// Returns a list of all library map syntax trees that have been loaded and parsed. const SyntaxTreeList& getLibraryMaps() const { return libraryMapTrees; } @@ -206,6 +216,8 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT SourceLoader { void addLibraryMapsInternal(std::string_view pattern, const std::filesystem::path& basePath, const Bag& optionBag, bool expandEnvVars, flat_hash_set& seenMaps); + void addSDFFilesInternal(std::string_view pattern, const std::filesystem::path& basePath, + const Bag& optionBag); void createLibrary(const syntax::LibraryDeclarationSyntax& syntax, const std::filesystem::path& basePath); LoadResult loadAndParse(const FileEntry& fileEntry, const Bag& optionBag, @@ -223,6 +235,7 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT SourceLoader { flat_hash_set uniqueExtensions; std::vector errors; SyntaxTreeList libraryMapTrees; + SyntaxTreeList sdfUnitTrees; static constexpr int MinFilesForThreading = 4; }; diff --git a/include/slang/parsing/Lexer.h b/include/slang/parsing/Lexer.h index 439946057..a92a03fe8 100644 --- a/include/slang/parsing/Lexer.h +++ b/include/slang/parsing/Lexer.h @@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ struct SLANG_EXPORT LexerOptions { uint32_t maxErrors = 16; /// The version of the SystemVerilog language to use. + /// If set to LanguageVersion::v1497_2001 preprocessor will support + /// SDF keywords and special tokens. LanguageVersion languageVersion = LanguageVersion::Default; /// If true, the preprocessor will support legacy protected envelope directives, @@ -88,6 +90,8 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT Lexer { const SourceManager& sourceManager, Token sourceToken, size_t offset, KeywordVersion keywordVersion, SmallVectorBase& results); + bool isSDFFile() { return options.languageVersion == LanguageVersion::v1497_2001; } + private: Lexer(BufferID bufferId, std::string_view source, const char* startPtr, BumpAllocator& alloc, Diagnostics& diagnostics, LexerOptions options); diff --git a/include/slang/parsing/LexerFacts.h b/include/slang/parsing/LexerFacts.h index ad1c0d126..6bf96079b 100644 --- a/include/slang/parsing/LexerFacts.h +++ b/include/slang/parsing/LexerFacts.h @@ -33,7 +33,9 @@ enum class SLANG_EXPORT KeywordVersion : uint8_t { v1800_2009 = 5, v1800_2012 = 6, v1800_2017 = 7, - v1800_2023 = 8 + v1800_2023 = 8, + // IEEE Standard for Standard Delay Format (SDF) + v1497_2001 = 9 }; class SLANG_EXPORT LexerFacts { diff --git a/include/slang/parsing/Parser.h b/include/slang/parsing/Parser.h index 4c0bc6c10..e312b892b 100644 --- a/include/slang/parsing/Parser.h +++ b/include/slang/parsing/Parser.h @@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #pragma once +#include + #include "slang/parsing/NumberParser.h" #include "slang/parsing/ParserBase.h" #include "slang/parsing/ParserMetadata.h" @@ -54,9 +56,15 @@ enum class ExpressionOptions { BinsSelectContext = 1 << 6, /// "dist" expressions are allowed in this context. - AllowDist = 1 << 7 + AllowDist = 1 << 7, + + /// Allows to parse SDF conditional port expressions + SDFCondExpr = 1 << 8, + + // Allows to parse SDF timing check conditional expressions + SDFTimingCheckCondExpr = 1 << 9, }; -SLANG_BITMASK(ExpressionOptions, AllowDist) +SLANG_BITMASK(ExpressionOptions, SDFTimingCheckCondExpr) /// Various options for parsing names. enum class NameOptions { @@ -137,6 +145,10 @@ struct SLANG_EXPORT ParserOptions { /// Implements a full syntax parser for SystemVerilog. class SLANG_EXPORT Parser : ParserBase, syntax::SyntaxFacts { public: + Parser(const Parser&) = delete; + Parser(Parser&&) = delete; + Parser& operator=(const Parser&) = delete; + Parser& operator=(Parser&&) = delete; explicit Parser(Preprocessor& preprocessor, const Bag& options = {}); /// Parse a whole compilation unit. @@ -145,6 +157,9 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT Parser : ParserBase, syntax::SyntaxFacts { /// Parse a library map file. syntax::LibraryMapSyntax& parseLibraryMap(); + /// Parse a standard delay format (SDF) file. + syntax::SDFUnitSyntax& parseSDFUnit(); + /// Parse an expression / statement / module / class / name. /// These are mostly for testing; only use if you know that the /// source stream is currently looking at one of these. @@ -179,17 +194,21 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT Parser : ParserBase, syntax::SyntaxFacts { // clang-format off syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parseMinTypMaxExpression(bitmask options = {}); syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parsePrimaryExpression(bitmask options); + syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parseSDFPrimaryExpression(bitmask options); + syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parseSDFScalarConstant(); syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parseIntegerExpression(bool disallowVector); syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parseInsideExpression(syntax::ExpressionSyntax& expr); syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parsePostfixExpression(syntax::ExpressionSyntax& expr, bitmask options); + syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parseSDFPostfixExpression(syntax::ExpressionSyntax& expr); syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parseNewExpression(syntax::NameSyntax& expr, bitmask options); - syntax::ConcatenationExpressionSyntax& parseConcatenation(Token openBrace, syntax::ExpressionSyntax* first); + syntax::ConcatenationExpressionSyntax& parseConcatenation(Token openBrace, syntax::ExpressionSyntax* first, bool isSDFCondExpr = false); syntax::StreamingConcatenationExpressionSyntax& parseStreamConcatenation(Token openBrace); syntax::StreamExpressionSyntax& parseStreamExpression(); syntax::RangeListSyntax& parseRangeList(); syntax::ExpressionSyntax& parseValueRangeElement(bitmask options = {}); syntax::ElementSelectSyntax& parseElementSelect(); syntax::SelectorSyntax* parseElementSelector(); + syntax::NameSyntax& parseSDFHierIdentifier(); syntax::NameSyntax& parseName(bitmask options); syntax::NameSyntax& parseNamePart(bitmask options); syntax::ParameterValueAssignmentSyntax* parseParameterValueAssignment(); @@ -204,7 +223,7 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT Parser : ParserBase, syntax::SyntaxFacts { syntax::EventExpressionSyntax& parseEventExpression(); syntax::NamedBlockClauseSyntax* parseNamedBlockClause(); syntax::TimingControlSyntax* parseTimingControl(); - syntax::ConditionalPredicateSyntax& parseConditionalPredicate(syntax::ExpressionSyntax& first, TokenKind endKind, Token& end); + syntax::ConditionalPredicateSyntax& parseConditionalPredicate(syntax::ExpressionSyntax& first, TokenKind endKind, Token& end, bool isSDFCondPred = false); syntax::ConditionalPatternSyntax& parseConditionalPattern(); syntax::ConditionalStatementSyntax& parseConditionalStatement(syntax::NamedLabelSyntax* label, AttrList attributes, Token uniqueOrPriority); syntax::ElseClauseSyntax* parseElseClause(); @@ -378,6 +397,54 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT Parser : ParserBase, syntax::SyntaxFacts { syntax::MemberSyntax* parseLibraryMember(); syntax::FilePathSpecSyntax& parseFilePathSpec(); syntax::LibraryDeclarationSyntax& parseLibraryDecl(); + syntax::SDFTimescaleSyntax *parseSDFTimescale(); + syntax::SDFCharMemberSyntax *parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind keywordKind, bool weak = true); + syntax::SDFValueSyntax *parseSDFValue(const std::set& endKinds, bool withParens = false, bool isSign = true); + syntax::SDFDelayValueSyntax* parseSDFDelayValue(); + std::span parseSDFDelayValueList(bool isRetain = false); + syntax::SDFValueMemberSyntax *parseSDFValueMember(TokenKind keywordKind); + syntax::SDFHeaderSyntax& parseSDFHeader(); + syntax::SDFNameSyntax* parseSDFName(); + syntax::SDFPortSpecSyntax* parseSDFPortSpec(); + syntax::SDFPortSyntax* parseSDFPort(); + syntax::SDFPortEdgeSyntax* parseSDFPortEdge(); + syntax::SDFCellInstanceSyntax* parseSDFCellInstance(); + syntax::SDFExceptionSyntax* parseSDFException(); + syntax::SDFPathPulseSyntax *parseSDFPathPulse(); + syntax::SDFRetainSyntax* parseSDFRetain(); + syntax::SDFIOPathSyntax *parseSDFIOPath(); + syntax::SDFCondSyntax *parseSDFCond(); + syntax::SDFCondElseSyntax *parseSDFCondElse(); + syntax::SDFPortDelayDefSyntax *parseSDFPortDelayDef(); + syntax::SDFInterconnectSyntax *parseSDFInterconnect(); + syntax::SDFNetDelaySyntax *parseSDFNetDelay(); + syntax::SDFDeviceSyntax *parseSDFDevice(); + syntax::SDFAbsIncDelayTypeSyntax *parseSDFAbsIncDelayType(); + std::span parseSDFDelayTypes(); + syntax::SDFDelaySpecSyntax *parseSDFDelaySpec(); + syntax::SDFPathConstraintSyntax *parseSDFPathConstraint(); + syntax::SDFPeriodConstraintSyntax *parseSDFPeriodConstraint(); + syntax::SDFConstraintPathSyntax* parseSDFConstraintPath(); + syntax::SDFSumDiffConstraintSyntax* parseSDFSumDiffConstraint(bool isDiff = false); + syntax::SDFSkewConstraintSyntax* parseSDFSkewConstraint(); + syntax::SDFTimingEnvConstructSyntax* parseSDFTimingEnvConstruct(bool isSlack = false); + syntax::SDFEdgeSyntax* parseSDFEdge(); + syntax::SDFEdgePairSyntax* parseSDFEdgePair(); + syntax::SDFWaveformSyntax* parseSDFWaveform(); + std::span parseSDFTimingEnvDefs(); + syntax::SDFTimingEnvSyntax *parseSDFTimingEnv(); + syntax::SDFPortTimingCheckSyntax* parseSDFPortTimingCheck(); + syntax::SDFTimingCheckConditionSyntax* parseSDFTimingCheckCondition(TokenKind keywordKind); + syntax::SDFTimingCheckDefSyntax* parseSDFTimingCheckDef(bool hasTwoPorts, bool hasTwoValues, bool isSign, bool hasConds = false); + std::span parseSDFTimingCheckDefs(); + syntax::SDFTimingCheckSyntax* parseSDFTimingCheck(); + syntax::SDFLabelDefSyntax* parseSDFLabelDef(); + syntax::SDFLabelTypeSyntax* parseSDFLabelType(); + std::span parseSDFLabelTypes(); + syntax::SDFLabelSyntax *parseSDFLabel(); + std::span parseSDFTimingSpecs(); + std::span parseSDFCells(); + syntax::SDFDelayFileSyntax *parseSDFDelayFile(); // clang-format on template @@ -389,7 +456,8 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT Parser : ParserBase, syntax::SyntaxFacts { template std::span parseMemberList(TokenKind endKind, Token& endToken, - syntax::SyntaxKind parentKind, TParseFunc&& parseFunc); + syntax::SyntaxKind parentKind, TParseFunc&& parseFunc, + uint32_t memberLimit = 0); template bool parseCaseItems(TokenKind caseKind, SmallVectorBase& itemBuffer, diff --git a/include/slang/syntax/SyntaxFacts.h b/include/slang/syntax/SyntaxFacts.h index fe92d5da7..574b25247 100644 --- a/include/slang/syntax/SyntaxFacts.h +++ b/include/slang/syntax/SyntaxFacts.h @@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT SyntaxFacts { /// unary prefix operator token. static SyntaxKind getUnaryPrefixExpression(TokenKind kind); + /// @return the kind of syntax that should be created for the given + /// unary prefix operator token of SDF expressions. + static SyntaxKind getSDFUnaryPrefixExpression(TokenKind kind); + /// @return the kind of syntax that should be created for the given /// unary postfix operator token. static SyntaxKind getUnaryPostfixExpression(TokenKind kind); @@ -39,6 +43,10 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT SyntaxFacts { /// literal token. static SyntaxKind getLiteralExpression(TokenKind kind); + /// @return the kind of syntax that should be created for the given + /// binary operator token of SDF expressions. + static SyntaxKind getSDFBinaryExpression(TokenKind kind); + /// @return the kind of syntax that should be created for the given /// binary operator token. static SyntaxKind getBinaryExpression(TokenKind kind); diff --git a/include/slang/syntax/SyntaxTree.h b/include/slang/syntax/SyntaxTree.h index 04ae3e0da..6e483c184 100644 --- a/include/slang/syntax/SyntaxTree.h +++ b/include/slang/syntax/SyntaxTree.h @@ -180,6 +180,38 @@ class SLANG_EXPORT SyntaxTree { SourceManager& sourceManager, const Bag& options = {}); + /// Creates a syntax tree from a standard delay format (SDF) file. + /// @a path is the path to the source file on disk. + /// @a sourceManager is the manager that owns all of the loaded source code. + /// @a options is an optional bag of lexer, preprocessor, and parser options. + /// @return the created and parsed syntax tree. + static std::shared_ptr fromSDFFile(std::string_view path, + SourceManager& sourceManager, + const Bag& options = {}); + + /// Creates a syntax tree from a standard delay format (SDF) located in memory. + /// @a text is the actual source code text. + /// @a sourceManager is the manager that owns all of the loaded source code. + /// @a name is an optional name to give to the loaded source buffer. + /// @a path is an optional path to give to the loaded source buffer. + /// @a options is an optional bag of lexer, preprocessor, and parser options. + /// @return the created and parsed syntax tree. + static std::shared_ptr fromSDFText(std::string_view text, + SourceManager& sourceManager, + std::string_view name = "source"sv, + std::string_view path = "", + const Bag& options = {}); + + /// Creates a syntax tree from a standard delay format (SDF) already loaded into a source + /// buffer. + /// @a buffer is the loaded source buffer. + /// @a sourceManager is the manager that owns the buffer. + /// @a options is an optional bag of lexer, preprocessor, and parser options. + /// @return the created and parsed syntax tree. + static std::shared_ptr fromSDFBuffer(const SourceBuffer& buffer, + SourceManager& sourceManager, + const Bag& options = {}); + /// Gets any diagnostics generated while parsing. Diagnostics& diagnostics() { return diagnosticsBuffer; } diff --git a/include/slang/util/LanguageVersion.h b/include/slang/util/LanguageVersion.h index 923a24f24..01b5c9d3f 100644 --- a/include/slang/util/LanguageVersion.h +++ b/include/slang/util/LanguageVersion.h @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ namespace slang { -/// Specifies SystemVerilog language versions. -enum class LanguageVersion { v1800_2017, v1800_2023, Default = v1800_2017 }; +/// Specifies SystemVerilog language versions and Standard Delay Format (SDF) standard. +enum class LanguageVersion { v1800_2017, v1800_2023, v1497_2001, Default = v1800_2017 }; inline std::string_view toString(LanguageVersion lv) { switch (lv) { @@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ inline std::string_view toString(LanguageVersion lv) { return "1800-2017"; case LanguageVersion::v1800_2023: return "1800-2023"; + case LanguageVersion::v1497_2001: + return "1497-2001"; default: return ""; } diff --git a/scripts/diagnostics.txt b/scripts/diagnostics.txt index 96ad900e3..ed839f194 100644 --- a/scripts/diagnostics.txt +++ b/scripts/diagnostics.txt @@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ error MisplacedTrailingSeparator "misplaced trailing '{}'" error ImplicitNotAllowed "expected data type (implicit type name not allowed)" error InvalidAccessDotColon "invalid access token; '{}' should be '{}'" error ExpectedMember "expected member" +error MemberLimitViolation "expected only {} member(s)" error ExpectedStatement "expected statement" error ExpectedParameterPort "expected parameter declaration" error ExpectedNonAnsiPort "expected non-ansi port declaration" @@ -153,6 +154,23 @@ error ExpectedPortList "expected parameter list or port list" error ExpectedRsRule "expected randsequence production rule" error ExpectedPattern "expected pattern" error ExpectedFunctionPortList "expected function port list" +error ExpectedSDFDivider "expected '/' or '.' divider" +error ExpectedSDFMember "expected at least one {} member specified" +error InvalidSDFTimescaleUnit "invalid SDF timescale unit; expected a combination of (1 | 10 | 100 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 100.0) and (s | ms | us | ns | ps | fs)" +error InvalidSDFValueSep "invalid SDF value separator; expected ':'" +error InvalidSDFValueExpr "invalid SDF value expression" +error InvalidSDFCellInstanceIdentifier "invalid SDF cell intstance identifer expected empty identifier or '*' or hierarchical identifier" +error ExpectedSDFIdentifier "expected SDF identifier name" +error InvalidSDFPortEdgeIdentifier "invalid SDF port edge identifier; expected one of (posedge | negedge | 01 | 10 | 0z | z1 | 1z | z0)" +error InvalidSDFDelayValuesList "expected no more than {} delay values" +error InvalidSDFPathCnsPortNum "expected at least 2 port instance specified at path constraint" +error InvalidSDFSumDiffCnsPathesNum "expected at least 2 path constraint specifier at SUM/DIFF constraint" +error InvalidSDFEdgeSpec "expected posedge or negedge edge specifier" +error InvalidSDFEdgePair "expected {}" +error InvalidSDFExprScalar "invalid SDF constant scalar expression; expected one of: (0 | b0 | B0 | 1 b0 | 1 B0 | 1 | b1 | B1 | 1 b1 | 1 B1)" +error InvalidSDFInvOp "invalid inversion operator; expected '~' or '!'" +error ExpectedRealLiteralExpression "expected usigned integer or real literal" +error DifferentSDFNameSeperator "only one type ('{}') of separator should be used" error NoLabelOnSemicolon "labels are not allowed on empty semicolon" error DeferredDelayMustBeZero "deferred assertion delay must be zero" error InvalidGenvarIterExpression "invalid genvar iteration expression" diff --git a/scripts/grammar_gen.py b/scripts/grammar_gen.py index 7361e0271..f2c15b72f 100644 --- a/scripts/grammar_gen.py +++ b/scripts/grammar_gen.py @@ -10,10 +10,17 @@ ourdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) -inf = open(os.path.join(ourdir, "grammar.txt")) -outf = open(os.path.join(ourdir, "../docs/grammar.md"), "w") +infs = [ + open(os.path.join(ourdir, "grammar.txt")), + open(os.path.join(ourdir, "grammar_sdf.txt")), +] +outfs = [ + open(os.path.join(ourdir, "../docs/grammar.md"), "w"), + open(os.path.join(ourdir, "../docs/grammar_sdf.md"), "w"), +] -outf.write("# SystemVerilog\n") +outfs[0].write("# SystemVerilog\n") +outfs[1].write("# Standard Delay Format (SDF)\n") def entry(line): @@ -49,21 +56,23 @@ def replacer(m): entry(saved_match) -for line in inf: - line = line.strip() - if not line: - continue +for i, inf in enumerate(infs): + outf = outfs[i] + for line in inf: + line = line.strip() + if not line: + continue - if line.startswith("A."): - count = line.split(" ")[0].count(".") - if count == 1: - outf.write("## ") - elif count == 2: - outf.write("### ") - elif count == 3: - outf.write("#### ") + if line.startswith("A."): + count = line.split(" ")[0].count(".") + if count == 1: + outf.write("## ") + elif count == 2: + outf.write("### ") + elif count == 3: + outf.write("#### ") + else: + raise Exception("wut") + outf.write(line + "\n") else: - raise Exception("wut") - outf.write(line + "\n") - else: - entry(line) + entry(line) diff --git a/scripts/grammar_sdf.txt b/scripts/grammar_sdf.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e5d303acb --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/grammar_sdf.txt @@ -0,0 +1,268 @@ +A.1 Formal syntax definition + +A.1.1 SDF delay file and header + +delay_file ::= ( DELAYFILE sdf_header cell { cell } ) + +sdf_header ::= +sdf_version [ design_name ] [ date ] [ vendor ] [ program_name ] [ program_version ] [hierarchy_divider ] [ voltage ] [ process ] [temperature ] [ time_scale ] + +sdf_version ::= ( SDFVERSION qstring ) + +design_name ::= ( DESIGN qstring ) + +date ::= ( DATE qstring ) + +vendor ::= ( VENDOR qstring ) + +program_name ::= ( PROGRAM qstring ) + +program_version ::= ( VERSION qstring ) + +hierarchy_divider ::= ( DIVIDER hchar ) + +voltage ::= ( VOLTAGE rtriple ) | ( VOLTAGE signed_real_number ) + +process ::= ( PROCESS qstring ) + +temperature ::= ( TEMPERATURE rtriple ) | ( TEMPERATURE signed_real_number ) + +time_scale ::= ( TIMESCALE timescale_number timescale_unit ) + +timescale_number ::= 1 | 10 | 100 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 100.0 + +timescale_unit ::= s | ms | us | ns | ps | fs + +A.1.2 Cells + +cell ::= ( CELL celltype cell_instance { timing_spec } ) + +celltype ::= ( CELLTYPE qstring ) + +cell_instance ::= ( INSTANCE [ hierarchical_identifier ] ) | ( INSTANCE * ) + +A.1.3 Timing specifications + +timing_spec ::= del_spec | tc_spec | lbl_spec | te_spec + +del_spec ::= ( DELAY deltype { deltype } ) + +tc_spec ::= ( TIMINGCHECK tchk_def { tchk_def } ) + +te_spec ::= ( TIMINGENV te_def { te_def } ) + +lbl_spec ::= ( LABEL lbl_type { lbl_type } ) + +deltype ::= | absolute_deltype | increment_deltype | pathpulse_deltype | pathpulsepercent_deltype + +pathpulse_deltype ::= ( PATHPULSE [ input_output_path ] value [ value ] ) + +pathpulsepercent_deltype ::= ( PATHPULSEPERCENT [ input_output_path ] value [ value ] ) + +absolute_deltype ::= ( ABSOLUTE del_def { del_def } ) + +increment_deltype ::= ( INCREMENT del_def { del_def } ) + +input_output_path ::= port_instance port_instance + +del_def ::= iopath_def | cond_def | condelse_def | port_del | interconnect_def | netdelay_def | device_def + +iopath_def ::= ( IOPATH port_spec port_instance { retain_def } delval_list ) + +retain_def ::= ( RETAIN retval_list ) + +cond_def ::= ( COND [ qstring ] conditional_port_expr iopath_def ) + +condelse_def ::= ( CONDELSE iopath_def ) + +port_def ::= ( PORT port_instance delval_list ) + +interconnect_def ::= ( INTERCONNECT port_instance port_instance delval_list ) + +netdelay_def ::= ( NETDELAY net_spec delval_list ) + +device_def ::= ( DEVICE [ port_instance ] delval_list ) + +tchk_def ::= setup_timing_check | hold_timing_check | setuphold_timing_check | recovery_timing_check | removal_timing_check | recrem_timing_check | skew_timing_check | bidirectskew_timing_check | width_timing_check | period_timing_check | nochange_timing_check + +setup_timing_check ::= ( SETUP port_tchk port_tchk value ) + +hold_timing_check ::= ( HOLD port_tchk port_tchk value ) + +setuphold_timing_check ::= ( SETUPHOLD port_tchk port_tchk rvalue rvalue ) | ( SETUPHOLD port_spec port_spec rvalue rvalue [ scond ] [ ccond ] ) + +recovery_timing_check ::= ( RECOVERY port_tchk port_tchk value ) + +removal_timing_check ::= ( REMOVAL port_tchk port_tchk value ) + +recrem_timing_check ::= ( RECREM port_tchk port_tchk rvalue rvalue ) | ( RECREM port_spec port_spec rvalue rvalue [ scond ] [ ccond ] ) + +skew_timing_check ::= ( SKEW port_tchk port_tchk rvalue ) + +bidirectskew_timing_check ::= ( BIDIRECTSKEW port_tchk port_tchk value value ) + +width_timing_check ::= ( WIDTH port_tchk value ) + +period_timing_check ::= ( PERIOD port_tchk value ) + +nochange_timing_check ::= ( NOCHANGE port_tchk port_tchk rvalue rvalue ) + +port_tchk ::= port_spec | ( COND [ qstring ] timing_check_condition port_spec ) + +scond ::= ( SCOND [ qstring ] timing_check_condition ) + +ccond ::= ( CCOND [ qstring ] timing_check_condition ) + +te_def ::= cns_def | tenv_def + +cns_def ::= path_constraint | period_constraint | sum_constraint | diff_constraint | skew_constraint + +path_constraint ::= ( PATHCONSTRAINT [ name ] port_instance port_instance { port_instance } rvalue rvalue ) + +period_constraint ::=( PERIODCONSTRAINT port_instance value [ exception ] ) + +sum_constraint ::= ( SUM constraint_path constraint_path { constraint_path } rvalue [ rvalue ] ) + +diff_constraint ::= ( DIFF constraint_path constraint_path value [ value ] ) + +skew_constraint ::= ( SKEWCONSTRAINT port_spec value ) + +exception ::= ( EXCEPTION cell_instance { cell_instance } ) + +name ::= ( NAME [ qstring ] ) + +constraint_path ::= ( port_instance port_instance ) + +tenv_def ::= arrival_env | departure_env | slack_env | waveform_env + +arrival_env ::= ( ARRIVAL [ port_edge ] port_instance rvalue rvalue rvalue rvalue ) + +departure_env ::= ( DEPARTURE [ port_edge ] port_instance rvalue rvalue rvalue rvalue ) + +slack_env ::= ( SLACK port_instance rvalue rvalue rvalue rvalue [ real_number ] ) + +waveform_env ::= ( WAVEFORM port_instance real_number edge_list ) + +edge_list ::= pos_pair { pos_pair } | neg_pair { neg_pair } + +pos_pair ::= ( posedge signed_real_number [ signed_real_number ] ) ( negedge signed_real_number [ signed_real_number ] ) + +neg_pair ::= ( negedge signed_real_number [ signed_real_number ] ) ( posedge signed_real_number [ signed_real_number ] ) + +lbl_type ::= ( INCREMENT lbl_def { lbl_def } ) | ( ABSOLUTE lbl_def { lbl_def } ) + +lbl_def ::= ( identifier delval_list ) + +port_spec ::= port_instance | port_edge + +port_edge ::= ( edge_identifier port_instance ) + +edge_identifier ::= posedge | negedge | 01 | 10 | 0z | z1 | 1z | z0 + +port_instance ::= port | hierarchical_identifier hchar port + +port ::= scalar_port | bus_port + +scalar_port ::= hierarchical_identifier | hierarchical_identifier [ integer ] + +bus_port ::= hierarchical_identifier [ integer : integer ] + +net_spec ::= port_instance | net_instance + +net_instance ::= net | hierarchical_identifier hier_divider_char net + +net ::= scalar_net | bus_net + +scalar_net ::= hierarchical_identifier | hierarchical_identifier [ integer ] + +bus_net ::= hierarchical_identifier [ integer : integer ] + +A.1.4 Data values + +value ::= ( [ real_number ] ) | ( [triple] ) + +triple ::= real_number : [ real_number ] : [ real_number ] | [ real_number ] : real_number : [ real_number ] | [ real_number ] : [ real_number ] : real_number + +rvalue ::= ( [ signed_real_number ] ) | ( [ rtriple ] ) + +rtriple ::= signed_real_number : [ signed_real_number ] : [ signed_real_number ] | [ signed_real_number ] : signed_real_number : [ signed_real_number ] | [ signed_real_number ] : [ signed_real_number ] : signed_real_number + +delval ::= rvalue | ( rvalue rvalue ) | ( rvalue rvalue rvalue ) + +delval_list ::= delval | delval delval | delval delval delval | delval delval delval delval [ delval ] [ delval ] | delval delval delval delval delval delval delval [ delval ] [ delval ] [ delval ] [ delval ] [ delval ] + +retval_list ::= delval | delval delval | delval delval delval + +A.1.5 Conditions for path delays + +conditional_port_expr ::= simple_expression | ( conditional_port_expr ) | unary_operator ( conditional_port_expr ) | conditional_port_expr binary_operator conditional_port_expr + +simple_expression ::= ( simple_expression ) | unary_operator ( simple_expression ) | port | unary_operator port | scalar_constant | unary_operator scalar_constant | simple_expression ? simple_expression : simple_expression | { simple_expression [ concat_expression ] } | { simple_expression { simple_expression [ concat_expression ] } } + +concat_expression ::= , simple_expression + +A.1.6 Conditions for timing checks + +timing_check_condition ::= scalar_node | inversion_operator scalar_node | scalar_node equality_operator scalar_constant + +scalar_node ::= scalar_port | scalar_net + +scalar_net ::= hierarchical_identifier + +A.1.7 Fundamental lexical elements + +identifier ::= character { character } + +hierarchical_identifier ::=identifier { hchar identifier } + +qstring ::= " { any_character } " + +integer ::= decimal_digit { decimal_digit } + +real_number ::= integer | integer [ . integer ] | integer [ . integer ] e [ sign ] integer + +signed_real_number ::= [ sign ] real_number + +sign ::= + | - + +hchar ::= . | / + +character ::= alphanumeric | escaped_character + +escaped_character ::= \ character | \ special_character | \" + +any_character ::= character | special_character | \" + +decimal_digit ::= 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 + +alphanumeric ::= a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | _ | $ | decimal_digit + +special_character ::= ! | # | % | & | « | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | ‘ | { | | | } | ~ + +A.1.8 Constants for expressions + +scalar_constant ::= 0 | b0 | B0 | 1 b0 | 1 B0 | 1 | b1 | B1 | 1 b1 | 1 B1 + +A.1.9 Operators for expressions + +unary_operator ::= + | - | ! | ~ | & | ~& | | | ~| | ^ | ^~ | ~^ + +inversion_operator ::= ! | ~ + +binary_operator ::= + | - | * | / | % | == | != | === | !== | && | || | < | <= | > | >= | & | | | ^ | ^~ | ~^ | >> | << + +equality_operator ::= == | != | === | !== + +A.1.10 Precedence rules of SDF operators + +! ~ +* / % ++ - +<< >> +< <= > >= +== != === !== +& +^ ^~ +| +&& +|| diff --git a/scripts/syntax.txt b/scripts/syntax.txt index 62f4e06df..59e0387fe 100644 --- a/scripts/syntax.txt +++ b/scripts/syntax.txt @@ -2176,6 +2176,10 @@ LibraryMap list members token endOfFile +SDFUnit +list members +token endOfFile + // ----- DIRECTIVES ----- Directive final=false @@ -2384,3 +2388,299 @@ LibraryIncludeStatement base=Member token include FilePathSpec filePath token semi + +// ----- SDF types common ----- + +SDFValue +Expression? min +Expression? typ +Expression? max + +SDFDelayValue +list values + +SDFPortTimingCheck final=false +empty + +SDFPortSpec base=SDFPortTimingCheck final=false +empty + +SDFPort base=SDFPortSpec +Expression portExpr + +SDFPortEdge base=SDFPortSpec +token openParen +token identifier +SDFPort port +token closeParen + +SDFValueMember +token openParen +token keyword +SDFValue value +token closeParen + +SDFCharMember +token openParen +token keyword +token value +token closeParen + +SDFName +token openParen +token keyword +LiteralExpression? name +token closeParen + +// ----- SDF expressions ----- + +// ----- SDF timing specifications ----- + +SDFRetain +token openParen +token keyword +list values +token closeParen + +SDFDelayDef final=false +empty + +SDFIOPath base=SDFDelayDef +token openParen +token keyword +list ports +SDFRetain? retain +list values +token closeParen + +SDFCond base=SDFDelayDef +token openParen +token keyword +LiteralExpression? name +Expression condition +SDFIOPath iopath +token closeParen + +SDFCondElse base=SDFDelayDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFIOPath iopath +token closeParen + +SDFPortDelayDef base=SDFDelayDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFPort port +list values +token closeParen + +SDFInterconnect base=SDFDelayDef +token openParen +token keyword +list ports +list values +token closeParen + +SDFNetDelay base=SDFDelayDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFPort net +list values +token closeParen + +SDFDevice base=SDFDelayDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFPort? port +list values +token closeParen + +SDFDelayType final=false +empty + +SDFPathPulse base=SDFDelayType +token openParen +token keyword +SDFPort? in +SDFPort? out +list values +token closeParen + +SDFAbsIncDelayType base=SDFDelayType +token openParen +token keyword +list defs +token closeParen + +SDFTimingCheckCondition base=SDFPortTimingCheck +token openParen +token keyword +LiteralExpression? name +Expression condition +SDFPortSpec? portSpec +token closeParen + +SDFTimingCheckDef final=false +empty + +SDFTimingCheckDef +token openParen +token keyword +list ports +list values +list conditions +token closeParen + +SDFTimingEnvDef final=false +empty + +SDFPathConstraint base=SDFTimingEnvDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFName? name +list ports +list values +token closeParen + +SDFConstraintPath +token openParen +list ports +token closeParen + +SDFSumDiffConstraint base=SDFTimingEnvDef +token openParen +token keyword +list pathes +list values +token closeParen + +SDFSkewConstraint base=SDFTimingEnvDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFPortSpec portSpec +SDFValue value +token closeParen + +SDFTimingEnvConstruct base=SDFTimingEnvDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFPortEdge? edge +SDFPort port +list values +Expression? period +token closeParen + +SDFEdge +token openParen +token edge +list offsets +token closeParen + +SDFEdgePair +list edges + +SDFWaveform base=SDFTimingEnvDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFPort port +Expression period +list pairs +token closeParen + +SDFLabelDef +token openParen +Name identifier +list values +token closeParen + +SDFLabelType +token openParen +token keyword +list defs +token closeParen + +SDFTimingSpec final=false +empty + +SDFDelaySpec base=SDFTimingSpec +token openParen +token keyword +list types +token closeParen + +SDFTimingCheck base=SDFTimingSpec +token opneParne +token keyword +list defs +token closeParen + +SDFTimingEnv base=SDFTimingSpec +token openParen +token keyword +list defs +token closeParen + +SDFLabel base=SDFTimingSpec +token openParen +token keyword +list type +token closeParen + +// ----- SDF cells ----- + +SDFCellInstance +token openParen +token keyword +Name name +token closeParen + +SDFException +token openParen +token keyword +list instances +token closeParen + +SDFPeriodConstraint base=SDFTimingEnvDef +token openParen +token keyword +SDFPort port +SDFValue value +SDFException? exception +token closeParen + +SDFCell +token openParen +token keyword +SDFCharMember type +SDFCellInstance instance +list specs +token closeParen + +// ----- SDF delay file and header ----- + +SDFTimescale +token openParen +token keyword +LiteralExpression number +token unit +token closeParen + +SDFHeader +SDFCharMember? version +SDFCharMember? design +SDFCharMember? date +SDFCharMember? vendor +SDFCharMember? programName +SDFCharMember? programVersion +SDFCharMember? divider +SDFValueMember? voltage +SDFCharMember? process +SDFValueMember? temperature +SDFTimescale? timescale + +SDFDelayFile base=Member +token openParen +token keyword +SDFHeader header +list cells +token closeParen diff --git a/scripts/tokenkinds.txt b/scripts/tokenkinds.txt index 0d20e924c..5bd301ccc 100644 --- a/scripts/tokenkinds.txt +++ b/scripts/tokenkinds.txt @@ -350,3 +350,60 @@ MacroEscapedQuote MacroPaste EmptyMacroArgument LineContinuation +SDFDelayFileKeyword +SDFVersionKeyword +SDFDesignKeyword +SDFDateKeyword +SDFVendorKeyword +SDFProgramKeyword +SDFProgramVersionKeyword +SDFDividerKeyword +SDFVoltageKeyword +SDFProcessKeyword +SDFTemperatureKeyword +SDFTimescaleKeyword +SDFCellKeyword +SDFCellTypeKeyword +SDFInstanceKeyword +SDFDelayKeyword +SDFTimingCheckKeyword +SDFTimingEnvKeyword +SDFLabelKeyword +SDFPathPulseKeyword +SDFPathPulsePercentKeyword +SDFAbsoluteKeyword +SDFIncrementKeyword +SDFIOPathKeyword +SDFRetainKeyword +SDFCondKeyword +SDFCondElseKeyword +SDFPortKeyword +SDFInterconnectKeyword +SDFNetDelayKeyword +SDFDeviceKeyword +SDFSetupKeyword +SDFHoldKeyword +SDFSetupHoldKeyword +SDFRecoveryKeyword +SDFRemovalKeyword +SDFRecremKeyword +SDFSkewKeyword +SDFBidirectSkewKeyword +SDFWidthKeyword +SDFPeriodKeyword +SDFNochangeKeyword +SDFSCondKeyword +SDFCCondKeyword +SDFPathConstraintKeyword +SDFPeriodConstraintKeyword +SDFSumKeyword +SDFDiffKeyword +SDFSkewConstraintKeyword +SDFExceptionKeyword +SDFNameKeyword +SDFArrivalKeyword +SDFDepartureKeyword +SDFSlackKeyword +SDFWaveformKeyword +SDFEdgeIdent0Z +SDFEdgeIdent1Z diff --git a/source/ast/Scope.cpp b/source/ast/Scope.cpp index 782a942b6..73607a795 100644 --- a/source/ast/Scope.cpp +++ b/source/ast/Scope.cpp @@ -544,8 +544,9 @@ void Scope::addMembers(const SyntaxNode& syntax) { break; case SyntaxKind::LibraryDeclaration: case SyntaxKind::LibraryIncludeStatement: + case SyntaxKind::SDFUnit: // These are ignored here, they're only processed during - // library map construction. + // library map or SDF unit construction. break; default: SLANG_UNREACHABLE; diff --git a/source/driver/Driver.cpp b/source/driver/Driver.cpp index 70e191991..2ef5bd14c 100644 --- a/source/driver/Driver.cpp +++ b/source/driver/Driver.cpp @@ -277,6 +277,20 @@ void Driver::addStandardArgs() { "for library name mappings and file lists", "[,...]", CommandLineFlags::CommaList); + cmdLine.add( + "--sdf", + [this](std::string_view value) { + Bag optionBag; + addParseOptions(optionBag); + auto lo = optionBag.insertOrGet(); + lo.languageVersion = LanguageVersion::v1497_2001; + optionBag.set(lo); + sourceLoader.addSDFFiles(value, {}, optionBag); + return ""; + }, + "One or more standard delay format files to parse", "[,...]", + CommandLineFlags::CommaList); + cmdLine.add( "-y,--libdir", [this](std::string_view value) { @@ -782,6 +796,8 @@ std::unique_ptr Driver::createCompilation() { defaultLib->isDefault = true; auto compilation = std::make_unique(createOptionBag(), defaultLib); + for (auto& tree : sourceLoader.getSDFUnits()) + compilation->addSyntaxTree(tree); for (auto& tree : sourceLoader.getLibraryMaps()) compilation->addSyntaxTree(tree); for (auto& tree : syntaxTrees) diff --git a/source/driver/SourceLoader.cpp b/source/driver/SourceLoader.cpp index a2fd7506b..7d9d4f515 100644 --- a/source/driver/SourceLoader.cpp +++ b/source/driver/SourceLoader.cpp @@ -74,6 +74,11 @@ void SourceLoader::addLibraryMaps(std::string_view pattern, const fs::path& base addLibraryMapsInternal(pattern, basePath, optionBag, /* expandEnvVars */ false, seenMaps); } +void SourceLoader::addSDFFiles(std::string_view pattern, const fs::path& basePath, + const Bag& optionBag) { + addSDFFilesInternal(pattern, basePath, optionBag); +} + void SourceLoader::addSeparateUnit(std::span filePatterns, const std::vector& includePaths, std::vector defines, @@ -152,6 +157,29 @@ void SourceLoader::addLibraryMapsInternal(std::string_view pattern, const fs::pa } } +void SourceLoader::addSDFFilesInternal(std::string_view pattern, const fs::path& basePath, + const Bag& optionBag) { + SmallVector files; + std::error_code ec; + svGlob(basePath, pattern, GlobMode::Files, files, /* expandEnvVars=*/false, ec); + + if (ec) { + addError(pattern, ec); + return; + } + + for (auto& path : files) { + auto buffer = sourceManager.readSource(path, /* library */ nullptr); + if (!buffer) { + addError(path, buffer.error()); + continue; + } + + auto tree = SyntaxTree::fromSDFBuffer(*buffer, sourceManager, optionBag); + sdfUnitTrees.push_back(tree); + } +} + std::vector SourceLoader::loadSources() { std::vector results; results.reserve(fileEntries.size()); diff --git a/source/parsing/Lexer.cpp b/source/parsing/Lexer.cpp index 6d76df7c9..424aa4dfe 100644 --- a/source/parsing/Lexer.cpp +++ b/source/parsing/Lexer.cpp @@ -448,6 +448,13 @@ Token Lexer::lexToken(KeywordVersion keywordVersion) { case '7': case '8': case '9': + // Parse SDF '0z'/'1z' lexemes + if (isSDFFile() and peek() == 'z' and (c == '0' or c == '1')) { + advance(); + return (c == '0') ? create(TokenKind::SDFEdgeIdent0Z) + : create(TokenKind::SDFEdgeIdent1Z); + } + // back up so that lexNumericLiteral can look at this digit again sourceBuffer--; return lexNumericLiteral(); @@ -570,10 +577,24 @@ Token Lexer::lexToken(KeywordVersion keywordVersion) { case 'y': case 'z': case '_': { // clang-format on + // Parse SDF scalar constant base which not consist an apostrophe + // (due to grammar) + if (isSDFFile() && (c == 'b' || c == 'B')) { + if (peek() == '0' || peek() == '1') { + advance(); + if (!isAlphaNumeric(peek())) { + --sourceBuffer; + LiteralBase base = LiteralBase::Binary; + return create(TokenKind::IntegerBase, base, true); + } + } + } scanIdentifier(); // might be a keyword - auto table = LF::getKeywordTable(keywordVersion); + auto table = (!isSDFFile()) ? LF::getKeywordTable(keywordVersion) + : LF::getKeywordTable(KeywordVersion::v1497_2001); + SLANG_ASSERT(table); if (auto it = table->find(lexeme()); it != table->end()) return create(it->second); diff --git a/source/parsing/LexerFacts.cpp b/source/parsing/LexerFacts.cpp index ed0f1b08b..522af2086 100644 --- a/source/parsing/LexerFacts.cpp +++ b/source/parsing/LexerFacts.cpp @@ -69,7 +69,9 @@ const static flat_hash_map keywordVersionTable { "1800-2009", KeywordVersion::v1800_2009 }, { "1800-2012", KeywordVersion::v1800_2012 }, { "1800-2017", KeywordVersion::v1800_2017 }, - { "1800-2023", KeywordVersion::v1800_2023 } + { "1800-2023", KeywordVersion::v1800_2023 }, + // SDF standard + { "1497-2001", KeywordVersion::v1497_2001 } }; // Lists of keywords, separated by the specification in which they were first introduced @@ -336,9 +338,66 @@ const static flat_hash_map keywordVersionTable { "nettype", TokenKind::NetTypeKeyword },\ { "soft", TokenKind::SoftKeyword } +#define SDFKEYWORDS_1497_2001 \ + { "DELAYFILE", TokenKind::SDFDelayFileKeyword },\ + { "SDFVERSION", TokenKind::SDFVersionKeyword },\ + { "DESIGN", TokenKind::SDFDesignKeyword },\ + { "DATE", TokenKind::SDFDateKeyword },\ + { "VENDOR", TokenKind::SDFVendorKeyword },\ + { "PROGRAM", TokenKind::SDFProgramKeyword },\ + { "VERSION", TokenKind::SDFProgramVersionKeyword },\ + { "DIVIDER", TokenKind::SDFDividerKeyword },\ + { "VOLTAGE", TokenKind::SDFVoltageKeyword },\ + { "PROCESS", TokenKind::SDFProcessKeyword },\ + { "TEMPERATURE", TokenKind::SDFTemperatureKeyword },\ + { "TIMESCALE", TokenKind::SDFTimescaleKeyword },\ + { "CELL", TokenKind::SDFCellKeyword },\ + { "CELLTYPE", TokenKind::SDFCellTypeKeyword },\ + { "INSTANCE", TokenKind::SDFInstanceKeyword },\ + { "DELAY", TokenKind::SDFDelayKeyword },\ + { "TIMINGCHECK", TokenKind::SDFTimingCheckKeyword },\ + { "TIMINGENV", TokenKind::SDFTimingEnvKeyword },\ + { "LABEL", TokenKind::SDFLabelKeyword },\ + { "PATHPULSE", TokenKind::SDFPathPulseKeyword },\ + { "PATHPULSEPERCENT", TokenKind::SDFPathPulsePercentKeyword },\ + { "ABSOLUTE", TokenKind::SDFAbsoluteKeyword },\ + { "INCREMENT", TokenKind::SDFIncrementKeyword },\ + { "IOPATH", TokenKind::SDFIOPathKeyword },\ + { "RETAIN", TokenKind::SDFRetainKeyword },\ + { "COND", TokenKind::SDFCondKeyword },\ + { "CONDELSE", TokenKind::SDFCondElseKeyword },\ + { "PORT", TokenKind::SDFPortKeyword },\ + { "INTERCONNECT", TokenKind::SDFInterconnectKeyword },\ + { "NETDELAY", TokenKind::SDFNetDelayKeyword },\ + { "DEVICE", TokenKind::SDFDeviceKeyword },\ + { "SETUP", TokenKind::SDFSetupKeyword },\ + { "HOLD", TokenKind::SDFHoldKeyword },\ + { "SETUPHOLD", TokenKind::SDFSetupHoldKeyword },\ + { "RECOVERY", TokenKind::SDFRecoveryKeyword },\ + { "REMOVAL", TokenKind::SDFRemovalKeyword },\ + { "RECREM", TokenKind::SDFRecremKeyword },\ + { "SKEW", TokenKind::SDFSkewKeyword },\ + { "BIDIRECTSKEW", TokenKind::SDFBidirectSkewKeyword },\ + { "WIDTH", TokenKind::SDFWidthKeyword },\ + { "PERIOD", TokenKind::SDFPeriodKeyword },\ + { "NOCHANGE", TokenKind::SDFNochangeKeyword },\ + { "SCOND", TokenKind::SDFSCondKeyword },\ + { "CCOND", TokenKind::SDFCCondKeyword },\ + { "PATHCONSTRAINT", TokenKind::SDFPathConstraintKeyword },\ + { "PERIODCONSTRAINT", TokenKind::SDFPeriodConstraintKeyword },\ + { "SUM", TokenKind::SDFSumKeyword },\ + { "DIFF", TokenKind::SDFDiffKeyword },\ + { "SKEWCONSTRAINT", TokenKind::SDFSkewConstraintKeyword },\ + { "EXCEPTION", TokenKind::SDFExceptionKeyword },\ + { "NAME", TokenKind::SDFNameKeyword },\ + { "ARRIVAL", TokenKind::SDFArrivalKeyword },\ + { "DEPARTURE", TokenKind::SDFDepartureKeyword },\ + { "SLACK", TokenKind::SDFSlackKeyword },\ + { "WAVEFORM", TokenKind::SDFWaveformKeyword } + // We maintain a separate table of keywords for all the various specifications, // to allow for easy switching between them when requested -const static flat_hash_map allKeywords[9] = +const static flat_hash_map allKeywords[10] = { { // IEEE 1364-1995 KEYWORDS_1364_1995 }, { // IEEE 1364-2001-noconfig @@ -390,7 +449,9 @@ const static flat_hash_map allKeywords[9] = NEWKEYWORDS_1800_2005, NEWKEYWORDS_1800_2009, NEWKEYWORDS_1800_2012 -} }; +}, { // IEEE 1497-2001 (SDF) + SDFKEYWORDS_1497_2001 +}}; // clang-format on bool LexerFacts::isKeyword(TokenKind kind) { @@ -669,6 +730,8 @@ KeywordVersion LexerFacts::getDefaultKeywordVersion(LanguageVersion languageVers return KeywordVersion::v1800_2017; case LanguageVersion::v1800_2023: return KeywordVersion::v1800_2023; + case LanguageVersion::v1497_2001: + return KeywordVersion::v1497_2001; default: SLANG_UNREACHABLE; } @@ -1058,6 +1121,66 @@ std::string_view LexerFacts::getTokenKindText(TokenKind kind) { case TokenKind::MacroEscapedQuote: return "`\\`\""; case TokenKind::MacroPaste: return "``"; + // SDF keywords + case TokenKind::SDFAbsoluteKeyword: return "ABSOLUTE"; + case TokenKind::SDFArrivalKeyword: return "ARRIVAL"; + case TokenKind::SDFBidirectSkewKeyword: return "BIDIRECTSKEW"; + case TokenKind::SDFCCondKeyword: return "CCOND"; + case TokenKind::SDFCellKeyword: return "CELL"; + case TokenKind::SDFCellTypeKeyword: return "CELLTYPE"; + case TokenKind::SDFCondKeyword: return "COND"; + case TokenKind::SDFCondElseKeyword: return "CONDELSE"; + case TokenKind::SDFDateKeyword: return "DATE"; + case TokenKind::SDFDelayKeyword: return "DELAY"; + case TokenKind::SDFDelayFileKeyword: return "DELAYFILE"; + case TokenKind::SDFDepartureKeyword: return "DEPARTURE"; + case TokenKind::SDFDesignKeyword: return "DESIGN"; + case TokenKind::SDFDeviceKeyword: return "DEVICE"; + case TokenKind::SDFDiffKeyword: return "DIFF"; + case TokenKind::SDFDividerKeyword: return "DIVIDER"; + case TokenKind::SDFExceptionKeyword: return "EXCEPTION"; + case TokenKind::SDFHoldKeyword: return "HOLD"; + case TokenKind::SDFIOPathKeyword: return "IOPATH"; + case TokenKind::SDFIncrementKeyword: return "INCREMENT"; + case TokenKind::SDFInstanceKeyword: return "INSTANCE"; + case TokenKind::SDFInterconnectKeyword: return "INTERCONNECT"; + case TokenKind::SDFLabelKeyword: return "LABEL"; + case TokenKind::SDFNameKeyword: return "NAME"; + case TokenKind::SDFNetDelayKeyword: return "NETDELAY"; + case TokenKind::SDFNochangeKeyword: return "NOCHANGE"; + case TokenKind::SDFPathConstraintKeyword: return "PATHCONSTRAINT"; + case TokenKind::SDFPathPulseKeyword: return "PATHPULSE"; + case TokenKind::SDFPathPulsePercentKeyword: return "PATHPULSEPERCENT"; + case TokenKind::SDFPeriodKeyword: return "PERIOD"; + case TokenKind::SDFPeriodConstraintKeyword: return "PERIODCONSTRAINT"; + case TokenKind::SDFPortKeyword: return "PORT"; + case TokenKind::SDFProcessKeyword: return "PROCESS"; + case TokenKind::SDFProgramKeyword: return "PROGRAM"; + case TokenKind::SDFProgramVersionKeyword: return "VERSION"; + case TokenKind::SDFRecoveryKeyword: return "RECOVERY"; + case TokenKind::SDFRecremKeyword: return "RECREM"; + case TokenKind::SDFRemovalKeyword: return "REMOVAL"; + case TokenKind::SDFRetainKeyword: return "RETAIN"; + case TokenKind::SDFSCondKeyword: return "SCOND"; + case TokenKind::SDFSetupKeyword: return "SETUP"; + case TokenKind::SDFSetupHoldKeyword: return "SETUPHOLD"; + case TokenKind::SDFSkewKeyword: return "SKEW"; + case TokenKind::SDFSkewConstraintKeyword: return "SKEWCONSTRAINT"; + case TokenKind::SDFSlackKeyword: return "SLACK"; + case TokenKind::SDFSumKeyword: return "SUM"; + case TokenKind::SDFTemperatureKeyword: return "TEMPERATURE"; + case TokenKind::SDFTimescaleKeyword: return "TIMESCALE"; + case TokenKind::SDFTimingCheckKeyword: return "TIMINGCHECK"; + case TokenKind::SDFTimingEnvKeyword: return "TIMINGENV"; + case TokenKind::SDFVendorKeyword: return "VENDOR"; + case TokenKind::SDFVersionKeyword: return "SDFVERSION"; + case TokenKind::SDFVoltageKeyword: return "VOLTAGE"; + case TokenKind::SDFWaveformKeyword: return "WAVEFORM"; + case TokenKind::SDFWidthKeyword: return "WIDTH"; + + // SDF special tokens + case TokenKind::SDFEdgeIdent0Z: return "0Z"; + case TokenKind::SDFEdgeIdent1Z: return "1Z"; default: return ""; } } diff --git a/source/parsing/Parser_expressions.cpp b/source/parsing/Parser_expressions.cpp index 6a7759cb0..916a5ab0c 100644 --- a/source/parsing/Parser_expressions.cpp +++ b/source/parsing/Parser_expressions.cpp @@ -48,17 +48,20 @@ static bool isNewExpr(const ExpressionSyntax* expr) { } ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseSubExpression(bitmask options, int precedence) { + bool isSDFCondExpr = options.has(ExpressionOptions::SDFCondExpr); + bool isSDFTimingCheckExpr = options.has(ExpressionOptions::SDFTimingCheckCondExpr); + bool isSDFExpr = isSDFCondExpr || isSDFTimingCheckExpr; auto dg = setDepthGuard(); auto current = peek(); - if (isPossibleDelayOrEventControl(current.kind)) { + if (isPossibleDelayOrEventControl(current.kind) && !isSDFExpr) { auto timingControl = parseTimingControl(); SLANG_ASSERT(timingControl); auto& expr = factory.timingControlExpression(*timingControl, parseExpression()); return parsePostfixExpression(expr, options); } - else if (current.kind == TokenKind::TaggedKeyword) { + else if (current.kind == TokenKind::TaggedKeyword && !isSDFExpr) { auto tagged = consume(); auto member = expect(TokenKind::Identifier); @@ -74,14 +77,34 @@ ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseSubExpression(bitmask options, } ExpressionSyntax* leftOperand; - SyntaxKind opKind = getUnaryPrefixExpression(current.kind); + SyntaxKind opKind = (!isSDFExpr) ? getUnaryPrefixExpression(current.kind) + : getSDFUnaryPrefixExpression(current.kind); + if (opKind != SyntaxKind::Unknown) { - auto opToken = consume(); - auto attributes = parseAttributes(); + if (isSDFTimingCheckExpr && opKind != SyntaxKind::UnaryBitwiseNotExpression && + opKind != SyntaxKind::UnaryLogicalNotExpression) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFInvOp, current.range()); - auto& operand = parsePrimaryExpression(options); - auto& postfix = parsePostfixExpression(operand, options); - leftOperand = &factory.prefixUnaryExpression(opKind, opToken, attributes, postfix); + auto opToken = consume(); + AttrList attributes; + if (!isSDFExpr) + attributes = parseAttributes(); + + ExpressionSyntax* postfix = nullptr; + if (isSDFCondExpr) + postfix = &parseSDFPrimaryExpression(options); + else if (isSDFTimingCheckExpr) + return factory.prefixUnaryExpression( + opKind, opToken, attributes, parseSDFPostfixExpression(parseSDFHierIdentifier())); + else + postfix = &parsePostfixExpression(parsePrimaryExpression(options), options); + leftOperand = &factory.prefixUnaryExpression(opKind, opToken, attributes, *postfix); + } + else if (isSDFExpr) { + if (isSDFCondExpr) + leftOperand = &parseSDFPrimaryExpression(options); + else + leftOperand = &parseSDFPostfixExpression(parseSDFHierIdentifier()); } else { leftOperand = &parsePrimaryExpression(options); @@ -101,10 +124,33 @@ ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseSubExpression(bitmask options, ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseBinaryExpression(ExpressionSyntax* left, bitmask options, int precedence) { + bool isSDFCondExpr = options.has(ExpressionOptions::SDFCondExpr); + bool isSDFTimingCheckExpr = options.has(ExpressionOptions::SDFTimingCheckCondExpr); + Token current; while (true) { // either a binary operator, or we're done current = peek(); + + if (isSDFCondExpr) { + if (current.kind != TokenKind::Question) + return *left; + // Trying to parse only ternary operator + // according to SDF port conditional expression syntax + break; + } + + if (isSDFTimingCheckExpr) { + auto opKind = getSDFBinaryExpression(current.kind); + if (opKind == SyntaxKind::Unknown) + return *left; + + auto opToken = consume(); + AttrList attributes; + return factory.binaryExpression(opKind, *left, opToken, attributes, + parseSDFPostfixExpression(parseSDFHierIdentifier())); + } + auto opKind = getBinaryExpression(current.kind); if (opKind == SyntaxKind::Unknown) { break; @@ -182,8 +228,11 @@ ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseBinaryExpression(ExpressionSyntax* left, if (takeConditional) { Token question; - auto& predicate = parseConditionalPredicate(*left, TokenKind::Question, question); - auto attributes = parseAttributes(); + auto& predicate = parseConditionalPredicate(*left, TokenKind::Question, question, + /*isSDFCondPred =*/isSDFCondExpr); + AttrList attributes; + if (!isSDFCondExpr) + attributes = parseAttributes(); auto& lhs = parseSubExpression(options, logicalOrPrecedence - 1); auto colon = expect(TokenKind::Colon); auto& rhs = parseSubExpression(options, logicalOrPrecedence - 1); @@ -301,6 +350,70 @@ ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parsePrimaryExpression(bitmask opti } } +ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseSDFScalarConstant() { + // Valid SDF scalar syntax can be present in such forms: + // 0, b0, B0, 1 b0, 1 B0, 1, b1, B1, 1 b1, 1 B1 + + // Parse value + Token tok = peek(); + Token size; + if (tok.kind == TokenKind::IntegerLiteral) { + if (tok.valueText() != "0" && tok.valueText() != "1") + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFExprScalar, tok.range()); + size = consume(); + } + + static const std::set validBases = {"b", "B"}; + + // Parse base + tok = peek(); + Token base; + Token val; + // Assume that we lex an SDF syntax scalar constant base form which don't have an apostrophe. + if (tok.kind == TokenKind::IntegerBase && validBases.contains(tok.valueText())) { + base = consume(); + val = consume(); + } + + if (size.kind == TokenKind::Unknown && base.kind == TokenKind::Unknown) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFExprScalar, tok.range()); + + return factory.integerVectorExpression(size, base, val); +} + +ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseSDFPrimaryExpression(bitmask options) { + TokenKind kind = peek().kind; + switch (kind) { + case TokenKind::IntegerLiteral: + case TokenKind::IntegerBase: + return parseSDFScalarConstant(); + case TokenKind::OpenParenthesis: { + auto openParen = consume(); + auto* expr = &parseSubExpression(options, 0); + auto closeParen = expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis); + return factory.parenthesizedExpression(openParen, *expr, closeParen); + } + case TokenKind::OpenBrace: { + // Parse 2 types of concatentation expressions: + // 1. multiple concatenation {expr {concat}} + // 2. concatenation {expr, expr} + auto openBrace = consume(); + auto& first = parseSubExpression(options, 0); + if (!peek(TokenKind::OpenBrace)) + return parseConcatenation(openBrace, &first, /*isSDFCondExpr = */ true); + + auto openBraceInner = consume(); + auto& concat = parseConcatenation(openBraceInner, nullptr, + /*isSDFCondExpr = */ true); + auto closeBrace = expect(TokenKind::CloseBrace); + return factory.multipleConcatenationExpression(openBrace, first, concat, closeBrace); + } + default: + // Parse SDF qualified name + return parseSDFHierIdentifier(); + } +} + ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseIntegerExpression(bool disallowVector) { auto result = disallowVector ? numberParser.parseSimpleInt(*this) : numberParser.parseInteger(*this); @@ -362,8 +475,8 @@ ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseValueRangeElement(bitmask opti return factory.valueRangeExpression(openBracket, left, op, right, closeBracket); } -ConcatenationExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseConcatenation(Token openBrace, - ExpressionSyntax* first) { +ConcatenationExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseConcatenation(Token openBrace, ExpressionSyntax* first, + bool isSDFCondExpr) { SmallVector buffer; if (first) { // it's possible to have just one element in the concatenation list, so check for a close @@ -378,7 +491,11 @@ ConcatenationExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseConcatenation(Token openBrace, Token closeBrace; parseList( buffer, TokenKind::CloseBrace, TokenKind::Comma, closeBrace, RequireItems::False, - diag::ExpectedExpression, [this] { return &parseExpression(); }); + diag::ExpectedExpression, [this, isSDFCondExpr] { + if (!isSDFCondExpr) + return &parseExpression(); + return &parseSubExpression(ExpressionOptions::SDFCondExpr, 0); + }); return factory.concatenationExpression(openBrace, buffer.copy(alloc), closeBrace); } @@ -668,10 +785,52 @@ ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parsePostfixExpression(ExpressionSyntax& lhs, } } +ExpressionSyntax& Parser::parseSDFPostfixExpression(ExpressionSyntax& expr) { + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenBracket) { + auto openBracket = expect(TokenKind::OpenBracket); + auto* selector = &factory.bitSelect(factory.literalExpression( + SyntaxKind::IntegerLiteralExpression, expect(TokenKind::IntegerLiteral))); + auto closeBracket = expect(TokenKind::CloseBracket); + auto& elemSelect = factory.elementSelect(openBracket, selector, closeBracket); + return factory.elementSelectExpression(expr, elemSelect); + } + return expr; +} + NameSyntax& Parser::parseName() { return parseName(NameOptions::None); } +NameSyntax& Parser::parseSDFHierIdentifier() { + NameSyntax* name = &factory.identifierName(expect(TokenKind::Identifier)); + Token sep; + + while (true) { + auto curr = peek(); + if (curr.kind != TokenKind::Dot && curr.kind != TokenKind::Slash) + break; + + // Parse separator + curr = consume(); + if (sep.kind == TokenKind::Unknown) + sep = curr; + else if (curr.kind != sep.kind) + addDiag(diag::DifferentSDFNameSeperator, curr.range()) << sep.valueText(); + + // Parse name + curr = peek(); + if (curr.kind != TokenKind::Identifier) { + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFIdentifier, curr.range()); + break; + } + + NameSyntax& rhs = factory.identifierName(consume()); + name = &factory.scopedName(*name, sep, rhs); + } + + return *name; +} + NameSyntax& Parser::parseName(bitmask options) { NameSyntax* name = &parseNamePart(options | NameOptions::IsFirst); options &= ~NameOptions::ExpectingExpression; @@ -980,18 +1139,19 @@ StructurePatternMemberSyntax& Parser::parseMemberPattern() { } ConditionalPredicateSyntax& Parser::parseConditionalPredicate(ExpressionSyntax& first, - TokenKind endKind, Token& end) { + TokenKind endKind, Token& end, + bool isSDFCondPred) { SmallVector buffer; MatchesClauseSyntax* matchesClause = nullptr; - if (peek(TokenKind::MatchesKeyword)) { + if (!isSDFCondPred && peek(TokenKind::MatchesKeyword)) { auto matches = consume(); matchesClause = &factory.matchesClause(matches, parsePattern()); } buffer.push_back(&factory.conditionalPattern(first, matchesClause)); - if (peek(TokenKind::TripleAnd)) { + if (!isSDFCondPred && peek(TokenKind::TripleAnd)) { buffer.push_back(consume()); parseList( buffer, endKind, TokenKind::TripleAnd, end, RequireItems::True, diff --git a/source/parsing/Parser_members.cpp b/source/parsing/Parser_members.cpp index 0bf3257d7..9311260fd 100644 --- a/source/parsing/Parser_members.cpp +++ b/source/parsing/Parser_members.cpp @@ -41,6 +41,19 @@ LibraryMapSyntax& Parser::parseLibraryMap() { } } +SDFUnitSyntax& Parser::parseSDFUnit() { + SLANG_TRY { + auto members = parseMemberList( + TokenKind::EndOfFile, meta.eofToken, SyntaxKind::SDFUnit, + [this](SyntaxKind, bool&) { return parseSDFDelayFile(); }, /*memberLimit =*/1); + + return factory.sDFUnit(members, meta.eofToken); + } + SLANG_CATCH(const RecursionException&) { + return factory.sDFUnit(nullptr, meta.eofToken); + } +} + MemberSyntax& Parser::parseModule() { bool anyLocalModules = false; return parseModule(parseAttributes(), SyntaxKind::CompilationUnit, anyLocalModules); @@ -423,7 +436,8 @@ MemberSyntax* Parser::parseSingleMember(SyntaxKind parentKind) { template std::span Parser::parseMemberList(TokenKind endKind, Token& endToken, - SyntaxKind parentKind, TParseFunc&& parseFunc) { + SyntaxKind parentKind, TParseFunc&& parseFunc, + uint32_t memberLimit) { SmallVector members; bool errored = false; bool anyLocalModules = false; @@ -435,6 +449,13 @@ std::span Parser::parseMemberList(TokenKind endKind, Token& endToken, auto member = parseFunc(parentKind, anyLocalModules); if (member) { + // If memberLimit is set to 0 (which is default value) + // the number of members will not be checked. + if (memberLimit && memberLimit == members.size()) { + addDiag(diag::MemberLimitViolation, member->sourceRange().start()) << memberLimit; + continue; + } + checkMemberAllowed(*member, parentKind); members.push_back(member); errored = false; @@ -3894,6 +3915,934 @@ FilePathSpecSyntax& Parser::parseFilePathSpec() { return factory.filePathSpec(path); } +SDFTimescaleSyntax* Parser::parseSDFTimescale() { + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::OpenParenthesis || peek(1).kind != TokenKind::SDFTimescaleKeyword) + return nullptr; + + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = expect(TokenKind::SDFTimescaleKeyword); + + // Timescale number and unit can be parsed as two tokens (RealLiteral and Identifier) for + // example: "1 ns" and also as one (TimeLiteral) - 1ns. + static std::set validTimescaleNumbers{"1", "10", "100", "1.0", "10", "100.0"}; + auto number = peek(); + std::string_view realLitStr = number.valueText(); + if (number.kind == TokenKind::TimeLiteral) { + auto numberText = number.valueText(); + // Remove 's' suffix + realLitStr = numberText.substr(0, numberText.length() - 1); + // Remove remaining alpha suffix if it present + if (isalpha(realLitStr.back()) != 0) + realLitStr = numberText.substr(0, numberText.length() - 2); + } + + if (!validTimescaleNumbers.contains(realLitStr)) { + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFTimescaleUnit, number.range()); + return nullptr; + } + number = consume(); + + if (number.kind != TokenKind::TimeLiteral) { + static std::set validTimescaleUnits{"s", "ms", "us", "ns", "ps", "fs"}; + auto unit = peek(); + if (!validTimescaleUnits.contains(unit.valueText())) { + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFTimescaleUnit, number.range()); + return nullptr; + } + unit = consume(); + return &factory.sDFTimescale(openParen, keyword, + factory.literalExpression(SyntaxKind::RealLiteralExpression, + number), + unit, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); + } + + return &factory.sDFTimescale( + openParen, keyword, factory.literalExpression(SyntaxKind::TimeLiteralExpression, number), + Token(), expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFCharMemberSyntax* Parser::parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind keywordKind, bool weak) { + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::OpenParenthesis || (weak && peek(1).kind != keywordKind)) + return nullptr; + + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = expect(keywordKind); + + auto value = peek(); + if (keywordKind == TokenKind::SDFDividerKeyword) { + if (value.kind != TokenKind::Slash && value.kind != TokenKind::Dot) { + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFDivider, value.range()); + return nullptr; + } + } + else if (value.kind != TokenKind::StringLiteral) { + addDiag(diag::ExpectedStringLiteral, value.range()); + return nullptr; + } + value = consume(); + + return &factory.sDFCharMember(openParen, keyword, value, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFValueSyntax* Parser::parseSDFValue(const std::set& endKinds, bool withParens, + bool isSign) { + // Try to parse such value cases (where braces wrap optional tokens and min, typ, max may be + // signed or unsigned integers or real literals): + // - triple [`(`] [min] `:` [typ] `:` [max] [`)`] + // - single [`(`] [value] [`)`] + // Why the `parseMinTypMaxExpression` method is not used is that parsing this type of SDF + // expression is more difficult due to the fact that all values can be optional. + std::set expectedExprKinds{SyntaxKind::IntegerLiteralExpression, + SyntaxKind::RealLiteralExpression}; + if (isSign) + expectedExprKinds.insert(SyntaxKind::UnaryMinusExpression); + + ExpressionSyntax* min = nullptr; + ExpressionSyntax* typ = nullptr; + ExpressionSyntax* max = nullptr; + Token curr; + if (withParens) + curr = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + + uint32_t colonCount = 0; + while (true) { + curr = peek(); + if (endKinds.contains(curr.kind) || colonCount >= 2) + break; + + if (curr.kind != TokenKind::Colon && curr.kind != TokenKind::DoubleColon) { + if (min != nullptr) { + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFValueSep, curr.range()); + return &factory.sDFValue(min, typ, max); + } + } + else { + curr = consume(); + colonCount = (curr.kind == TokenKind::Colon) ? colonCount + 1 : colonCount + 2; + } + + if (endKinds.contains(peek().kind)) + break; + + auto* expr = &parseExpression(); + if (!expectedExprKinds.contains(expr->kind)) { + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFValueExpr, expr->sourceRange()); + return &factory.sDFValue(min, typ, max); + } + + switch (colonCount) { + case 0: + min = expr; + break; + case 1: + typ = expr; + break; + case 2: + max = expr; + break; + default: + break; + } + } + + // When colonCount is 0 then single scalar or no scalar is emitted instead of triple + if (colonCount != 0 && colonCount != 2) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFValueExpr, curr.range()); + + // Value propagation in case of single value + if (colonCount == 0 && min) + max = typ = min; + + if (withParens) + curr = expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis); + return &factory.sDFValue(min, typ, max); +} + +SDFDelayValueSyntax* Parser::parseSDFDelayValue() { + SmallVector values; + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) + return &factory.sDFDelayValue(values.copy(alloc)); + + auto lookahead = peek(1); + if (lookahead.kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) { + lookahead = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + lookahead = peek(); + if (lookahead.kind != TokenKind::CloseParenthesis) + values.push_back(parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, + /*isSign =*/true)); + lookahead = expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis); + } + else { + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + } + + return &factory.sDFDelayValue(values.copy(alloc)); +} + +std::span Parser::parseSDFDelayValueList(bool isRetain) { + SmallVector delayValues; + delayValues.push_back(parseSDFDelayValue()); + + while (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) + delayValues.push_back(parseSDFDelayValue()); + + if (isRetain && delayValues.size() > 3) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFDelayValuesList, peek().range()) << 3; + else if (delayValues.size() > 12) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFDelayValuesList, peek().range()) << 12; + return delayValues.copy(alloc); +} + +SDFValueMemberSyntax* Parser::parseSDFValueMember(TokenKind keywordKind) { + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::OpenParenthesis || (peek(1).kind != keywordKind)) + return nullptr; + + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + + auto* value = parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/false, + /*isSign =*/true); + return &factory.sDFValueMember(openParen, keyword, *value, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFHeaderSyntax& Parser::parseSDFHeader() { + auto* version = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFVersionKeyword, /*weak =*/false); + auto* design = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFDesignKeyword); + auto* date = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFDateKeyword); + auto* vendor = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFVendorKeyword); + auto* programName = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFProgramKeyword); + auto* programVersion = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFProgramVersionKeyword); + auto* divider = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFDividerKeyword); + SDFValueMemberSyntax* voltage = parseSDFValueMember(TokenKind::SDFVoltageKeyword); + auto* process = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFProcessKeyword); + SDFValueMemberSyntax* temperature = parseSDFValueMember(TokenKind::SDFTemperatureKeyword); + SDFTimescaleSyntax* timescale = parseSDFTimescale(); + return factory.sDFHeader(version, design, date, vendor, programName, programVersion, divider, + voltage, process, temperature, timescale); +} + +SDFNameSyntax* Parser::parseSDFName() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = expect(TokenKind::SDFNameKeyword); + LiteralExpressionSyntax* name = nullptr; + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::StringLiteral) + name = &factory.literalExpression(SyntaxKind::StringLiteralExpression, consume()); + return &factory.sDFName(openParen, keyword, name, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFPortSpecSyntax* Parser::parseSDFPortSpec() { + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) + return parseSDFPortEdge(); + return parseSDFPort(); +} + +SDFPortSyntax* Parser::parseSDFPort() { + NameSyntax& name = parseSDFHierIdentifier(); + auto lookahead = peek(); + if (lookahead.kind == TokenKind::OpenBracket) { + SelectorSyntax* selector = nullptr; + auto openBracket = consume(); + auto& lhs = factory.literalExpression(SyntaxKind::IntegerLiteralExpression, + expect(TokenKind::IntegerLiteral)); + auto colon = peek(); + if (colon.kind == TokenKind::Colon) { + colon = consume(); + auto& rhs = factory.literalExpression(SyntaxKind::IntegerLiteralExpression, + expect(TokenKind::IntegerLiteral)); + selector = &factory.rangeSelect(SyntaxKind::SimpleRangeSelect, lhs, colon, rhs); + } + else { + selector = &factory.bitSelect(lhs); + } + + auto closeBracket = expect(TokenKind::CloseBracket); + auto& elemSelect = factory.elementSelect(openBracket, selector, closeBracket); + return &factory.sDFPort(factory.elementSelectExpression(name, elemSelect)); + } + + return &factory.sDFPort(name); +} + +SDFPortEdgeSyntax* Parser::parseSDFPortEdge() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + // posedge and negedge are not specified as keywords in IEEE 1497-2001 SDF standard + static const std::set validTokenText{"posedge", "negedge", "01", + "10", "0z", "1z"}; + bool isError = false; + auto edge = consume(); + switch (edge.kind) { + case TokenKind::SDFEdgeIdent0Z: + case TokenKind::SDFEdgeIdent1Z: + break; + case TokenKind::IntegerLiteral: + case TokenKind::Identifier: { + if (!validTokenText.contains(edge.valueText())) + isError = true; + break; + } + default: + isError = true; + break; + } + + if (isError) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFPortEdgeIdentifier, edge.range()); + + auto* port = parseSDFPort(); + return &factory.sDFPortEdge(openParen, edge, *port, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFCellInstanceSyntax* Parser::parseSDFCellInstance() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = expect(TokenKind::SDFInstanceKeyword); + NameSyntax* name = nullptr; + auto lookahead = peek(); + switch (lookahead.kind) { + case TokenKind::Star: + name = &factory.identifierName(consume()); + break; + case TokenKind::Identifier: + name = &parseSDFHierIdentifier(); + break; + default: { + if (lookahead.kind != TokenKind::CloseParenthesis) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFCellInstanceIdentifier, lookahead.range()); + + name = &factory.identifierName(Token()); + break; + } + } + + auto closeParen = expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis); + return &factory.sDFCellInstance(openParen, keyword, *name, closeParen); +} + +SDFExceptionSyntax* Parser::parseSDFException() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = expect(TokenKind::SDFExceptionKeyword); + SmallVector instances; + while (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) + instances.push_back(parseSDFCellInstance()); + + if (instances.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "cell instance"sv; + return &factory.sDFException(openParen, keyword, instances.copy(alloc), + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFPathPulseSyntax* Parser::parseSDFPathPulse() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SDFPortSyntax* in = nullptr; + SDFPortSyntax* out = nullptr; + // Parse input and output port identifiers + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::Identifier) { + in = parseSDFPort(); + out = parseSDFPort(); + } + + SmallVector values; + values.push_back(parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, + /*isSign =*/false)); + + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::CloseParenthesis) + values.push_back(parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, + /*isSign =*/false)); + + auto closeParen = expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis); + return &factory.sDFPathPulse(openParen, keyword, in, out, values.copy(alloc), closeParen); +} + +SDFRetainSyntax* Parser::parseSDFRetain() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto values = parseSDFDelayValueList(/*isRetain =*/true); + auto closeParen = expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis); + return &factory.sDFRetain(openParen, keyword, values, closeParen); +} + +SDFIOPathSyntax* Parser::parseSDFIOPath() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SmallVector ports; + ports.push_back(parseSDFPortSpec()); + ports.push_back(parseSDFPort()); + SDFRetainSyntax* retain = nullptr; + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && peek(1).kind == TokenKind::SDFRetainKeyword) + retain = parseSDFRetain(); + auto values = parseSDFDelayValueList(); + auto closeParen = expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis); + return &factory.sDFIOPath(openParen, keyword, ports.copy(alloc), retain, values, closeParen); +} + +SDFCondSyntax* Parser::parseSDFCond() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + LiteralExpressionSyntax* name = nullptr; + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::StringLiteral) + name = &factory.literalExpression(SyntaxKind::StringLiteralExpression, consume()); + auto* condition = &parseSubExpression(ExpressionOptions::SDFCondExpr, 0); + auto* iOPath = parseSDFIOPath(); + return &factory.sDFCond(openParen, keyword, name, *condition, *iOPath, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFCondElseSyntax* Parser::parseSDFCondElse() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto* iOPath = parseSDFIOPath(); + return &factory.sDFCondElse(openParen, keyword, *iOPath, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFPortDelayDefSyntax* Parser::parseSDFPortDelayDef() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto* port = parseSDFPort(); + auto values = parseSDFDelayValueList(); + return &factory.sDFPortDelayDef(openParen, keyword, *port, values, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFInterconnectSyntax* Parser::parseSDFInterconnect() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SmallVector ports; + ports.push_back(parseSDFPort()); + ports.push_back(parseSDFPort()); + auto values = parseSDFDelayValueList(); + return &factory.sDFInterconnect(openParen, keyword, ports.copy(alloc), values, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFNetDelaySyntax* Parser::parseSDFNetDelay() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto* net = parseSDFPort(); + auto values = parseSDFDelayValueList(); + return &factory.sDFNetDelay(openParen, keyword, *net, values, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFDeviceSyntax* Parser::parseSDFDevice() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SDFPortSyntax* port = nullptr; + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) + port = parseSDFPort(); + auto values = parseSDFDelayValueList(); + return &factory.sDFDevice(openParen, keyword, port, values, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFAbsIncDelayTypeSyntax* Parser::parseSDFAbsIncDelayType() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SmallVector defs; + bool next = true; + while (next && peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) { + switch (peek(1).kind) { + case TokenKind::SDFIOPathKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFIOPath()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFCondKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFCond()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFCondElseKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFCondElse()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFPortKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFPortDelayDef()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFInterconnectKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFInterconnect()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFNetDelayKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFNetDelay()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFDeviceKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFDevice()); + break; + default: + next = false; + break; + } + } + + if (defs.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "delay definition"sv; + return &factory.sDFAbsIncDelayType(openParen, keyword, defs.copy(alloc), + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +std::span Parser::parseSDFDelayTypes() { + SmallVector types; + bool next = true; + while (next && peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) { + auto lookahead = peek(1); + switch (lookahead.kind) { + case TokenKind::SDFPathPulseKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFPathPulsePercentKeyword: + types.push_back(parseSDFPathPulse()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFAbsoluteKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFIncrementKeyword: + types.push_back(parseSDFAbsIncDelayType()); + break; + default: + next = false; + break; + } + } + return types.copy(alloc); +} + +SDFDelaySpecSyntax* Parser::parseSDFDelaySpec() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto types = parseSDFDelayTypes(); + if (types.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "delay type"sv; + return &factory.sDFDelaySpec(openParen, keyword, types, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFPathConstraintSyntax* Parser::parseSDFPathConstraint() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SDFNameSyntax* name = nullptr; + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) + name = parseSDFName(); + + SmallVector ports; + while (peek().kind == TokenKind::Identifier) + ports.push_back(parseSDFPort()); + + if (ports.size() < 2) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFPathCnsPortNum, peek().range()); + + SmallVector values; + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + return &factory.sDFPathConstraint(openParen, keyword, name, ports.copy(alloc), + values.copy(alloc), expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFPeriodConstraintSyntax* Parser::parseSDFPeriodConstraint() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto* port = parseSDFPort(); + auto* value = parseSDFValue({TokenKind::OpenParenthesis, TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, + /*withParens =*/true, + /*isSign =*/false); + auto* exception = parseSDFException(); + return &factory.sDFPeriodConstraint(openParen, keyword, *port, *value, exception, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFConstraintPathSyntax* Parser::parseSDFConstraintPath() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + SmallVector ports; + ports.push_back(parseSDFPort()); + ports.push_back(parseSDFPort()); + return &factory.sDFConstraintPath(openParen, ports.copy(alloc), + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFSumDiffConstraintSyntax* Parser::parseSDFSumDiffConstraint(bool isDiff) { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SmallVector pathes; + while (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && peek(1).kind == TokenKind::Identifier && + !(isDiff && pathes.size() == 2)) + pathes.push_back(parseSDFConstraintPath()); + + if (pathes.size() < 2) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFSumDiffCnsPathesNum, peek().range()); + + SmallVector values; + bool isSign = !isDiff; + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/isSign)); + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::CloseParenthesis) + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/isSign)); + return &factory.sDFSumDiffConstraint(openParen, keyword, pathes.copy(alloc), values.copy(alloc), + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFSkewConstraintSyntax* Parser::parseSDFSkewConstraint() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto* portSpec = parseSDFPortSpec(); + auto* value = parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, + /*isSign =*/false); + return &factory.sDFSkewConstraint(openParen, keyword, *portSpec, *value, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFTimingEnvConstructSyntax* Parser::parseSDFTimingEnvConstruct(bool isSlack) { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SDFPortEdgeSyntax* edge = nullptr; + if (!isSlack && peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) + edge = parseSDFPortEdge(); + auto* port = parseSDFPort(); + SmallVector values; + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/true)); + ExpressionSyntax* period = nullptr; + if (isSlack && peek().kind != TokenKind::CloseParenthesis) { + period = &parseExpression(); + if (period->kind != SyntaxKind::RealLiteralExpression && + period->kind != SyntaxKind::IntegerLiteralExpression) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedRealLiteralExpression, period->sourceRange()); + } + return &factory.sDFTimingEnvConstruct(openParen, keyword, edge, *port, values.copy(alloc), + period, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFEdgeSyntax* Parser::parseSDFEdge() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto edge = peek(); + auto edgeText = edge.valueText(); + if (edgeText != "posedge" && edgeText != "negedge") + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFEdgeSpec, edge.range()); + else + edge = consume(); + + static const std::set expectedExprKinds{SyntaxKind::IntegerLiteralExpression, + SyntaxKind::RealLiteralExpression, + SyntaxKind::UnaryMinusExpression}; + SmallVector values; + auto* expr = &parseExpression(); + if (!expectedExprKinds.contains(expr->kind)) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFValueExpr, expr->sourceRange()); + values.push_back(expr); + + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::CloseParenthesis) { + expr = &parseExpression(); + if (!expectedExprKinds.contains(expr->kind)) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFValueExpr, expr->sourceRange()); + values.push_back(expr); + } + return &factory.sDFEdge(openParen, edge, values.copy(alloc), + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFEdgePairSyntax* Parser::parseSDFEdgePair() { + SmallVector pair; + pair.push_back(parseSDFEdge()); + pair.push_back(parseSDFEdge()); + if (pair[0]->edge.valueText() == pair[1]->edge.valueText()) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFEdgePair, pair[1]->edge.range()) + << ((pair[1]->edge.valueText() == "posedge") ? "negedge"sv : "posedge"sv); + return &factory.sDFEdgePair(pair.copy(alloc)); +} + +SDFWaveformSyntax* Parser::parseSDFWaveform() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto* port = parseSDFPort(); + auto* period = &parseExpression(); + if (period->kind != SyntaxKind::RealLiteralExpression && + period->kind != SyntaxKind::IntegerLiteralExpression) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedRealLiteralExpression, period->sourceRange()); + + SmallVector edgeList; + while (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) + edgeList.push_back(parseSDFEdgePair()); + + if (edgeList.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "edge pair"sv; + + const auto* first = *edgeList.begin(); + for (const auto* pair : edgeList) { + if (pair == first) + continue; + + const auto edge = pair->edges[0]->edge; + if (edge.valueText() != first->edges[0]->edge.valueText()) + addDiag(diag::InvalidSDFEdgePair, edge.range()) + << ((edge.valueText() == "posedge") ? "negedge"sv : "posedge"sv); + } + + return &factory.sDFWaveform(openParen, keyword, *port, *period, edgeList.copy(alloc), + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +std::span Parser::parseSDFTimingEnvDefs() { + SmallVector defs; + bool next = true; + while (next && peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) { + auto lookahead = peek(1); + switch (lookahead.kind) { + case TokenKind::SDFPathConstraintKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFPathConstraint()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFPeriodConstraintKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFPeriodConstraint()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFSumKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFSumDiffConstraint()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFDiffKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFSumDiffConstraint(/*isDiff =*/true)); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFSkewConstraintKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFSkewConstraint()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFArrivalKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFDepartureKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFTimingEnvConstruct()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFSlackKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFTimingEnvConstruct(/*isSlack =*/true)); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFWaveformKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFWaveform()); + break; + default: + next = false; + break; + } + } + return defs.copy(alloc); +} + +SDFPortTimingCheckSyntax* Parser::parseSDFPortTimingCheck() { + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && peek(1).kind == TokenKind::SDFCondKeyword) + return parseSDFTimingCheckCondition(TokenKind::SDFCondKeyword); + return parseSDFPortSpec(); +} + +SDFTimingCheckConditionSyntax* Parser::parseSDFTimingCheckCondition(TokenKind keywordKind) { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = expect(keywordKind); + LiteralExpressionSyntax* name = nullptr; + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::StringLiteral) + name = &factory.literalExpression(SyntaxKind::StringLiteralExpression, consume()); + auto* condition = &parseSubExpression(ExpressionOptions::SDFTimingCheckCondExpr, 0); + SDFPortSpecSyntax* portSpec = nullptr; + if (peek().kind != TokenKind::CloseParenthesis) + portSpec = parseSDFPortSpec(); + return &factory.sDFTimingCheckCondition(openParen, keyword, name, *condition, portSpec, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFTimingCheckDefSyntax* Parser::parseSDFTimingCheckDef(bool hasTwoPorts, bool hasTwoValues, + bool isSign, bool hasConds) { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SmallVector ports; + bool hasPortConds = false; + if (hasConds) { + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && peek(1).kind == TokenKind::SDFCondKeyword) + hasPortConds = true; + ports.push_back(parseSDFPortTimingCheck()); + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && peek(1).kind == TokenKind::SDFCondKeyword) + hasPortConds = true; + ports.push_back(parseSDFPortTimingCheck()); + } + else { + ports.push_back(parseSDFPortSpec()); + if (hasTwoPorts) + ports.push_back(parseSDFPortSpec()); + } + + SmallVector values; + values.push_back( + parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, /*isSign =*/isSign)); + if (hasTwoValues) + values.push_back(parseSDFValue({TokenKind::CloseParenthesis}, /*withParens =*/true, + /*isSign =*/isSign)); + SmallVector conditions; + if (hasConds && !hasPortConds) { + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && peek(1).kind == TokenKind::SDFSCondKeyword) + conditions.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheckCondition(TokenKind::SDFSCondKeyword)); + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && peek(1).kind == TokenKind::SDFCCondKeyword) + conditions.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheckCondition(TokenKind::SDFCCondKeyword)); + } + return &factory.sDFTimingCheckDef(openParen, keyword, ports.copy(alloc), values.copy(alloc), + conditions.copy(alloc), expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +std::span Parser::parseSDFTimingCheckDefs() { + SmallVector defs; + bool next = true; + while (next && peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) { + auto lookahead = peek(1); + switch (lookahead.kind) { + case TokenKind::SDFSetupKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFHoldKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFRecoveryKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFRemovalKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheckDef(/*hasTwoPorts =*/true, + /*hasTwoValues =*/false, /*isSign =*/false)); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFSetupHoldKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFRecremKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheckDef(/*hasTwoPorts =*/true, /*hasTwoValues =*/true, + /*isSign =*/true, /*hasConds =*/true)); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFSkewKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheckDef(/*hasTwoPorts =*/true, + /*hasTwoValues =*/false, /*isSign =*/true)); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFBidirectSkewKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheckDef(/*hasTwoPorts =*/true, /*hasTwoValues =*/true, + /*isSign =*/false)); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFWidthKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFPeriodKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheckDef(/*hasTwoPorts =*/false, + /*hasTwoValues =*/false, /*isSign =*/false)); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFNochangeKeyword: + defs.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheckDef(/*hasTwoPorts =*/true, /*hasTwoValues =*/true, + /*isSign =*/true)); + break; + default: + next = false; + break; + } + } + return defs.copy(alloc); +} + +SDFTimingCheckSyntax* Parser::parseSDFTimingCheck() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto defs = parseSDFTimingCheckDefs(); + if (defs.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "timing check definition"sv; + return &factory.sDFTimingCheck(openParen, keyword, defs, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFTimingEnvSyntax* Parser::parseSDFTimingEnv() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto defs = parseSDFTimingEnvDefs(); + if (defs.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "timing environment definition"sv; + return &factory.sDFTimingEnv(openParen, keyword, defs, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFLabelDefSyntax* Parser::parseSDFLabelDef() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto* identifier = &factory.identifierName(expect(TokenKind::Identifier)); + auto values = parseSDFDelayValueList(); + return &factory.sDFLabelDef(openParen, *identifier, values, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +SDFLabelTypeSyntax* Parser::parseSDFLabelType() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + SmallVector defs; + while (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) { + defs.push_back(parseSDFLabelDef()); + } + + if (defs.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "label definition"sv; + return &factory.sDFLabelType(openParen, keyword, defs.copy(alloc), + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +std::span Parser::parseSDFLabelTypes() { + SmallVector types; + bool next = true; + while (next && peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) { + auto lookahead = peek(1); + switch (lookahead.kind) { + case TokenKind::SDFAbsoluteKeyword: + case TokenKind::SDFIncrementKeyword: + types.push_back(parseSDFLabelType()); + break; + default: + next = false; + break; + } + } + return types.copy(alloc); +} + +SDFLabelSyntax* Parser::parseSDFLabel() { + auto openParen = expect(TokenKind::OpenParenthesis); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto types = parseSDFLabelTypes(); + if (types.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "label type"sv; + return &factory.sDFLabel(openParen, keyword, types, expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); +} + +std::span Parser::parseSDFTimingSpecs() { + SmallVector timingSpecs; + bool next = true; + while (next && peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis) { + auto lookahead = peek(1); + switch (lookahead.kind) { + case TokenKind::SDFDelayKeyword: + timingSpecs.push_back(parseSDFDelaySpec()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFTimingCheckKeyword: + timingSpecs.push_back(parseSDFTimingCheck()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFTimingEnvKeyword: + timingSpecs.push_back(parseSDFTimingEnv()); + break; + case TokenKind::SDFLabelKeyword: + timingSpecs.push_back(parseSDFLabel()); + break; + default: + next = false; + break; + } + } + return timingSpecs.copy(alloc); +} + +std::span Parser::parseSDFCells() { + SmallVector cells; + while (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && peek(1).kind == TokenKind::SDFCellKeyword) { + auto openParen = consume(); + auto keyword = consume(); + auto* type = parseSDFCharMember(TokenKind::SDFCellTypeKeyword, /*weak =*/false); + auto* instance = parseSDFCellInstance(); + auto timingSpecs = parseSDFTimingSpecs(); + cells.push_back(&factory.sDFCell(openParen, keyword, *type, *instance, timingSpecs, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis))); + } + return cells.copy(alloc); +} + +SDFDelayFileSyntax* Parser::parseSDFDelayFile() { + if (peek().kind == TokenKind::OpenParenthesis && + peek(1).kind == TokenKind::SDFDelayFileKeyword) { + auto openParen = consume(); + auto keyword = consume(); + SDFHeaderSyntax& header = parseSDFHeader(); + auto cells = parseSDFCells(); + if (cells.empty()) + addDiag(diag::ExpectedSDFMember, peek().range()) << "cell"sv; + return &factory.sDFDelayFile(nullptr, openParen, keyword, header, cells, + expect(TokenKind::CloseParenthesis)); + } + return nullptr; +} + void Parser::checkMemberAllowed(const SyntaxNode& member, SyntaxKind parentKind) { // If this is an empty member with a missing semicolon, it was some kind // of error that has already been reported so don't pile on here. @@ -3968,6 +4917,7 @@ void Parser::checkMemberAllowed(const SyntaxNode& member, SyntaxKind parentKind) case SyntaxKind::ClockingDeclaration: case SyntaxKind::SpecifyBlock: case SyntaxKind::LibraryMap: + case SyntaxKind::SDFUnit: return; default: SLANG_UNREACHABLE; diff --git a/source/syntax/SyntaxFacts.cpp b/source/syntax/SyntaxFacts.cpp index 1c36e637d..99deb1fe0 100644 --- a/source/syntax/SyntaxFacts.cpp +++ b/source/syntax/SyntaxFacts.cpp @@ -42,6 +42,26 @@ SyntaxKind SyntaxFacts::getUnaryPrefixExpression(TokenKind kind) { } } +// clang-format off +SyntaxKind SyntaxFacts::getSDFUnaryPrefixExpression(TokenKind kind) { + switch (kind) { + case TokenKind::Plus: return SyntaxKind::UnaryPlusExpression; + case TokenKind::Minus: return SyntaxKind::UnaryMinusExpression; + case TokenKind::And: return SyntaxKind::UnaryBitwiseAndExpression; + case TokenKind::TildeAnd: return SyntaxKind::UnaryBitwiseNandExpression; + case TokenKind::Or: return SyntaxKind::UnaryBitwiseOrExpression; + case TokenKind::TildeOr: return SyntaxKind::UnaryBitwiseNorExpression; + case TokenKind::Xor: return SyntaxKind::UnaryBitwiseXorExpression; + case TokenKind::XorTilde: + case TokenKind::TildeXor: + return SyntaxKind::UnaryBitwiseXnorExpression; + case TokenKind::Tilde: return SyntaxKind::UnaryBitwiseNotExpression; + case TokenKind::Exclamation: return SyntaxKind::UnaryLogicalNotExpression; + default: + return SyntaxKind::Unknown; + } +} + SyntaxKind SyntaxFacts::getUnaryPostfixExpression(TokenKind kind) { switch (kind) { case TokenKind::DoublePlus: return SyntaxKind::PostincrementExpression; @@ -63,6 +83,34 @@ SyntaxKind SyntaxFacts::getLiteralExpression(TokenKind kind) { } } +SyntaxKind SyntaxFacts::getSDFBinaryExpression(TokenKind kind) { + switch (kind) { + case TokenKind::Plus: return SyntaxKind::AddExpression; + case TokenKind::Minus: return SyntaxKind::SubtractExpression; + case TokenKind::Star: return SyntaxKind::MultiplyExpression; + case TokenKind::Slash: return SyntaxKind::DivideExpression; + case TokenKind::Percent: return SyntaxKind::ModExpression; + case TokenKind::DoubleEquals: return SyntaxKind::EqualityExpression; + case TokenKind::ExclamationEquals: return SyntaxKind::InequalityExpression; + case TokenKind::TripleEquals: return SyntaxKind::CaseEqualityExpression; + case TokenKind::ExclamationDoubleEquals: return SyntaxKind::CaseInequalityExpression; + case TokenKind::DoubleAnd: return SyntaxKind::LogicalAndExpression; + case TokenKind::DoubleOr: return SyntaxKind::LogicalOrExpression; + case TokenKind::LessThan: return SyntaxKind::LessThanExpression; + case TokenKind::LessThanEquals: return SyntaxKind::LessThanEqualExpression; + case TokenKind::GreaterThan: return SyntaxKind::GreaterThanExpression; + case TokenKind::GreaterThanEquals: return SyntaxKind::GreaterThanEqualExpression; + case TokenKind::And: return SyntaxKind::BinaryAndExpression; + case TokenKind::Or: return SyntaxKind::BinaryOrExpression; + case TokenKind::Xor: return SyntaxKind::BinaryXorExpression; + case TokenKind::XorTilde: return SyntaxKind::BinaryXnorExpression; + case TokenKind::TildeXor: return SyntaxKind::BinaryXnorExpression; + case TokenKind::RightShift: return SyntaxKind::LogicalShiftRightExpression; + case TokenKind::LeftShift: return SyntaxKind::LogicalShiftLeftExpression; + default: return SyntaxKind::Unknown; + } +} + SyntaxKind SyntaxFacts::getBinaryExpression(TokenKind kind) { switch (kind) { case TokenKind::Plus: return SyntaxKind::AddExpression; diff --git a/source/syntax/SyntaxTree.cpp b/source/syntax/SyntaxTree.cpp index 06707b911..a64a97b46 100644 --- a/source/syntax/SyntaxTree.cpp +++ b/source/syntax/SyntaxTree.cpp @@ -216,4 +216,44 @@ std::shared_ptr SyntaxTree::fromLibraryMapBuffer(const SourceBuffer& parser.getMetadata(), preprocessor.getDefinedMacros(), options)); } +std::shared_ptr SyntaxTree::fromSDFFile(std::string_view path, + SourceManager& sourceManager, + const Bag& options) { + auto buffer = sourceManager.readSource(path, /* library */ nullptr); + if (!buffer) + return nullptr; + + return fromSDFBuffer(*buffer, sourceManager, options); +} + +std::shared_ptr SyntaxTree::fromSDFText(std::string_view text, + SourceManager& sourceManager, + std::string_view name, std::string_view path, + const Bag& options) { + SourceBuffer buffer = sourceManager.assignText(path, text); + if (!buffer) + return nullptr; + + if (!name.empty()) + sourceManager.addLineDirective(SourceLocation(buffer.id, 0), 2, name, 0); + + return fromSDFBuffer(buffer, sourceManager, options); +} + +std::shared_ptr SyntaxTree::fromSDFBuffer(const SourceBuffer& buffer, + SourceManager& sourceManager, + const Bag& options) { + BumpAllocator alloc; + Diagnostics diagnostics; + Preprocessor preprocessor(sourceManager, alloc, diagnostics, options); + preprocessor.pushSource(buffer); + + Parser parser(preprocessor, options); + auto& root = parser.parseSDFUnit(); + + return std::shared_ptr( + new SyntaxTree(&root, nullptr, sourceManager, std::move(alloc), std::move(diagnostics), + parser.getMetadata(), preprocessor.getDefinedMacros(), options)); +} + } // namespace slang::syntax diff --git a/tests/unittests/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/unittests/CMakeLists.txt index 2f3b8d1f2..838c6ab1f 100644 --- a/tests/unittests/CMakeLists.txt +++ b/tests/unittests/CMakeLists.txt @@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ add_executable( parsing/PreprocessorTests.cpp parsing/VisitorTests.cpp parsing/StatementParsingTests.cpp + parsing/SDFParsingTests.cpp util/CommandLineTests.cpp util/IntervalMapTests.cpp util/NumericTests.cpp diff --git a/tests/unittests/Test.cpp b/tests/unittests/Test.cpp index 7f2a86fd0..234dbaf57 100644 --- a/tests/unittests/Test.cpp +++ b/tests/unittests/Test.cpp @@ -176,6 +176,17 @@ const CompilationUnitSyntax& parseCompilationUnit(const std::string& text, return parser.parseCompilationUnit(); } +const SDFUnitSyntax& parseSDFUnit(const std::string& text) { + diagnostics.clear(); + + auto options = optionsFor(LanguageVersion::v1497_2001); + Preprocessor preprocessor(getSourceManager(), alloc, diagnostics, options); + preprocessor.pushSource(text); + + Parser parser(preprocessor, options); + return parser.parseSDFUnit(); +} + const InstanceSymbol& evalModule(std::shared_ptr syntax, Compilation& compilation) { compilation.addSyntaxTree(syntax); const RootSymbol& root = compilation.getRoot(); diff --git a/tests/unittests/Test.h b/tests/unittests/Test.h index 549d4f962..9d0ef2349 100644 --- a/tests/unittests/Test.h +++ b/tests/unittests/Test.h @@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ const StatementSyntax& parseStatement(const std::string& text); const ExpressionSyntax& parseExpression(const std::string& text); const CompilationUnitSyntax& parseCompilationUnit( const std::string& text, LanguageVersion languageVersion = LanguageVersion::v1800_2017); +const SDFUnitSyntax& parseSDFUnit(const std::string& text); const InstanceSymbol& evalModule(std::shared_ptr syntax, Compilation& compilation); class LogicExactlyEqualMatcher : public Catch::Matchers::MatcherGenericBase { diff --git a/tests/unittests/parsing/SDFParsingTests.cpp b/tests/unittests/parsing/SDFParsingTests.cpp new file mode 100644 index 000000000..007898c1c --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/unittests/parsing/SDFParsingTests.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,549 @@ +// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Michael Popoloski +// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT + +#include "Test.h" + +#include "slang/diagnostics/ParserDiags.h" +#include "slang/parsing/Parser.h" +#include "slang/parsing/Preprocessor.h" + +TEST_CASE("SDF file correct (unformatted and with comments") { + auto& text = R"( +(DELAYFILE + (SDFVERSION "3.0") + (DESIGN "mux") + (DATE "Fri Apr 19 09:40:01 2019") + (VENDOR "Xilinx") + (PROGRAM "Xilinx SDF Writer") + (VERSION "P.20131013") + (DIVIDER /) + //(VOLTAGE 1.800::1.800) + (VOLTAGE 1:-1.0e-10:-1.2) + (PROCESS "1.000::1.000") + (TEMPERATURE 25.000::25.000) + (TIMESCALE 100.0 ps) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_BUF") + //(INSTANCE aa/aa.das/a) + (INSTANCE aa/aa/das/a) + (DELAY (PATHPULSE a y (13) (24)) + (PATHPULSE b y (15) (21)) + (PATHPULSEPERCENT a y (13) (24)) + (PATHPULSEPERCENT b y (15) (21)) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_BUF") + (INSTANCE a27_IBUF) + // (DELAY) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_BUF") + (INSTANCE a27_IBUF) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (IOPATH (posedge I) O/sadas/df (RETAIN (4:5:7) (5:6:9) (3)) ( 1500 )( 1500 )) + (COND ~a (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + (COND aa/b/b/n /*? {fsafas} : {fdsafas}*/ (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + (COND 0 (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + (COND B2 (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + (COND B0 (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + (COND 1 B0 (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + (COND aa/b/b/n ? {(sdsadsasdas) ? {fsafas, fasfas, 1 B0} : fdsafas} : {asds, asdsa} (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + //(COND aa/b/b/n ? {sdsadsasdas ? {fsafas[2], fasfas, 1 B0} : fdsafas} : {asds, asdsa} (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + //(COND aa/b/b/n ? {sdsadsa + sdas ? {fsafas, fasfas, 2b1} : fdsafas} : {asds, asdsa} (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + //(COND "asadas" ~a/a/a/a/a[2:3] (IOPATH b y (0.37) (0.45) ) ) + ) + ) + (TIMINGCHECK( + SETUP din (posedge clk) (3:4:5.5)) + (HOLD din (posedge clk) (4:5.5:7)) + (SETUPHOLD (COND reset din) (posedge clk) (12) (9.5)) + (SETUPHOLD (COND ~reset din) (posedge clk) (12) (9.5)) + //(SETUPHOLD (COND +reset din) (posedge clk) (12) (9.5)) + //(SETUPHOLD (COND (reset) din) (posedge clk) (12) (9.5)) + //(SETUPHOLD (COND reset[2] din) (posedge clk) (12) (9.5)) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset)) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset -> reset)) + (SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset == reset)) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (COND reset == reset)) + (SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (CCOND reset == reset)) + (SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset[4] == reset)) + (SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset == reset[4])) + (SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset[3] == reset[4])) + (SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset[4] == reset[4])) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset[4] == reset[4:3])) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset == reset[+4])) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset == reset[-4])) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset == reset[+4])) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND reset == !reset)) + //(SETUPHOLD (posedge clk) (negedge clk1) (12) (9.5) (SCOND !reset == reset)) +(SETUPHOLD din (posedge clk) (12) (9.5) (CCOND ~reset)) +(RECOVERY (posedge clearbar) (posedge clk) (11.5)) +(REMOVAL (posedge clearbar) (posedge clk) (6.3)) +(REMOVAL (posedge clearbar) (posedge clk) (6.3)) +(SKEW (posedge clk1) (posedge clk2) (6)) +(BIDIRECTSKEW (posedge clk1) (posedge clk2) (6) (7)) +(WIDTH (posedge clk) (30)) +(WIDTH (negedge clk) (16.5)) +(PERIOD (posedge clk) (46.5)) +(NOCHANGE (negedge write) addr (4.5) (3.5)) + ) + (LABEL + (ABSOLUTE + (TCLK_Q (7.54:12.14:19.78) (6.97:13.66:18.47)) + (TCLK_QB (8.16:13.74:20.25) (7.63:14.83:21.42)) + (TSETUP_D_CLK (3:4:5.6)) + (THOLD_D_CLK (4:5.6:7)) + )) + (TIMINGENV + (PATHCONSTRAINT I2/H01 I1/N01 (989:1269:1269) (989:1269:1269) ) + //(PATHCONSTRAINT I2/H01 /*I3.N01*/ (904:1087:1087) (904:1087:1087) ) + ) + (TIMINGENV + (PATHCONSTRAINT y/z/i3 y/z/o2 a/b/o1 (25.1) (15.6)) + (PERIODCONSTRAINT bufa/y (10) + (EXCEPTION (INSTANCE dff3) (INSTANCE ddasdas32) ) + ) + (SUM (m/n/o1 y/z/i1) (y/z/o2 a/b/i2) (67.3)) + (DIFF (m/n/o1 y/z/i1) (y/z/o2 a/b/i2) (67.3)) + (SKEWCONSTRAINT (posedge y) (7.5)) + (ARRIVAL (posedge MCLK) D[15:0] (10) (40) (12) (45) ) + (ARRIVAL (posedge MCLK) D[0] (10) (40) (12) (45) ) + (DEPARTURE (posedge SCLK) A[15:0] (8) (20) (12) (34) ) + (SLACK B (3) (3) (7) (7)) + (WAVEFORM clka 15 (posedge 0 2) (negedge 5 7)) + (WAVEFORM clkb 25 + (negedge 0) (posedge 5) + (negedge 10) (posedge 15) + ) + (WAVEFORM clkb 50 + (negedge -10) (posedge 20) + ) + //(WAVEFORM clka -15 (posedge 0 2) (negedge 5 7)) + ) + ) + + ) + /*(DELAYFILE + (SDFVERSION "3.0") + (DESIGN "mux") + (DATE "Fri Apr 19 09:40:01 2019") + (VENDOR "Xilinx") + (PROGRAM "Xilinx SDF Writer") + (VERSION "P.20131013") + (DIVIDER /) + //(VOLTAGE 1.800::1.800) + (VOLTAGE 1:-1.0e-10:-1.2) + (PROCESS "1.000::1.000") + (TEMPERATURE 25.000::25.000) + (TIMESCALE 100.0 ps) + )*/ +)"; + + auto& unit = parseSDFUnit(text); + CHECK_DIAGNOSTICS_EMPTY; + REQUIRE(unit.kind == SyntaxKind::SDFUnit); + REQUIRE(unit.members.size() == 1); + REQUIRE(unit.members[0]->kind == SyntaxKind::SDFDelayFile); +} + +TEST_CASE("correct SDF simple file") { + auto& text = R"( +(DELAYFILE + (SDFVERSION "3.0") + (DESIGN "mux") + (DATE "Fri Apr 19 09:40:01 2019") + (VENDOR "Xilinx") + (PROGRAM "Xilinx SDF Writer") + (VERSION "P.20131013") + (DIVIDER /) + (VOLTAGE 1.800::1.800) + (PROCESS "1.000::1.000") + (TEMPERATURE 25.000::25.000) + (TIMESCALE 1ns) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_BUF") + (INSTANCE a27_IBUF) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (IOPATH I O ( 1500 )( 1500 )) + ) + ) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (INTERCONNECT wb_clk_i clkbuf_0_wb_clk_i.A (0.036:0.036:0.036) (0.035:0.035:0.035)) + (INTERCONNECT wb_clk_i ANTENNA_1.DIODE (0.036:0.036:0.036) (0.035:0.035:0.035)) + (INTERCONNECT wb_rst_i input10.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[8] input9.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[7] input8.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[6] input7.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[5] input6.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[4] input5.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[3] input4.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[2] input3.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[1] input2.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT io_in[0] input1.A (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT _135_O/Y _248_/A1 (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT _135_O/Y _249_/A1 (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT _136_O/Y _248_/B2 (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT _136_O/Y _249_/B2 (0.000:0.000:0.000) (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + (INTERCONNECT _298_.Q ANTENNA_hold54_A.DIODE (0.031:0.031:0.031) (0.030:0.030:0.030)) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_XOR2") + (INSTANCE DSACK0_OBUF_D) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_AND3") + (INSTANCE DSACK0_OBUF_D2_PT_0) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 2900 )( 2900 )) + (PORT I1 ( 2900 )( 2900 )) + (PORT I2 ( 2900 )( 2900 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I2 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_BUF") + (INSTANCE cntr_0_Q) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (IOPATH I O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_OR2") + (INSTANCE cntr_0_tsimcreated_prld_Q) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_FF") + (INSTANCE cntr_0_REG) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (IOPATH CLK O ( 400 )( 400 )) + (IOPATH SET O ( 6000 )( 6000 )) + (IOPATH RST O ( 6000 )( 6000 )) + ) + ) + (TIMINGCHECK + (SETUPHOLD (posedge I) (posedge CLK) (2300)(1400)) + (SETUPHOLD (negedge I) (posedge CLK) (2300)(1400)) + (SETUPHOLD (posedge CE) (posedge CLK) (0)(0)) + (PERIOD (posedge CLK) (5600)) + (WIDTH (posedge SET) (5000)) + (WIDTH (posedge RST) (5000)) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_XOR2") + (INSTANCE cntr_0_D) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_AND2") + (INSTANCE cntr_0_RSTF) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 2900 )( 2900 )) + (PORT I1 ( 2900 )( 2900 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_BUF") + (INSTANCE cntr_1_Q) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (IOPATH I O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_XOR2") + (INSTANCE cntr_1_tsimcreated_xor_Q) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 1400 )( 1400 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_FF") + (INSTANCE cntr_1_REG) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (IOPATH CLK O ( 400 )( 400 )) + (IOPATH SET O ( 6000 )( 6000 )) + (IOPATH RST O ( 6000 )( 6000 )) + ) + ) + (TIMINGCHECK + (SETUPHOLD (posedge I) (posedge CLK) (2300)(1400)) + (SETUPHOLD (negedge I) (posedge CLK) (2300)(1400)) + (SETUPHOLD (posedge CE) (posedge CLK) (0)(0)) + (PERIOD (posedge CLK) (5600)) + (WIDTH (posedge SET) (5000)) + (WIDTH (posedge RST) (5000)) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_AND2") + (INSTANCE cntr_1_RSTF) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 2900 )( 2900 )) + (PORT I1 ( 2900 )( 2900 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_OR3") + (INSTANCE ETHRNT_OBUF_D2) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I2 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I2 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_XOR2") + (INSTANCE FLOPPY_OBUF_D) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_AND7") + (INSTANCE FLOPPY_OBUF_D2_PT_0) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I1 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I2 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I3 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I4 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I5 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I6 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I2 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I3 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I4 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I5 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I6 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_OR3") + (INSTANCE FLOPPY_OBUF_D2) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I2 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I2 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_BUF") + (INSTANCE IDE_OBUF_Q) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (IOPATH I O ( 500 )( 500 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_XOR2") + (INSTANCE IDE_OBUF_D) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_AND7") + (INSTANCE IDE_OBUF_D2_PT_0) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I1 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I2 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I3 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I4 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I5 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I6 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I2 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I3 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I4 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I5 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I6 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_OR3") + (INSTANCE IDE_OBUF_D2) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I2 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I2 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_AND2") + (INSTANCE READ_n_OBUF_D2) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (PORT I1 ( 1000 )( 1000 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_XOR2") + (INSTANCE I_MEMW_OBUF_D) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) + (CELL (CELLTYPE "X_XOR2") + (INSTANCE cntr_2_cntr_2_RSTF_INT_D) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (PORT I0 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (PORT I1 ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I0 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + (IOPATH I1 O ( 0 )( 0 )) + ) + ) + ) +) +)"; + + auto& unit = parseSDFUnit(text); + CHECK_DIAGNOSTICS_EMPTY; + REQUIRE(unit.kind == SyntaxKind::SDFUnit); + REQUIRE(unit.members.size() == 1); + REQUIRE(unit.members[0]->kind == SyntaxKind::SDFDelayFile); +} + +TEST_CASE("SDF file incorrect (invalid order of SDF file attributes/invalid number of SDFDelayFile " + "members/no specified cells)") { + auto& text = R"( +(DELAYFILE + (SDFVERSION "3.0") + (DESIGN "mux") + (DATE "Fri Apr 19 09:40:01 2019") + (VENDOR "Xilinx") + (PROGRAM "Xilinx SDF Writer") + (VERSION "P.20131013") + (DIVIDER +) + (PROCESS "1.000::1.000") + (TEMPERATURE 25.000::25.000) + (VOLTAGE 1.800::1.800) + (TIMESCALE 1ns) +) + +(DELAYFILE) +)"; + auto& unit = parseSDFUnit(text); + + REQUIRE(diagnostics.size() == 6); + CHECK(diagnostics[0].code == diag::ExpectedSDFDivider); + CHECK(diagnostics[1].code == diag::ExpectedSDFMember); + CHECK(diagnostics[2].code == diag::UnexpectedEndDelim); + CHECK(diagnostics[3].code == diag::UnexpectedEndDelim); + CHECK(diagnostics[4].code == diag::ExpectedSDFMember); + CHECK(diagnostics[5].code == diag::MemberLimitViolation); +} + +TEST_CASE("SDF file incorrect (invalid timing check values)") { + auto& text = R"( +(DELAYFILE + (SDFVERSION "3.0") + (DESIGN "mux") + (DATE "Fri Apr 19 09:40:01 2019") + (VENDOR "Xilinx") + (PROGRAM "Xilinx SDF Writer") + (VERSION "P.20131013") + (VOLTAGE 1.800::1.800) + (PROCESS "1.000::1.000") + (TEMPERATURE 25.000::25.000) + (TIMESCALE 1ns) + (CELL + (CELLTYPE "sky130_fd_sc_hd__dfrtp_1") + (INSTANCE _279_) + (DELAY + (ABSOLUTE + (IOPATH CLK Q (0.341:0.341:0.341) (0.379:0.379:0.379)) + (IOPATH RESET_B.d Q () (0.000:0.000:0.000)) + ) + ) + (TIMINGCHECK + (REMOVAL (posedge RESET_B) (posedge CLK) (0.348:0.348:0.348)) + (RECOVERY (posedge RESET_B) (posedge CLK) (-0.255:-0.255:-0.255)) + (HOLD (posedge D) (posedge CLK) (-0.029:-0.030:-0.030)) + (HOLD (negedge D) (posedge CLK) (-0.020:-0.020:-0.021)) + (SETUP (posedge D) (posedge CLK) (0.054:0.054:0.055)) + (SETUP (negedge D) (posedge CLK) (0.088:0.088:0.089)) + ) + ) +) +)"; + auto& unit = parseSDFUnit(text); + + REQUIRE(diagnostics.size() == 7); + CHECK(diagnostics[0].code == diag::InvalidSDFValueExpr); + CHECK(diagnostics[1].code == diag::ExpectedToken); + CHECK(diagnostics[2].code == diag::UnexpectedEndDelim); + CHECK(diagnostics[3].code == diag::UnexpectedEndDelim); + CHECK(diagnostics[4].code == diag::UnexpectedEndDelim); + CHECK(diagnostics[5].code == diag::UnexpectedEndDelim); + CHECK(diagnostics[6].code == diag::UnexpectedEndDelim); +}