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FAQ

FAQ-Banner

Why ExpressLRS?

Why ExpressLRS?

ExpressLRS is competing with some of the best commercial solutions out there, but all are expensive 🙁. Well, ELRS is not 😄, it can be set up for around 60$ (Using second-hand r9 hardware). It also is better than many (higher sensitivity, lower latency👌).

Is it better than the commercial solutions?

Is it better than the commercial solutions?

It is faster than most links out there with a latency of 6.5ms (at 200hz). At 250hz 100mW 2.4GHz it is capable of ranges 30km+.

Which OpenTX version works with ExpressLRS

Which OpenTX version works with ExpressLRS

OpenTX 2.3.12 or newer should work just fine. No need to use OpenTX Nightly, unless you have requirements not present in the Stable versions.

EdgeTX 2.4.0 or newer should work too.

Why do I need to update OpenTX?

Why do I need to update OpenTX?

ExpressLRS needs your radio to support crsfshot (a.k.a. Mixersync) to work properly. This will give you the lowest possible latency and optimal consistency of the RC link. When your radio does not have crsfshot working, this often shows in your ExpressLRS Lua script. The Lua script top bar will show inconsistent numbers like 0:63 or is stuck at 0:250 at every packet rate rate you select.

The Lua script top bar should always show a stable 0/[user selected packet rate]

For example: 0/50, 0/150, 0/250, 0/500, ...

When that is the case your radio has crsfshot working and you're good to go. Click here to read more on OpenTX.

How can I flash/update x receiver/module?

How can I flash/update x receiver/module?

See Getting Started page

Will x Receiver work with y TX Module from z Manufacturer?

Will x Receiver work with y TX Module from z Manufacturer?

Any Receiver and TX Module from the same Band (2.4GHz or 900Mhz) will work together. Supported R9 receivers will work with the 900Mhz modules from Happy Model, Namimno RC and the R9M, same with the other 900Mhz receivers, DIY or off-the-shelf. Likewise, any 2.4Ghz receivers should work with any 2.4Ghz TX Modules, from any manufacturer and even the DIY ones. This is as long as they have the same binding phrase and configuration options (Regulatory Domain, Performance Options and Extra Data).

What's the difference between the different Happymodel 2.4GHz receivers (PP, EP1, EP2)?

What's the difference between the different Happymodel 2.4GHz receivers (PP, EP1, EP2)?

The difference between the PP and the EP1/EP2 is only the processor. The PP is the original design and uses an STM32 while the EP1/EP2 use an ESP82xx. Both offer firmware update through Betaflight passthrough, but the EPx also support firmware upload over wifi. The EP1 is the same as the EP2 except it has a U.FL/IPEX1 connector for an external antenna. The wifi capability of the ESP is not used apart from the update procedure, and the wifi is only enabled shortly after power-up if no TX connection is received (AUTO_WIFI_ON_INTERVAL if bound, 60s otherwise). Receiver performance should be identical between the two. If you're confused by the PP being more expensive, it's because there is a shortage of the STM part.

What is required to achieve a 500hz update rate on 2.4ghz?

What is required to achieve a 500hz update rate on 2.4ghz?

Make sure that your radio is set to use 400K Baud Rate and you're running at least OpenTX 2.3.12 or EdgeTX 2.4.0. These firmware versions have Mixer Sync or CRSFShot.

To confirm your update rate is working as intended, you can use the ExpressLRS Lua script to check the current update rate and confirm you are getting 500hz. See Using the Lua Script.

How many channels does ELRS support?

How many channels does ELRS support?

16 channels*. With more than 8 aux channels, there are tradeoffs that must be made, therefore ELRS offers the following aux modes:

  • 4x full-resolution (10-bit) channels for sticks (CH1-4) with either:
    • HYBRID Mode 1x 2-position channel, AUX1 (CH5; Must be used for Arming), 6x 2-position/3-position/6-position (AUX2-7) and 1x 16-position (AUX8), OR
    • WIDE Mode 1x 2-position channel, AUX1 (CH5; Must be used for Arming), 7x 64 or 128-position channels (AUX2-8). Available via the Lua Script since 2.0.
  • 8x full-resolution (10-bit, ext-limits) with 1x 2-position channel, AUX1
  • 16x full-resolution (10-bit, ext-limits, all half rate) with 1x 2-position channel, AUX1
  • 12x full-resolution (10-bit, ext-limits) with 1x 2-position channel, AUX1, channels AUX2-9 run at half rate.

See Switch Modes for more details on switch modes and how they work

Is my binding phrase a secret?

Is my binding phrase a secret?

No, just like what channel your VTX is on is not a secret. The binding phrase is not security, it is anti-collision. If everyone kept their VTX channel a secret, the chances of you blasting someone out of the sky accidentally is pretty high. To provide the best chance of not interfering with other pilots and them not interfering with you, be sure you're not using the same dumb bind phrase as someone else. Express your style with a hilarious or saucy bind phrase.

What does RQLY, TQLY, RSSI x2, SNR x2 mean?

What does RQLY, TQLY, RSSI x2, SNR x2 mean?
Datapoint Description Range Info
RQly Uplink - link quality (valid packets) 0 - 100 The number of successful packets out of the last 100 from TX. TX → RX
1RSS Uplink - received signal strength antenna 1 (RSSI) -128 - 0 First antenna RSSI dBm as reported by the RX. Values vary depending on mode, antenna quality, output power and distance. TX → RX
2RSS Uplink - received signal strength antenna 2 (RSSI) Second antenna RSSI dBm, for diversity receivers. TX → RX
ANT RX active antenna 0 - 1 Active receiver antenna for diversity RX.
RSNR Uplink - signal-to-noise ratio SNR reported by the RX. Value varies mostly by radio chip and gets lower with distance (once the agc hits its limit). TX → RX
RFMD Uplink - packet rate 0 - 7 RF Mode Indexes
TPWR Uplink - transmitting power 50mW reported as 0, as CRSF/OpenTX do not have this option
TQly Downlink - link quality (valid packets) 0 - 100 An LQ indicator of telemetry packets received by TX. RX → TX
TRSS Downlink - received signal strength (RSSI) RSSI dBm of telemetry packets received by TX. RX → TX
TSNR Downlink - signal-to-noise ratio SNR reported by the TX for telemetry packets. RX → TX

If you have other questions or concerns, or maybe you need further help that is not covered by this Guide, head over to our Discord Channel or Facebook Group!

ExpressLRS Discord ExpressLRS Facebook

Skip to content

FAQ

FAQ-Banner

Why ExpressLRS?

Why ExpressLRS?

ExpressLRS is competing with some of the best commercial solutions out there, but all are expensive 🙁. Well, ELRS is not 😄, it can be set up for around 60$ (Using second-hand r9 hardware). It also is better than many (higher sensitivity, lower latency👌).

Is it better than the commercial solutions?

Is it better than the commercial solutions?

It is faster than most links out there with a latency of 6.5ms (at 200hz). At 250hz 100mW 2.4GHz it is capable of ranges 30km+.

Which OpenTX version works with ExpressLRS

Which OpenTX version works with ExpressLRS

OpenTX 2.3.12 or newer should work just fine. No need to use OpenTX Nightly, unless you have requirements not present in the Stable versions.

EdgeTX 2.4.0 or newer should work too.

Why do I need to update OpenTX?

Why do I need to update OpenTX?

ExpressLRS needs your radio to support crsfshot (a.k.a. Mixersync) to work properly. This will give you the lowest possible latency and optimal consistency of the RC link. When your radio does not have crsfshot working, this often shows in your ExpressLRS Lua script. The Lua script top bar will show inconsistent numbers like 0:63 or is stuck at 0:250 at every packet rate rate you select.

The Lua script top bar should always show a stable 0/[user selected packet rate]

For example: 0/50, 0/150, 0/250, 0/500, ...

When that is the case your radio has crsfshot working and you're good to go. Click here to read more on OpenTX.

How can I flash/update x receiver/module?

How can I flash/update x receiver/module?

See Getting Started page

Will x Receiver work with y TX Module from z Manufacturer?

Will x Receiver work with y TX Module from z Manufacturer?

Any Receiver and TX Module from the same Band (2.4GHz or 900Mhz) will work together. Supported R9 receivers will work with the 900Mhz modules from Happy Model, Namimno RC and the R9M, same with the other 900Mhz receivers, DIY or off-the-shelf. Likewise, any 2.4Ghz receivers should work with any 2.4Ghz TX Modules, from any manufacturer and even the DIY ones. This is as long as they have the same binding phrase and configuration options (Regulatory Domain, Performance Options and Extra Data).

What's the difference between the different Happymodel 2.4GHz receivers (PP, EP1, EP2)?

What's the difference between the different Happymodel 2.4GHz receivers (PP, EP1, EP2)?

The difference between the PP and the EP1/EP2 is only the processor. The PP is the original design and uses an STM32 while the EP1/EP2 use an ESP82xx. Both offer firmware update through Betaflight passthrough, but the EPx also support firmware upload over wifi. The EP1 is the same as the EP2 except it has a U.FL/IPEX1 connector for an external antenna. The wifi capability of the ESP is not used apart from the update procedure, and the wifi is only enabled shortly after power-up if no TX connection is received (AUTO_WIFI_ON_INTERVAL if bound, 60s otherwise). Receiver performance should be identical between the two. If you're confused by the PP being more expensive, it's because there is a shortage of the STM part.

What is required to achieve a 500hz update rate on 2.4ghz?

What is required to achieve a 500hz update rate on 2.4ghz?

Make sure that your radio is set to use 400K Baud Rate and you're running at least OpenTX 2.3.12 or EdgeTX 2.4.0. These firmware versions have Mixer Sync or CRSFShot.

To confirm your update rate is working as intended, you can use the ExpressLRS Lua script to check the current update rate and confirm you are getting 500hz. See Using the Lua Script.

How many channels does ELRS support?

How many channels does ELRS support?

16 channels*. With more than 8 aux channels, there are tradeoffs that must be made, therefore ELRS offers the following aux modes:

  • 4x full-resolution (10-bit) channels for sticks (CH1-4) with either:
    • HYBRID Mode 1x 2-position channel, AUX1 (CH5; Must be used for Arming), 6x 2-position/3-position/6-position (AUX2-7) and 1x 16-position (AUX8), OR
    • WIDE Mode 1x 2-position channel, AUX1 (CH5; Must be used for Arming), 7x 64 or 128-position channels (AUX2-8). Available via the Lua Script since 2.0.
  • 8x full-resolution (10-bit, ext-limits) with 1x 2-position channel, AUX1
  • 16x full-resolution (10-bit, ext-limits, all half rate) with 1x 2-position channel, AUX1
  • 12x full-resolution (10-bit, ext-limits) with 1x 2-position channel, AUX1, channels AUX2-9 run at half rate.

See Switch Modes for more details on switch modes and how they work

Is my binding phrase a secret?

Is my binding phrase a secret?

No, just like what channel your VTX is on is not a secret. The binding phrase is not security, it is anti-collision. If everyone kept their VTX channel a secret, the chances of you blasting someone out of the sky accidentally is pretty high. To provide the best chance of not interfering with other pilots and them not interfering with you, be sure you're not using the same dumb bind phrase as someone else. Express your style with a hilarious or saucy bind phrase.

What does RQLY, TQLY, RSSI x2, SNR x2 mean?

What does RQLY, TQLY, RSSI x2, SNR x2 mean?
Datapoint Description Range Info
RQly Uplink - link quality (valid packets) 0 - 100 The number of successful packets out of the last 100 from TX. TX → RX
1RSS Uplink - received signal strength antenna 1 (RSSI) -128 - 0 First antenna RSSI dBm as reported by the RX. Values vary depending on mode, antenna quality, output power and distance. TX → RX
2RSS Uplink - received signal strength antenna 2 (RSSI) Second antenna RSSI dBm, for diversity receivers. TX → RX
ANT RX active antenna 0 - 1 Active receiver antenna for diversity RX.
RSNR Uplink - signal-to-noise ratio SNR reported by the RX. Value varies mostly by radio chip and gets lower with distance (once the agc hits its limit). TX → RX
RFMD Uplink - packet rate 0 - 7 RF Mode Indexes
TPWR Uplink - transmitting power 50mW reported as 0, as CRSF/OpenTX do not have this option
TQly Downlink - link quality (valid packets) 0 - 100 An LQ indicator of telemetry packets received by TX. RX → TX
TRSS Downlink - received signal strength (RSSI) RSSI dBm of telemetry packets received by TX. RX → TX
TSNR Downlink - signal-to-noise ratio SNR reported by the TX for telemetry packets. RX → TX

If you have other questions or concerns, or maybe you need further help that is not covered by this Guide, head over to our Discord Channel or Facebook Group!

ExpressLRS Discord ExpressLRS Facebook

Skip to content

Google Season of Docs: Project Page

Review and Expand ExpressLRS User Documentation - expresslrs.org

About the organisation

ExpressLRS (ELRS) is an open source project focusing on developing a radio control (RC) link. The link is primarily designed for first-person view (FPV) crafts (e.g Multicopters, Planes). ELRS aims to provide the best completely open source, high refresh radio control link, minimising latency while maximising range. A vast range of hardware in both 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies is available.

FPV is a community built on top of open source projects such as flight controller firmware Betaflight and RC handset firmware EdgeTX. ELRS fills a void for an open source and high performance RC link with an active development team of about 20 volunteers.

github.com/ExpressLRS was created nearly 4 years ago and in the past 12 months has experienced significant growth. Not only in code contributions, but also users and commercial manufacturers releasing ELRS compatible hardware.

About the project

The project’s problem

During early ELRS development users were required to Do It Yourself (DIY) and build their own hardware. This tended to attract tech savvy users. However, in the past 12 months a number of commercial manufacturers have released ELRS compatible hardware. A much wider user group now exists of varying knowledge and initial setup of ELRS can be troublesome. More so for users who are also new to FPV.

A review of the existing user documentation by a technical writer, who has not previously been exposed to FPV, will bring a fresh pair of eyes to the project and help identify knowledge gaps.

The project’s scope

The ExpressLRS GSoD project will:

  • Introduce the Technical Writer to the FPV community and teach them about flying a FPV multicopter… Lets try and have some fun first 😃
  • Introduce the Technical Writer to our troubleshooting procedures.
  • This experience will help to identify any knowledge gaps in existing user ELRS documentation.
  • Devs and Advanced Users will provide information on general user queries from project volunteers and assist with documentation on recurring issues.
  • Review documentation used to assist manufacturers where English may not be their first language.
  • Hopefully assist in a major release (ELRS V3) and release notes.

We estimate that this work will take 4-6 months to complete.

Work that is out-of-scope of ELRS project: - In-depth PID Tuning of RC vehicles (Multicopter, Fixed - Wing, Boat, Rover). - Auxiliary function of RC vehicles (Mapping, Package Delivery, Pest Control Drone, Weaponry).

Measuring project’s success

The ELRS project runs a Facebook group (8.4k users at time of application) and Discord Server (8.1k users at time of application) to help users troubleshoot setup issues. A milestone of this work will be to see the number of users posting setup issues reduced, and to have documentation for all common issues presented in a user first perspective and mindset.

The project would be a success if we could provide a link to users for 90% of new user questions.

ELRS Developers also volunteer a lot of time communicating with commercial manufacturers. For a majority of the manufacturers English is not their native language and current ELRS documentation may be confusing. A long term goal of the project is to minimise design errors in commercial hardware releases.

Timeline

The documentation project will take approximately four to six months. It is expected the initial learning about FPV, Multicopters and ELRS may take 4 - 8 weeks. During which time the existing documentation can be used and reviewed. The remaining time will be used updating and expanding existing user, manufacturer, and developer documentation. ELRS has set its next major release goal before November to include release notes coordinated from this project.

Dates Action Items
May - June Learning FPV and ELRS from scratch
July - August Updating and expanding current User and Manufacturer documentation
September - October ELRS V3 release notes and new feature documents
November Project Completion

Proposed Budget

Budget Item Amount Running Total Notes
Technical Writer 10,000 10,000 26 wk, 6 hrs/wk
Technical Writer Hardware 2,000 12,000 FPV Hardware
Volunteer stipends 500 14,500 2 ELRS Devs + 3 Adv User
Total 14,500

Additional information

The ELRS development team includes a range of expertise, from software professionals, academics, researchers, scientists, and university students. And we love nothing more than nerding out on all things FPV in our free time 😃

Case study

ExpressLRS

Organization Description:

ExpressLRS (ELRS) is an open source project focusing on developing a radio control (RC) link. The link is primarily designed for first-person view (FPV) crafts (e.g Multicopters, Planes). ELRS aims to provide the best, completely open source, high refresh radio control link, minimising latency and maximising range. A vast range of hardware in both 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies is available.

FPV is a community built on top of open source projects such as flight controller firmware Betaflight and RC handset firmware EdgeTX. ELRS fills a void for an open source and high performance RC link with an active development team of about 20 volunteers.

github.com/ExpressLRS was created nearly 4 years ago and in the past 12 months has experienced significant growth. Not only in code contributions, but also users and commercial manufacturers releasing ELRS compatible hardware.

Problem Statement / Proposal Abstract

During early ELRS development users were required to Do It Yourself (DIY) and build their own hardware. This tended to attract tech savvy users. However, in the past 12 months a number of commercial manufacturers have released ELRS compatible hardware. A much wider user group now exists of varying knowledge and initial setup of ELRS can be troublesome, especially for users who are new to FPV.

A review of the existing user documentation by a technical writer, who has not previously been exposed to FPV, will bring a fresh pair of eyes to the project and help identify knowledge gaps.

Project Description

Creating the proposal

The proposal idea was pretty easy for us, as we like to keep it simple. GSoD is fundamentally about improving documentation and also supporting technical writers, so we collectively decided we needed the support to hire a writer to review & write better documentation. The exploding ELRS users base meant we could not continue to provide 1 on 1 support to new users, unlike in the beginning of the project. The demand for more and better documentation is and will be ongoing during the ELRS growth period. However, the community appears to have reached a critical mass and the user base is great at supporting new users.

Budget

Of the initially deposited $5800:

$3000 was invoiced by our Technical Writer.

$1,849.42 of the proposed $2000 hardware budget has been spent.

$600 of the proposed $1000 volunteer stipend has been claimed.

The project was able to stay within the initial budget. Some ExpressLRS hardware manufacturers were even able to help with additional hardware and we thank (in alphabetical order) BETAFPV, Happymodel, and Radiomaster for their assistance in providing hundreds of dollars of free hardware to our technical writer.

Participants

The project had 5 volunteers that were either developers or long term users who were integral community members with their insight: deadbyte, maybenikhil, StonedDawg, YeOldePirate, and commanderguy3001.

We selected our writer Agha Saad after reviewing many resumes and cover letters. He offered an incredibly detailed set of goals and timeline & had previous season of docs experience with Arduino.

While no one dropped out of the project, there were personal issues that arose during the period that made it difficult for some volunteers to be available. This did significantly impact the project's timeline and delay hardware delivery.

Selecting a writer with a pre-existing interest in RC or similar hobby that aligned with the projects, and not focus solely on writing experience, may also have assisted with keeping to the timeline, due to hardware being more accessible to them.

Timeline

Our initial timeline has been heavily delayed through the delivery of hardware to our Writer and the eventual confiscation of said hardware. More details are provided below.

Results

A number of PRs were merged by the Technical Writer, which include major technical topics/issues such as Crystal Oscillator (XO) Frequency Error. However key beginner documents were difficult without hardware for our writer to have hands on experience with.

Metrics

A key metric for the success of the project was to address common user issues in the documentation. Another key metric is the project's userbase & growth: at the time of the proposal the Facebook group had 8.4k and Discord 8.1k users. These groups have now grown to 12.4k and 13k respectively!

Therefore, we can say that we observed significant growth as a project & organization within the months of Google Season of Docs, but have no strong metrics correlating to use of documentation, as compared to the beginning of the project.

Analysis

A number of challenges were met during this project. With the final hurdle being the import of FPV hardware to the Technical Writer. In the end the hardware required for learning FPV, building, and flying were confiscated by the country's Ministry of Defence. This massively limited what could/can be completed during the project.

In good faith, the ExpressLRS devs can not call this project a success, as without hardware to write about the documentation that most affects new users did not see many significant improvements.

Summary

A number of PRs were merged by the Technical Writer, which is to be commended without access to hardware. If ELRS was to participate in GSoD again in the future there are a couple major conditions that require checking before hiring a writer:

  • Is FPV legal in their country?
  • Is the import of FPV/RC hardware legal in their country?

Hot tip for other organisations participating in GSoD and dealing with hardware (especially within the RC & FPV communities). Potentially look to hire someone in a country, or in close proximity to one of the participating developers or volunteers. Local expertise to help with delivery and hand up assistance will be invaluable, as well as an existing understanding of complex regulations surrounding the project.

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Google Season of Docs: Project Page

Review and Expand ExpressLRS User Documentation - expresslrs.org

About the organisation

ExpressLRS (ELRS) is an open source project focusing on developing a radio control (RC) link. The link is primarily designed for first-person view (FPV) crafts (e.g Multicopters, Planes). ELRS aims to provide the best completely open source, high refresh radio control link, minimising latency while maximising range. A vast range of hardware in both 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies is available.

FPV is a community built on top of open source projects such as flight controller firmware Betaflight and RC handset firmware EdgeTX. ELRS fills a void for an open source and high performance RC link with an active development team of about 20 volunteers.

github.com/ExpressLRS was created nearly 4 years ago and in the past 12 months has experienced significant growth. Not only in code contributions, but also users and commercial manufacturers releasing ELRS compatible hardware.

About the project

The project’s problem

During early ELRS development users were required to Do It Yourself (DIY) and build their own hardware. This tended to attract tech savvy users. However, in the past 12 months a number of commercial manufacturers have released ELRS compatible hardware. A much wider user group now exists of varying knowledge and initial setup of ELRS can be troublesome. More so for users who are also new to FPV.

A review of the existing user documentation by a technical writer, who has not previously been exposed to FPV, will bring a fresh pair of eyes to the project and help identify knowledge gaps.

The project’s scope

The ExpressLRS GSoD project will:

  • Introduce the Technical Writer to the FPV community and teach them about flying a FPV multicopter… Lets try and have some fun first 😃
  • Introduce the Technical Writer to our troubleshooting procedures.
  • This experience will help to identify any knowledge gaps in existing user ELRS documentation.
  • Devs and Advanced Users will provide information on general user queries from project volunteers and assist with documentation on recurring issues.
  • Review documentation used to assist manufacturers where English may not be their first language.
  • Hopefully assist in a major release (ELRS V3) and release notes.

We estimate that this work will take 4-6 months to complete.

Work that is out-of-scope of ELRS project: - In-depth PID Tuning of RC vehicles (Multicopter, Fixed - Wing, Boat, Rover). - Auxiliary function of RC vehicles (Mapping, Package Delivery, Pest Control Drone, Weaponry).

Measuring project’s success

The ELRS project runs a Facebook group (8.4k users at time of application) and Discord Server (8.1k users at time of application) to help users troubleshoot setup issues. A milestone of this work will be to see the number of users posting setup issues reduced, and to have documentation for all common issues presented in a user first perspective and mindset.

The project would be a success if we could provide a link to users for 90% of new user questions.

ELRS Developers also volunteer a lot of time communicating with commercial manufacturers. For a majority of the manufacturers English is not their native language and current ELRS documentation may be confusing. A long term goal of the project is to minimise design errors in commercial hardware releases.

Timeline

The documentation project will take approximately four to six months. It is expected the initial learning about FPV, Multicopters and ELRS may take 4 - 8 weeks. During which time the existing documentation can be used and reviewed. The remaining time will be used updating and expanding existing user, manufacturer, and developer documentation. ELRS has set its next major release goal before November to include release notes coordinated from this project.

Dates Action Items
May - June Learning FPV and ELRS from scratch
July - August Updating and expanding current User and Manufacturer documentation
September - October ELRS V3 release notes and new feature documents
November Project Completion

Proposed Budget

Budget Item Amount Running Total Notes
Technical Writer 10,000 10,000 26 wk, 6 hrs/wk
Technical Writer Hardware 2,000 12,000 FPV Hardware
Volunteer stipends 500 14,500 2 ELRS Devs + 3 Adv User
Total 14,500

Additional information

The ELRS development team includes a range of expertise, from software professionals, academics, researchers, scientists, and university students. And we love nothing more than nerding out on all things FPV in our free time 😃

Case study

ExpressLRS

Organization Description:

ExpressLRS (ELRS) is an open source project focusing on developing a radio control (RC) link. The link is primarily designed for first-person view (FPV) crafts (e.g Multicopters, Planes). ELRS aims to provide the best, completely open source, high refresh radio control link, minimising latency and maximising range. A vast range of hardware in both 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies is available.

FPV is a community built on top of open source projects such as flight controller firmware Betaflight and RC handset firmware EdgeTX. ELRS fills a void for an open source and high performance RC link with an active development team of about 20 volunteers.

github.com/ExpressLRS was created nearly 4 years ago and in the past 12 months has experienced significant growth. Not only in code contributions, but also users and commercial manufacturers releasing ELRS compatible hardware.

Problem Statement / Proposal Abstract

During early ELRS development users were required to Do It Yourself (DIY) and build their own hardware. This tended to attract tech savvy users. However, in the past 12 months a number of commercial manufacturers have released ELRS compatible hardware. A much wider user group now exists of varying knowledge and initial setup of ELRS can be troublesome, especially for users who are new to FPV.

A review of the existing user documentation by a technical writer, who has not previously been exposed to FPV, will bring a fresh pair of eyes to the project and help identify knowledge gaps.

Project Description

Creating the proposal

The proposal idea was pretty easy for us, as we like to keep it simple. GSoD is fundamentally about improving documentation and also supporting technical writers, so we collectively decided we needed the support to hire a writer to review & write better documentation. The exploding ELRS users base meant we could not continue to provide 1 on 1 support to new users, unlike in the beginning of the project. The demand for more and better documentation is and will be ongoing during the ELRS growth period. However, the community appears to have reached a critical mass and the user base is great at supporting new users.

Budget

Of the initially deposited $5800:

$3000 was invoiced by our Technical Writer.

$1,849.42 of the proposed $2000 hardware budget has been spent.

$600 of the proposed $1000 volunteer stipend has been claimed.

The project was able to stay within the initial budget. Some ExpressLRS hardware manufacturers were even able to help with additional hardware and we thank (in alphabetical order) BETAFPV, Happymodel, and Radiomaster for their assistance in providing hundreds of dollars of free hardware to our technical writer.

Participants

The project had 5 volunteers that were either developers or long term users who were integral community members with their insight: deadbyte, maybenikhil, StonedDawg, YeOldePirate, and commanderguy3001.

We selected our writer Agha Saad after reviewing many resumes and cover letters. He offered an incredibly detailed set of goals and timeline & had previous season of docs experience with Arduino.

While no one dropped out of the project, there were personal issues that arose during the period that made it difficult for some volunteers to be available. This did significantly impact the project's timeline and delay hardware delivery.

Selecting a writer with a pre-existing interest in RC or similar hobby that aligned with the projects, and not focus solely on writing experience, may also have assisted with keeping to the timeline, due to hardware being more accessible to them.

Timeline

Our initial timeline has been heavily delayed through the delivery of hardware to our Writer and the eventual confiscation of said hardware. More details are provided below.

Results

A number of PRs were merged by the Technical Writer, which include major technical topics/issues such as Crystal Oscillator (XO) Frequency Error. However key beginner documents were difficult without hardware for our writer to have hands on experience with.

Metrics

A key metric for the success of the project was to address common user issues in the documentation. Another key metric is the project's userbase & growth: at the time of the proposal the Facebook group had 8.4k and Discord 8.1k users. These groups have now grown to 12.4k and 13k respectively!

Therefore, we can say that we observed significant growth as a project & organization within the months of Google Season of Docs, but have no strong metrics correlating to use of documentation, as compared to the beginning of the project.

Analysis

A number of challenges were met during this project. With the final hurdle being the import of FPV hardware to the Technical Writer. In the end the hardware required for learning FPV, building, and flying were confiscated by the country's Ministry of Defence. This massively limited what could/can be completed during the project.

In good faith, the ExpressLRS devs can not call this project a success, as without hardware to write about the documentation that most affects new users did not see many significant improvements.

Summary

A number of PRs were merged by the Technical Writer, which is to be commended without access to hardware. If ELRS was to participate in GSoD again in the future there are a couple major conditions that require checking before hiring a writer:

  • Is FPV legal in their country?
  • Is the import of FPV/RC hardware legal in their country?

Hot tip for other organisations participating in GSoD and dealing with hardware (especially within the RC & FPV communities). Potentially look to hire someone in a country, or in close proximity to one of the participating developers or volunteers. Local expertise to help with delivery and hand up assistance will be invaluable, as well as an existing understanding of complex regulations surrounding the project.

Tx Backpack Setup

Hardware-Banner

Preparing the TX Module for Backpack Firmware Flashing

For the Happymodel TX Modules, you will need to move the jumpers or DIP switches into the correct position before flashing the firmware. Please see the USB/UART Flashing section of your particular TX Module for the jumper or DIP switch position.

You need to activate the Backpack Flashing jumper or DIP switch (middle pair). Opening up the module enclosure will be needed as well to access the Buttons on the modules. Make sure your computer recognizes your TX module as a USB to UART Bridge. Windows drivers are linked in the Flashing Guides.

For the NamimnoRC Flash and Voyager TX Modules without an OLED screen (Gen 1 STM-based), make sure you're able to access the Backpack Web Update page (see Flashing Guide) via WiFi.

NamimnoRC OLED-equipped TX Modules and AxisFlying Thor modules should come preflashed with Backpack firmware.

Backpack Firmware Flashing

Backpack Configurator

Backpack Configurator

Flashing Backpack firmware is supported by the ExpressLRS Configurator since v1.2.0.

  • Targets:
    • HappyModel TX Backpack
    • AXIS THOR TX Backpack
    • FrSky TX Backpack
    • Namimno Non-OLED TX Backpack
    • Namimno Flash OLED TX Backpack

Flashing via USB/UART

For the Happymodel TX modules, connect to your computer via USB. As stated above, the module should be detected as a USB to UART Bridge and the jumper/DIP switches are set in the correct position (middle pins/switches should be On).

In ExpressLRS Configurator, select the appropriate Target and enter your binding phrase which will be used to bind the Backpacks together. It can be different from your usual binding phrase, but there's no issue if you want to use the same. You can also set your Home WiFi Network SSID and Password (version 0.2.0 or newer) to enable updating over your home WiFi.

Once set, click Build and Flash on the ExpressLRS Configurator.

Button Dance: A few buttons are needed to be pressed on the module while the firmware is compiling. Press and Hold the GPI0 button then the RST button (GPIO is still pressed) then release the RST button and then the GPIO button.

Module Buttons

Module Buttons

If you did things right, a Success message should appear.

Unplug the USB and change the position of the jumpers/DIP switches for the Normal Operation (refer back to the module's Flashing Guide page for the correct position).

Put back the cover of the module and attach it to your module bay.

Flashing via Passthrough

Applies to: Radiomaster Ranger Series

These devices use the base HappyModel TX Backpack as a target.

  • Plug in a USB Data Cable into the module.
  • Select the latest Backpack Release version.
  • Select the device target, HappyModel TX Backpack.
  • Select the via Passthrough flashing method.
  • Set your runtime options.
  • Click Build and Flash
  • Wait for the process to complete.

Flashing via WiFi (ESP-based TX Modules)

Note

The following section applies to more recently released TX modules like the NamimnoRC OLED-equipped Modules. If you have the older Happymodel modules and have updated their backpack firmwares to at least 0.1.0, then this can be used for future updates.

Using the ExpressLRS v2.0 Lua script, navigate to WiFi Connectivity and select Enable Backpack WiFi. The Backpack WiFi Access Point will immediately activate. Connect to the ExpressLRS TX Backpack AP (password is expresslrs). Navigate your browser to http://10.0.0.1/.

Build the TX firmware using the ExpressLRS Configurator. Grab the built firmware.bin and drag-and-drop it into the File Upload section of the webpage and click Update. Wait a bit (~10s) for the "Update Success! Rebooting...". The AP should automatically disappear and disconnect.

WiFi ESP

WiFi ESP

Flashing via WiFi (NamimnoRC Gen1 TX Modules)

For the First Generation NamimnoRC TX modules (No OLED), you will have to first Build the Backpack firmware. Once built, grab the backpack.bin file from the folder that the ExpressLRS Configurator opened. Open the URL http://elrs_tx.local on your browser and scroll down to where the WiFi Backpack Firmware Update section is (shown in the image below). If the page isn't loading, make sure you have followed the Wifi Flashing guide for these modules (see Flashing Guide).

Wifi Backpack

Wifi Backpack

Wait for a bit (~10s) after the message "Update Success! Rebooting..." appears before you power-cycle the module. Your TX Backpack should now be ready.

Flashing via ETX Passthrough

  • Targets:
    • RadioMaster Zorro TX Backpack
    • RadioMaster TX16S Backpack
    • RadioMaster TX12 Backpack
    • RadioMaster Boxer Backpack

FYI

This method is the result of the collaborative effort between EdgeTX, RadioMaster, and ExpressLRS.

With your handset turned on, connect a USB data cable to the USB data port of the Radio. Select USB Serial(Debug) or USB Serial(VCP) in the options window that pops up.

usb picture

Debug option

Using the ExpressLRS Configurator, select the appropriate version and the correct Device Target and set the Flashing method to EdgeTXPassthrough.

Set your Binding Phrase and your Home WiFi SSID and Password (Optional).

Click Build and Flash on the ExpressLRS Configurator.

Wait for the process to complete and you should see the green Success notification.

Unplug the USB from the handset and you're set!

Starting in 0.2.0, you can Update via your Home WiFi Network

With your Home Network SSID and Password set, when you activate the WiFi mode via the Lua script (WiFi Connectivity -> Enabled Backpack WiFi), the Backpack will try to connect to your Home WiFi Network. Once connected, you can access the Web Update page via http://elrs_txbp.local/ and upload your firmware there.

The ExpressLRS Configurator will also detect the device after it has been connected. It will be listed in the "Device List" section, and you can press SELECT, so that the correct target is automatically selected for Build.

Alternatively, you can also Build and Flash via the Configurator through WiFi without having to access the Web Update page (just like any ESP-based ExpressLRS receiver).

How to check you have updated the TX Backpack Firmware?

Make sure you set the jumpers or DIP switches on your modules (if required, e.g. the Happymodel TX Modules) to the Normal Operation position (refer to the top of this page). This allows the main ESP32 chip to talk to the Backpack chip. The Backpack will NOT work properly if the DIP switches or jumper pins are not in the Normal Operation position.

Attention

Change the position of the DIP switches or jumper pins to Normal Operation if required for your module (e.g. Happymodel TX modules).

Navigate to the WiFi Connectivity folder of the ExpressLRS v2 Lua script and select Enable Backpack WiFi. Scan for Access Points, and ExpressLRS TX Backpack should appear. Connect to it and point your browser to http://10.0.0.1/.

If you have set your Home Network SSID and Password, point your browser to http://elrs_txbp.local/.

The main banner will show you what kind of device it is and the firmware version that's flashed into it.

Setup your VRx Backpack

Proceed to the VRx Backpack Setup section to setup your VRx Backpack, if desired.

Operation

The Backpack Usage section provides further details on ExpressLRS Backpack Operation, including Binding, LED Status codes, and more.

Tx Backpack Setup

Hardware-Banner

Preparing the TX Module for Backpack Firmware Flashing

For the Happymodel TX Modules, you will need to move the jumpers or DIP switches into the correct position before flashing the firmware. Please see the USB/UART Flashing section of your particular TX Module for the jumper or DIP switch position.

You need to activate the Backpack Flashing jumper or DIP switch (middle pair). Opening up the module enclosure will be needed as well to access the Buttons on the modules. Make sure your computer recognizes your TX module as a USB to UART Bridge. Windows drivers are linked in the Flashing Guides.

For the NamimnoRC Flash and Voyager TX Modules without an OLED screen (Gen 1 STM-based), make sure you're able to access the Backpack Web Update page (see Flashing Guide) via WiFi.

NamimnoRC OLED-equipped TX Modules and AxisFlying Thor modules should come preflashed with Backpack firmware.

Backpack Firmware Flashing

Backpack Configurator

Backpack Configurator

Flashing Backpack firmware is supported by the ExpressLRS Configurator since v1.2.0.

  • Targets:
    • HappyModel TX Backpack
    • AXIS THOR TX Backpack
    • FrSky TX Backpack
    • Namimno Non-OLED TX Backpack
    • Namimno Flash OLED TX Backpack

Flashing via USB/UART

For the Happymodel TX modules, connect to your computer via USB. As stated above, the module should be detected as a USB to UART Bridge and the jumper/DIP switches are set in the correct position (middle pins/switches should be On).

In ExpressLRS Configurator, select the appropriate Target and enter your binding phrase which will be used to bind the Backpacks together. It can be different from your usual binding phrase, but there's no issue if you want to use the same. You can also set your Home WiFi Network SSID and Password (version 0.2.0 or newer) to enable updating over your home WiFi.

Once set, click Build and Flash on the ExpressLRS Configurator.

Button Dance: A few buttons are needed to be pressed on the module while the firmware is compiling. Press and Hold the GPI0 button then the RST button (GPIO is still pressed) then release the RST button and then the GPIO button.

Module Buttons

Module Buttons

If you did things right, a Success message should appear.

Unplug the USB and change the position of the jumpers/DIP switches for the Normal Operation (refer back to the module's Flashing Guide page for the correct position).

Put back the cover of the module and attach it to your module bay.

Flashing via Passthrough

Applies to: Radiomaster Ranger Series

These devices use the base HappyModel TX Backpack as a target.

  • Plug in a USB Data Cable into the module.
  • Select the latest Backpack Release version.
  • Select the device target, HappyModel TX Backpack.
  • Select the via Passthrough flashing method.
  • Set your runtime options.
  • Click Build and Flash
  • Wait for the process to complete.

Flashing via WiFi (ESP-based TX Modules)

Note

The following section applies to more recently released TX modules like the NamimnoRC OLED-equipped Modules. If you have the older Happymodel modules and have updated their backpack firmwares to at least 0.1.0, then this can be used for future updates.

Using the ExpressLRS v2.0 Lua script, navigate to WiFi Connectivity and select Enable Backpack WiFi. The Backpack WiFi Access Point will immediately activate. Connect to the ExpressLRS TX Backpack AP (password is expresslrs). Navigate your browser to http://10.0.0.1/.

Build the TX firmware using the ExpressLRS Configurator. Grab the built firmware.bin and drag-and-drop it into the File Upload section of the webpage and click Update. Wait a bit (~10s) for the "Update Success! Rebooting...". The AP should automatically disappear and disconnect.

WiFi ESP

WiFi ESP

Flashing via WiFi (NamimnoRC Gen1 TX Modules)

For the First Generation NamimnoRC TX modules (No OLED), you will have to first Build the Backpack firmware. Once built, grab the backpack.bin file from the folder that the ExpressLRS Configurator opened. Open the URL http://elrs_tx.local on your browser and scroll down to where the WiFi Backpack Firmware Update section is (shown in the image below). If the page isn't loading, make sure you have followed the Wifi Flashing guide for these modules (see Flashing Guide).

Wifi Backpack

Wifi Backpack

Wait for a bit (~10s) after the message "Update Success! Rebooting..." appears before you power-cycle the module. Your TX Backpack should now be ready.

Flashing via ETX Passthrough

  • Targets:
    • RadioMaster Zorro TX Backpack
    • RadioMaster TX16S Backpack
    • RadioMaster TX12 Backpack
    • RadioMaster Boxer Backpack

FYI

This method is the result of the collaborative effort between EdgeTX, RadioMaster, and ExpressLRS.

With your handset turned on, connect a USB data cable to the USB data port of the Radio. Select USB Serial(Debug) or USB Serial(VCP) in the options window that pops up.

usb picture

Debug option

Using the ExpressLRS Configurator, select the appropriate version and the correct Device Target and set the Flashing method to EdgeTXPassthrough.

Set your Binding Phrase and your Home WiFi SSID and Password (Optional).

Click Build and Flash on the ExpressLRS Configurator.

Wait for the process to complete and you should see the green Success notification.

Unplug the USB from the handset and you're set!

Starting in 0.2.0, you can Update via your Home WiFi Network

With your Home Network SSID and Password set, when you activate the WiFi mode via the Lua script (WiFi Connectivity -> Enabled Backpack WiFi), the Backpack will try to connect to your Home WiFi Network. Once connected, you can access the Web Update page via http://elrs_txbp.local/ and upload your firmware there.

The ExpressLRS Configurator will also detect the device after it has been connected. It will be listed in the "Device List" section, and you can press SELECT, so that the correct target is automatically selected for Build.

Alternatively, you can also Build and Flash via the Configurator through WiFi without having to access the Web Update page (just like any ESP-based ExpressLRS receiver).

How to check you have updated the TX Backpack Firmware?

Make sure you set the jumpers or DIP switches on your modules (if required, e.g. the Happymodel TX Modules) to the Normal Operation position (refer to the top of this page). This allows the main ESP32 chip to talk to the Backpack chip. The Backpack will NOT work properly if the DIP switches or jumper pins are not in the Normal Operation position.

Attention

Change the position of the DIP switches or jumper pins to Normal Operation if required for your module (e.g. Happymodel TX modules).

Navigate to the WiFi Connectivity folder of the ExpressLRS v2 Lua script and select Enable Backpack WiFi. Scan for Access Points, and ExpressLRS TX Backpack should appear. Connect to it and point your browser to http://10.0.0.1/.

If you have set your Home Network SSID and Password, point your browser to http://elrs_txbp.local/.

The main banner will show you what kind of device it is and the firmware version that's flashed into it.

Setup your VRx Backpack

Proceed to the VRx Backpack Setup section to setup your VRx Backpack, if desired.

Operation

The Backpack Usage section provides further details on ExpressLRS Backpack Operation, including Binding, LED Status codes, and more.

VRx Backpack Setup

Hardware-Banner

Flashing Methods for Backpack Device:

Before wiring up your VRx Backpack, you MUST first flash the VRx Backpack firmware, either via WiFi or UART/FTDI.

Good VRx Backpack candidates are the EP1 or EP2 receivers from Happymodel as these have Boot pads instead of Boot buttons. The Boot pad will be repurposed for the SPI Clock signal from the VRx module.

The VRx firmware you will flash into your Backpack Device will depend on what VRx module you want to connect it to. If you do not flash the correct firmware, it will not work properly.

Flashing via WiFi (ESP-based ExpressLRS Receivers)

Power up your selected VRx Backpack device (connect 5v and gnd pads to any 5v power source). Let it go into WiFi Update mode (fast blinking LED) and load up the WiFi Update page. In the Address bar of your browser, add ?force=true to ensure it will accept the VRx Backpack firmware. The resulting URL should read http://10.0.0.1/?force=true (if you connected via Access Point) or http://elrs_rx.local/?force=true (if your device has connected to your local WiFi network).

Note

The ?force=true is not needed for ESP-based receivers with factory firmware. It is only required if you have previously flashed the receiver and want to repurpose it as a VRx Backpack.

Go to the Assets section of the Backpack Release on GitHub, Download the binary suited for your VRx module. Upload this binary into the VRx device using the Web Update page. Wait (~30s) until the LED on the VRx device has turned on again.

Alternatively, you can use the ExpressLRS Configurator to create your binaries for you. Build your binary, with the set binding phrase (Optional) as well as Home Network SSID and Password (Optional; available starting 0.2.0). Upload the resulting binary on the WiFi Update page as outlined above.

Flashing via UART/FTDI

Note

This method is best used for the DIY ESP01F VRx Backpacks, as these devices do not have any firmware from the factory.

Connect your FTDI RX pin into the TX pad of your VRx Device, and the FTDI TX pin into the RX pad of the VRx Device; then the 5V and Gnd pads. The Boot pad needs to be bridged with the Ground pad. Connect your FTDI, with the connected VRx device, into a free USB port (VRx Device's LED should light up SOLID). Using the ExpressLRS Configurator, select your VRx module, select the via UART method and set your binding phrase (Optional) and the Home Network SSID and Password (Optional; Available starting 0.2.0). Click Build and Flash and the compiling and flashing should commence. If done right, the Success bar should appear and your VRx Backpack should now be ready for wiring into your selected VRx Module.

Flashing TBS Fusion for the First Time

You will need an FTDI dongle (USB to UART Bridge) to flash the VRx Backpack firmware into your TBS Fusion module for the first time. You will also have to follow the TBS Fusion WiFi Module Unbricking Guide but instead of uploading the WiFi Firmware file from TBS, you will upload the VRx Backpack Firmware that the ExpressLRS Configurator compiled from Build.

Any subsequent firmware updates can be done via WiFi.

Starting with 0.2.0, you can also Update via your Home WiFi

With your Home Network SSID and Password set, when you activate the WiFi mode via the Lua script (WiFi Connectivity -> Enabled VRx WiFi), the Backpack will try to connect to your Home WiFi Network. Once connected, you can access the Web Update page via http://elrs_vrx.local/ and upload your firmware there.

The ExpressLRS Configurator will also detect the device after it has been connected. It will be listed in the "Device List" section, and you can press SELECT, so that the correct target is automatically selected for Build.

Alternatively, you can also Build and Flash via the Configurator through WiFi without having to access the Web Update page (just like any ESP-based ExpressLRS receiver).

VRx Module Setup Before Wiring It All Up

IMPORTANT: You will need to set your VRx module to the highest band and channel it can go, usually Race 8 (5917MHz) before wiring up any VRx Backpack. This is to ensure the VRx Backpack knows "where it is" in the selectable channels.

Connecting the VRx Backpack to Your VRx Module

Currently supported VRx Modules include:

  • ImmersionRC Rapidfire
  • SkyZone SteadyView
  • Generic RX5808 Module
  • FENIX Module
  • Shark Byte RX5.1 HDZero Module

VRx Backpacks communicate with these modules via SPI, and require 3 signal lines: CLK, DATA, CS. Additionally, depending on your VRx Backpack, they will either need 5v (ExpressLRS ESP-based Receiver) or 3.3v (ESP01F module) and of course the GND line.

backpack EP

Wired

For the ESP01F Module, you will have to source out a voltage regulator such as an AMS1117 (1A Low Drop-out Voltage Regulator) which will lower the 5V voltage from the VRx module to the needed 3.3v.

ESP01f Wiring

All Wired Up

Rapidfire Backpack Connection

Follow the wiring guide below for the Rapidfire module. Make sure that the VRx module is set to R8 (5917) for this to work properly.

Rapidfire Connection

Rapidfire Backpack

The VRx Backpack fits snugly in the module bay. No further modding is needed.

Rapidfire in Bay

Rapidfire Covered

SteadyView Backpack Connection

You will need to desolder 3 pins from the module, or cut them off.

Follow the wiring shown in the image below:

Steadyview Wiring

  • The blue wire is the CLK pin (Pin 1; connected to Boot pad, if using an ExpressLRS Receiver).
  • The green wire is the DATA pin (Pin 2; connected to the RX pad, if using an ExpressLRS Receiver).
  • The yellow wire is the CS pin (Pin 3; connected to the TX pad, if using an ExpressLRS Receiver).

The power supply wires are connected as follows:

  • The black wire is GND and connected to Pin 7 of the VRx module.
  • The red wire is the 5V supply and is connected to the last Pin of the module (Pin 9).

Tidying it up

Covered up

Shark Byte RX5.1 HDZero Module Connection

The VRX has an easily accessible UART on the main board, which is accessed by removing the 4 screws which secure the backplate. Use the goggle mount to pull the backplate from the housing.

Solder your VRx backpack as shown below:

RX5.1 wiring diagram - GND-GND, TX-RX, RX-TX, 5V from the inner edge of voltage regulator "N"

It is unlikely that you can close the backplate with the backpack module between the plate and the main board. There are two solutions:

  • Route the wires out of the cooling vents and mount them externally
  • Mount the backpack in the front patch, routing the wires through the goggle mount as shown below:

RX5.1 Backpack module located behind the front patches

Generic RX5808 Connection

Make sure that your RX5808 is running in SPI mode. Then wire it up as shown below:

Generic RX5808 wiring

How to check you have updated the VRx Backpack Firmware?

Navigate to the WiFi Connectivity folder of the ExpressLRS v3 Lua script and select Enable VRx WiFi. The LED will begin blinking rapidly. Scan for Access Points and ExpressLRS VRx Backpack should appear. Connect to it and point your browser to http://10.0.0.1/.

If you have set your Home Network SSID and Password, point your browser to http://elrs_vrx.local/.

The main banner will show you what kind of device it is and the firmware version that's flashed into it.

Setup your TX Backpack

Proceed to the TX Backpack Setup section to setup your TX Backpack.

Operation

The Backpack Usage section provides further details on ExpressLRS Backpack Operation, including Binding, LED Status codes, and more.

VRx Backpack Setup

Hardware-Banner

Flashing Methods for Backpack Device:

Before wiring up your VRx Backpack, you MUST first flash the VRx Backpack firmware, either via WiFi or UART/FTDI.

Good VRx Backpack candidates are the EP1 or EP2 receivers from Happymodel as these have Boot pads instead of Boot buttons. The Boot pad will be repurposed for the SPI Clock signal from the VRx module.

The VRx firmware you will flash into your Backpack Device will depend on what VRx module you want to connect it to. If you do not flash the correct firmware, it will not work properly.

Flashing via WiFi (ESP-based ExpressLRS Receivers)

Power up your selected VRx Backpack device (connect 5v and gnd pads to any 5v power source). Let it go into WiFi Update mode (fast blinking LED) and load up the WiFi Update page. In the Address bar of your browser, add ?force=true to ensure it will accept the VRx Backpack firmware. The resulting URL should read http://10.0.0.1/?force=true (if you connected via Access Point) or http://elrs_rx.local/?force=true (if your device has connected to your local WiFi network).

Note

The ?force=true is not needed for ESP-based receivers with factory firmware. It is only required if you have previously flashed the receiver and want to repurpose it as a VRx Backpack.

Go to the Assets section of the Backpack Release on GitHub, Download the binary suited for your VRx module. Upload this binary into the VRx device using the Web Update page. Wait (~30s) until the LED on the VRx device has turned on again.

Alternatively, you can use the ExpressLRS Configurator to create your binaries for you. Build your binary, with the set binding phrase (Optional) as well as Home Network SSID and Password (Optional; available starting 0.2.0). Upload the resulting binary on the WiFi Update page as outlined above.

Flashing via UART/FTDI

Note

This method is best used for the DIY ESP01F VRx Backpacks, as these devices do not have any firmware from the factory.

Connect your FTDI RX pin into the TX pad of your VRx Device, and the FTDI TX pin into the RX pad of the VRx Device; then the 5V and Gnd pads. The Boot pad needs to be bridged with the Ground pad. Connect your FTDI, with the connected VRx device, into a free USB port (VRx Device's LED should light up SOLID). Using the ExpressLRS Configurator, select your VRx module, select the via UART method and set your binding phrase (Optional) and the Home Network SSID and Password (Optional; Available starting 0.2.0). Click Build and Flash and the compiling and flashing should commence. If done right, the Success bar should appear and your VRx Backpack should now be ready for wiring into your selected VRx Module.

Flashing TBS Fusion for the First Time

You will need an FTDI dongle (USB to UART Bridge) to flash the VRx Backpack firmware into your TBS Fusion module for the first time. You will also have to follow the TBS Fusion WiFi Module Unbricking Guide but instead of uploading the WiFi Firmware file from TBS, you will upload the VRx Backpack Firmware that the ExpressLRS Configurator compiled from Build.

Any subsequent firmware updates can be done via WiFi.

Starting with 0.2.0, you can also Update via your Home WiFi

With your Home Network SSID and Password set, when you activate the WiFi mode via the Lua script (WiFi Connectivity -> Enabled VRx WiFi), the Backpack will try to connect to your Home WiFi Network. Once connected, you can access the Web Update page via http://elrs_vrx.local/ and upload your firmware there.

The ExpressLRS Configurator will also detect the device after it has been connected. It will be listed in the "Device List" section, and you can press SELECT, so that the correct target is automatically selected for Build.

Alternatively, you can also Build and Flash via the Configurator through WiFi without having to access the Web Update page (just like any ESP-based ExpressLRS receiver).

VRx Module Setup Before Wiring It All Up

IMPORTANT: You will need to set your VRx module to the highest band and channel it can go, usually Race 8 (5917MHz) before wiring up any VRx Backpack. This is to ensure the VRx Backpack knows "where it is" in the selectable channels.

Connecting the VRx Backpack to Your VRx Module

Currently supported VRx Modules include:

  • ImmersionRC Rapidfire
  • SkyZone SteadyView
  • Generic RX5808 Module
  • FENIX Module
  • Shark Byte RX5.1 HDZero Module

VRx Backpacks communicate with these modules via SPI, and require 3 signal lines: CLK, DATA, CS. Additionally, depending on your VRx Backpack, they will either need 5v (ExpressLRS ESP-based Receiver) or 3.3v (ESP01F module) and of course the GND line.

backpack EP

Wired

For the ESP01F Module, you will have to source out a voltage regulator such as an AMS1117 (1A Low Drop-out Voltage Regulator) which will lower the 5V voltage from the VRx module to the needed 3.3v.

ESP01f Wiring

All Wired Up

Rapidfire Backpack Connection

Follow the wiring guide below for the Rapidfire module. Make sure that the VRx module is set to R8 (5917) for this to work properly.

Rapidfire Connection

Rapidfire Backpack

The VRx Backpack fits snugly in the module bay. No further modding is needed.

Rapidfire in Bay

Rapidfire Covered

SteadyView Backpack Connection

You will need to desolder 3 pins from the module, or cut them off.

Follow the wiring shown in the image below:

Steadyview Wiring

  • The blue wire is the CLK pin (Pin 1; connected to Boot pad, if using an ExpressLRS Receiver).
  • The green wire is the DATA pin (Pin 2; connected to the RX pad, if using an ExpressLRS Receiver).
  • The yellow wire is the CS pin (Pin 3; connected to the TX pad, if using an ExpressLRS Receiver).

The power supply wires are connected as follows:

  • The black wire is GND and connected to Pin 7 of the VRx module.
  • The red wire is the 5V supply and is connected to the last Pin of the module (Pin 9).

Tidying it up

Covered up

Shark Byte RX5.1 HDZero Module Connection

The VRX has an easily accessible UART on the main board, which is accessed by removing the 4 screws which secure the backplate. Use the goggle mount to pull the backplate from the housing.

Solder your VRx backpack as shown below:

RX5.1 wiring diagram - GND-GND, TX-RX, RX-TX, 5V from the inner edge of voltage regulator "N"

It is unlikely that you can close the backplate with the backpack module between the plate and the main board. There are two solutions:

  • Route the wires out of the cooling vents and mount them externally
  • Mount the backpack in the front patch, routing the wires through the goggle mount as shown below:

RX5.1 Backpack module located behind the front patches

Generic RX5808 Connection

Make sure that your RX5808 is running in SPI mode. Then wire it up as shown below:

Generic RX5808 wiring

How to check you have updated the VRx Backpack Firmware?

Navigate to the WiFi Connectivity folder of the ExpressLRS v3 Lua script and select Enable VRx WiFi. The LED will begin blinking rapidly. Scan for Access Points and ExpressLRS VRx Backpack should appear. Connect to it and point your browser to http://10.0.0.1/.

If you have set your Home Network SSID and Password, point your browser to http://elrs_vrx.local/.

The main banner will show you what kind of device it is and the firmware version that's flashed into it.

Setup your TX Backpack

Proceed to the TX Backpack Setup section to setup your TX Backpack.

Operation

The Backpack Usage section provides further details on ExpressLRS Backpack Operation, including Binding, LED Status codes, and more.

Backpack Info

Hardware-Banner

What is a Backpack?

A Backpack is an add-on device that facilitates wireless communication between an ExpressLRS module and another device (e.g. a Video Receiver on your goggles) using the ESPnow protocol.

Backpack Comms

Communication between an ExpressLRS module and a Video Receiver

Usage Scenario

You are setting up to fly with others, and your favorite video channel is already in use. You're asked to use R2 as that's the vacant one. Using the ExpressLRS Lua script, you change the setting into R2 (this while your aircraft is still unpowered). You power up your goggles equipped with a VRX Backpack. Then plug in your aircraft. Upon the establishment of the connection, the VTX and the VRX are automatically set to R2. You're now ready to fly. No fiddling with channels on the OSD or your goggles.

Okay, I'm sold. What do I need to get this working?

You already have the majority of the hardware needed. Most of the ESP-based ExpressLRS modules come with the TX Backpack. For the VRX Backpack, you can reuse any ESP-based ExpressLRS receiver (recommended are the EP1/EP2 receivers as they have boot pads, instead of boot buttons), or for a complete DIY route, you'll need an ESP-01F module.

An off-the-shelf VRX Backpack has also appeared from Happymodel: the EP82

See the tables below for the list of supported devices:

Supported TX-Backpack Targets

TX Module Support
Happymodel ES24TX Pro ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel ES24TX ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel Slim Pro ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel Slim Ironman ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel Slim T-Lite ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel ES900TX ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel ES915TX (STM32 version) ❌ Not compatible
FrSky R9M ✔️ Supported with the addition of an ESP8285
FrSky R9 (all others) ❌ Not compatible
NamimnoRC Flash (STM32 version) ✔️ Fully supported
NamimnoRC Flash OLED(ESP version) ✔️ Fully supported
NamimnoRC Voyager (STM32 version) ✔️ Fully supported
NamimnoRC Voyager OLED(ESP version) ✔️ Fully supported
Axis Flying THOR ✔️ Fully supported
HGLRC Hermes ❌ Not compatible
BETAFPV 2.4 Micro TX 1W ✔️ Fully supported
BETAFPV 2.4 Micro TX 500mW ❌ Not compatible
BETAFPV 900 Micro TX ❌ Not compatible
Radiomaster Zorro ✔️ Fully supported
Jumper Aion T-Pro Internal ❌ Not compatible
Jumper Aion Nano ❌ Not compatible
Vantac Lite ❌ Not compatible
ImmersionRC Ghost TX ❌ Not compatible
QuadKopters 2.4 TX ❌ Not compatible
SIYI FM30 ❌ Not compatible
DIY TX ✔️ Fully supported with the addition of an ESP8285

Supported VRx-Backpack Targets

Backpack Target Compatibility Tested?
Happymodel EP1/EP2 ✔️ Compatible Yes
Happymodel ES900RX ✔️ Compatible Yes
Happymodel EP82 ✔️ Compatible Yes
BETAFPV Nano 2.4 ✔️ Compatible No
Flywoo EL24E ✔️ Compatible No
Flywoo EL24P ✔️ Compatible No
Ghost ATTO ❌ Not compatible N/A
HappyModel PP ❌ Not compatible N/A
HGLRC 2400RX ✔️ Compatible No
JHEMCU / HiYOUNGER EP24S ✔️ Compatible No
JHEMCU / HiYOUNGER SP24S ✔️ Compatible No
JHEMCU / HiYOUNGER RX24T ❓ Unsure No
Matek R24-S ✔️ Compatible No
Matek R24-D ✔️ Compatible No
Jumper Aion RX ✔️ Compatible No
Vantac 2.4GHz RX ✔️ Compatible No
Namimno Flash (ESP) ✔️ Compatible No
QuadKopters Nano ✔️ Compatible No
SIYI FR Mini ❌ Not compatible N/A

Video Receivers currently supported include:

VRX Module Support
ImmersionRC Rapidfire ✔️ Fully supported (Versions 1.2.5 of the rapidFIRE firmware and later)
SkyZone SteadyView ✔️ Fully supported
TBS Fusion ✔️ Fully supported (FTDI needed)
Generic RX5808 Module (some) ✔️ Fully supported
FENIX Module ✔️ Fully supported
HDZero VRX4 ✔️ Fully supported
HDZero Goggles (built-in, no mods required) ✔️ Fully supported

I'm Ready to Proceed. What do I do next?

If your TX module is already equipped with a TX backpack (see list above), your next step is to update the firmware of the backpack. Proceed to the TX Backpack Setup page for more details.

If you're using a DIY TX module and want to add a backpack to it, proceed to the Backpack Wiki.

For the VRX Backpack, you will need to first update the firmware on the ESP device. The firmware will highly depend on which VRX module you will use it on. Proceed to VRx Backpack Setup page for more info.

Backpack Usage

LED Status codes

  • Solid - The backpack is powered up and ready to receive packets.
  • Fast Continuous Blinking - WiFi Mode is active, and either the Access Point is ready for connection or the Backpack has connected to your Local WiFi Network (0.2.0; Home Network SSID and Password have been set).
  • Double Blink, Pause - The Backpack is in Binding Mode. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, press Bind, and the TX Backpack should bind with the VRx Backpack.

Button Operation (If present)

  • Pressing and Holding down the button during Power Up puts the device into Bootloader mode. From here, you can flash the firmware via UART using an FTDI dongle (USB to UART Bridge). The LED on the Backpack device will be SOLID when in this mode.
  • A Single Press during Normal or Binding mode will put the device into WiFi Mode.
  • A Single Press during WiFi Mode will put back the device into Normal Mode.

Binding

Just like any ExpressLRS device, you can set a Binding Phrase for both the TX Backpack and VRx Backpack so they automatically bind with each other during power up. This Binding Phrase can be the same as what you used with your other ExpressLRS devices or can be entirely different. The concept is the same.

Should you choose to bind manually, the procedure is as follows:

  1. Make sure you didn't flash the VRx firmware with a Binding Phrase.
  2. Power Cycle the VRx Backpack 3 times every ~30s. This interval gives ample time for your goggles and VRx module to power up and down more gracefully. If your VRx Backpack has a button, it can also be used to power-cycle the device by cycling between WiFi Mode and Normal mode 3x (as WiFi mode reboots the device).
  3. The LED on the Backpack should now blink twice followed by a brief pause, then repeats, indicating it is in Binding Mode.
  4. Using the ExpressLRS Lua script, navigate into the Bind option. Press it once, and the LED on both Backpacks should blink once and stay SOLID thereafter.
  5. Your Backpacks are now bound and connected, and you can now use VTX Administrator on the ExpressLRS Lua script to sync your VTX and VRx modules.

Timeouts

When in Binding Mode (Double Blink & Pause) and no Bind packets have been received within 120s, the VRx Backpack will switch into WiFi Mode. This provides the users a means to enter WiFi Mode when their VRx Backpack doesn't have a Button.

Backpack Info

Hardware-Banner

What is a Backpack?

A Backpack is an add-on device that facilitates wireless communication between an ExpressLRS module and another device (e.g. a Video Receiver on your goggles) using the ESPnow protocol.

Backpack Comms

Communication between an ExpressLRS module and a Video Receiver

Usage Scenario

You are setting up to fly with others, and your favorite video channel is already in use. You're asked to use R2 as that's the vacant one. Using the ExpressLRS Lua script, you change the setting into R2 (this while your aircraft is still unpowered). You power up your goggles equipped with a VRX Backpack. Then plug in your aircraft. Upon the establishment of the connection, the VTX and the VRX are automatically set to R2. You're now ready to fly. No fiddling with channels on the OSD or your goggles.

Okay, I'm sold. What do I need to get this working?

You already have the majority of the hardware needed. Most of the ESP-based ExpressLRS modules come with the TX Backpack. For the VRX Backpack, you can reuse any ESP-based ExpressLRS receiver (recommended are the EP1/EP2 receivers as they have boot pads, instead of boot buttons), or for a complete DIY route, you'll need an ESP-01F module.

An off-the-shelf VRX Backpack has also appeared from Happymodel: the EP82

See the tables below for the list of supported devices:

Supported TX-Backpack Targets

TX Module Support
Happymodel ES24TX Pro ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel ES24TX ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel Slim Pro ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel Slim Ironman ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel Slim T-Lite ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel ES900TX ✔️ Fully supported
Happymodel ES915TX (STM32 version) ❌ Not compatible
FrSky R9M ✔️ Supported with the addition of an ESP8285
FrSky R9 (all others) ❌ Not compatible
NamimnoRC Flash (STM32 version) ✔️ Fully supported
NamimnoRC Flash OLED(ESP version) ✔️ Fully supported
NamimnoRC Voyager (STM32 version) ✔️ Fully supported
NamimnoRC Voyager OLED(ESP version) ✔️ Fully supported
Axis Flying THOR ✔️ Fully supported
HGLRC Hermes ❌ Not compatible
BETAFPV 2.4 Micro TX 1W ✔️ Fully supported
BETAFPV 2.4 Micro TX 500mW ❌ Not compatible
BETAFPV 900 Micro TX ❌ Not compatible
Radiomaster Zorro ✔️ Fully supported
Jumper Aion T-Pro Internal ❌ Not compatible
Jumper Aion Nano ❌ Not compatible
Vantac Lite ❌ Not compatible
ImmersionRC Ghost TX ❌ Not compatible
QuadKopters 2.4 TX ❌ Not compatible
SIYI FM30 ❌ Not compatible
DIY TX ✔️ Fully supported with the addition of an ESP8285

Supported VRx-Backpack Targets

Backpack Target Compatibility Tested?
Happymodel EP1/EP2 ✔️ Compatible Yes
Happymodel ES900RX ✔️ Compatible Yes
Happymodel EP82 ✔️ Compatible Yes
BETAFPV Nano 2.4 ✔️ Compatible No
Flywoo EL24E ✔️ Compatible No
Flywoo EL24P ✔️ Compatible No
Ghost ATTO ❌ Not compatible N/A
HappyModel PP ❌ Not compatible N/A
HGLRC 2400RX ✔️ Compatible No
JHEMCU / HiYOUNGER EP24S ✔️ Compatible No
JHEMCU / HiYOUNGER SP24S ✔️ Compatible No
JHEMCU / HiYOUNGER RX24T ❓ Unsure No
Matek R24-S ✔️ Compatible No
Matek R24-D ✔️ Compatible No
Jumper Aion RX ✔️ Compatible No
Vantac 2.4GHz RX ✔️ Compatible No
Namimno Flash (ESP) ✔️ Compatible No
QuadKopters Nano ✔️ Compatible No
SIYI FR Mini ❌ Not compatible N/A

Video Receivers currently supported include:

VRX Module Support
ImmersionRC Rapidfire ✔️ Fully supported (Versions 1.2.5 of the rapidFIRE firmware and later)
SkyZone SteadyView ✔️ Fully supported
TBS Fusion ✔️ Fully supported (FTDI needed)
Generic RX5808 Module (some) ✔️ Fully supported
FENIX Module ✔️ Fully supported
HDZero VRX4 ✔️ Fully supported
HDZero Goggles (built-in, no mods required) ✔️ Fully supported

I'm Ready to Proceed. What do I do next?

If your TX module is already equipped with a TX backpack (see list above), your next step is to update the firmware of the backpack. Proceed to the TX Backpack Setup page for more details.

If you're using a DIY TX module and want to add a backpack to it, proceed to the Backpack Wiki.

For the VRX Backpack, you will need to first update the firmware on the ESP device. The firmware will highly depend on which VRX module you will use it on. Proceed to VRx Backpack Setup page for more info.

Backpack Usage

LED Status codes

  • Solid - The backpack is powered up and ready to receive packets.
  • Fast Continuous Blinking - WiFi Mode is active, and either the Access Point is ready for connection or the Backpack has connected to your Local WiFi Network (0.2.0; Home Network SSID and Password have been set).
  • Double Blink, Pause - The Backpack is in Binding Mode. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, press Bind, and the TX Backpack should bind with the VRx Backpack.

Button Operation (If present)

  • Pressing and Holding down the button during Power Up puts the device into Bootloader mode. From here, you can flash the firmware via UART using an FTDI dongle (USB to UART Bridge). The LED on the Backpack device will be SOLID when in this mode.
  • A Single Press during Normal or Binding mode will put the device into WiFi Mode.
  • A Single Press during WiFi Mode will put back the device into Normal Mode.

Binding

Just like any ExpressLRS device, you can set a Binding Phrase for both the TX Backpack and VRx Backpack so they automatically bind with each other during power up. This Binding Phrase can be the same as what you used with your other ExpressLRS devices or can be entirely different. The concept is the same.

Should you choose to bind manually, the procedure is as follows:

  1. Make sure you didn't flash the VRx firmware with a Binding Phrase.
  2. Power Cycle the VRx Backpack 3 times every ~30s. This interval gives ample time for your goggles and VRx module to power up and down more gracefully. If your VRx Backpack has a button, it can also be used to power-cycle the device by cycling between WiFi Mode and Normal mode 3x (as WiFi mode reboots the device).
  3. The LED on the Backpack should now blink twice followed by a brief pause, then repeats, indicating it is in Binding Mode.
  4. Using the ExpressLRS Lua script, navigate into the Bind option. Press it once, and the LED on both Backpacks should blink once and stay SOLID thereafter.
  5. Your Backpacks are now bound and connected, and you can now use VTX Administrator on the ExpressLRS Lua script to sync your VTX and VRx modules.

Timeouts

When in Binding Mode (Double Blink & Pause) and no Bind packets have been received within 120s, the VRx Backpack will switch into WiFi Mode. This provides the users a means to enter WiFi Mode when their VRx Backpack doesn't have a Button.

HDZero Goggle VRx Backpack

Hardware-Banner

Flashing the HDZero Goggles Backpack:

After building the VRx firmware, copy the following 4 files into a folder named ELRS on the root of the SD card: - firmware.bin - partitions.bin - bootloader.bin - boot_app0.bin

Insert the SD card into the goggles and boot the goggles as normal.

The first step is to ensure that you have the backpack enabled in the Connections page in the goggles.

Connections

Scroll down to the Firmware page and select the Update ESP32 option.

Firmware

The 4 firmware files will be flashed to the ESP32 backpack, and you should see a progress bar with the name of the current file being flashed at the start.

Uploading

When the upload has completed, the page will display the version (or branch) of backpack firmware that is installed next to the update button.

Complete

Starting Backpack WiFi

To start the WiFi endpoint on the backpack, navigate to the Connections page of the goggles UI and select the Start Backpack WiFi option. If you have configured your backpack with your home WiFi credentials, it will attempt to connect to that and will fallback to creating an access point if it cannot connect, with the name ExpressLRS VRx Backpack and password expresslrs. The web UI will be available as http://elrs_vrx or http://elrs_vrx.local.

Binding to Your Transmitter

Attention

Since the goggles have a bind button in the Connections page in the UI, the option to enter binding mode by power-cycling 3x to bind has been disabled.

If you entered the same binding phrase as on your TX module and TX backpack when building the goggle backpack firmware, your device will connect automatically. You can validate this looking at the UID next to the Start Backpack Binding button on the Connections page in the goggle UI.

If you have NOT entered your binding phrase into ExpressLRS Configurator when building your backpack firmware, you can use the Start Backpack Binding option in the Connections page in the UI. Once you have selected this option, the goggles will wait for a bind message from your transmitter. To perform the bind from the transmitter, load the ExpressLRS Lua Script on your radio handset and select the [Bind] option there. When the message is sent and the goggles have received the bind message, they should display Success in place of the button text. If they do not receive a bind message, they will timeout after 2 minutes and display a Timeout message.

You can validate the binding by navigating to the Connections page and verifying that the correct UID is displayed next to the Start Backpack Binding button.

HDZero Goggle VRx Backpack

Hardware-Banner

Flashing the HDZero Goggles Backpack:

After building the VRx firmware, copy the following 4 files into a folder named ELRS on the root of the SD card: - firmware.bin - partitions.bin - bootloader.bin - boot_app0.bin

Insert the SD card into the goggles and boot the goggles as normal.

The first step is to ensure that you have the backpack enabled in the Connections page in the goggles.

Connections

Scroll down to the Firmware page and select the Update ESP32 option.

Firmware

The 4 firmware files will be flashed to the ESP32 backpack, and you should see a progress bar with the name of the current file being flashed at the start.

Uploading

When the upload has completed, the page will display the version (or branch) of backpack firmware that is installed next to the update button.

Complete

Starting Backpack WiFi

To start the WiFi endpoint on the backpack, navigate to the Connections page of the goggles UI and select the Start Backpack WiFi option. If you have configured your backpack with your home WiFi credentials, it will attempt to connect to that and will fallback to creating an access point if it cannot connect, with the name ExpressLRS VRx Backpack and password expresslrs. The web UI will be available as http://elrs_vrx or http://elrs_vrx.local.

Binding to Your Transmitter

Attention

Since the goggles have a bind button in the Connections page in the UI, the option to enter binding mode by power-cycling 3x to bind has been disabled.

If you entered the same binding phrase as on your TX module and TX backpack when building the goggle backpack firmware, your device will connect automatically. You can validate this looking at the UID next to the Start Backpack Binding button on the Connections page in the goggle UI.

If you have NOT entered your binding phrase into ExpressLRS Configurator when building your backpack firmware, you can use the Start Backpack Binding option in the Connections page in the UI. Once you have selected this option, the goggles will wait for a bind message from your transmitter. To perform the bind from the transmitter, load the ExpressLRS Lua Script on your radio handset and select the [Bind] option there. When the message is sent and the goggles have received the bind message, they should display Success in place of the button text. If they do not receive a bind message, they will timeout after 2 minutes and display a Timeout message.

You can validate the binding by navigating to the Connections page and verifying that the correct UID is displayed next to the Start Backpack Binding button.

R9M Fan Mod

Hardware-Banner

Initially, this mod is brought to life by Niklas Voigt and Seba112PL as a beta tester and is still a work in progress.. if you have suggestions don't hesitate to contact.

DISCLAIMER

Users have experienced temperature issues on R9M that degrades the link quality. We recommend you use the lowest power setting required for your flight and turn on dynamic power at all times (ELRS v2.0+)

Hot Tip

It might seem counterintuitive, but using less power might help for longer flight times and more range by reducing the heat. ELRS does not require a lot of energy and looking at the long-range leader board

1W Mod

WARNING

With this mod your R9M is still limited to 1W

You need a 20x20mm or 25x25mm fan in 5V version. Both sizes are supported. To secure the fan into the cover you can use 2x M2 screws, a thread is already in the print. U can solder the pins of the fan directly to the 5v port of the R9M or use the Controllable Fan Mod which can control the fan out of software (fan blows only at >250mw).

R9M Fan Mod Cover is built out of four Parts and a Sticker:

Download

or from Thingiverse

Controllable Fan Mod

Additionally to the fan, you'll need one NPN Transistor (e.g. 2N4401) or N-Channel MOSFET (e.g. BS170 has built-in Shotky-Diode) and a resistor (200-3k7)

R9M2019 Build notice

The PB9 pad location on the R9M2019 module is a bit different. Please see the photo.

PB9 pad location

2W Mod

WARNING

Only do this if you are comfortable with modding hardware

In addition to the 3D printed Cover & the Controllable Fan Mod you'll need:

  • Fan + Heatsink "2507 25MM 25x25x13MM Hydraulic bearing Graphics card Cooling fan with heat sink 5V 12V m.2 SSD Fan with 2pin"
  • Thermalpad 0.5mm "1pc 100mmx100mmx0.5mm GPU Northbridge IC LED Chipset Heatsink Cooling Conductive Silicone Thermal Pad,100x100x0.5mm w/ 3.2W/M-K"

The screw heads are cut off to reduce height.

As you can see in picture 3, the 5v fan is connected to the power source of the module, so the fan is used with some overvoltage and spins with higher rpm... tested for a long time and should not be a problem for the fan. If you don't know how to allow the 2W in the firmware, don't do this mod!🤦‍♂️

Here are some makes

Hardware Selection

HW Banner

ExpressLRS is #blessed with the benefit of there being many options of transmitters and receivers available from a variety of manufacturers. This begs the question "what is the best?" There is no best option for hardware, only one that has the features you want for the price you want to pay in the size you want it. ExpressLRS does not recommend a specific brand or model, but provide the information to help you select the right ELRS hardware for your needs. The following page will list manufacturers and features to look out for on their hardware.

Note

This list will list primarily 2.4GHz hardware with 900MHz only listed in the frequency category, as 2.4GHz has become a significantly larger portion of the ELRS market.

Manufacturers

Receiver Selection

This section exists to list some common features of receivers and will give some examples of receivers with these features.

Each build is different, but these are recommended things to look for when selecting a receiver:

  • Whoops / Toothpicks / Light aircraft: Size is probably the most important feature, with a light small receiver and an onboard antenna being the best choice.
  • Racing Quads: Size is again most important. Ceramic antennas could be less easily damaged, and the reduced range of tucking them inside the frame is fine due to the short flight range. An external 2.4GHz antenna dipole is still pretty easy to fit and can be tucked away for a small improvement over the ceramic, but comes with a chance of Choppage.
  • Freestyle Quads: Minimum size is no longer an issue so Nano-sized receivers are the best bet here. An LNA is going to give you better reception behind obstacles. External antennas are a benefit as well, but you need to trade off how unobstructed the antenna will be versus getting it chopped. Diversity can be of major benefit in medium-range scenarios to prevent antenna nulls from pointing towards transmitters and carbon or concrete blocking one antenna.
  • Long Range: For sure you need an LNA, an external antenna, and a PA to extend the telemetry range. This isn't to say these are required for long range, 5km is achievable on a ceramic antenna receiver with no LNA/PA at 250Hz/100mW with a clear line of sight. Diversity can be useful for longer-range quads, to prevent carbon from blocking antennas or antenna nulls from pointing toward the transmitter in certain flight orientations. For planes without a flight controller, PWM receivers will work great. For absolute maximum range, 900MHz can do more but 2.4GHz can still do 50+km.
Frequency

ExpressLRS offers both 2.4GHz and 900MHz systems, with each only working with receivers and transmitters of the same frequency. 2.4GHz is the currently most popular frequency given its legality, features and cost. 2.4GHz links offer the fastest packet rates allowing for a more locked-in feel while piloting and still offering massive amounts of range. 900MHz is the original long-range frequency and still can be great for high wifi pollution environments with slightly better penetration.

For new users, unless you plan on flying hundreds of kilometers or in a high-noise environment we recommend 2.4GHz hardware such as:

  • Happymodel EP Series
  • Radiomaster RP Series
  • NamimnoRC Flash Series

If you have an R9 system or similar or plan on flying beyond reasonable ranges, some great 900MHz receivers include:

  • BetaFPV Nano900
  • Happymodel ES900RX
  • GEPRC Nano 900MHz
Antenna Type

Antennas are where the radio waves come and go from the receiver. ExpressLRS offers many different antenna types, with dipoles and ceramic antennas (see SMD Antennas) being the most common types of reciever antennas. In terms of range: Ceramic antenna < Mini Dipole ("Minimortal-T" style) < sleeved dipole < Half-wave Dipole. A diagram of the antennas and their sizes for the 2.4GHz band is shown below:

Unless otherwise noted, most receivers will have a U.FL/IPEX connecter which supports external antennas. Some receivers with ceramic antennas are:

  • Happymodel EP2
  • Radiomaster RP2
  • MatekSys R24-S
Diversity

Diversity improves reception compared to standard receivers by using multiple antennas. A standard receiver has a single antenna, while antenna diversity uses two antennas and a switch to route the signal from one or the other. True diversity takes it a step further by using two radio chips, each connected to a different antenna, and choosing the one with the strongest reception at any given time. This provides a level of redundancy which is particularly beneficial for flight where the antenna nulls can point towards the pilot (e.g. freestyle flight)

Some receivers with antenna diversity include:

  • Radiomaster RP3
  • Namimno Flash Diversity
  • Matek R24-D

Some receivers with true diversity include:

  • Happymodel EP1 Dual
  • BetaFPV SuperD
PWM

PWM is used for crafts that do not have flight controllers and allow for direct control of ESCs and Servos. See the page on PWM for more in-depth information on using PWM.

Some PWM receivers include:

  • MatekSys R24-P6
  • Happymodel EPW6
  • Radiomaster ER5A/C
PA/LNA

A Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) directly adds to your incoming RSSI. Typical gains are in the ballpark of +12dBm which will be observed in the RSSI as being 12dBm higher than it would have been without the LNA. This is because the LNA amplifies the incoming signal coming from the antenna before going to the RF chip, which increases the sensitivity of the receiver by boosting the incoming signal. An LNA also boosts the noise by the same amount so the sensitivity limit will likely be lower than the value quoted by the Lua.

A Power Amplifier (PA) boosts the outgoing signal strength and extends the telemetry range back to the TX. Without a PA, the power output is limited by the RF chip's max power output itself (around +13dBm 20mW). It works the same way as turning up the power output on the transmitter module, however it is not adjustable. The receiver's output can be ran at adjustable power levels given range needs. Most PAs are 20dBm/100mW, meaning the telemetry transmit power can be adjusted to 10, 25, 50 or 100mW.

Receivers with a PA/LNA will have a listed telemetry output power in dBm or mW

Some receivers with a PA & LNA are the following:

  • Radiomaster RP3 (100mW)
  • Skystars Nano SS24D (20dBm)
  • MatekSys R24-D (23dBm)
  • BetaFPV SuperD (20dBm)
Size

The FPV world shook when ELRS released receivers that were half the size of "nano" sized receivers, included the antenna onboard, and still had kilometers of range at 250Hz/100mW. A small receiver can fit in tight places, but remember that tucking a tiny receiver's ceramic antenna deep inside a stack behind carbon reduces its performance, which was already compromised by the elimination of amplifiers to make it that small. Larger ELRS receivers regain these amplifiers offering better reception and telemetry range at the cost of size and weight. The common size classes are shown below, but there are other receivers with slightly different sizes:

PP Sized Receivers (absolute smallest, lowest range regardless of antennas):

  • Happymodel EP/PP
  • Radiomaster RP
  • BetaFPV Lite

Nano Sized Receivers (medium sized, can have PA/LNA but tends to lack some features):

  • BetaFPV Nano
  • iFlight RXes
  • Namimno Flash Diversity RX
  • Axisflying Thor RX
  • Namimno Flash RX

Larger Receivers (most feature rich but also significantly larger)

  • Matek R24-D
  • Radiomaster RP3
  • BetaFPV SuperD

Transmitter Selection

This section lists out some common features of transmitters and some examples of transmitters with those features

Everyone has different needs for a transmitter but the main needs come down to size, range and integration.

Built-In Transmitters

Certain manufacturers have made handsets with built in ELRS modules, which offer tighter integration with ELRS. These can be updated through the handset as well as generally over WiFi as is standard.

Some handsets with built-in ELRS include:

  • RadioMaster TX16S ELRS
  • RadioMaster Zorro ELRS
  • BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro ELRS
  • Jumper T-Pro
  • Jumper T-Lite v2

A notable exception to this list is the iFlight Commando, which, while including a TX built into the handset is simply wired as an external module, and put within the casing. It does support an external module and notably has both 868/915MHz and 2.4GHz options available

Frequency

ExpressLRS offers both 2.4GHz and 900MHz systems, with each only working with receivers and transmitters of the same frequency. 2.4GHz is the currently most popular frequency given it's legality, features and cost. 2.4GHz links offer the fastest packet rates allowing for a more locked-in feel while piloting and still offer massive amounts of range. 900MHz is the original long range frequency and still can be great for high wifi pollution environments with slightly better penetration.

For new users unless you plan on flying hundreds of kilometers or in a high noise environment we recommend 2.4GHz hardware such as:

  • Axisflying Thor
  • RadioMaster Ranger
  • HappyModel ES24TX Pro
  • Namimno Flash

If you want to push the limits of range, a 900MHz system might fit within your needs. Some off the shelf 900MHz transmitters include:

  • Namimno Voyager
  • Happymodel ES900TX
  • BetaFPV Micro 915/868MHz
Size

Most ExpressLRS Transmitter modules fit into one of two classes - Micro and Nano. There are some exceptions that fit into multiple or have interesting features that may make them work better for your needs.

Micro modules will fit into the JR bay of a standard transmitter such as a TX16s or QX7, with some examples including:

  • RadioMaster Ranger Micro
  • Namimno Flash
  • HappyModel ES24TX

Nano modules will fit into a lite module bay such as that on a Zorro, T-Pro or X-Lite with some examples including:

  • HappyModel ES24TX Slim Pro
  • RadioMaster Ranger Nano
  • Jumper AION Nano
  • BetaFPV Nano

Some notable exceptions that can fit into multiple or very specific module bays include:

  • HappyModel ES24TX Lite - Fits onto Jumper T-Lite
  • Axisflying Thor - Has a wire system to be able to plug into any radio with a CRSF output
  • Radiomaster Ranger - includes Micro & Nano mounts and wiring for any CRSF compatible radio
Power

Most ELRS Transmitters have a 250mW or 500mW power cap, but if you need to go a bit further, a select few 1W modules exist (see the Inverse-square law for info on why 1W does not double the range over 500mW), packing that punch needed to go even further. These transmitters include large heatsinks, fans and sometimes temperature-sensing to cool the RF components. Some of these 1W transmitters are:

  • HappyModel ES24TX Pro
  • RadioMaster Ranger (Full Size, Micro and Nano all are 1W)
  • Axisflying Thor
  • BetaFPV Micro TX 1W
  • RadioMaster Boxer
  • Jumper T-Pro Internal
  • NamimnoRC Flash (both OLED & non-OLED models)
Screens

Some transmitters include a small screen that displays useful information and pairs with a small joystick to quickly change settings on the go. This can be useful when paired with handsets running firmware that does not support lua scripts. The two main types of screens are TFT and OLED:

The only transmitter with a TFT screen on the market at the moment is the Axisflying Thor TX.

Some transmitters with an OLED include:

  • Namimno Flash OLED
  • RadioMaster Ranger
  • BetaFPV Micro TX
  • Jumper AION Nano
Backpack

Most current transmitters will include a backpack, which enables communication with accessories such as a VRX allowing for tighter integration with the transmitter and drone. Transmitters with a built-in backpack include:

  • HappyModel ES24TX Pro
  • HappyModel Slim Pro
  • NamimnoRC Flash
  • AxisFlying Thor
  • RadioMaster Zorro
  • BetaFPV Micro TX 1W
Antennas

Besides handset integrated transmitters, all ELRS TX modules support many antennas so this serves as a guide to antenna types and connectors.

ELRS TX Modules have two connecters, which are visually similar - SMA and RP-SMA

These connecters mount many types of antennas which have different types of radiation patterns. The first figure depicts the types of antennas commonly sold with transmitters:

The most common antennas sold besides simple dipoles are moxons and folded dipoles, which visually look similar which helps distinguish the two:

The radiation patterns of a moxon and folded dipole are depicted below in a isotropic, lateral and top view

Bling Features

Certain transmitters have "bling features" which are less important than the other listed features. Some of these include RGB LEDS, Temperature Sensors and G Sensors.

RGB LEDs are included on many modern TXes, and also serve as a useful status indicator.

Temperature sensors are useful for higher power transmitters, to turn on the fan only when needed instead of constantly running while transmitting which reduces noise. Currently the only transmitter with this feature is the Axisflying Thor.

G Sensors/Motion sensors use a 3 axis linear accelerometer to detect the orientation of the transmitter and also can use bump to handoff for loan model. The transmitters that ship with this feature is the Axisflying Thor & RadioMaster Ranger

Hardware Selection

HW Banner

ExpressLRS is #blessed with the benefit of there being many options of transmitters and receivers available from a variety of manufacturers. This begs the question "what is the best?" There is no best option for hardware, only one that has the features you want for the price you want to pay in the size you want it. ExpressLRS does not recommend a specific brand or model, but provide the information to help you select the right ELRS hardware for your needs. The following page will list manufacturers and features to look out for on their hardware.

Note

This list will list primarily 2.4GHz hardware with 900MHz only listed in the frequency category, as 2.4GHz has become a significantly larger portion of the ELRS market.

Manufacturers

Receiver Selection

This section exists to list some common features of receivers and will give some examples of receivers with these features.

Each build is different, but these are recommended things to look for when selecting a receiver:

  • Whoops / Toothpicks / Light aircraft: Size is probably the most important feature, with a light small receiver and an onboard antenna being the best choice.
  • Racing Quads: Size is again most important. Ceramic antennas could be less easily damaged, and the reduced range of tucking them inside the frame is fine due to the short flight range. An external 2.4GHz antenna dipole is still pretty easy to fit and can be tucked away for a small improvement over the ceramic, but comes with a chance of Choppage.
  • Freestyle Quads: Minimum size is no longer an issue so Nano-sized receivers are the best bet here. An LNA is going to give you better reception behind obstacles. External antennas are a benefit as well, but you need to trade off how unobstructed the antenna will be versus getting it chopped. Diversity can be of major benefit in medium-range scenarios to prevent antenna nulls from pointing towards transmitters and carbon or concrete blocking one antenna.
  • Long Range: For sure you need an LNA, an external antenna, and a PA to extend the telemetry range. This isn't to say these are required for long range, 5km is achievable on a ceramic antenna receiver with no LNA/PA at 250Hz/100mW with a clear line of sight. Diversity can be useful for longer-range quads, to prevent carbon from blocking antennas or antenna nulls from pointing toward the transmitter in certain flight orientations. For planes without a flight controller, PWM receivers will work great. For absolute maximum range, 900MHz can do more but 2.4GHz can still do 50+km.
Frequency

ExpressLRS offers both 2.4GHz and 900MHz systems, with each only working with receivers and transmitters of the same frequency. 2.4GHz is the currently most popular frequency given its legality, features and cost. 2.4GHz links offer the fastest packet rates allowing for a more locked-in feel while piloting and still offering massive amounts of range. 900MHz is the original long-range frequency and still can be great for high wifi pollution environments with slightly better penetration.

For new users, unless you plan on flying hundreds of kilometers or in a high-noise environment we recommend 2.4GHz hardware such as:

  • Happymodel EP Series
  • Radiomaster RP Series
  • NamimnoRC Flash Series

If you have an R9 system or similar or plan on flying beyond reasonable ranges, some great 900MHz receivers include:

  • BetaFPV Nano900
  • Happymodel ES900RX
  • GEPRC Nano 900MHz
Antenna Type

Antennas are where the radio waves come and go from the receiver. ExpressLRS offers many different antenna types, with dipoles and ceramic antennas (see SMD Antennas) being the most common types of reciever antennas. In terms of range: Ceramic antenna < Mini Dipole ("Minimortal-T" style) < sleeved dipole < Half-wave Dipole. A diagram of the antennas and their sizes for the 2.4GHz band is shown below:

Unless otherwise noted, most receivers will have a U.FL/IPEX connecter which supports external antennas. Some receivers with ceramic antennas are:

  • Happymodel EP2
  • Radiomaster RP2
  • MatekSys R24-S
Diversity

Diversity improves reception compared to standard receivers by using multiple antennas. A standard receiver has a single antenna, while antenna diversity uses two antennas and a switch to route the signal from one or the other. True diversity takes it a step further by using two radio chips, each connected to a different antenna, and choosing the one with the strongest reception at any given time. This provides a level of redundancy which is particularly beneficial for flight where the antenna nulls can point towards the pilot (e.g. freestyle flight)

Some receivers with antenna diversity include:

  • Radiomaster RP3
  • Namimno Flash Diversity
  • Matek R24-D

Some receivers with true diversity include:

  • Happymodel EP1 Dual
  • BetaFPV SuperD
PWM

PWM is used for crafts that do not have flight controllers and allow for direct control of ESCs and Servos. See the page on PWM for more in-depth information on using PWM.

Some PWM receivers include:

  • MatekSys R24-P6
  • Happymodel EPW6
  • Radiomaster ER5A/C
PA/LNA

A Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) directly adds to your incoming RSSI. Typical gains are in the ballpark of +12dBm which will be observed in the RSSI as being 12dBm higher than it would have been without the LNA. This is because the LNA amplifies the incoming signal coming from the antenna before going to the RF chip, which increases the sensitivity of the receiver by boosting the incoming signal. An LNA also boosts the noise by the same amount so the sensitivity limit will likely be lower than the value quoted by the Lua.

A Power Amplifier (PA) boosts the outgoing signal strength and extends the telemetry range back to the TX. Without a PA, the power output is limited by the RF chip's max power output itself (around +13dBm 20mW). It works the same way as turning up the power output on the transmitter module, however it is not adjustable. The receiver's output can be ran at adjustable power levels given range needs. Most PAs are 20dBm/100mW, meaning the telemetry transmit power can be adjusted to 10, 25, 50 or 100mW.

Receivers with a PA/LNA will have a listed telemetry output power in dBm or mW

Some receivers with a PA & LNA are the following:

  • Radiomaster RP3 (100mW)
  • Skystars Nano SS24D (20dBm)
  • MatekSys R24-D (23dBm)
  • BetaFPV SuperD (20dBm)
Size

The FPV world shook when ELRS released receivers that were half the size of "nano" sized receivers, included the antenna onboard, and still had kilometers of range at 250Hz/100mW. A small receiver can fit in tight places, but remember that tucking a tiny receiver's ceramic antenna deep inside a stack behind carbon reduces its performance, which was already compromised by the elimination of amplifiers to make it that small. Larger ELRS receivers regain these amplifiers offering better reception and telemetry range at the cost of size and weight. The common size classes are shown below, but there are other receivers with slightly different sizes:

PP Sized Receivers (absolute smallest, lowest range regardless of antennas):

  • Happymodel EP/PP
  • Radiomaster RP
  • BetaFPV Lite

Nano Sized Receivers (medium sized, can have PA/LNA but tends to lack some features):

  • BetaFPV Nano
  • iFlight RXes
  • Namimno Flash Diversity RX
  • Axisflying Thor RX
  • Namimno Flash RX

Larger Receivers (most feature rich but also significantly larger)

  • Matek R24-D
  • Radiomaster RP3
  • BetaFPV SuperD

Transmitter Selection

This section lists out some common features of transmitters and some examples of transmitters with those features

Everyone has different needs for a transmitter but the main needs come down to size, range and integration.

Built-In Transmitters

Certain manufacturers have made handsets with built in ELRS modules, which offer tighter integration with ELRS. These can be updated through the handset as well as generally over WiFi as is standard.

Some handsets with built-in ELRS include:

  • RadioMaster TX16S ELRS
  • RadioMaster Zorro ELRS
  • BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro ELRS
  • Jumper T-Pro
  • Jumper T-Lite v2

A notable exception to this list is the iFlight Commando, which, while including a TX built into the handset is simply wired as an external module, and put within the casing. It does support an external module and notably has both 868/915MHz and 2.4GHz options available

Frequency

ExpressLRS offers both 2.4GHz and 900MHz systems, with each only working with receivers and transmitters of the same frequency. 2.4GHz is the currently most popular frequency given it's legality, features and cost. 2.4GHz links offer the fastest packet rates allowing for a more locked-in feel while piloting and still offer massive amounts of range. 900MHz is the original long range frequency and still can be great for high wifi pollution environments with slightly better penetration.

For new users unless you plan on flying hundreds of kilometers or in a high noise environment we recommend 2.4GHz hardware such as:

  • Axisflying Thor
  • RadioMaster Ranger
  • HappyModel ES24TX Pro
  • Namimno Flash

If you want to push the limits of range, a 900MHz system might fit within your needs. Some off the shelf 900MHz transmitters include:

  • Namimno Voyager
  • Happymodel ES900TX
  • BetaFPV Micro 915/868MHz
Size

Most ExpressLRS Transmitter modules fit into one of two classes - Micro and Nano. There are some exceptions that fit into multiple or have interesting features that may make them work better for your needs.

Micro modules will fit into the JR bay of a standard transmitter such as a TX16s or QX7, with some examples including:

  • RadioMaster Ranger Micro
  • Namimno Flash
  • HappyModel ES24TX

Nano modules will fit into a lite module bay such as that on a Zorro, T-Pro or X-Lite with some examples including:

  • HappyModel ES24TX Slim Pro
  • RadioMaster Ranger Nano
  • Jumper AION Nano
  • BetaFPV Nano

Some notable exceptions that can fit into multiple or very specific module bays include:

  • HappyModel ES24TX Lite - Fits onto Jumper T-Lite
  • Axisflying Thor - Has a wire system to be able to plug into any radio with a CRSF output
  • Radiomaster Ranger - includes Micro & Nano mounts and wiring for any CRSF compatible radio
Power

Most ELRS Transmitters have a 250mW or 500mW power cap, but if you need to go a bit further, a select few 1W modules exist (see the Inverse-square law for info on why 1W does not double the range over 500mW), packing that punch needed to go even further. These transmitters include large heatsinks, fans and sometimes temperature-sensing to cool the RF components. Some of these 1W transmitters are:

  • HappyModel ES24TX Pro
  • RadioMaster Ranger (Full Size, Micro and Nano all are 1W)
  • Axisflying Thor
  • BetaFPV Micro TX 1W
  • RadioMaster Boxer
  • Jumper T-Pro Internal
  • NamimnoRC Flash (both OLED & non-OLED models)
Screens

Some transmitters include a small screen that displays useful information and pairs with a small joystick to quickly change settings on the go. This can be useful when paired with handsets running firmware that does not support lua scripts. The two main types of screens are TFT and OLED:

The only transmitter with a TFT screen on the market at the moment is the Axisflying Thor TX.

Some transmitters with an OLED include:

  • Namimno Flash OLED
  • RadioMaster Ranger
  • BetaFPV Micro TX
  • Jumper AION Nano
Backpack

Most current transmitters will include a backpack, which enables communication with accessories such as a VRX allowing for tighter integration with the transmitter and drone. Transmitters with a built-in backpack include:

  • HappyModel ES24TX Pro
  • HappyModel Slim Pro
  • NamimnoRC Flash
  • AxisFlying Thor
  • RadioMaster Zorro
  • BetaFPV Micro TX 1W
Antennas

Besides handset integrated transmitters, all ELRS TX modules support many antennas so this serves as a guide to antenna types and connectors.

ELRS TX Modules have two connecters, which are visually similar - SMA and RP-SMA

These connecters mount many types of antennas which have different types of radiation patterns. The first figure depicts the types of antennas commonly sold with transmitters:

The most common antennas sold besides simple dipoles are moxons and folded dipoles, which visually look similar which helps distinguish the two:

The radiation patterns of a moxon and folded dipole are depicted below in a isotropic, lateral and top view

Bling Features

Certain transmitters have "bling features" which are less important than the other listed features. Some of these include RGB LEDS, Temperature Sensors and G Sensors.

RGB LEDs are included on many modern TXes, and also serve as a useful status indicator.

Temperature sensors are useful for higher power transmitters, to turn on the fan only when needed instead of constantly running while transmitting which reduces noise. Currently the only transmitter with this feature is the Axisflying Thor.

G Sensors/Motion sensors use a 3 axis linear accelerometer to detect the orientation of the transmitter and also can use bump to handoff for loan model. The transmitters that ship with this feature is the Axisflying Thor & RadioMaster Ranger

R9M Inverter Mod

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Overview

  • To benefit from the higher bitrate of 400 kilobits per second using OpenTX/EdgeTX you need to add a pullup resistor to the inverter of the serial port on the R9M 2018🗻🆙
  • Strongly suggested being done for anybody looking for higher than standard packet rates using ExpressLRS 🔮

Identification

⚠️ This is only required for the 2018 version of the module which has a ACCST logo on the case 🔍

Modification

Easy - connect a 300Ω to 1000Ω resistor between the 3.3V and inverter pin as shown in the picture 👧

Transmitter Notes

Some Radios/Transmitters will require the Inverter/Crossfire Mod depending on the Baud Rate you want to use or you can use.

Radio Baud Rate Inverter/Crossfire Mod R9M ACCST MOD Other Notes
X9D 400000 Not Needed Required See Troubleshooting
X10S Express 400000 Not Needed Required -
X10S 400000 Required. Modding Guide. Required -
X12 400000 Required. Modding Guide. Required -
QX7 400000 Required. Modding Guide. Required See Troubleshooting
QX7 115200 Not Needed Not Needed Max Packet Rate supported is 250Hz
Others 400000+ Not Needed Required TX16S, TX12, T16/T18, etc

ACCESS radios don't need the Inverter/Crossfire mod.

R9M Inverter Mod

HW Banner

Overview

  • To benefit from the higher bitrate of 400 kilobits per second using OpenTX/EdgeTX you need to add a pullup resistor to the inverter of the serial port on the R9M 2018🗻🆙
  • Strongly suggested being done for anybody looking for higher than standard packet rates using ExpressLRS 🔮

Identification

⚠️ This is only required for the 2018 version of the module which has a ACCST logo on the case 🔍

Modification

Easy - connect a 300Ω to 1000Ω resistor between the 3.3V and inverter pin as shown in the picture 👧

Transmitter Notes

Some Radios/Transmitters will require the Inverter/Crossfire Mod depending on the Baud Rate you want to use or you can use.

Radio Baud Rate Inverter/Crossfire Mod R9M ACCST MOD Other Notes
X9D 400000 Not Needed Required See Troubleshooting
X10S Express 400000 Not Needed Required -
X10S 400000 Required. Modding Guide. Required -
X12 400000 Required. Modding Guide. Required -
QX7 400000 Required. Modding Guide. Required See Troubleshooting
QX7 115200 Not Needed Not Needed Max Packet Rate supported is 250Hz
Others 400000+ Not Needed Required TX16S, TX12, T16/T18, etc

ACCESS radios don't need the Inverter/Crossfire mod.

PWM Receivers

HW Banner

ExpressLRS now supports direct PWM output from receivers. This documentation refers to only receivers with native PWM output, not receivers attached to external CRSF to PWM converters such as the CRServoF or Matek CRSF-PWM-C.

Channel Mapping and Failsafe

The default channel mapping is straight through: CH1 from the TX goes to PWM Output 1, CH2 to Output 2, etc. To change this on ESP-based receivers, allow the receiver to go into WiFi mode then use the WebUI to configure the mapping. Any input channel can be mapped to any output channel, and the same input can be used for as many outputs as desired. AUX1/CH5 is always 1-bit, so you'll likely want to change this mapping to a channel with more resolution.

default PWM Output webui

PWM Output WebUI

Failsafe values are set using this UI as well with values that can range from 988us to 2012us. Failsafe is entered if the receiver is connected and 1 second passes without a valid channels packet being received. On startup, no pulses are generated until a transmitter connects, allowing ESC throttle calibration with the standard "raise the throttle before connecting" method. The default failsafe value is 1500us for all channels except Output 3, which defaults to 988us.

Channel Resolution

PWM output is still subject to the resolution of the ELRS protocol, which means by default there are still only 4x full resolution channels (10-bit CH1-CH4) and 8x switch channels (CH5-CH12). For the best resolution on the switch channels, use Switch Mode: Wide and a TLM Ratio of 1:8 to 1:256 for 7-bit (128 pos) switch channel resolution. Higher TLM Ratios (1:2 and 1:4) are reduced to 6-bit (64 pos) resolution. Remember that switch channels are sent one per packet in Wide mode, taking 8 packets to send all 7 channels (e.g. 150Hz mode 1:64 = 18.657Hz updates to CH6-CH12). AUX1/CH5 is sent in every packet in all switch modes but is only 1-bit (2-pos). See Switch Configs for more information.

Full-Resolution Switch Modes

ELRS v3 now supports full-res switch modes, which provide 8, 12, or 16 full-resolution (10-bit) channels at 100Hz (900MHz and 2.4GHz) or 333Hz (2.4GHz only). For PWM receivers with more than 4 channels, it is recommended that you use one of the full-res modes for best performance.

Supported Output Modes

ELRS receivers support the following PWM output modes: * PWM output frequencies: 50Hz, 60Hz, 100Hz, 160Hz, 333Hz, 400Hz * 10kHz Duty Cycle 0-100% PWM (e.g. for driving a brushed motor FET) * Binary On/Off (High/Low signal output) * DSHOT300 (for driving brushless motor ESCs; ESP32-based receivers only)

Serial Output

PWM receivers can also output any supported serial protocol, such as CRSF or SBUS. Select the desired output protocol using the ELRS lua, or on the Model tab in the receiver's WebUI. The default pins used for serial output vary by receiver. If your receiver has a dedicated serial port (e.g. RadioMaster ER6, ER8, ER8G(V)), serial output will be over this port. Otherwise, check the Model tab in the receiver's WebUI to see which pins can be mapped to Serial TX and RX (usually Ch2 and Ch3).

RadioMaster ER6 Serial Output

JST-GH Serial Port on RadioMaster ER6 PWM Receiver

Advanced Output Mapping

Advanced users can remap serial, I2C, and PWM outputs to any available pin using the hardware.html page in the receiver's WebUI. Please ask on the ELRS Discord if you need help configuring non-standard receiver output mapping.

PWM Receivers

HW Banner

ExpressLRS now supports direct PWM output from receivers. This documentation refers to only receivers with native PWM output, not receivers attached to external CRSF to PWM converters such as the CRServoF or Matek CRSF-PWM-C.

Channel Mapping and Failsafe

The default channel mapping is straight through: CH1 from the TX goes to PWM Output 1, CH2 to Output 2, etc. To change this on ESP-based receivers, allow the receiver to go into WiFi mode then use the WebUI to configure the mapping. Any input channel can be mapped to any output channel, and the same input can be used for as many outputs as desired. AUX1/CH5 is always 1-bit, so you'll likely want to change this mapping to a channel with more resolution.

default PWM Output webui

PWM Output WebUI

Failsafe values are set using this UI as well with values that can range from 988us to 2012us. Failsafe is entered if the receiver is connected and 1 second passes without a valid channels packet being received. On startup, no pulses are generated until a transmitter connects, allowing ESC throttle calibration with the standard "raise the throttle before connecting" method. The default failsafe value is 1500us for all channels except Output 3, which defaults to 988us.

Channel Resolution

PWM output is still subject to the resolution of the ELRS protocol, which means by default there are still only 4x full resolution channels (10-bit CH1-CH4) and 8x switch channels (CH5-CH12). For the best resolution on the switch channels, use Switch Mode: Wide and a TLM Ratio of 1:8 to 1:256 for 7-bit (128 pos) switch channel resolution. Higher TLM Ratios (1:2 and 1:4) are reduced to 6-bit (64 pos) resolution. Remember that switch channels are sent one per packet in Wide mode, taking 8 packets to send all 7 channels (e.g. 150Hz mode 1:64 = 18.657Hz updates to CH6-CH12). AUX1/CH5 is sent in every packet in all switch modes but is only 1-bit (2-pos). See Switch Configs for more information.

Full-Resolution Switch Modes

ELRS v3 now supports full-res switch modes, which provide 8, 12, or 16 full-resolution (10-bit) channels at 100Hz (900MHz and 2.4GHz) or 333Hz (2.4GHz only). For PWM receivers with more than 4 channels, it is recommended that you use one of the full-res modes for best performance.

Supported Output Modes

ELRS receivers support the following PWM output modes: * PWM output frequencies: 50Hz, 60Hz, 100Hz, 160Hz, 333Hz, 400Hz * 10kHz Duty Cycle 0-100% PWM (e.g. for driving a brushed motor FET) * Binary On/Off (High/Low signal output) * DSHOT300 (for driving brushless motor ESCs; ESP32-based receivers only)

Serial Output

PWM receivers can also output any supported serial protocol, such as CRSF or SBUS. Select the desired output protocol using the ELRS lua, or on the Model tab in the receiver's WebUI. The default pins used for serial output vary by receiver. If your receiver has a dedicated serial port (e.g. RadioMaster ER6, ER8, ER8G(V)), serial output will be over this port. Otherwise, check the Model tab in the receiver's WebUI to see which pins can be mapped to Serial TX and RX (usually Ch2 and Ch3).

RadioMaster ER6 Serial Output

JST-GH Serial Port on RadioMaster ER6 PWM Receiver

Advanced Output Mapping

Advanced users can remap serial, I2C, and PWM outputs to any available pin using the hardware.html page in the receiver's WebUI. Please ask on the ELRS Discord if you need help configuring non-standard receiver output mapping.

SMD Antenna

HW Banner

Overview

Have you ever been frustrated that you can't finish a race because your receiver antenna got chopped?
Have you ever wished you could build a quad without worrying about how to mount your antenna?
If so, the SMD Antenna is for you!

SMD Antenna

This perky little fellow is worse at receiving signals than his snaky brothers, but don't let that deter you! Because of the amazing range of ExpressLRS, he still gets all the range a racer could ever need. The SMD Antenna is available now on Happymodel PP/EP hardware and other 2.4GHz receivers. Take a look at the videos below to see what Mr. SMD can do for you.

Range Tests

Maintenance

Note

The antenna is sort of fragile and can break off or be melted by a stray soldering iron. If this happens, you can save your receiver by soldering a U.FL/IPEX1 connector onto the pads as shown here. Just make sure the center pin has continuity with the filter at the other end of the trace, and no continuity with the ground.

Conversely, the SMD antenna can be soldered to regular U.FL footprints if you're brave.

SMD Antenna

HW Banner

Overview

Have you ever been frustrated that you can't finish a race because your receiver antenna got chopped?
Have you ever wished you could build a quad without worrying about how to mount your antenna?
If so, the SMD Antenna is for you!

SMD Antenna

This perky little fellow is worse at receiving signals than his snaky brothers, but don't let that deter you! Because of the amazing range of ExpressLRS, he still gets all the range a racer could ever need. The SMD Antenna is available now on Happymodel PP/EP hardware and other 2.4GHz receivers. Take a look at the videos below to see what Mr. SMD can do for you.

Range Tests

Maintenance

Note

The antenna is sort of fragile and can break off or be melted by a stray soldering iron. If this happens, you can save your receiver by soldering a U.FL/IPEX1 connector onto the pads as shown here. Just make sure the center pin has continuity with the filter at the other end of the trace, and no continuity with the ground.

Conversely, the SMD antenna can be soldered to regular U.FL footprints if you're brave.

DIY Receiver

Hardware-Banner

Custom Hardware

Possibly one of the biggest benefits of using ExpressLRS is custom hardware!

Custom ESP 2.4 GHz RX

2.4 GHz 20x20

  • 20x20 footprint and uses 0805 size SMD components. SMD components have been positioned on the PCB in a soldering iron friendly way. 🚸

2.4 GHz Nano

  • The ELRS Nano RX is 18mm x 11mm and uses the same pinout as the Crossfire Nano RX. This allows for direct mounting to compatible flight controllers. ⚠️ This PCB uses 0402 SMD components and will require a hot air rework station and probably a microscope. 🔬

Custom ESP 900 MHz RX

Mini_Rx_v0.1

20x20_RX_0805_SMD

Esp 01f

  • Uses the ESP-01F for WiFi and a RFM95 for our business 🕴️
  • Requires ordering PCBs from Gerber files, a regulator chip, a few passives, a ESP-01F and a RFM95 (915/868MHz)
  • Multiple RX PCB designs are available ✅
    • 20x20 RX - discrete SMD antenna for Wifi and RF directly soldered to PCB
      • Target DIY_900_RX_ESP8285_SX127x_via_UART
    • 20x20 RX 0805 - easier to build due to bigger SMD parts. PCB antenna for Wifi and u.fl connector for RF
    • Mini RX - the smallest form factor, lightest weight and lowest cost per PCB
  • If you need help soldering, please check out this video

Flashing Custom RX

Before you start

  • The steps for building are in each individual README.md for the RX of your choice
  • If you are using an ESP-12F instead of ESP-01F it is recommended to follow [this tutorial but use the appropriate RX target 🧑‍🏫

Get it flashed

  • Connect the serial adapter to GND, TX, RX, and the appropriate 3V3 or 5V.
  • Additionally, connect IO0 to GND to activate the bootloader and enable flashing
  • Quite some serial adapters have TX and RX swapped, mislabeled, or both 😸. Please double-check!
  • Finally, select the appropriate RX target, make sure your user defines are correct, and press Upload in platformio

DIY Receiver

Hardware-Banner

Custom Hardware

Possibly one of the biggest benefits of using ExpressLRS is custom hardware!

Custom ESP 2.4 GHz RX

2.4 GHz 20x20

  • 20x20 footprint and uses 0805 size SMD components. SMD components have been positioned on the PCB in a soldering iron friendly way. 🚸

2.4 GHz Nano

  • The ELRS Nano RX is 18mm x 11mm and uses the same pinout as the Crossfire Nano RX. This allows for direct mounting to compatible flight controllers. ⚠️ This PCB uses 0402 SMD components and will require a hot air rework station and probably a microscope. 🔬

Custom ESP 900 MHz RX

Mini_Rx_v0.1

20x20_RX_0805_SMD

Esp 01f

  • Uses the ESP-01F for WiFi and a RFM95 for our business 🕴️
  • Requires ordering PCBs from Gerber files, a regulator chip, a few passives, a ESP-01F and a RFM95 (915/868MHz)
  • Multiple RX PCB designs are available ✅
    • 20x20 RX - discrete SMD antenna for Wifi and RF directly soldered to PCB
      • Target DIY_900_RX_ESP8285_SX127x_via_UART
    • 20x20 RX 0805 - easier to build due to bigger SMD parts. PCB antenna for Wifi and u.fl connector for RF
    • Mini RX - the smallest form factor, lightest weight and lowest cost per PCB
  • If you need help soldering, please check out this video

Flashing Custom RX

Before you start

  • The steps for building are in each individual README.md for the RX of your choice
  • If you are using an ESP-12F instead of ESP-01F it is recommended to follow [this tutorial but use the appropriate RX target 🧑‍🏫

Get it flashed

  • Connect the serial adapter to GND, TX, RX, and the appropriate 3V3 or 5V.
  • Additionally, connect IO0 to GND to activate the bootloader and enable flashing
  • Quite some serial adapters have TX and RX swapped, mislabeled, or both 😸. Please double-check!
  • Finally, select the appropriate RX target, make sure your user defines are correct, and press Upload in platformio

DIY Transmitter

Hardware-Banner

Custom Hardware

Possibly one of the biggest benefits of using ExpressLRS is custom hardware!

Custom ESP 2.4 GHz TX (for JR module bay)

All of the info on this topic can be found here

Custom Super Slim ESP 2.4 GHz TX (for lite module bay)

The super slim is an evolution of the slim. It uses the same base hardware as the JR size one. It's the same size as an R9M Lite, and fits in all handsets with a lite module bay such as the X-Lite, X9 Lite, and Tango 2 (with the proper adapter). The rest of the info can be found here

Custom 900 MHz TX (not built anymore)

In the beginning, 900 MHz transmitters were sometimes built DIY. Today they're not. If you have one, the max output power defaults to 100mW, but with UNLOCK_HIGHER_POWER, that can be increased to 250mW.

DIY Transmitter

Hardware-Banner

Custom Hardware

Possibly one of the biggest benefits of using ExpressLRS is custom hardware!

Custom ESP 2.4 GHz TX (for JR module bay)

All of the info on this topic can be found here

Custom Super Slim ESP 2.4 GHz TX (for lite module bay)

The super slim is an evolution of the slim. It uses the same base hardware as the JR size one. It's the same size as an R9M Lite, and fits in all handsets with a lite module bay such as the X-Lite, X9 Lite, and Tango 2 (with the proper adapter). The rest of the info can be found here

Custom 900 MHz TX (not built anymore)

In the beginning, 900 MHz transmitters were sometimes built DIY. Today they're not. If you have one, the max output power defaults to 100mW, but with UNLOCK_HIGHER_POWER, that can be increased to 250mW.

Nuclear Targets

HW Banner

Nuclear RX

Overview

The Nuclear RX is designed to be as small as possible, using the same software target as the DIY Nano RX, and assembled by JLCPCB. It uses the 2400MHz band and the ExpressLRS firmware.

Features

When you get your Nuclear RX, it will likely be on the latest release firmware. You'll probably have to update it to work with your TX. To update, follow the steps in the Wi-Fi updating page. Alternatively, you can use betaflight passthrough should work, but the boot jumper must be bridged while applying power to the RX.

When building, use one of the DIY_2400_RX_ESP8285_SX1280_via_X targets. To use via_wifi, put your RX in binding mode, connect your computer to the RX's Wi-Fi, and hit upload.

LED Status
Blinking Slowly Waiting for Connection
Fast Double Blink Binding Mode
Super Fast Blink Wi-Fi Updating Mode
Solid On Connected

If for some reason the RX needs to be in boot mode, bridge the jumpers as shown here:

Nuclear TX

Overview

The Nuclear TX is designed to be the same size as a FrSky slim module and use the same software target as the DIY Slim TX. It uses the 2400MHz band and the ExpressLRS firmware. There is also a case that fits a full size JR module bay with the same PCB.

Before Flight

If you ordered a Nuclear TX that wasn't fully assembled, these steps should help you finish it.

The latest version of the Nuclear TX STL files can be found here. Print the pieces in the orientation in the image and use support. Tree support in Cura works great. Keep in mind that PLA may melt if left in a hot car or in direct sunlight.

Assemble

Slap it together as seen below. Solder the wires to the pin header in the order in the picture, then slide it in from the outside. The header should press in with a little force. Add some glue on the inside to keep it from sliding out when removing it from your handset. Put the SMA pigtail in the hole in the top and screw it down. Use a wrench to make sure it doesn't come loose when you screw on your antenna. Plug the U.FL into the module and route it under, and loop up around the side.

Upload firmware

When you get your Nuclear RX, it will likely be on the latest release firmware. You'll probably have to update it to work with the RX you have. To update, follow the steps in the Wi-Fi updating page. If your transmitter module ever becomes bricked from a bad upload, connect it with a serial adapter as shown here. MAKE SURE THE ADAPTER IS SET TO 3.3V; 5V WILL KILL THE MODULE! Use tweezers or solder to bridge the boot jumper while you power on the module to put it in boot mode. Use the target DIY_2400_TX_ESP32_SX1280_E28_via_UART.

Note

The version of the boards with the 6-pad layout for programming has the TX and RX named backward. The actual order of the pins is TX, RX, 3V3, GND, GND.

Nuclear Targets

HW Banner

Nuclear RX

Overview

The Nuclear RX is designed to be as small as possible, using the same software target as the DIY Nano RX, and assembled by JLCPCB. It uses the 2400MHz band and the ExpressLRS firmware.

Features

When you get your Nuclear RX, it will likely be on the latest release firmware. You'll probably have to update it to work with your TX. To update, follow the steps in the Wi-Fi updating page. Alternatively, you can use betaflight passthrough should work, but the boot jumper must be bridged while applying power to the RX.

When building, use one of the DIY_2400_RX_ESP8285_SX1280_via_X targets. To use via_wifi, put your RX in binding mode, connect your computer to the RX's Wi-Fi, and hit upload.

LED Status
Blinking Slowly Waiting for Connection
Fast Double Blink Binding Mode
Super Fast Blink Wi-Fi Updating Mode
Solid On Connected

If for some reason the RX needs to be in boot mode, bridge the jumpers as shown here:

Nuclear TX

Overview

The Nuclear TX is designed to be the same size as a FrSky slim module and use the same software target as the DIY Slim TX. It uses the 2400MHz band and the ExpressLRS firmware. There is also a case that fits a full size JR module bay with the same PCB.

Before Flight

If you ordered a Nuclear TX that wasn't fully assembled, these steps should help you finish it.

The latest version of the Nuclear TX STL files can be found here. Print the pieces in the orientation in the image and use support. Tree support in Cura works great. Keep in mind that PLA may melt if left in a hot car or in direct sunlight.

Assemble

Slap it together as seen below. Solder the wires to the pin header in the order in the picture, then slide it in from the outside. The header should press in with a little force. Add some glue on the inside to keep it from sliding out when removing it from your handset. Put the SMA pigtail in the hole in the top and screw it down. Use a wrench to make sure it doesn't come loose when you screw on your antenna. Plug the U.FL into the module and route it under, and loop up around the side.

Upload firmware

When you get your Nuclear RX, it will likely be on the latest release firmware. You'll probably have to update it to work with the RX you have. To update, follow the steps in the Wi-Fi updating page. If your transmitter module ever becomes bricked from a bad upload, connect it with a serial adapter as shown here. MAKE SURE THE ADAPTER IS SET TO 3.3V; 5V WILL KILL THE MODULE! Use tweezers or solder to bridge the boot jumper while you power on the module to put it in boot mode. Use the target DIY_2400_TX_ESP32_SX1280_E28_via_UART.

Note

The version of the boards with the 6-pad layout for programming has the TX and RX named backward. The actual order of the pins is TX, RX, 3V3, GND, GND.

Troubleshooting the X9D(+)

Hardware-Banner

For quite some time we had the impression that the X9D(+) radio works well with the high baud rates, needed for ExpressLRS. However, some users report it's not working as it should with ExpressLRS. For example:

  • ExpressLRS Lua script just shows Loading...
  • ExpressLRS Lua script shows unstable behavior, especially on the higher packet rates, showing values different from 0/[SELECTED PACKET RATE]
  • Constant Telemetry Lost/Telemetry Recovered Notification.

Potential Problem

It is possible that the X9D(+) radio also suffers from a slow inverter circuit that messes up the 400000 baud UART signals.

As you may know, for the Taranis QX7(S) you can do the Crossfire inverter mod or select a lower baud rate in the Hardware menu (Page 6/7) of OpenTX to fix the issue.

Troubleshoot

Well, the final verdict is not out yet, but the following may help to resolve the issue:

  • Do a hardware mod as well on your X9D(+) as you can read all about here in PR# 59 for EdgeTX. This requires changing the 10k resistor R82 to a 1k resistor.
  • Download a OneBit_Status firmware using this OpenTX version, based on OpenTX(2.3.12 or 2.3.14) and enable ONEBIT Sample Mode (System Menu -> Hardware). One Bit Sample Mode is also available on EdgeTX.

Sample Mode: Normal

Sample Mode: OneBit
  • Select 115200 baud using the above OpenTX version. (ExpressLRS will lock you out of 500Hz packet rate with 2.4GHz, but any packet rate below that should be stable now.)

The nice thing about the OpenTX build above is that it also adds two additional Sync lines to show the current OpenTX/UART behavior. This will show in your Model Setup (Page 2/11) where you select the external module type (where you selected CRSF to enable ELRS):

  • The first Sync line shows something like L00002R04000u. L and R indicate the microseconds of Lag and Rate.
    • The L is how much OpenTX is trying to compensate to nail the rate you selected. (The closer to 0 the better)
    • The R is just the Packet Rate you selected using the ExpressLRS Lua script.
  • The second Sync line shows something like G11 C00 F00. This stand for G (good packets), C (CRC error), F (Framing error). The goal is to have zero errors here. (Don't forget to power your receiver so a link is established!)

If this has helped you in any way (good or bad) with your X9D(+) radio, let us know on the ExpressLRS discord!

Troubleshooting the X9D(+)

Hardware-Banner

For quite some time we had the impression that the X9D(+) radio works well with the high baud rates, needed for ExpressLRS. However, some users report it's not working as it should with ExpressLRS. For example:

  • ExpressLRS Lua script just shows Loading...
  • ExpressLRS Lua script shows unstable behavior, especially on the higher packet rates, showing values different from 0/[SELECTED PACKET RATE]
  • Constant Telemetry Lost/Telemetry Recovered Notification.

Potential Problem

It is possible that the X9D(+) radio also suffers from a slow inverter circuit that messes up the 400000 baud UART signals.

As you may know, for the Taranis QX7(S) you can do the Crossfire inverter mod or select a lower baud rate in the Hardware menu (Page 6/7) of OpenTX to fix the issue.

Troubleshoot

Well, the final verdict is not out yet, but the following may help to resolve the issue:

  • Do a hardware mod as well on your X9D(+) as you can read all about here in PR# 59 for EdgeTX. This requires changing the 10k resistor R82 to a 1k resistor.
  • Download a OneBit_Status firmware using this OpenTX version, based on OpenTX(2.3.12 or 2.3.14) and enable ONEBIT Sample Mode (System Menu -> Hardware). One Bit Sample Mode is also available on EdgeTX.

Sample Mode: Normal

Sample Mode: OneBit
  • Select 115200 baud using the above OpenTX version. (ExpressLRS will lock you out of 500Hz packet rate with 2.4GHz, but any packet rate below that should be stable now.)

The nice thing about the OpenTX build above is that it also adds two additional Sync lines to show the current OpenTX/UART behavior. This will show in your Model Setup (Page 2/11) where you select the external module type (where you selected CRSF to enable ELRS):

  • The first Sync line shows something like L00002R04000u. L and R indicate the microseconds of Lag and Rate.
    • The L is how much OpenTX is trying to compensate to nail the rate you selected. (The closer to 0 the better)
    • The R is just the Packet Rate you selected using the ExpressLRS Lua script.
  • The second Sync line shows something like G11 C00 F00. This stand for G (good packets), C (CRC error), F (Framing error). The goal is to have zero errors here. (Don't forget to power your receiver so a link is established!)

If this has helped you in any way (good or bad) with your X9D(+) radio, let us know on the ExpressLRS discord!

Advance Technical Info

Info Banner

This page explain the more technical side for debugging things yourself.

LUA Status

In normal state, the top right corner of the LUA will display - or C for RX connection status. in Warning or Critical Warning, the top right corner of the LUA will display a number to debug. As the LUA title will only show the current most critical warning only.

Converting the number on the top right corner to bits, you can decode the on going warnings.

Bit Status Solution
0 RX connection status connect a RX with TLM ratio other than Off
1 Reserved Status
2 Model Mismatch Warning set ModelMatch to Off or Select/Set the correct Model ID
3 Armed Status LUA should be closed to maximize sent Stick Command
4 Reserved Warning
5 Not While Connected Do not change this parameter when connected to a RX
6 Reserved Critical Warning
7 Reserved Critical Warning

DEBUG Logging

Defines Description
-DDEBUG_LOG Turn on debug messages, if disabled then all debugging options (starting with DEBUG_) are disabled
-DDEBUG_LOG_VERBOSE Use DEBUG_LOG_VERBOSE instead (or both) to see verbose debug logging (spammy stuff)
-DDEBUG_RX_SCOREBOARD Print a letter for each packet received or missed (RX debugging)
-DDEBUG_CRSF_NO_OUTPUT Don't send RC msgs over UART
-DDEBUG_BF_LINK_STATS These debugging options send extra information to Betaflight in the LinkStatistics packet

Advance Technical Info

Info Banner

This page explain the more technical side for debugging things yourself.

LUA Status

In normal state, the top right corner of the LUA will display - or C for RX connection status. in Warning or Critical Warning, the top right corner of the LUA will display a number to debug. As the LUA title will only show the current most critical warning only.

Converting the number on the top right corner to bits, you can decode the on going warnings.

Bit Status Solution
0 RX connection status connect a RX with TLM ratio other than Off
1 Reserved Status
2 Model Mismatch Warning set ModelMatch to Off or Select/Set the correct Model ID
3 Armed Status LUA should be closed to maximize sent Stick Command
4 Reserved Warning
5 Not While Connected Do not change this parameter when connected to a RX
6 Reserved Critical Warning
7 Reserved Critical Warning

DEBUG Logging

Defines Description
-DDEBUG_LOG Turn on debug messages, if disabled then all debugging options (starting with DEBUG_) are disabled
-DDEBUG_LOG_VERBOSE Use DEBUG_LOG_VERBOSE instead (or both) to see verbose debug logging (spammy stuff)
-DDEBUG_RX_SCOREBOARD Print a letter for each packet received or missed (RX debugging)
-DDEBUG_CRSF_NO_OUTPUT Don't send RC msgs over UART
-DDEBUG_BF_LINK_STATS These debugging options send extra information to Betaflight in the LinkStatistics packet

Glossary

Info Banner

Technical words with explanations

Below you can find a list of terms you might not be sure about, as well as some common abbreviations:

  • BL: Bootloader, loads the FW
  • CRSF: TBS Crossfire, more specifically in our case most often referring to the communication protocol between TX and TX module and RX and FC respectively
  • ESC: Electronic Speed Controller
  • FC: Flight Controller
  • FW: Firmware
  • LQ: Link Quality, percentage of expected packets received. Our preferred method of measuring the quality of the control link
  • Lua: Means "Moon" in Portuguese. As such, Lua is the correct way to write and not all uppercase. The ExpressLRS Lua script can be installed on a OpenTX radio, to easily alter TX parameters like Packet rate, Telemetry ratio and Output power. But also shows if the radio (OpenTX) is communicating correctly with the module. ( e.g. 0:50, 0:150, 0:200 and so on.)
  • MCU: Micro Controller Unit, generally denotes an embedded system controller as opposed to big iron CPU
  • OSD: On Screen Display, refer to this page for instructions for setup in BF
  • OTA: Update your device Over The Air (WiFi)
  • OTX: OpenTX
  • RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator, "arbitrary" scaled version of RSSI dBm or LQ. Signal Health: LQI and RSSI Explained
  • RSSI dBm: Measure of power level measured in dBm. Basically, how strong the signal being received is
  • S.Port: SmartPort, sometimes referred to as sport. FrSky "telemetry" protocol. The S.Port also gets used for updating FrSky receivers.

To be continued.

Glossary

Info Banner

Technical words with explanations

Below you can find a list of terms you might not be sure about, as well as some common abbreviations:

  • BL: Bootloader, loads the FW
  • CRSF: TBS Crossfire, more specifically in our case most often referring to the communication protocol between TX and TX module and RX and FC respectively
  • ESC: Electronic Speed Controller
  • FC: Flight Controller
  • FW: Firmware
  • LQ: Link Quality, percentage of expected packets received. Our preferred method of measuring the quality of the control link
  • Lua: Means "Moon" in Portuguese. As such, Lua is the correct way to write and not all uppercase. The ExpressLRS Lua script can be installed on a OpenTX radio, to easily alter TX parameters like Packet rate, Telemetry ratio and Output power. But also shows if the radio (OpenTX) is communicating correctly with the module. ( e.g. 0:50, 0:150, 0:200 and so on.)
  • MCU: Micro Controller Unit, generally denotes an embedded system controller as opposed to big iron CPU
  • OSD: On Screen Display, refer to this page for instructions for setup in BF
  • OTA: Update your device Over The Air (WiFi)
  • OTX: OpenTX
  • RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator, "arbitrary" scaled version of RSSI dBm or LQ. Signal Health: LQI and RSSI Explained
  • RSSI dBm: Measure of power level measured in dBm. Basically, how strong the signal being received is
  • S.Port: SmartPort, sometimes referred to as sport. FrSky "telemetry" protocol. The S.Port also gets used for updating FrSky receivers.

To be continued.

Licenses

Info Banner

The ExpressLRS project and ExpressLRS Configurator, including this website, are licensed under GNU General Public License v3.0 license.

Specific licensing info for each project can be found in its GitHub Repositories, including, but not limited to:

Third-party logos may be subject to third-party copyrights and trademarks and are not available under the same license as the rest of the ExpressLRS.org website.

If you have a specific question or concern about the ExpressLRS project or any of its associated projects are licensed, please contact the ExpressLRS via info@expresslrs.org.

Licenses

Info Banner

The ExpressLRS project and ExpressLRS Configurator, including this website, are licensed under GNU General Public License v3.0 license.

Specific licensing info for each project can be found in its GitHub Repositories, including, but not limited to:

Third-party logos may be subject to third-party copyrights and trademarks and are not available under the same license as the rest of the ExpressLRS.org website.

If you have a specific question or concern about the ExpressLRS project or any of its associated projects are licensed, please contact the ExpressLRS via info@expresslrs.org.

Long Range Competition

FAQ-Banner

One of the most frequently asked questions that are asked by people who are interested in, but haven't yet tried ELRS is "How far does it go, and at what power level?"

The following table is a leaderboard of the current record holder for each packet rate, and the longest distance from home. Note that not every flight resulted in a failsafe at max range, so the link could go further in some cases. The leaderboard is grouped into 2 tables, each with 2 sub-tables. The 2 tables are the frequency of the link used (either 2.4GHz or 900MHz), subdivided into two power levels (50mW or less, 100mW+). This aims to give a sense of how well ELRS performs even at lower power and also demonstrate how far it can be pushed out at higher power levels. Each frequency will have a maximum of 20 entries, so get up there!

To enter, press the pencil in the upper left corner of this page, and enter your record's info into the table, sorted by distance, and then PR it into the docs repo.

Rules

Anyone can add an entry to the table, and entries should include the:

  • Max distance from home
  • RF freq (900 / 2.4)
  • Packet rate
  • Power level
  • If the link failsafed at max range
  • The pilot name
  • A link to your DVR on youtube

2.4 GHz Rankings

50mW or less

Max Dist. Freq Pkt Rate TX Power Type Failsafe at Max Range? Pilot Handle Link to DVR
31.56km 2.4G 50Hz 50mW Wing No Les Y Link
40.6km 2.4G 50Hz 25mW Wing No Shawn U Link
19.61km 2.4G 50Hz 25mW Wing Yes Les Y Link
18.97Km 2.4G 150Hz 50mW Wing yes TitanDynamics Link
12.1km 2.4G 50Hz 25mW Wing No Les Y Link
10Km 2.4G 500Hz 10mW Quad Yes mrscythe Link
10Km 2.4G 50Hz 10mW Wing No Padcom Link
7Km 2.4G 150Hz 50mW Quad No Taufik Link
4.6Km 2.4G 50Hz 25mW Quad No febbyeka Link
3Km 2.4G 150Hz 25mW Quad No Taufik Link

100mW+

Max Dist. Freq Pkt Rate TX Power Type Failsafe at Max Range? Pilot Handle Link to DVR
100Km 2.4G 50Hz 2000mW Wing No Snipes Link
43.7Km 2.4G 150Hz 250mW Wing No Slickshot Link
35Km 2.4G 250Hz 100mW Wing No Snipes Link
20Km 2.4G 150Hz 100mW Wing Yes Pairan Link
20Km 2.4G 50Hz 250mW Wing No Padcom Link
12.2Km 2.4G 500Hz 250mW Wing No Börner Link
11.47Km 2.4G 50hz 500mW Wing No TitanDynamics Link
10Km 2.4G 50Hz 250mW Quad No Disnator Link
7.14Km 2.4G 500Hz 100mW Wing No Bri'ish Link
6.43Km 2.4G 50Hz 100mW Wing No DivisionRc Link
5.07Km 2.4G 250Hz 500mW Quad No ZoFPV Link

900 MHz Rankings

50mW or less

Max Dist. Freq Pkt Rate TX Power Type Failsafe at Max Range? Pilot Handle Link to DVR
40.7Km 900M 50Hz 10mW Wing No Leslie Yagin Link
25.11km 900M 50Hz 25mW Wing No Les Y Link
13.58Km 900M 50Hz 25mW Wing No Jullibach Link
6Km 900M 100Hz 50mW Wing No Snipes Link
2.28Km 900M 50Hz 10mW Quad No Mike Malagoli Link

100mW+

Max Dist. Freq Pkt Rate TX Power Type Failsafe at Max Range? Pilot Handle Link to DVR
50Km 900M 25Hz 500mW Wing No Yarillo Link
30Km 900M 50Hz 100mW Wing No Slickshot Link
13.1Km 900M 50Hz 100mW Quad No Taufik Link
4.77Km 900M 200Hz 250mW Quad No DaBit Link
4.00Km 900M 100Hz 500mW Wing No Aaron Vergara Link

Long Range Competition

FAQ-Banner

One of the most frequently asked questions that are asked by people who are interested in, but haven't yet tried ELRS is "How far does it go, and at what power level?"

The following table is a leaderboard of the current record holder for each packet rate, and the longest distance from home. Note that not every flight resulted in a failsafe at max range, so the link could go further in some cases. The leaderboard is grouped into 2 tables, each with 2 sub-tables. The 2 tables are the frequency of the link used (either 2.4GHz or 900MHz), subdivided into two power levels (50mW or less, 100mW+). This aims to give a sense of how well ELRS performs even at lower power and also demonstrate how far it can be pushed out at higher power levels. Each frequency will have a maximum of 20 entries, so get up there!

To enter, press the pencil in the upper left corner of this page, and enter your record's info into the table, sorted by distance, and then PR it into the docs repo.

Rules

Anyone can add an entry to the table, and entries should include the:

  • Max distance from home
  • RF freq (900 / 2.4)
  • Packet rate
  • Power level
  • If the link failsafed at max range
  • The pilot name
  • A link to your DVR on youtube

2.4 GHz Rankings

50mW or less

Max Dist. Freq Pkt Rate TX Power Type Failsafe at Max Range? Pilot Handle Link to DVR
31.56km 2.4G 50Hz 50mW Wing No Les Y Link
40.6km 2.4G 50Hz 25mW Wing No Shawn U Link
19.61km 2.4G 50Hz 25mW Wing Yes Les Y Link
18.97Km 2.4G 150Hz 50mW Wing yes TitanDynamics Link
17.1km 2.4G 50hz 10mW Wing No Denks Link
12.1km 2.4G 50Hz 25mW Wing No Les Y Link
10Km 2.4G 500Hz 10mW Quad Yes mrscythe Link
10Km 2.4G 50Hz 10mW Wing No Padcom Link
7Km 2.4G 150Hz 50mW Quad No Taufik Link
4.6Km 2.4G 50Hz 25mW Quad No febbyeka Link
3Km 2.4G 150Hz 25mW Quad No Taufik Link

100mW+

Max Dist. Freq Pkt Rate TX Power Type Failsafe at Max Range? Pilot Handle Link to DVR
100Km 2.4G 50Hz 2000mW Wing No Snipes Link
43.7Km 2.4G 150Hz 250mW Wing No Slickshot Link
35Km 2.4G 250Hz 100mW Wing No Snipes Link
20Km 2.4G 150Hz 100mW Wing Yes Pairan Link
20Km 2.4G 50Hz 250mW Wing No Padcom Link
12.2Km 2.4G 500Hz 250mW Wing No Börner Link
11.47Km 2.4G 50hz 500mW Wing No TitanDynamics Link
10Km 2.4G 50Hz 250mW Quad No Disnator Link
7.14Km 2.4G 500Hz 100mW Wing No Bri'ish Link
6.43Km 2.4G 50Hz 100mW Wing No DivisionRc Link
5.07Km 2.4G 250Hz 500mW Quad No ZoFPV Link

900 MHz Rankings

50mW or less

Max Dist. Freq Pkt Rate TX Power Type Failsafe at Max Range? Pilot Handle Link to DVR
40.7Km 900M 50Hz 10mW Wing No Leslie Yagin Link
25.11km 900M 50Hz 25mW Wing No Les Y Link
13.58Km 900M 50Hz 25mW Wing No Jullibach Link
6Km 900M 100Hz 50mW Wing No Snipes Link
2.28Km 900M 50Hz 10mW Quad No Mike Malagoli Link

100mW+

Max Dist. Freq Pkt Rate TX Power Type Failsafe at Max Range? Pilot Handle Link to DVR
50Km 900M 25Hz 500mW Wing No Yarillo Link
30Km 900M 50Hz 100mW Wing No Slickshot Link
13.1Km 900M 50Hz 100mW Quad No Taufik Link
4.77Km 900M 200Hz 250mW Quad No DaBit Link
4.00Km 900M 100Hz 500mW Wing No Aaron Vergara Link

Privacy Policy

Info Banner

Effective date: 2022-12-01

1. Introduction

ExpressLRS (“us”, “we”, or “our”) operates https://www.expresslrs.org (hereinafter referred to as “Service”).

Our Privacy Policy governs your visit to https://www.expresslrs.org, and explains how we collect, safeguard and disclose information that results from your use of our Service.

We use your data to provide and improve Service. By using Service, you agree to the collection and use of information in accordance with this policy.

2. Definitions

SERVICE means the https://www.expresslrs.org website operated by ExpressLRS.

USAGE DATA is data collected automatically either generated by the use of Service or from Service infrastructure itself (for example, the duration of a page visit).

COOKIES are small files stored on your device (computer or mobile device).

DATA CONTROLLER means a natural or legal person who (either alone or jointly or in common with other persons) determines the purposes for which and the manner in which any personal data are, or are to be, processed. For the purpose of this Privacy Policy, we are a Data Controller of your data.

DATA PROCESSORS (OR SERVICE PROVIDERS) means any natural or legal person who processes the data on behalf of the Data Controller. We may use the services of various Service Providers in order to process your data more effectively.

DATA SUBJECT is any living individual who is the subject of Personal Data.

THE USER is the individual using our Service. The User corresponds to the Data Subject, who is the subject of Personal Data.

3. Information Collection and Use

We collect several different types of information for various purposes to provide and improve our Service to you.

4. Types of Data Collected

While using our Service, we may ask you to provide us with certain personally identifiable information that can be used to contact or identify you (“Personal Data”). Personally identifiable information may include, but is not limited to:

0.1. Email address

0.2. First name and last name

0.3. Phone number

0.4. Address, Country, State, Province, ZIP/Postal code, City

0.5. Cookies and Usage Data

We may use your Personal Data to contact you with newsletters, marketing or promotional materials and other information that may be of interest to you. You may opt out of receiving any, or all, of these communications from us by following the unsubscribe link.

Usage Data

We may also collect information that your browser sends whenever you visit our Service or when you access Service by or through any device (“Usage Data”).

This Usage Data may include information such as your computer’s Internet Protocol address (e.g. IP address), browser type, browser version, the pages of our Service that you visit, the time and date of your visit, the time spent on those pages, unique device identifiers and other diagnostic data.

When you access Service with a device, this Usage Data may include information such as the type of device you use, your device unique ID, the IP address of your device, your device operating system, the type of Internet browser you use, unique device identifiers and other diagnostic data.

Tracking Cookies Data

We use cookies and similar tracking technologies to track the activity on our Service and we hold certain information.

Cookies are files with a small amount of data which may include an anonymous unique identifier. Cookies are sent to your browser from a website and stored on your device. Other tracking technologies are also used such as beacons, tags and scripts to collect and track information and to improve and analyze our Service.

You can instruct your browser to refuse all cookies or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. However, if you do not accept cookies, you may not be able to use some portions of our Service.

Examples of Cookies we use:

0.1. Session Cookies: We use Session Cookies to operate our Service.

0.2. Preference Cookies: We use Preference Cookies to remember your preferences and various settings.

0.3. Security Cookies: We use Security Cookies for security purposes.

Other Data

While using our Service, we may also collect the following information: sex, age, date of birth, place of birth, passport details, citizenship, registration at place of residence and actual address, telephone number (work, mobile), details of documents on education, qualification, professional training, employment agreements, NDA agreements, information on bonuses and compensation, information on marital status, family members, social security (or other taxpayer identification) number, office location and other data.

5. Use of Data

ExpressLRS uses the collected data for various purposes:

0.1. to provide and maintain our Service;

0.2. to notify you about changes to our Service;

0.3. to allow you to participate in interactive features of our Service when you choose to do so;

0.4. to provide customer support;

0.5. to gather analysis or valuable information so that we can improve our Service;

0.6. to monitor the usage of our Service;

0.7. to detect, prevent and address technical issues;

0.8. to fulfill any other purpose for which you provide it;

0.9. to carry out our obligations and enforce our rights arising from any contracts entered into between you and us, including for billing and collection;

0.10. to provide you with notices about your account and/or subscription, including expiration and renewal notices, email-instructions, etc.;

0.11. to provide you with news, special offers and general information about other goods, services and events which we offer that are similar to those that you have already purchased or inquired about unless you have opted not to receive such information;

0.12. in any other way we may describe when you provide the information;

0.13. for any other purpose with your consent.

6. Retention of Data

We will retain your Personal Data only for as long as is necessary for the purposes set out in this Privacy Policy. We will retain and use your Personal Data to the extent necessary to comply with our legal obligations (for example, if we are required to retain your data to comply with applicable laws), resolve disputes, and enforce our legal agreements and policies.

We will also retain Usage Data for internal analysis purposes. Usage Data is generally retained for a shorter period, except when this data is used to strengthen the security or to improve the functionality of our Service, or we are legally obligated to retain this data for longer time periods.

7. Transfer of Data

Your information, including Personal Data, may be transferred to – and maintained on – computers located outside of your state, province, country or other governmental jurisdiction where the data protection laws may differ from those of your jurisdiction.

If you are located outside United States and choose to provide information to us, please note that we transfer the data, including Personal Data, to United States and process it there.

Your consent to this Privacy Policy followed by your submission of such information represents your agreement to that transfer.

ExpressLRS will take all the steps reasonably necessary to ensure that your data is treated securely and in accordance with this Privacy Policy and no transfer of your Personal Data will take place to an organisation or a country unless there are adequate controls in place including the security of your data and other personal information.

8. Disclosure of Data

We may disclose personal information that we collect, or you provide:

0.1. Disclosure for Law Enforcement.

Under certain circumstances, we may be required to disclose your Personal Data if required to do so by law or in response to valid requests by public authorities.

0.2. Business Transaction.

If we or our subsidiaries are involved in a merger, acquisition or asset sale, your Personal Data may be transferred.

0.3. Other cases. We may disclose your information also:

0.3.1. to our subsidiaries and affiliates;

0.3.2. to contractors, service providers, and other third parties we use to support our business;

0.3.3. to fulfill the purpose for which you provide it;

0.3.4. for the purpose of including your company’s logo on our website;

0.3.5. for any other purpose disclosed by us when you provide the information;

0.3.6. with your consent in any other cases;

0.3.7. if we believe disclosure is necessary or appropriate to protect the rights, property, or safety of the Company, our customers, or others.

9. Security of Data

The security of your data is important to us but remember that no method of transmission over the Internet or method of electronic storage is 100% secure. While we strive to use commercially acceptable means to protect your Personal Data, we cannot guarantee its absolute security.

10. Your Data Protection Rights Under General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

If you are a resident of the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA), you have certain data protection rights, covered by GDPR.

We aim to take reasonable steps to allow you to correct, amend, delete, or limit the use of your Personal Data.

If you wish to be informed what Personal Data we hold about you and if you want it to be removed from our systems, please email us at info@expresslrs.org.

In certain circumstances, you have the following data protection rights:

0.1. the right to access, update or to delete the information we have on you;

0.2. the right of rectification. You have the right to have your information rectified if that information is inaccurate or incomplete;

0.3. the right to object. You have the right to object to our processing of your Personal Data;

0.4. the right of restriction. You have the right to request that we restrict the processing of your personal information;

0.5. the right to data portability. You have the right to be provided with a copy of your Personal Data in a structured, machine-readable and commonly used format;

0.6. the right to withdraw consent. You also have the right to withdraw your consent at any time where we rely on your consent to process your personal information;

Please note that we may ask you to verify your identity before responding to such requests. Please note, we may not able to provide Service without some necessary data.

You have the right to complain to a Data Protection Authority about our collection and use of your Personal Data. For more information, please contact your local data protection authority in the European Economic Area (EEA).

11. Your Data Protection Rights under the California Privacy Protection Act (CalOPPA)

CalOPPA is the first state law in the nation to require commercial websites and online services to post a privacy policy. The law’s reach stretches well beyond California to require a person or company in the United States (and conceivable the world) that operates websites collecting personally identifiable information from California consumers to post a conspicuous privacy policy on its website stating exactly the information being collected and those individuals with whom it is being shared, and to comply with this policy.

According to CalOPPA we agree to the following:

0.1. users can visit our site anonymously;

0.2. our Privacy Policy link includes the word “Privacy”, and can easily be found on the home page of our website;

0.3. users will be notified of any privacy policy changes on our Privacy Policy Page;

0.4. users are able to change their personal information by emailing us at info@expresslrs.org.

Our Policy on “Do Not Track” Signals:

We honor Do Not Track signals and do not track, plant cookies, or use advertising when a Do Not Track browser mechanism is in place. Do Not Track is a preference you can set in your web browser to inform websites that you do not want to be tracked.

You can enable or disable Do Not Track by visiting the Preferences or Settings page of your web browser.

12. Your Data Protection Rights under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)

If you are a California resident, you are entitled to learn what data we collect about you, ask to delete your data and not to sell (share) it. To exercise your data protection rights, you can make certain requests and ask us:

0.1. What personal information we have about you. If you make this request, we will return to you:

0.0.1. The categories of personal information we have collected about you.

0.0.2. The categories of sources from which we collect your personal information.

0.0.3. The business or commercial purpose for collecting or selling your personal information.

0.0.4. The categories of third parties with whom we share personal information.

0.0.5. The specific pieces of personal information we have collected about you.

0.0.6. A list of categories of personal information that we have sold, along with the category of any other company we sold it to. If we have not sold your personal information, we will inform you of that fact.

0.0.7. A list of categories of personal information that we have disclosed for a business purpose, along with the category of any other company we shared it with.

Please note, you are entitled to ask us to provide you with this information up to two times in a rolling twelve-month period. When you make this request, the information provided may be limited to the personal information we collected about you in the previous 12 months.

0.2. To delete your personal information. If you make this request, we will delete the personal information we hold about you as of the date of your request from our records and direct any service providers to do the same. In some cases, deletion may be accomplished through de-identification of the information. If you choose to delete your personal information, you may not be able to use certain functions that require your personal information to operate.

0.3. To stop selling your personal information. We don’t sell or rent your personal information to any third parties for any purpose. We do not sell your personal information for monetary consideration. However, under some circumstances, a transfer of personal information to a third party, or within our family of companies, without monetary consideration may be considered a “sale” under California law. You are the only owner of your Personal Data and can request disclosure or deletion at any time.

If you submit a request to stop selling your personal information, we will stop making such transfers.

Please note, if you ask us to delete or stop selling your data, it may impact your experience with us, and you may not be able to participate in certain programs or membership services which require the usage of your personal information to function. But in no circumstances, we will discriminate against you for exercising your rights.

To exercise your California data protection rights described above, please send your request(s) by email: info@expresslrs.org.

Your data protection rights, described above, are covered by the CCPA, short for the California Consumer Privacy Act. To find out more, visit the official California Legislative Information website. The CCPA took effect on 01/01/2020.

13. Service Providers

We may employ third party companies and individuals to facilitate our Service (“Service Providers”), provide Service on our behalf, perform Service-related services or assist us in analysing how our Service is used.

These third parties have access to your Personal Data only to perform these tasks on our behalf and are obligated not to disclose or use it for any other purpose.

14. Analytics

We may use third-party Service Providers to monitor and analyze the use of our Service.

15. CI/CD tools

We may use third-party Service Providers to automate the development process of our Service.

16. Behavioral Remarketing

We may use remarketing services to advertise on third party websites to you after you visited our Service. We and our third-party vendors use cookies to inform, optimise and serve ads based on your past visits to our Service.

Our Service may contain links to other sites that are not operated by us. If you click a third party link, you will be directed to that third party’s site. We strongly advise you to review the Privacy Policy of every site you visit.

We have no control over and assume no responsibility for the content, privacy policies or practices of any third party sites or services.

For example, the outlined privacy policy has been made using PolicyMaker.io, a free tool that helps create high-quality legal documents. PolicyMaker’s privacy policy generator is an easy-to-use tool for creating a privacy policy for blog, website, e-commerce store or mobile app.

18. Children’s Privacy

Our Services are not intended for use by children under the age of 18 (“Child” or “Children”).

We do not knowingly collect personally identifiable information from Children under 18. If you become aware that a Child has provided us with Personal Data, please contact us. If we become aware that we have collected Personal Data from Children without verification of parental consent, we take steps to remove that information from our servers.

19. Changes to This Privacy Policy

We may update our Privacy Policy from time to time. We will notify you of any changes by posting the new Privacy Policy on this page.

We will let you know via email and/or a prominent notice on our Service, prior to the change becoming effective and update “effective date” at the top of this Privacy Policy.

You are advised to review this Privacy Policy periodically for any changes. Changes to this Privacy Policy are effective when they are posted on this page.

20. Contact Us

If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy, please contact us by email: info@expresslrs.org.

Privacy Policy

Info Banner

Effective date: 2022-12-01

1. Introduction

ExpressLRS (“us”, “we”, or “our”) operates https://www.expresslrs.org (hereinafter referred to as “Service”).

Our Privacy Policy governs your visit to https://www.expresslrs.org, and explains how we collect, safeguard and disclose information that results from your use of our Service.

We use your data to provide and improve Service. By using Service, you agree to the collection and use of information in accordance with this policy.

2. Definitions

SERVICE means the https://www.expresslrs.org website operated by ExpressLRS.

USAGE DATA is data collected automatically either generated by the use of Service or from Service infrastructure itself (for example, the duration of a page visit).

COOKIES are small files stored on your device (computer or mobile device).

DATA CONTROLLER means a natural or legal person who (either alone or jointly or in common with other persons) determines the purposes for which and the manner in which any personal data are, or are to be, processed. For the purpose of this Privacy Policy, we are a Data Controller of your data.

DATA PROCESSORS (OR SERVICE PROVIDERS) means any natural or legal person who processes the data on behalf of the Data Controller. We may use the services of various Service Providers in order to process your data more effectively.

DATA SUBJECT is any living individual who is the subject of Personal Data.

THE USER is the individual using our Service. The User corresponds to the Data Subject, who is the subject of Personal Data.

3. Information Collection and Use

We collect several different types of information for various purposes to provide and improve our Service to you.

4. Types of Data Collected

While using our Service, we may ask you to provide us with certain personally identifiable information that can be used to contact or identify you (“Personal Data”). Personally identifiable information may include, but is not limited to:

0.1. Email address

0.2. First name and last name

0.3. Phone number

0.4. Address, Country, State, Province, ZIP/Postal code, City

0.5. Cookies and Usage Data

We may use your Personal Data to contact you with newsletters, marketing or promotional materials and other information that may be of interest to you. You may opt out of receiving any, or all, of these communications from us by following the unsubscribe link.

Usage Data

We may also collect information that your browser sends whenever you visit our Service or when you access Service by or through any device (“Usage Data”).

This Usage Data may include information such as your computer’s Internet Protocol address (e.g. IP address), browser type, browser version, the pages of our Service that you visit, the time and date of your visit, the time spent on those pages, unique device identifiers and other diagnostic data.

When you access Service with a device, this Usage Data may include information such as the type of device you use, your device unique ID, the IP address of your device, your device operating system, the type of Internet browser you use, unique device identifiers and other diagnostic data.

Tracking Cookies Data

We use cookies and similar tracking technologies to track the activity on our Service and we hold certain information.

Cookies are files with a small amount of data which may include an anonymous unique identifier. Cookies are sent to your browser from a website and stored on your device. Other tracking technologies are also used such as beacons, tags and scripts to collect and track information and to improve and analyze our Service.

You can instruct your browser to refuse all cookies or to indicate when a cookie is being sent. However, if you do not accept cookies, you may not be able to use some portions of our Service.

Examples of Cookies we use:

0.1. Session Cookies: We use Session Cookies to operate our Service.

0.2. Preference Cookies: We use Preference Cookies to remember your preferences and various settings.

0.3. Security Cookies: We use Security Cookies for security purposes.

Other Data

While using our Service, we may also collect the following information: sex, age, date of birth, place of birth, passport details, citizenship, registration at place of residence and actual address, telephone number (work, mobile), details of documents on education, qualification, professional training, employment agreements, NDA agreements, information on bonuses and compensation, information on marital status, family members, social security (or other taxpayer identification) number, office location and other data.

5. Use of Data

ExpressLRS uses the collected data for various purposes:

0.1. to provide and maintain our Service;

0.2. to notify you about changes to our Service;

0.3. to allow you to participate in interactive features of our Service when you choose to do so;

0.4. to provide customer support;

0.5. to gather analysis or valuable information so that we can improve our Service;

0.6. to monitor the usage of our Service;

0.7. to detect, prevent and address technical issues;

0.8. to fulfill any other purpose for which you provide it;

0.9. to carry out our obligations and enforce our rights arising from any contracts entered into between you and us, including for billing and collection;

0.10. to provide you with notices about your account and/or subscription, including expiration and renewal notices, email-instructions, etc.;

0.11. to provide you with news, special offers and general information about other goods, services and events which we offer that are similar to those that you have already purchased or inquired about unless you have opted not to receive such information;

0.12. in any other way we may describe when you provide the information;

0.13. for any other purpose with your consent.

6. Retention of Data

We will retain your Personal Data only for as long as is necessary for the purposes set out in this Privacy Policy. We will retain and use your Personal Data to the extent necessary to comply with our legal obligations (for example, if we are required to retain your data to comply with applicable laws), resolve disputes, and enforce our legal agreements and policies.

We will also retain Usage Data for internal analysis purposes. Usage Data is generally retained for a shorter period, except when this data is used to strengthen the security or to improve the functionality of our Service, or we are legally obligated to retain this data for longer time periods.

7. Transfer of Data

Your information, including Personal Data, may be transferred to – and maintained on – computers located outside of your state, province, country or other governmental jurisdiction where the data protection laws may differ from those of your jurisdiction.

If you are located outside United States and choose to provide information to us, please note that we transfer the data, including Personal Data, to United States and process it there.

Your consent to this Privacy Policy followed by your submission of such information represents your agreement to that transfer.

ExpressLRS will take all the steps reasonably necessary to ensure that your data is treated securely and in accordance with this Privacy Policy and no transfer of your Personal Data will take place to an organisation or a country unless there are adequate controls in place including the security of your data and other personal information.

8. Disclosure of Data

We may disclose personal information that we collect, or you provide:

0.1. Disclosure for Law Enforcement.

Under certain circumstances, we may be required to disclose your Personal Data if required to do so by law or in response to valid requests by public authorities.

0.2. Business Transaction.

If we or our subsidiaries are involved in a merger, acquisition or asset sale, your Personal Data may be transferred.

0.3. Other cases. We may disclose your information also:

0.3.1. to our subsidiaries and affiliates;

0.3.2. to contractors, service providers, and other third parties we use to support our business;

0.3.3. to fulfill the purpose for which you provide it;

0.3.4. for the purpose of including your company’s logo on our website;

0.3.5. for any other purpose disclosed by us when you provide the information;

0.3.6. with your consent in any other cases;

0.3.7. if we believe disclosure is necessary or appropriate to protect the rights, property, or safety of the Company, our customers, or others.

9. Security of Data

The security of your data is important to us but remember that no method of transmission over the Internet or method of electronic storage is 100% secure. While we strive to use commercially acceptable means to protect your Personal Data, we cannot guarantee its absolute security.

10. Your Data Protection Rights Under General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

If you are a resident of the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA), you have certain data protection rights, covered by GDPR.

We aim to take reasonable steps to allow you to correct, amend, delete, or limit the use of your Personal Data.

If you wish to be informed what Personal Data we hold about you and if you want it to be removed from our systems, please email us at info@expresslrs.org.

In certain circumstances, you have the following data protection rights:

0.1. the right to access, update or to delete the information we have on you;

0.2. the right of rectification. You have the right to have your information rectified if that information is inaccurate or incomplete;

0.3. the right to object. You have the right to object to our processing of your Personal Data;

0.4. the right of restriction. You have the right to request that we restrict the processing of your personal information;

0.5. the right to data portability. You have the right to be provided with a copy of your Personal Data in a structured, machine-readable and commonly used format;

0.6. the right to withdraw consent. You also have the right to withdraw your consent at any time where we rely on your consent to process your personal information;

Please note that we may ask you to verify your identity before responding to such requests. Please note, we may not able to provide Service without some necessary data.

You have the right to complain to a Data Protection Authority about our collection and use of your Personal Data. For more information, please contact your local data protection authority in the European Economic Area (EEA).

11. Your Data Protection Rights under the California Privacy Protection Act (CalOPPA)

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Our Policy on “Do Not Track” Signals:

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Please note, you are entitled to ask us to provide you with this information up to two times in a rolling twelve-month period. When you make this request, the information provided may be limited to the personal information we collected about you in the previous 12 months.

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If you submit a request to stop selling your personal information, we will stop making such transfers.

Please note, if you ask us to delete or stop selling your data, it may impact your experience with us, and you may not be able to participate in certain programs or membership services which require the usage of your personal information to function. But in no circumstances, we will discriminate against you for exercising your rights.

To exercise your California data protection rights described above, please send your request(s) by email: info@expresslrs.org.

Your data protection rights, described above, are covered by the CCPA, short for the California Consumer Privacy Act. To find out more, visit the official California Legislative Information website. The CCPA took effect on 01/01/2020.

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You are advised to review this Privacy Policy periodically for any changes. Changes to this Privacy Policy are effective when they are posted on this page.

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If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy, please contact us by email: info@expresslrs.org.

Signal Health

Info Banner

RSSI has become somewhat a generic term for how good a signal is, and every manufacturer can have their own scale, with most agreeing that "100" is the best, less than that is bad, and expect have RXLOSS at ???. This is an explanation of the signal metrics provided by ExpressLRS and how to understand their values.

Two Types of Signal Health

There are two main types of signal information available from ExpressLRS: RSSI and LQI

  • RSSI - Received Signal Strength Indicator, this value indicates how loud 🎺 the reception is. RSSI must be above the sensitivity level to be understood. Units are dBm and start from 0 and go down as the volume gets lower (-130dBm hard limit).
  • LQI - Link Quality Indicator, this value indicates how much of the conversation is being understood and ultimately all that matters. Units are percent, with 100% being every packet is received, and 0% means no packets are being received.

Consider you're having a conversation in a quiet room. Your partner speaks loudly enough for you to hear, so the RSSI of their voice is above the sensitivity of your ears. You're going to understand the conversation because you're hearing every word. That's a 100% LQI-- you're receiving 100% of the words. Now imagine someone blows an air horn right in the middle of a sentence. The RSSI is still the same level, you still hear what you could make out at the same volume, you missed a word so the LQI is lower. The closer the volume of the conversation is to the background noise level in the room, the greater the chance is that you'll miss a word due to it getting mixed in with the background noise and lowering your LQI. Remember, LQI is all that matters. Your partner could shout as loud as they want but if you could hear every word anyway, the volume doesn't matter, you always heard every word.

Which do I care about?

Both really. LQI is most important because you can't fly if you're not getting packets. RSSI is important because it tells you how close you are to the radio receiver not being able to receive packets at all. I'd say if you have just one, pick LQI, because that tells you what percentage of packets are getting through and you get to make the decision if it isn't enough. What you can't tell from LQI alone is when that number is going to drop off a cliff, and it could happen extremely fast because you hit the RSSI sensitivity limit.

RSSI Sensitivity Limit

This is the lowest theoretical RSSI value that can be distinguished by the radio receiver. It is displayed next to the packet rate in the ELRS.lua script, as different packet rates and frequency bands have different sensitivity limits. Lower rates are more sensitive, -123dBm for 25Hz 915MHz up to -105dBm for 500Hz 2400MHz. This gives you the limit you know you can't fly below.

A sensible warning value is 5-10dBm higher than the sensitivity limit shown in the RF Mode Indexes (e.g. 250Hz=-108dBm, so -103dBm to -98dBm for the alarm).

RSSI Channel

RSSI and LQI are included already in the protocol used to communicate to the flight controller, so the "RSSI Channel" on the Receiver tab should be set to Disabled. RSSI_ADC / "Analog RSSI input" on the Configuration tab should also be disabled.

Available RSSI OSD Fields

  • RSSI dBm - This is the true RSSI value we've talked about here, and is available on Betaflight after 4.1 (?) and iNav after 2.6 (?)
  • Link Quality - This is LQI discussed here, and has the same version requirements. Betaflight and iNav (LQ TYPE2 option) display add the RF Mode to this as well, e.g. 7:100 means mode 7 = 250Hz and 100% LQI.
  • RSSI Value - Or sometimes just RSSI. This is the old undefined units of Signal Strength value that everyone is used to with no idea what value is good or what value is too bad. What value you'll actually see here varies, even on ExpressLRS, and is covered in the RSSI Value OSD field section. It is not recommended to use this field unless you have to (e.g. DJI).

RSSI Value OSD field

What appears in the RSSI Value field is based on what is selected as the RSSI Channel as ExpressLRS also sends LQI and RSSI as channels (AUX11/ch15 and AUX12/ch16 respectively). It is better to use the dBm or LQ OSD fields instead of this one if you can. DJI users are forced to use this due to it being the only field supported by their OSD. Changes to RSSI Channel in Betaflight requires a reboot to take effect.

  • Disabled is set as the "RSSI Channel" field in Betaflight - Displays RSSI dBm scaled as a percentage from -130dBm to 0dBm. Not recommended since what percentage of 130 is the Sensitivity Limit for your selected rate? Math!
  • AUX11/ch15 is set as the "RSSI Channel" - Simply LQI although the value might be slightly off due to rounding.
  • AUX12/ch16 is set as the "RSSI Channel" - Displays the RSSI dBm scaled as a percentage from the current Sensitivity Limit to -50dBm and is a decent indicator of how much range is left before the LQI cliff (0 here = Sensitivity Limit).

In iNAV, the RSSI Value on the OSD is called RSSI (Signal Strength), and will always display 0. To show a filtered (by iNav) LQI in that field, set the rssi_source to protocol using the CLI with set rssi_source = PROTOCOL.

RF Mode Indexes (RFMD)

OSDs report the packet rate using an index instead of the actual rate, either as a RATE:LQ% or with rate in the hundreds digit such as 799 where 7 is the RATE and 99 is the LQ%. Handsets display the rate using the RFMD telemetry item.

OSD RFMD

RFMD Lua Packet Rate Sensitivity
Limit		 TX duration
(us)		 TX Interval
(us)
14 D50 50Hz -112dBm 4640.0 5000
13 F1000 1000Hz -104dBm 388.8 1000
12 F500 500Hz -104dBm 388.8 2000
11 D500 500Hz -104dBm 388.8 1000
10 D250 250Hz -104dBm 388.8 1000
9 500Hz 500Hz -105dBm 1507.4 2000
8 333Hz Full 333Hz -105dBm 2374.4 3003
7 250Hz 250Hz -108dBm 3330.0 4000
6 200Hz 200Hz -112dBm 4640.0 5000
5 150Hz 150Hz -112dBm 5891.9 6666
4 100Hz Full 100Hz -112dBm 6690.0 (900) /
7605.9 (2.4)		 10000
3 100Hz 100Hz -117dBm 9280.0 10000
2 50Hz 50Hz -120dBm (900) /
-115dBm (2.4)		 19580 (900) /
10798 (2.4)		 20000
1 25Hz 25Hz -123dBm 30980 40000

What about SNR?

SNR stands for Signal to Noise ratio and compares RSSI dBm to the RF background noise level and is in dB units (not dBm), higher is better. Notice it compares the background noise level and not the Sensitivity Limit. The reported value changes quite a bit from packet to packet and what values are good depend on what packet rate is being used. The RF chip can only approximate the noise level and only registers a value so high above the noise floor leading to this value getting clipped. Add to that, LoRa modulation can actually receive data below the noise floor to some degree.

  • All FLRC modes (F1000, F500, D500, D250) always report 0 for SNR.
  • TBS Crossfire I believe reports SNR * 4-- their values can be much higher.

ExpressLRS uses an averaged SNR to control dynamic power, with the following low/high values. The lowest possible SNR a packet can still be received is 5-10dB lower than the "Raise Power" limit.

Team2.4

Packet Rate "Raise Power" (bad) SNR "Lower Power" (good) SNR
500Hz 5.0dB 9.5dB
333Hz Full 5.0dB 9.5dB
250Hz 3.0dB 8.5dB
150Hz 0.0dB 8.5dB
100Hz Full 0.0dB 8.5dB
50Hz -1.0dB 6.5dB

Team900

Packet Rate "Raise Power" (bad) SNR "Lower Power" (good) SNR
200Hz 1.0dB 3.0dB
100Hz Full 1.0dB 3.0dB
100Hz 1.0dB 2.5dB
50Hz 1.0dB 1.5dB
D50 1.0dB 3.0dB
25Hz -3.0dB 0.5dB

How far can I go on XmW?

Very far? This question is usually used in place of the actual question "Will I get good signal where I fly?" which is impossible to answer.

ExpressLRS 2.4GHz can go over 40km at 250Hz 100mW on omnidirectional antennas with excellent LQI, or it can go 400m with less stellar LQI. By far the biggest factor in determining maximum range is direct line of sight. Blocking line of sight reduces RSSI dBm. A few trees or a building isn't going to keep you from flying due to ExpressLRS's excellent sensitivity even when line of sight isn't available, but range is reduced a bit for every physical object between you and the receiver. Piloting from an elevated position can eliminate some ground obstacles and provide a measurable boost in range.

The second largest factor is interference. Interference is the clobbering of our packets by outside sources, such as WiFi on 2.4GHz or other ISM transmissions on 868/915MHz, and is seen as a drop in LQI well before the sensitivity limit. Increasing TX power output is usually not the solution you'd expect, where each doubling in output power only might only add 10% to the usable range due to interference.

#Team868/#Team915 or #Team2.4

Unfortunately, there is a misconception about the 2.4GHz range thanks to other radio protocols on the market. ExpressLRS uses LoRa, which has had some amazing results on 2.4GHz. Again, 40km on 100mW 250Hz on 2.4GHz. The advantages of 2.4GHz is that the antennas are 2.5x smaller than 915MHz antennas, and there's more spectrum for ExpressLRS to hop around in, opening up the air for more pilots at once. 868/915MHz does have increased penetration and is the ultimate king of long range flying, but penetration difference may not be as great as you think. The high sensitivity of ExpressLRS receivers allows them to fly places you wouldn't dream of flying FSK-based 2.4 receivers such as FrSky ACCST/ACCESS, FlySky AFHDS2A, Spektrum DMX, or Redpine.

RF noise

We have all heard the stories of racers powering up his TBS crossfire full module at 2W and causing people to fail-safe during a race. This happens because the 868/915MHz band has limited bandwidth. The solution for this is to use a low power mode during races, so you do not blast anyone out of the sky. 2.4GHz does not have this issue. Flite Test has a world record of having 179 RC airplanes in the sky using 2.4 GHz.

2.4GHz LoRa can also handle WiFi noise very well. Studies have been conducted with the coexistence of WiFi and LoRa bands.

868/915 does not have to worry about WiFi signal but it does have to worry about cell towers and other RF noise. You are fighting against thermostats, fire systems, burglar systems and any other device running on that band.

Signal Health

Info Banner

RSSI has become somewhat a generic term for how good a signal is, and every manufacturer can have their own scale, with most agreeing that "100" is the best, less than that is bad, and expect have RXLOSS at ???. This is an explanation of the signal metrics provided by ExpressLRS and how to understand their values.

Two Types of Signal Health

There are two main types of signal information available from ExpressLRS: RSSI and LQI

  • RSSI - Received Signal Strength Indicator, this value indicates how loud 🎺 the reception is. RSSI must be above the sensitivity level to be understood. Units are dBm and start from 0 and go down as the volume gets lower (-130dBm hard limit).
  • LQI - Link Quality Indicator, this value indicates how much of the conversation is being understood and ultimately all that matters. Units are percent, with 100% being every packet is received, and 0% means no packets are being received.

Consider you're having a conversation in a quiet room. Your partner speaks loudly enough for you to hear, so the RSSI of their voice is above the sensitivity of your ears. You're going to understand the conversation because you're hearing every word. That's a 100% LQI-- you're receiving 100% of the words. Now imagine someone blows an air horn right in the middle of a sentence. The RSSI is still the same level, you still hear what you could make out at the same volume, you missed a word so the LQI is lower. The closer the volume of the conversation is to the background noise level in the room, the greater the chance is that you'll miss a word due to it getting mixed in with the background noise and lowering your LQI. Remember, LQI is all that matters. Your partner could shout as loud as they want but if you could hear every word anyway, the volume doesn't matter, you always heard every word.

Which do I care about?

Both really. LQI is most important because you can't fly if you're not getting packets. RSSI is important because it tells you how close you are to the radio receiver not being able to receive packets at all. I'd say if you have just one, pick LQI, because that tells you what percentage of packets are getting through and you get to make the decision if it isn't enough. What you can't tell from LQI alone is when that number is going to drop off a cliff, and it could happen extremely fast because you hit the RSSI sensitivity limit.

RSSI Sensitivity Limit

This is the lowest theoretical RSSI value that can be distinguished by the radio receiver. It is displayed next to the packet rate in the ELRS.lua script, as different packet rates and frequency bands have different sensitivity limits. Lower rates are more sensitive, -123dBm for 25Hz 915MHz up to -105dBm for 500Hz 2400MHz. This gives you the limit you know you can't fly below.

A sensible warning value is 5-10dBm higher than the sensitivity limit shown in the RF Mode Indexes (e.g. 250Hz=-108dBm, so -103dBm to -98dBm for the alarm).

RSSI Channel

RSSI and LQI are included already in the protocol used to communicate to the flight controller, so the "RSSI Channel" on the Receiver tab should be set to Disabled. RSSI_ADC / "Analog RSSI input" on the Configuration tab should also be disabled.

Available RSSI OSD Fields

  • RSSI dBm - This is the true RSSI value we've talked about here, and is available on Betaflight after 4.1 (?) and iNav after 2.6 (?)
  • Link Quality - This is LQI discussed here, and has the same version requirements. Betaflight and iNav (LQ TYPE2 option) display add the RF Mode to this as well, e.g. 7:100 means mode 7 = 250Hz and 100% LQI.
  • RSSI Value - Or sometimes just RSSI. This is the old undefined units of Signal Strength value that everyone is used to with no idea what value is good or what value is too bad. What value you'll actually see here varies, even on ExpressLRS, and is covered in the RSSI Value OSD field section. It is not recommended to use this field unless you have to (e.g. DJI).

RSSI Value OSD field

What appears in the RSSI Value field is based on what is selected as the RSSI Channel as ExpressLRS also sends LQI and RSSI as channels (AUX11/ch15 and AUX12/ch16 respectively). It is better to use the dBm or LQ OSD fields instead of this one if you can. DJI users are forced to use this due to it being the only field supported by their OSD. Changes to RSSI Channel in Betaflight requires a reboot to take effect.

  • Disabled is set as the "RSSI Channel" field in Betaflight - Displays RSSI dBm scaled as a percentage from -130dBm to 0dBm. Not recommended since what percentage of 130 is the Sensitivity Limit for your selected rate? Math!
  • AUX11/ch15 is set as the "RSSI Channel" - Simply LQI although the value might be slightly off due to rounding.
  • AUX12/ch16 is set as the "RSSI Channel" - Displays the RSSI dBm scaled as a percentage from the current Sensitivity Limit to -50dBm and is a decent indicator of how much range is left before the LQI cliff (0 here = Sensitivity Limit).

In iNAV, the RSSI Value on the OSD is called RSSI (Signal Strength), and will always display 0. To show a filtered (by iNav) LQI in that field, set the rssi_source to protocol using the CLI with set rssi_source = PROTOCOL.

RF Mode Indexes (RFMD)

OSDs report the packet rate using an index instead of the actual rate, either as a RATE:LQ% or with rate in the hundreds digit such as 799 where 7 is the RATE and 99 is the LQ%. Handsets display the rate using the RFMD telemetry item.

OSD RFMD

RFMD Lua Packet Rate Sensitivity
Limit		 TX duration
(us)		 TX Interval
(us)
14 D50 50Hz -112dBm 4640.0 5000
13 F1000 1000Hz -104dBm 388.8 1000
12 F500 500Hz -104dBm 388.8 2000
11 D500 500Hz -104dBm 388.8 1000
10 D250 250Hz -104dBm 388.8 1000
9 500Hz 500Hz -105dBm 1507.4 2000
8 333Hz Full 333Hz -105dBm 2374.4 3003
7 250Hz 250Hz -108dBm 3330.0 4000
6 200Hz 200Hz -112dBm 4640.0 5000
5 150Hz 150Hz -112dBm 5891.9 6666
4 100Hz Full 100Hz -112dBm 6690.0 (900) /
7605.9 (2.4)		 10000
3 100Hz 100Hz -117dBm 9280.0 10000
2 50Hz 50Hz -120dBm (900) /
-115dBm (2.4)		 19580 (900) /
10798 (2.4)		 20000
1 25Hz 25Hz -123dBm 30980 40000

What about SNR?

SNR stands for Signal to Noise ratio and compares RSSI dBm to the RF background noise level and is in dB units (not dBm), higher is better. Notice it compares the background noise level and not the Sensitivity Limit. The reported value changes quite a bit from packet to packet and what values are good depend on what packet rate is being used. The RF chip can only approximate the noise level and only registers a value so high above the noise floor leading to this value getting clipped. Add to that, LoRa modulation can actually receive data below the noise floor to some degree.

  • All FLRC modes (F1000, F500, D500, D250) always report 0 for SNR.
  • TBS Crossfire I believe reports SNR * 4-- their values can be much higher.

ExpressLRS uses an averaged SNR to control dynamic power, with the following low/high values. The lowest possible SNR a packet can still be received is 5-10dB lower than the "Raise Power" limit.

Team2.4

Packet Rate "Raise Power" (bad) SNR "Lower Power" (good) SNR
500Hz 5.0dB 9.5dB
333Hz Full 5.0dB 9.5dB
250Hz 3.0dB 8.5dB
150Hz 0.0dB 8.5dB
100Hz Full 0.0dB 8.5dB
50Hz -1.0dB 6.5dB

Team900

Packet Rate "Raise Power" (bad) SNR "Lower Power" (good) SNR
200Hz 1.0dB 3.0dB
100Hz Full 1.0dB 3.0dB
100Hz 1.0dB 2.5dB
50Hz 1.0dB 1.5dB
D50 1.0dB 3.0dB
25Hz -3.0dB 0.5dB

How far can I go on XmW?

Very far? This question is usually used in place of the actual question "Will I get good signal where I fly?" which is impossible to answer.

ExpressLRS 2.4GHz can go over 40km at 250Hz 100mW on omnidirectional antennas with excellent LQI, or it can go 400m with less stellar LQI. By far the biggest factor in determining maximum range is direct line of sight. Blocking line of sight reduces RSSI dBm. A few trees or a building isn't going to keep you from flying due to ExpressLRS's excellent sensitivity even when line of sight isn't available, but range is reduced a bit for every physical object between you and the receiver. Piloting from an elevated position can eliminate some ground obstacles and provide a measurable boost in range.

The second largest factor is interference. Interference is the clobbering of our packets by outside sources, such as WiFi on 2.4GHz or other ISM transmissions on 868/915MHz, and is seen as a drop in LQI well before the sensitivity limit. Increasing TX power output is usually not the solution you'd expect, where each doubling in output power only might only add 10% to the usable range due to interference.

#Team868/#Team915 or #Team2.4

Unfortunately, there is a misconception about the 2.4GHz range thanks to other radio protocols on the market. ExpressLRS uses LoRa, which has had some amazing results on 2.4GHz. Again, 40km on 100mW 250Hz on 2.4GHz. The advantages of 2.4GHz is that the antennas are 2.5x smaller than 915MHz antennas, and there's more spectrum for ExpressLRS to hop around in, opening up the air for more pilots at once. 868/915MHz does have increased penetration and is the ultimate king of long range flying, but penetration difference may not be as great as you think. The high sensitivity of ExpressLRS receivers allows them to fly places you wouldn't dream of flying FSK-based 2.4 receivers such as FrSky ACCST/ACCESS, FlySky AFHDS2A, Spektrum DMX, or Redpine.

RF noise

We have all heard the stories of racers powering up his TBS crossfire full module at 2W and causing people to fail-safe during a race. This happens because the 868/915MHz band has limited bandwidth. The solution for this is to use a low power mode during races, so you do not blast anyone out of the sky. 2.4GHz does not have this issue. Flite Test has a world record of having 179 RC airplanes in the sky using 2.4 GHz.

2.4GHz LoRa can also handle WiFi noise very well. Studies have been conducted with the coexistence of WiFi and LoRa bands.

868/915 does not have to worry about WiFi signal but it does have to worry about cell towers and other RF noise. You are fighting against thermostats, fire systems, burglar systems and any other device running on that band.

Binding ExpressLRS

Setup-Banner

Compatibility (click/tap to expand)

The first number in the Version string should match between a TX Module and a Receiver. Examples:

  • a TX Module with version string of 3.1.2 will sync and work with a Receiver with firmware version 3.0.1
  • a TX Module with version string of 3.2.0 will NOT sync or bind with a Receiver with firmware version 2.4.0
  • a Receiver with version string of 3.1.2 will sync and work with a TX Module with firmware version 3.0.1
  • a Receiver with version string of 3.2.0 will NOT sync or bind with a TX Module with firmware version 2.4.0
  • SPI-based Receivers on (official) Betaflight 4.3.1 and older will only sync or bind with ExpressLRS 2.x firmware
  • SPI-based Receivers on Betaflight 4.4.0 and newer will only sync or bind with ExpressLRS 3.x firmware

If your firmware versions are incompatible, NONE of the methods below will work.

See these pages on how to check the firmware version on your ExpressLRS devices:

There are TWO methods to Bind/Sync an ExpressLRS TX Module and a Receiver:

  1. Using a unique Binding Phrase
  2. The Traditional Binding Method

If you'll be updating or reflashing your ExpressLRS firmware into your device anyway, using a Binding Phrase is a no-brainer.

With the release of ExpressLRS v3.0, updating your Binding Phrase via the WebUI is an even more compelling reason to use a Binding Phrase.

Below are the different Binding Procedures for ExpressLRS.

Unique Phrase

You can select a short and simple Binding Phrase for your devices before flashing or updating using the field in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

Binding Phrase Field

Binding Phrase Field

Alternatively, you can also change the Binding Phrase via the WebUI if your device has WiFi capabilities and is already updated to ExpressLRS 3.0 or newer. See this page for the WebUI User's Guide.

Binding Phrase Field WebUI

Binding Phrase Field in the WebUI

We recommend using a unique phrase with at least 8 alpha-numeric characters. The best candidate is your Pilot Handle. This phrase need not be complicated or super-secret as it isn't a password or encryption key.

Is my binding phrase a secret? (click/tap to expand)

No, just like what channel your VTX is on is not a secret. The binding phrase is not for security, it is for anti-collision. If everyone kept their VTX channel a secret, the chances of you blasting someone out of the sky accidentally are pretty high. To provide the best chance of not interfering with other pilots and them not interfering with you, be sure you're not using the same dumb bind phrase as someone else. Express your style and some creativity with a hilarious or saucy bind phrase.

Traditional Binding

For traditional binding to work, a Binding Phrase must not be set, at least for the Receiver.

Notice

A Receiver flashed or set with a Binding Phrase WILL NOT initiate Manual Binding mode, however many times you try the procedure below. You must first reflash the receiver with the Binding Phrase field disabled and/or unset. Why would you not use a bind phrase though if you're already having to flash the RX anyway? 😁

The Receiver LED should also be blinking when powered up.

LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Receiver LED doesn't Blink (click/tap to expand)

Here are the things you can do if the Receiver is in Bootloader Mode:

  1. Check if the Boot button on the Receiver is being pressed or if it's damaged.

    • If the button is being pressed or pinched, remove the cause of the pressing or pinching. Heatshrink can sometimes press a button on the receiver.
    • If the button is damaged, remove the button or replace the receiver with a better one. Consider asking the seller for a replacement.

  2. If the receiver doesn't have a Boot button and instead has a Boot pad, check if the Boot pad is not connected to a Ground pad.

    • If the Boot pad is connected to a Ground pad, disconnect or remove the connection.

  3. Disconnect the RX and TX wires of the Receiver from the Flight Controller. Reconnect power to the drone or aircraft. Observe the LED on the Receiver once again.

    • If it starts Blinking Slowly (500ms Blink Pattern), you will need to move the receiver wiring to a different UART.
    • If the other UART is occupied by another peripheral, disconnect it and swap places with the Receiver.
    • If there is no other Full UART, you can try wiring a Pull-up Resistor: Connect a Resistor (300 Ohm to 1k Ohm value; a lower value is more effective) between this UART's RX pad and either a 5v or 3.3v pad as shown below:

    ExpressLRS Pull-up

  4. If you are using any of the Digital FPV systems like the DJI FPV Air Unit, Caddx Vista or DJI O3 Air Unit, and you wired or connected all six wires to your Flight Controller, you will need to remove the SBUS/DJI HDL wire.

The procedure is as follows:

  1. Power off your transmitter/radio.

  2. Power-cycle the receiver 3 times.

    • Supply power to the receiver.
    • The receiver LED lights up.
    • Turn it Off.
    • Repeat 2 more times.

    Caution

    This step is best done using a LiPo flight pack, so make sure you've wired your flight controller properly and checked for any shorts. You don't want to let out the blue smoke!

  3. Make sure the LED is doing a quick double-blink, which indicates the receiver is in bind mode.

    LEDSEQ_BINDING

  4. Power up your transmitter/radio and use the [BIND] button on the ExpressLRS Lua script, which sends out a binding pulse. The Popup will briefly show up and then disappear.

    Bind Mode

  5. If the receiver LED turned into a solid light, it's bound!

    CONNECTED

Connection Check

Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, look for a C in the top-right corner of the screen which indicates TX module and Receiver are Connected and Communicating.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. A C in the top-right corner should be visible indicating TX module and Receiver are connected and Communicating.

    Lua Loaded

Model Mismatch (click/tap to expand)

If the ExpressLRS Lua Script is showing a C in the top-right corner alright, but then that line disappears and is replaced with a line saying "Model Mismatch", do not worry. ExpressLRS has detected that the set Model ID in the Receiver is different from the Receiver ID set in the current Model in your Radio Model Configuration.

This is also indicated by the Receiver LED as 3 fast blinks then a pause:

LEDSEQ_MODEL_MISMATCH

If you've deliberately set up Model Matching following this page, make sure your settings are correct.

If the Model Match item in the ExpressLRS Lua is set to On, and you do want to use the Model Matching Feature, briefly set it to Off, then set it back to On to assign the current Receiver and Model ID to the Receiver.

Otherwise, simply set the Model Match item to Off.

If Model Match is set to Off, briefly set it to On and after a second or so, set it back to Off. This should clear the Model Match ID in the receiver.

This must be done while the TX module and Receiver are both powered up and connected/bound.

Binding ExpressLRS

Setup-Banner

Compatibility (click/tap to expand)

The first number in the Version string should match between a TX Module and a Receiver. Examples:

  • a TX Module with version string of 3.1.2 will sync and work with a Receiver with firmware version 3.0.1
  • a TX Module with version string of 3.2.0 will NOT sync or bind with a Receiver with firmware version 2.4.0
  • a Receiver with version string of 3.1.2 will sync and work with a TX Module with firmware version 3.0.1
  • a Receiver with version string of 3.2.0 will NOT sync or bind with a TX Module with firmware version 2.4.0
  • SPI-based Receivers on (official) Betaflight 4.3.1 and older will only sync or bind with ExpressLRS 2.x firmware
  • SPI-based Receivers on Betaflight 4.4.0 and newer will only sync or bind with ExpressLRS 3.x firmware

If your firmware versions are incompatible, NONE of the methods below will work.

See these pages on how to check the firmware version on your ExpressLRS devices:

There are TWO methods to Bind/Sync an ExpressLRS TX Module and a Receiver:

  1. Using a unique Binding Phrase
  2. The Traditional Binding Method

If you'll be updating or reflashing your ExpressLRS firmware into your device anyway, using a Binding Phrase is a no-brainer.

With the release of ExpressLRS v3.0, updating your Binding Phrase via the WebUI is an even more compelling reason to use a Binding Phrase.

Below are the different Binding Procedures for ExpressLRS.

Unique Phrase

You can select a short and simple Binding Phrase for your devices before flashing or updating using the field in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

Binding Phrase Field

Binding Phrase Field

Alternatively, you can also change the Binding Phrase via the WebUI if your device has WiFi capabilities and is already updated to ExpressLRS 3.0 or newer. See this page for the WebUI User's Guide.

Binding Phrase Field WebUI

Binding Phrase Field in the WebUI

We recommend using a unique phrase with at least 8 alpha-numeric characters. The best candidate is your Pilot Handle. This phrase need not be complicated or super-secret as it isn't a password or encryption key.

Is my binding phrase a secret? (click/tap to expand)

No, just like what channel your VTX is on is not a secret. The binding phrase is not for security, it is for anti-collision. If everyone kept their VTX channel a secret, the chances of you blasting someone out of the sky accidentally are pretty high. To provide the best chance of not interfering with other pilots and them not interfering with you, be sure you're not using the same dumb bind phrase as someone else. Express your style and some creativity with a hilarious or saucy bind phrase.

Traditional Binding

For traditional binding to work, a Binding Phrase must not be set, at least for the Receiver.

Notice

A Receiver flashed or set with a Binding Phrase WILL NOT initiate Manual Binding mode, however many times you try the procedure below. You must first reflash the receiver with the Binding Phrase field disabled and/or unset. Why would you not use a bind phrase though if you're already having to flash the RX anyway? 😁

The Receiver LED should also be blinking when powered up.

LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Receiver LED doesn't Blink (click/tap to expand)

Here are the things you can do if the Receiver is in Bootloader Mode:

  1. Check if the Boot button on the Receiver is being pressed or if it's damaged.

    • If the button is being pressed or pinched, remove the cause of the pressing or pinching. Heatshrink can sometimes press a button on the receiver.
    • If the button is damaged, remove the button or replace the receiver with a better one. Consider asking the seller for a replacement.

  2. If the receiver doesn't have a Boot button and instead has a Boot pad, check if the Boot pad is not connected to a Ground pad.

    • If the Boot pad is connected to a Ground pad, disconnect or remove the connection.

  3. Disconnect the RX and TX wires of the Receiver from the Flight Controller. Reconnect power to the drone or aircraft. Observe the LED on the Receiver once again.

    • If it starts Blinking Slowly (500ms Blink Pattern), you will need to move the receiver wiring to a different UART.
    • If the other UART is occupied by another peripheral, disconnect it and swap places with the Receiver.
    • If there is no other Full UART, you can try wiring a Pull-up Resistor: Connect a Resistor (300 Ohm to 1k Ohm value; a lower value is more effective) between this UART's RX pad and either a 5v or 3.3v pad as shown below:

    ExpressLRS Pull-up

  4. If you are using any of the Digital FPV systems like the DJI FPV Air Unit, Caddx Vista or DJI O3 Air Unit, and you wired or connected all six wires to your Flight Controller, you will need to remove the SBUS/DJI HDL wire.

The procedure is as follows:

  1. Power off your transmitter/radio.

  2. Power-cycle the receiver 3 times.

    • Supply power to the receiver.
    • The receiver LED lights up.
    • Turn it Off.
    • Repeat 2 more times.

    Caution

    This step is best done using a LiPo flight pack, so make sure you've wired your flight controller properly and checked for any shorts. You don't want to let out the blue smoke!

  3. Make sure the LED is doing a quick double-blink, which indicates the receiver is in bind mode.

    LEDSEQ_BINDING

  4. Power up your transmitter/radio and use the [BIND] button on the ExpressLRS Lua script, which sends out a binding pulse. The Popup will briefly show up and then disappear.

    Bind Mode

  5. If the receiver LED turned into a solid light, it's bound!

    CONNECTED

Connection Check

Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, look for a C in the top-right corner of the screen which indicates TX module and Receiver are Connected and Communicating.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. A C in the top-right corner should be visible indicating TX module and Receiver are connected and Communicating.

    Lua Loaded

Model Mismatch (click/tap to expand)

If the ExpressLRS Lua Script is showing a C in the top-right corner alright, but then that line disappears and is replaced with a line saying "Model Mismatch", do not worry. ExpressLRS has detected that the set Model ID in the Receiver is different from the Receiver ID set in the current Model in your Radio Model Configuration.

This is also indicated by the Receiver LED as 3 fast blinks then a pause:

LEDSEQ_MODEL_MISMATCH

If you've deliberately set up Model Matching following this page, make sure your settings are correct.

If the Model Match item in the ExpressLRS Lua is set to On, and you do want to use the Model Matching Feature, briefly set it to Off, then set it back to On to assign the current Receiver and Model ID to the Receiver.

Otherwise, simply set the Model Match item to Off.

If Model Match is set to Off, briefly set it to On and after a second or so, set it back to Off. This should clear the Model Match ID in the receiver.

This must be done while the TX module and Receiver are both powered up and connected/bound.

Getting Started

Setup-Banner

Welcome to the Quick Start Guide

Prerequisites

You should be comfortable navigating through your Radio Handset firmware (OpenTX/EdgeTX) and setting up models, as the guide on this website mainly covers setting up your radio for you to be able to use ExpressLRS.

Likewise, you should also be comfortable with your Flight Controller firmware (Betaflight, INAV, etc), as the guide only covers setting up your ExpressLRS receiver to work with your flight controller firmware.

What should I do first?

So you got your ExpressLRS Hardware, be it a new Radio Handset with an Internal ExpressLRS module, or an External ExpressLRS Module; and a set of ExpressLRS Receivers in a bundle or a Bind-and-Fly drone with the Receiver already wired up. Where do you start?

Here's our recommendation:

  1. Setup your Radio
  2. Check the TX Firmware Version
  3. Update the TX Module
  1. Wire your Receiver
  2. Configure your Flight Controller
  3. Check the Receiver Firmware Version
  4. Update the Receiver Firmware

After both of these, you can then proceed with the following:

How to Use or Navigate through the Guide

Guide Structure


This User Guide is organized to cater to both new and seasoned users of the system. The navigation menu on the left is arranged to start with getting the ExpressLRS Configurator installed, an Explanation of the Options available, Steps concerning the Radio and TX module, FC and Receiver setup, a "Before you Fly" page and a Troubleshooting page.


You can also use the Footer Navigation shown below to go through these steps:

Footer Navigation

For a specific hardware flashing guide, the pages are either in the Updating Receivers or Updating Transmitters sections organized semi-alphabetically.

Menu Updating Receivers

Menu Updating Transmitters

You can also use the Search Bar for any topic or info you are after:

Search Bar

Longer pages have a Table of Contents menu found on the right-hand side of the page.

Search Bar


Each Updating Method available for a device can be accessed by clicking on their respective Tab.


We hope these pages will help you get started with ExpressLRS and experience one of the best and most innovative RC links in the hobby.

If you have other questions or concerns, or maybe you need further help that isn't covered by this Guide, head over to our Discord Channel!

ExpressLRS Discord

Where are the Video Guides?

Due to the current fast pace of development, video guides often end up outdated faster than intended. Specific hardware guides sometimes use pre-release firmware targets or targets intended for different hardware which can confuse when specific firmware targets are added.

We will be adding a separate videos section soon, but for now, until we find high-quality, relevant and applicable guides, you are on your own. Please take note of the publication date for these videos to make sure they are still relevant.

Getting Started

Setup-Banner

Welcome to the Quick Start Guide

Prerequisites

You should be comfortable navigating through your Radio Handset firmware (OpenTX/EdgeTX) and setting up models, as the guide on this website mainly covers setting up your radio for you to be able to use ExpressLRS.

Likewise, you should also be comfortable with your Flight Controller firmware (Betaflight, INAV, etc), as the guide only covers setting up your ExpressLRS receiver to work with your flight controller firmware.

What should I do first?

So you got your ExpressLRS Hardware, be it a new Radio Handset with an Internal ExpressLRS module, or an External ExpressLRS Module; and a set of ExpressLRS Receivers in a bundle or a Bind-and-Fly drone with the Receiver already wired up. Where do you start?

Here's our recommendation:

  1. Setup your Radio
  2. Check the TX Firmware Version
  3. Update the TX Module
  1. Wire your Receiver
  2. Configure your Flight Controller
  3. Check the Receiver Firmware Version
  4. Update the Receiver Firmware

After both of these, you can then proceed with the following:

How to Use or Navigate through the Guide

Guide Structure


This User Guide is organized to cater to both new and seasoned users of the system. The navigation menu on the left is arranged to start with getting the ExpressLRS Configurator installed, an Explanation of the Options available, Steps concerning the Radio and TX module, FC and Receiver setup, a "Before you Fly" page and a Troubleshooting page.


You can also use the Footer Navigation shown below to go through these steps:

Footer Navigation

For a specific hardware flashing guide, the pages are either in the Updating Receivers or Updating Transmitters sections organized semi-alphabetically.

Menu Updating Receivers

Menu Updating Transmitters

You can also use the Search Bar for any topic or info you are after:

Search Bar

Longer pages have a Table of Contents menu found on the right-hand side of the page.

Search Bar


Each Updating Method available for a device can be accessed by clicking on their respective Tab.


We hope these pages will help you get started with ExpressLRS and experience one of the best and most innovative RC links in the hobby.

If you have other questions or concerns, or maybe you need further help that isn't covered by this Guide, head over to our Discord Channel!

ExpressLRS Discord

Where are the Video Guides?

Due to the current fast pace of development, video guides often end up outdated faster than intended. Specific hardware guides sometimes use pre-release firmware targets or targets intended for different hardware which can confuse when specific firmware targets are added.

We will be adding a separate videos section soon, but for now, until we find high-quality, relevant and applicable guides, you are on your own. Please take note of the publication date for these videos to make sure they are still relevant.

Installing the Configurator

Setup-Banner

There are two ways to build and flash ExpressLRS:

  1. ExpressLRS Configurator (Recommended)
  2. Development toolchain setup (For advanced users)

Configurator Setup

Download the latest ExpressLRS Configurator application for your platform, following the instructions written by jurgelenas.

Configurator

ExpressLRS Configurator

The targets for each of the supported hardware can be seen on the individual device pages. Use the navigation menu on the left to get to the specific hardware page.

On the next page, you will find the different Firmware Options you can set along with their explanations.

Installing the Configurator

Setup-Banner

There are two ways to build and flash ExpressLRS:

  1. ExpressLRS Configurator (Recommended)
  2. Development toolchain setup (For advanced users)

Configurator Setup

Download the latest ExpressLRS Configurator application for your platform, following the instructions written by jurgelenas.

Configurator

ExpressLRS Configurator

The targets for each of the supported hardware can be seen on the individual device pages. Use the navigation menu on the left to get to the specific hardware page.

On the next page, you will find the different Firmware Options you can set along with their explanations.

LED Status

Transmitter Module LED Status

If fitted with an RGB LED, ExpressLRS uses it to communicate the status of the transmitter module.

The conditions and status LED are as follows:

LED Indication Status
Rainbow fade effect Starting Up
Green heartbeat Web update mode enabled
Blue heartbeat Bluetooth joystick enabled
Red flashing 100ms on/off Radio chip not detected
One Orange flash every second No handset connection
Solid single color Connected to receiver, color indicates packet rate
Fading single color No connection to receiver, color indicates packet rate

Receiver LED Status

Receivers with a single color LED communicate their status as follows:

LED Indication Status
LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED Slow blink 500ms on/off Waiting for connection from transmitter
LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE Fast blinking 25ms on/off WiFi mode enabled
LEDSEQ_RADIO_FAILED Medium speed blink 100ms on/off Radio chip not detected
LEDSEQ_BINDING Double blink then pause Binding mode enabled
LEDSEQ_MODEL_MISMATCH Triple blink then pause Connected to transmitter but mismatched model-match configuration
CONNECTED Solid on Connected to a transmitter, or bootloader mode enabled

Receivers with RGB LED show status as indicated below:

LED Indication Status
Rainbow fade effect Starting Up
Green heartbeat Web update mode enabled
Slow blink 500ms on/off Waiting for connection from transmitter
Red flashing 100ms on/off Radio chip not detected
Orange Double blink then pause Binding mode enabled
Orange Triple blink then pause Connected to transmitter but mismatched model-match configuration
Solid single color Connected to a transmitter, color indicates packet rate

LED Status

Transmitter Module LED Status

If fitted with an RGB LED, ExpressLRS uses it to communicate the status of the transmitter module.

The conditions and status LED are as follows:

LED Indication Status
Rainbow fade effect Starting Up
Green heartbeat Web update mode enabled
Blue heartbeat Bluetooth joystick enabled
Red flashing 100ms on/off Radio chip not detected
One Orange flash every second No handset connection
Solid single color Connected to receiver, color indicates packet rate
Fading single color No connection to receiver, color indicates packet rate

Receiver LED Status

Receivers with a single color LED communicate their status as follows:

LED Indication Status
LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED Slow blink 500ms on/off Waiting for connection from transmitter
LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE Fast blinking 25ms on/off WiFi mode enabled
LEDSEQ_RADIO_FAILED Medium speed blink 100ms on/off Radio chip not detected
LEDSEQ_BINDING Double blink then pause Binding mode enabled
LEDSEQ_MODEL_MISMATCH Triple blink then pause Connected to transmitter but mismatched model-match configuration
CONNECTED Solid on Connected to a transmitter, or bootloader mode enabled

Receivers with RGB LED show status as indicated below:

LED Indication Status
Rainbow fade effect Starting Up
Green heartbeat Web update mode enabled
Slow blink 500ms on/off Waiting for connection from transmitter
Red flashing 100ms on/off Radio chip not detected
Orange Double blink then pause Binding mode enabled
Orange Triple blink then pause Connected to transmitter but mismatched model-match configuration
Solid single color Connected to a transmitter, color indicates packet rate

Axisflying Thor

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Axis Thor RX connection

Axis Thor

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Axisflying Thor

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Axis Thor RX connection

Axis Thor

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

BetaFPV SuperD 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. As this receiver uses an RGB LED as indicator, it will appear as if the receiver is OFF when in Bootloader mode. The firmware that drives the RGB LED is inactive when the ESP Chip is in Bootloader mode, thus the RGB LED will not function when in this state.

betafpv SuperD

BetaFPV SuperD Diversity Receiver, ESP-based

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have connected the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

BetaFPV SuperD 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. As this receiver uses an RGB LED as indicator, it will appear as if the receiver is OFF when in Bootloader mode. The firmware that drives the RGB LED is inactive when the ESP Chip is in Bootloader mode, thus the RGB LED will not function when in this state.

betafpv SuperD

BetaFPV SuperD Diversity Receiver, ESP-based

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have connected the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

BetaFPV SuperD 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. As this receiver uses an RGB LED as indicator, it will appear as if the receiver is OFF when in Bootloader mode. The firmware that drives the RGB LED is inactive when the ESP Chip is in Bootloader mode, thus the RGB LED will not function when in this state.

betafpv SuperD

BetaFPV SuperD Diversity Receiver, ESP-based

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have connected the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

BetaFPV SuperD 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. As this receiver uses an RGB LED as indicator, it will appear as if the receiver is OFF when in Bootloader mode. The firmware that drives the RGB LED is inactive when the ESP Chip is in Bootloader mode, thus the RGB LED will not function when in this state.

betafpv SuperD

BetaFPV SuperD Diversity Receiver, ESP-based

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have connected the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV SuperD 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

BetaFPV Lite & Nano 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

BetaFPV RX connection

BetaFPV Nano

BetaFPV RX Lite connection

BetaFPV Lite (Flat & Tower)

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz AIO RX (AIOs with UART-based Receivers)

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz AIO RX (AIOs with UART-based Receivers)

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz AIO RX (AIOs with UART-based Receivers)

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz AIO RX (AIOs with UART-based Receivers)

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

BetaFPV Lite & Nano 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

BetaFPV RX connection

BetaFPV Nano

BetaFPV RX Lite connection

BetaFPV Lite (Flat & Tower)

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz AIO RX (AIOs with UART-based Receivers)

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz AIO RX (AIOs with UART-based Receivers)

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz AIO RX (AIOs with UART-based Receivers)

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano RX (Nano)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Lite RX (Tower & Flat)
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz AIO RX (AIOs with UART-based Receivers)

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

BetaFPV Nano 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

BetaFPV RX connection

BetaFPV Nano

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

BetaFPV Nano 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

BetaFPV RX connection

BetaFPV Nano

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Configuring FC

Setup-Banner

Serial RX Setup

Once you've wired up your Receiver to your Flight Controller, you need to setup the UART for Serial RX. This is usually done on the Ports Tab of your Flight Controller Configurator.

In the example below, the Receiver is wired to UART1 (TX1 and RX1 pads), and so the Serial RX column should be enabled on UART1 in the Ports Tab.

NOTE

This is ONLY an example. Set your Ports according to how your peripherals, including the Receiver, are wired up.

Ports Tab

Example Betaflight Serial RX Configuration

INAV Ports

Example INAV Serial RX Configuration

Serial Receiver Protocol

UART-based ExpressLRS Receivers use the CRSF Serial Protocol to communicate with a Flight Controller.

Follow the steps below to set up your Serial Receiver Protocol:

  1. Navigate to Receiver Tab on your Flight Controller Configurator.

  2. Set Receiver Mode or Receiver Type to Serial.

  3. Set Serial Receiver Provider to CRSF.

  4. Set Telemetry to Enabled.

    • On INAV, Telemetry can be found under the Configuration Tab.

  5. Make sure you set RSSI Channel to Disabled if you are using an Analog FPV System, or any FPV System with MSP DisplayPort or "Canvas Mode" support.

    • Also make sure RSSI ADC is Disabled.

Note

The Location or Labels of these settings can change from version to version of your Flight Controller Configurator. Please consult your Flight Controller Configurator User Guides.

Conf Tab

INAV Config

INAV Config

Software Inversion and Duplex Modes

The CRSF Protocol requires a full UART pair, uninverted and in full-duplex mode. To check for these settings, use the CLI Tab of your Flight Controller Configurator and execute get serialrx.

  • serialrx_inverted should be OFF; configure it with set serialrx_inverted = off.
  • serialrx_halfduplex should be OFF; configure it with set serialrx_halfduplex = off.
  • Don't forget to use save once you're done setting these up.

Important

Close your Flight Controller Configurator once you've set it up for ExpressLRS. Keeping it open could prevent the next steps from completing properly, particularly flashing via Passthrough. You must also unplug the FC from USB before proceeding to the next steps to refresh the connection.

With your Flight Controller configured, you can now proceed to the next step: Checking RX Firmware Version.

Configuring FC

Setup-Banner

Serial RX Setup

Once you've wired up your Receiver to your Flight Controller, you need to setup the UART for Serial RX. This is usually done on the Ports Tab of your Flight Controller Configurator.

In the example below, the Receiver is wired to UART1 (TX1 and RX1 pads), and so the Serial RX column should be enabled on UART1 in the Ports Tab.

NOTE

This is ONLY an example. Set your Ports according to how your peripherals, including the Receiver, are wired up.

Ports Tab

Example Betaflight Serial RX Configuration

INAV Ports

Example INAV Serial RX Configuration

Serial Receiver Protocol

UART-based ExpressLRS Receivers use the CRSF Serial Protocol to communicate with a Flight Controller.

Follow the steps below to set up your Serial Receiver Protocol:

  1. Navigate to Receiver Tab on your Flight Controller Configurator.

  2. Set Receiver Mode or Receiver Type to Serial.

  3. Set Serial Receiver Provider to CRSF.

  4. Set Telemetry to Enabled.

    • On INAV, Telemetry can be found under the Configuration Tab.

  5. Make sure you set RSSI Channel to Disabled if you are using an Analog FPV System, or any FPV System with MSP DisplayPort or "Canvas Mode" support.

    • Also make sure RSSI ADC is Disabled.

Note

The Location or Labels of these settings can change from version to version of your Flight Controller Configurator. Please consult your Flight Controller Configurator User Guides.

Conf Tab

INAV Config

INAV Config

Software Inversion and Duplex Modes

The CRSF Protocol requires a full UART pair, uninverted and in full-duplex mode. To check for these settings, use the CLI Tab of your Flight Controller Configurator and execute get serialrx.

  • serialrx_inverted should be OFF; configure it with set serialrx_inverted = off.
  • serialrx_halfduplex should be OFF; configure it with set serialrx_halfduplex = off.
  • Don't forget to use save once you're done setting these up.

Important

Close your Flight Controller Configurator once you've set it up for ExpressLRS. Keeping it open could prevent the next steps from completing properly, particularly flashing via Passthrough. You must also unplug the FC from USB before proceeding to the next steps to refresh the connection.

With your Flight Controller configured, you can now proceed to the next step: Checking RX Firmware Version.

DIY 2400RX

Setup-Banner

Flashing via Passthrough

  • Targets:
    • DIY_2400_RX_ESP8285_SX1280_via_BetaflightPassthrough
    • DIY_2400_RX_STM32_CCG_Nano_v0_5_via_BetaflightPassthrough
  • Target: DIY_2400_RX_STM32_CCG_Nano_v0_5_via_STLINK

Flashing via WiFi

  • Target: DIY_2400_RX_ESP8285_SX1280_via_WIFI

Flashing via FTDI

  • Target: DIY_2400_RX_ESP8285_SX1280_via_UART

Please consult the Hardware Repo for your particular receiver.

DIY 2400RX

Setup-Banner

Flashing via Passthrough

  • Targets:
    • DIY_2400_RX_ESP8285_SX1280_via_BetaflightPassthrough
    • DIY_2400_RX_STM32_CCG_Nano_v0_5_via_BetaflightPassthrough
  • Target: DIY_2400_RX_STM32_CCG_Nano_v0_5_via_STLINK

Flashing via WiFi

  • Target: DIY_2400_RX_ESP8285_SX1280_via_WIFI

Flashing via FTDI

  • Target: DIY_2400_RX_ESP8285_SX1280_via_UART

Please consult the Hardware Repo for your particular receiver.

DIY 900RX

Setup-Banner

Flashing via Passthrough

  • Target: DIY_900_RX_ESP8285_SX127x_via_BetaflightPassthrough

Flashing via FTDI

  • Target: DIY_900_RX_ESP8285_SX127x_via_UART

Please consult the Hardware Repo for your particular receiver.

DIY 900RX

Setup-Banner

Flashing via Passthrough

  • Target: DIY_900_RX_ESP8285_SX127x_via_BetaflightPassthrough

Flashing via FTDI

  • Target: DIY_900_RX_ESP8285_SX127x_via_UART

Please consult the Hardware Repo for your particular receiver.

Checking FW Version

Setup-Banner

Why do you have to know the Firmware Version?

Knowing the ExpressLRS Firmware Version that's currently in your devices will determine whether there is a need to update to a newer version or whether you can simply get your devices bound together without updating. For newcomers in the hobby, or for those just starting with ExpressLRS, it can be a bit daunting to flash a new device.

It is still recommended that you update your gear to the latest firmware version to ensure you have all the bugfixes and latest features.

Receiver Firmware Version

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the previous step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

  2. Scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also, try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  3. Load the Web UI on your browser using these addresses:

    • http://10.0.0.1/ -If you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point

      Note

      This IP address is also often used by some routers. Computers with an ethernet connection to their routers will find that this page doesn't load the ExpressLRS Web UI and instead loads their router or ISP modem configuration dashboards.

      We recommend disconnecting from the network first or trying a different device instead, e.g. smartphone or tablet.

    • http://elrs_rx.local - If you have previously set your Home WiFi SSID and Password into your Receiver when you flashed it.

      Note

      If your browser cannot resolve this address, chances are MDNS is not set up and working on your computer or network.

      Use the IP Address instead! (click/tap to expand)
      1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
      2. Execute the command arp -a which will list all the devices in the Network.
      3. Try each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
      1. Log in to your Router dashboard.
      2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
      3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
      4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  4. The Banner of the Web UI should tell you the firmware version flashed into your Receiver.

    Web UI Banner
    The ExpressLRS Web UI Banner

Note

This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter Key to activate the Script.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll to the bottom of the page and select Other Devices.

  5. Press the Enter Key to open the Folder.

  6. Select the Receiver Device and Press Enter to query its parameters.

  7. The image below shows the Receiver Firmware Version info.

    • Shows the Happymodel EP Receiver has 3.2.1 Firmware Version with the Git Hash 8dbbdb.

    ExpressLRS RX Version Info Color
    Receiver Version Line on Colored Screen Radio

Once you have determined the firmware version that's currently flashed into your Receiver, you can now decide to whether keep using it as is or update to the latest version.

Versioning Scheme

The ExpressLRS Firmware Versioning scheme is based on the semantic versioning scheme.

A Version is defined or formatted as "Major.Minor.Patch"

- major = major new feature and/or incompatible changes
 - minor = minor features or enhancements and/or new targets
 - patch = bug-fixes
-

That first number in the Version string should match between a TX Module and a Receiver. Examples:

  • a Receiver with version string of 3.1.2 will sync and work with a TX Module with firmware version 3.0.1
  • a Receiver with version string of 3.2.0 will NOT sync or bind with a TX Module with firmware version 2.4.0

For the latest ExpressLRS firmware version, check the Releases page in Git Hub

I Know the Version. What Now?

See the next page for the typical updating procedure or expand the Updating Receivers section of the Menu on the left shown below.

Menu Updating Receivers

You can also use the Search Bar on top of this page to search for the specific Updating/Flashing Guide for your Receiver.

See the Binding Procedure to sync your Receiver with your TX Module.

NamimnoRC Flash

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Check your Target

There are more ESP8285 based RXes in the market due to massive shortage of STM32 Chips. These support WiFi updating, and can be easily distinguished with a few tricks. The simplest way to tell is if on the rear of the RX (the side without the U.fl/SMD antenna) there is a large white component with the label RainSun (pictured below). If this is not there, you have an STM32 based target, if it is you have an _ESP_ target, and can update using Wifi!

RainSun Antenna

Note

New versions of the receiver also have the PCB Wifi Antenna, and doesn't have the Rainsun SMD Antenna mentioned above. These will use the same ESP-based Target, not the STM-based target.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX Module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

NamimnoRC Flash

Flash v1; ESP-based

NamimnoRC Flash V2 SMD

Flash V2 SMD; ESP-based

NamimnoRC Flash V2 T

Flash V2 T-Dipole; ESP-based

NamimnoRC Flash V2 Diversity

Flash V2 Diversity; ESP-based

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware (ESP-based)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Updating your Receiver Firmware (STM-based)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash STM 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash STM 2.4GHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

NamimnoRC Flash

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Check your Target

There are more ESP8285 based RXes in the market due to massive shortage of STM32 Chips. These support WiFi updating, and can be easily distinguished with a few tricks. The simplest way to tell is if on the rear of the RX (the side without the U.fl/SMD antenna) there is a large white component with the label RainSun (pictured below). If this is not there, you have an STM32 based target, if it is you have an _ESP_ target, and can update using Wifi!

RainSun Antenna

Note

New versions of the receiver also have the PCB Wifi Antenna, and doesn't have the Rainsun SMD Antenna mentioned above. These will use the same ESP-based Target, not the STM-based target.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX Module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

NamimnoRC Flash

Flash v1; ESP-based

NamimnoRC Flash V2 SMD

Flash V2 SMD; ESP-based

NamimnoRC Flash V2 T

Flash V2 T-Dipole; ESP-based

NamimnoRC Flash V2 Diversity

Flash V2 Diversity; ESP-based

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware (ESP-based)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash ESP 2.4GHz RX
      • NamimnoRC Flash 100mW Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Updating your Receiver Firmware (STM-based)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash STM 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash STM 2.4GHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

Foxeer LNA & Lite 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Foxeer ELRS

Foxeer LNA and Lite ELRS 2.4GHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Foxeer LNA & Lite 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Foxeer ELRS

Foxeer LNA and Lite ELRS 2.4GHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Foxeer 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Foxeer Lite 2.4GHz RX
      • Foxeer 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

GEPRC Nano 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

GEPRC Nano 2.4GHz

GEPRC Nano

GEPRC NanoSE 2.4GHz

GEPRC Nano SE

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

GEPRC Nano 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

GEPRC Nano 2.4GHz

GEPRC Nano

GEPRC NanoSE 2.4GHz

GEPRC Nano SE

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano(SE) 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

GEPRC Nano 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

GEPRC 900MHz

GEPRC Nano 900MHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

GEPRC Nano 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

GEPRC 900MHz

GEPRC Nano 900MHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • GEPRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • GEPRC Nano 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

IMRC Ghost

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating your Receiver Firmware

Note

The only way to flash the Ghost Atto/Zepto to ExpressLRS for the first time is by using STLink. This is a one-way process. There is no returning to the factory firmware after flashing.

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

    ghost atto
    IMRC Ghost

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • ImmersionRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Ghost Atto 2.4GHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

Note

This method can only be used to UPDATE the ExpressLRS firmware on a Ghost Atto/Zepto.

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured. Also make sure [bootloaders] are already flashed to your R9 receiver when applicable.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • ImmersionRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Ghost Atto 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

IMRC Ghost

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating your Receiver Firmware

Note

The only way to flash the Ghost Atto/Zepto to ExpressLRS for the first time is by using STLink. This is a one-way process. There is no returning to the factory firmware after flashing.

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

    ghost atto
    IMRC Ghost

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • ImmersionRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Ghost Atto 2.4GHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

Note

This method can only be used to UPDATE the ExpressLRS firmware on a Ghost Atto/Zepto.

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured. Also make sure [bootloaders] are already flashed to your R9 receiver when applicable.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • ImmersionRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Ghost Atto 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz

HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz

HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

HGLRC Hermes 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

HGLRC Hermes RX 900MHz

HGLRC Hermes 900MHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

HGLRC Hermes 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

HGLRC Hermes RX 900MHz

HGLRC Hermes 900MHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Happymodel EP

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

HM2400 connection

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up.

    • The file for the EP1 or EP2 receivers will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.
    • The file for the EP Dual will be in bin format (firmware.bin).


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up.

    • The file for the EP1 or EP2 receivers will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.
    • The file for the EP Dual will be in bin format (firmware.bin).


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Happymodel EP

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

HM2400 connection

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up.

    • The file for the EP1 or EP2 receivers will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.
    • The file for the EP Dual will be in bin format (firmware.bin).


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up.

    • The file for the EP1 or EP2 receivers will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.
    • The file for the EP Dual will be in bin format (firmware.bin).


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel EP1/EP2 2.4GHz RX (EP1 & EP2)
      • HappyModel EP Dual 2.4GHz RX (EP Dual)

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Happymodel ES900RX

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX Module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

HM2400 connection

Happymodel ES900RX

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware (ES900RX)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up.

    • The file for the ES900 receivers will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.
    • The file for the ES900 Dual will be in bin format (firmware.bin).


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up.

    • The file for the ES900 receivers will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.
    • The file for the ES900 Dual will be in bin format (firmware.bin).


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Updating your Receiver Firmware (ES915RX/ES868RX)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES915 RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES915 RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

Happymodel ES900RX

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX Module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

HM2400 connection

Happymodel ES900RX

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware (ES900RX)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up.

    • The file for the ES900 receivers will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.
    • The file for the ES900 Dual will be in bin format (firmware.bin).


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up.

    • The file for the ES900 receivers will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.
    • The file for the ES900 Dual will be in bin format (firmware.bin).


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 RX
      • HappyModel ES900 Dual RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Updating your Receiver Firmware (ES915RX/ES868RX)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES915 RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES915 RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

Happymodel PP

Setup-Banner

Wiring up your receiver

HM2400 connection

Happymodel PP

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

Note

The PP doesn't have a Boot pad so there's no need to bridge any pads.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed smoothly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy (of high importance with the Passthrough Flashing Method).

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel PP 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

    PP STLink

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel PP 2.4GHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller following the Receiver Wiring guide.

Happymodel PP

Setup-Banner

Wiring up your receiver

HM2400 connection

Happymodel PP

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

Note

The PP doesn't have a Boot pad so there's no need to bridge any pads.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed smoothly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy (of high importance with the Passthrough Flashing Method).

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel PP 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

    PP STLink

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel PP 2.4GHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller following the Receiver Wiring guide.

iFlight 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

iFlight Dipole

IFlight 2.4GHz

iFlight SMD

IFlight 2.4GHz

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

iFlight 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

iFlight Dipole

IFlight 2.4GHz

iFlight SMD

IFlight 2.4GHz

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

iFlight 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

iFlight Dipole

IFlight 900MHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

iFlight 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

iFlight Dipole

IFlight 900MHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • iFlight 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Jumper Aion Nano

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Jumper Aion RX

Jumper Aion Mini/Nano

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Take Note

The Jumper Aion Mini has its antenna near the center, beside the boot button. The Jumper Aion Nano has its antenna near the edge, with another chip beside it.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Jumper Aion Nano

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Jumper Aion RX

Jumper Aion Mini/Nano

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Take Note

The Jumper Aion Mini has its antenna near the center, beside the boot button. The Jumper Aion Nano has its antenna near the edge, with another chip beside it.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Mini 2.4GHz RX
      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Jumper R9 Mini

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating your Receiver Firmware

Note

The only way to flash the Jumper R9 Mini to ExpressLRS for the first time is by using STLink. This is a one-way process. There is no returning to the factory firmware after flashing.

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Connect + to 3v3, - to GND, C to CLK and D to DIO.

    Jumper R9 Mini
    Jumper R9 Mini

    Because those pins are so small one option is to only solder wires on the CLK and DIO then power the receiver with the 5v pin with an external power source. Connect - (Gnd) to both power source and the STLink dongle.

  3. Disable 'Readout Protection'. To do this download the ST-LINK Utility and follow this quick how to video. Or alternatively under linux you can use OpenOCD.

    How to video:

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper 900 Mini RX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  11. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller. Connect RX2 and TX2 (you will need to solder on the STM32 pins; see step 2 above) to a flight controller. Configure your flight controller per the FC Configuration Guide.

Note

This method can only be used to UPDATE the ExpressLRS firmware on a Jumper R9 mini.

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured. Also make sure [bootloaders] are already flashed to your R9 receiver when applicable.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • If you have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver, make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper 900 Mini RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Jumper R9 Mini

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating your Receiver Firmware

Note

The only way to flash the Jumper R9 Mini to ExpressLRS for the first time is by using STLink. This is a one-way process. There is no returning to the factory firmware after flashing.

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Connect + to 3v3, - to GND, C to CLK and D to DIO.

    Jumper R9 Mini
    Jumper R9 Mini

    Because those pins are so small one option is to only solder wires on the CLK and DIO then power the receiver with the 5v pin with an external power source. Connect - (Gnd) to both power source and the STLink dongle.

  3. Disable 'Readout Protection'. To do this download the ST-LINK Utility and follow this quick how to video. Or alternatively under linux you can use OpenOCD.

    How to video:

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper 900 Mini RX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  11. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller. Connect RX2 and TX2 (you will need to solder on the STM32 pins; see step 2 above) to a flight controller. Configure your flight controller per the FC Configuration Guide.

Note

This method can only be used to UPDATE the ExpressLRS firmware on a Jumper R9 mini.

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured. Also make sure [bootloaders] are already flashed to your R9 receiver when applicable.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • If you have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver, make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper 900 Mini RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Matek R24

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Matek R24-d

R24-D Diversity

Matek R24-d

R24-S SMD

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Matek R24

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Matek R24-d

R24-D Diversity

Matek R24-d

R24-S SMD

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Matek Systems 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • MATEK R24-S 2.4GHz RX
      • MATEK R24-D 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Frsky R9

Setup-Banner

Bootloaders

The R9Mini/R9MM, R9MX and R9Slim+ require ExpressLRS Bootloaders to be flashed before the ExpressLRS firmware. The R9Slim doesn't have a bootloader and first time flash requires STLink.

Download the bootloader .frk file for your respective receiver. The files are as follows:

Copy the relevant file to your handset's SD card (You can put it inside /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

Wire the receiver to your radio's Smart Port, as shown:

BL Flashing

Next, flash the .frk via the S.port flashing option in OpenTX or EdgeTX ⚡ (It helps if the External RF module is set to PPM mode.)

  • Open the System Menu on the Radio
    • For radio handsets with dedicated System Key, press the SYS Key.
    • For radio handsets with a single Menu Key, long-press the Menu Key.
  • Press the Page Key until you reach the SD-HC Card page.
  • Select the FIRMWARE folder and press Enter.
  • Select the .frk bootloader file then long-press the Enter Key.
  • Select Flash external module and press Enter
  • Press Enter once the Writing is complete.

Once done, unplug the receiver and your bootloader is flashed.

FYI

You only need to flash the Bootloader ONCE. After it's flashed into the receiver, you don't have to reflash it in every update.

R9Slim doesn't have a bootloader. As such, you need to flash it first via STLink.

Troubleshooting No Sync

  • Setting the External RF module to PPM mode helps.
  • Check if the receiver has its LED lit up or if it's powered.
  • Check whether you've set your Max Bauds to 115200, especially if you're using a QX7 or an X9D (on OneBit Firmwares or EdgeTX). If so, put it back to 400000 and try again.

Wiring up your receiver

FC Wiring

Wiring up receiver

Note

This will be the same wiring you'll use for flying and the subsequent firmware updates (via Passthrough). Forget the factory wiring guide!

R9Slim need to be flashed via STLink first before you wire it up to your Flight Controller.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply on INAV, Betaflight and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be setup so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured. Also make sure bootloaders are already flashed to your R9 receiver when applicable.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button once the green and red LEDs blink alternately.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • FrSky 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • FrSky R9MM/Mini 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9MX 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9 Slim 900MHz RX (If already flashed via STLink)
      • FrSky R9 Slim Plus 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9 Slim Plus OTA 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

    r9mm_mini pinout
    R9Mini/R9MM

    r9mx STLink connection
    R9MX

    r9slim STLINK connection
    R9Slim/R9Slim+

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • FrSky 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • FrSky R9MM/Mini 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9MX 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9 Slim 900MHz RX (If already flashed via STLink)
      • FrSky R9 Slim Plus 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9 Slim Plus OTA 900MHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

Frsky R9

Setup-Banner

Bootloaders

The R9Mini/R9MM, R9MX and R9Slim+ require ExpressLRS Bootloaders to be flashed before the ExpressLRS firmware. The R9Slim doesn't have a bootloader and first time flash requires STLink.

Download the bootloader .frk file for your respective receiver. The files are as follows:

Copy the relevant file to your handset's SD card (You can put it inside /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

Wire the receiver to your radio's Smart Port, as shown:

BL Flashing

Next, flash the .frk via the S.port flashing option in OpenTX or EdgeTX ⚡ (It helps if the External RF module is set to PPM mode.)

  • Open the System Menu on the Radio
    • For radio handsets with dedicated System Key, press the SYS Key.
    • For radio handsets with a single Menu Key, long-press the Menu Key.
  • Press the Page Key until you reach the SD-HC Card page.
  • Select the FIRMWARE folder and press Enter.
  • Select the .frk bootloader file then long-press the Enter Key.
  • Select Flash external module and press Enter
  • Press Enter once the Writing is complete.

Once done, unplug the receiver and your bootloader is flashed.

FYI

You only need to flash the Bootloader ONCE. After it's flashed into the receiver, you don't have to reflash it in every update.

R9Slim doesn't have a bootloader. As such, you need to flash it first via STLink.

Troubleshooting No Sync

  • Setting the External RF module to PPM mode helps.
  • Check if the receiver has its LED lit up or if it's powered.
  • Check whether you've set your Max Bauds to 115200, especially if you're using a QX7 or an X9D (on OneBit Firmwares or EdgeTX). If so, put it back to 400000 and try again.

Wiring up your receiver

FC Wiring

Wiring up receiver

Note

This will be the same wiring you'll use for flying and the subsequent firmware updates (via Passthrough). Forget the factory wiring guide!

R9Slim need to be flashed via STLink first before you wire it up to your Flight Controller.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply on INAV, Betaflight and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be setup so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured. Also make sure bootloaders are already flashed to your R9 receiver when applicable.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button once the green and red LEDs blink alternately.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • FrSky 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • FrSky R9MM/Mini 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9MX 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9 Slim 900MHz RX (If already flashed via STLink)
      • FrSky R9 Slim Plus 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9 Slim Plus OTA 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

    r9mm_mini pinout
    R9Mini/R9MM

    r9mx STLink connection
    R9MX

    r9slim STLINK connection
    R9Slim/R9Slim+

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • FrSky 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • FrSky R9MM/Mini 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9MX 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9 Slim 900MHz RX (If already flashed via STLink)
      • FrSky R9 Slim Plus 900MHz RX
      • FrSky R9 Slim Plus OTA 900MHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

RadioMaster RP

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz wiring pinout

RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz

RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz wiring pinout

RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz

RadioMaster RP3 2.4GHz wiring pinout

RadioMaster RP3 2.4GHz

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

RadioMaster RP

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz wiring pinout

RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz

RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz wiring pinout

RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz

RadioMaster RP3 2.4GHz wiring pinout

RadioMaster RP3 2.4GHz

The images above show the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster RP1 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP2 2.4GHz RX
      • RadioMaster RP3 Diversity 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Siyi FR Mini

Setup-Banner

Note

This is only guaranteed to work on the v3.0 of the receiver.

Flashing/Updating your Receiver Firmware

Note

The only way to flash the FR Mini to ExpressLRS for the first time is using STLink. This is a one-way process, there is no returning to the stock firmware after flashing.

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO,RST, 3v3(VDD) and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

    NOTICE

    VDD is 3.3v ONLY! Do not connect 5v here! 🔥

    pinout

    stlink
    Siyi FR Mini

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • SIYI 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • SIYI FM30 Mini 2.4GHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

    Flight Controller FR Mini Receiver
    5V VDD
    GND GND
    RX TX2
    TX RX2

    pinout

    pinout

Thank you @JupaCreations for contributing.

Note

This method can only be used to UPDATE the ExpressLRS firmware on an FRmini.

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured. Also make sure [bootloaders] are already flashed to your R9 receiver when applicable.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • SIYI 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • SIYI FM30 Mini 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Siyi FR Mini

Setup-Banner

Note

This is only guaranteed to work on the v3.0 of the receiver.

Flashing/Updating your Receiver Firmware

Note

The only way to flash the FR Mini to ExpressLRS for the first time is using STLink. This is a one-way process, there is no returning to the stock firmware after flashing.

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO,RST, 3v3(VDD) and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

    NOTICE

    VDD is 3.3v ONLY! Do not connect 5v here! 🔥

    pinout

    stlink
    Siyi FR Mini

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • SIYI 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • SIYI FM30 Mini 2.4GHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

    Flight Controller FR Mini Receiver
    5V VDD
    GND GND
    RX TX2
    TX RX2

    pinout

    pinout

Thank you @JupaCreations for contributing.

Note

This method can only be used to UPDATE the ExpressLRS firmware on an FRmini.

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured. Also make sure [bootloaders] are already flashed to your R9 receiver when applicable.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • SIYI 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • SIYI FM30 Mini 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Typical Updating Steps

Setup-Banner

ESP-based Receiver Updating Methods

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it, then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Typical Updating Steps

Setup-Banner

ESP-based Receiver Updating Methods

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it, then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Vantac

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Vantac ELRS

Vantac ELRS 2.4GHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Vantac

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If this is the first time you're flashing/updating your receiver or you're updating it from a previous 2.x firmware via WiFi, first ensure that it has version 2.5.2. Once it has the 2.5.2 flashed, you can then update it to 3.x via WiFi.

If you're flashing it straight to 3.x and you're getting "Not Enough Space" popup during WiFi flashing, flash the receiver to 2.5.2 first, and then flash it to 3.x.

If receiver firmware is already 3.x, and you're still getting the "Not Enough Space" error when flashing via WiFi, make sure you are selecting the correct method in the Configurator(via WiFi, in this case). See the steps outlined below.

You can update straight to 3.x via Passthrough or via UART.

The Repartitioner is for TX only.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

Vantac ELRS

Vantac ELRS 2.4GHz

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • Plug in a LiPo if your receiver doesn't power up with just USB connected into the Flight Controller. Make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX) to keep it cool. You can also temporarily unplug the VTX from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac 2.4GHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

NamimnoRC Voyager

Setup-Banner

Check your Target

There are more ESP8285 based RXes in the market due to massive shortage of STM32 Chips. These support WiFi updating, and can be easily distinguished with a few tricks. The simplest way to tell is if on the rear of the RX (the side without the U.fl/SMD antenna) there is a large white component with the label RainSun (pictured below). If this is not there, you have an STM32 based target, if it is you have an _ESP_ target, and can update using Wifi!

RainSun Antenna

Note

New versions of the receiver also have the PCB Wifi Antenna, and doesn't have the Rainsun SMD Antenna mentioned above. These will use the same ESP-based Target, not the STM-based target.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX Module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

NamimnoRC Voyager

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware (ESP-based)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • If you have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver, make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Updating your Receiver Firmware (STM-based)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager STM 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager STM 900MHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

NamimnoRC Voyager

Setup-Banner

Check your Target

There are more ESP8285 based RXes in the market due to massive shortage of STM32 Chips. These support WiFi updating, and can be easily distinguished with a few tricks. The simplest way to tell is if on the rear of the RX (the side without the U.fl/SMD antenna) there is a large white component with the label RainSun (pictured below). If this is not there, you have an STM32 based target, if it is you have an _ESP_ target, and can update using Wifi!

RainSun Antenna

Note

New versions of the receiver also have the PCB Wifi Antenna, and doesn't have the Rainsun SMD Antenna mentioned above. These will use the same ESP-based Target, not the STM-based target.

Wiring up your receiver

Note

There are Flight Controllers that will pull the RX pads LOW which will put the ESP-based receivers into Bootloader Mode unintentionally. A solid LED light on these receivers even with the TX Module off is a sign they are in Bootloader Mode. If this is the case, rewire the receiver to a different UART.

NamimnoRC Voyager

The image above shows the receiver pinouts and their connections. As we're dealing with a UART connection, RX on the receiver goes to a TX pad on the FC, and TX on the receiver goes to an uninverted RX pad on the FC.

See the Receiver Wiring page for a more in-depth guide and troubleshooting procedures. Some of the updating procedures below will not go through if your receiver is not wired correctly and behaving properly.

Configuring your Flight Controller

To configure your flight controller properly, please go through Configure FC page. These settings apply to INAV, Betaflight, and other flight controller software.

Ports Tab should be set up so that Serial RX is on the UART where you have soldered the receiver.

Receiver protocol is CRSF with serialrx_inverted = off and serialrx_halfduplex = off.

The next steps will not be able to proceed properly and you'll have issues later if any of these are set differently. Once you have configured your Flight Controller software, close its Configurator and unplug-replug the USB cable from the FC or your computer to refresh the connection and you'll be ensured that the port is not busy.

Some of the following procedures will not go through, particularly the via Passthrough method; or your receiver will not be fully functional, if these settings are incorrect.

Updating your Receiver Firmware (ESP-based)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • Power-cycle the Flight Controller.
      • If you plugged in LiPo, unplug it.
      • Unplug-replug the USB Cable from your Flight Controller or Computer.
      • If you have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver, make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via UART

  1. Connect your Receiver to your UART Adapter as shown in the image below.

    FTDI Wiring

    • YES, you will need to disconnect your Receiver from your Flight Controller and connect it to a UART/FTDI Adapter.

  2. If your Receiver has Boot Pads instead of a Boot Button, solder the Boot Pads together or connect it to Ground. If your Receiver has a Boot Button, locate it then press & hold it.

  3. Plug in your UART Adapter into a USB Port on your Computer.

    • The LED on the Receiver should light up Solid. If it's Blinking, repeat the previous step.
    Receiver LED already Solid (click/tap to expand)

    If the Receiver LED has become Solid from a failed update, and you're reflashing through this method, you still need to do the previous step: Manually putting the receiver into Bootloader Mode. This ensures the Receiver is indeed in a Bootloader state rather than some random boot loop.

  4. Determine whether your UART Adapter is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the UART Adapter is not being detected corrrectly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Common USB-to-UART Adapter chip include: CP210x, FTDI FT232, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is flashed or configured with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not appear.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  9. Once you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point, open up a Browser window and type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  10. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  11. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  12. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  13. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  14. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window should popup containing your firmware binaries. Temp RX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. The file will be in a gzip format (firmware.bin.gz). Use this file as is, without extracting or unzipping.


  7. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  8. With your receiver now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_rx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  9. Activate the Update Tab.

    Web UI Banner

    • If your Receiver is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  10. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  11. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  12. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  13. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your Receiver with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the device is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_rx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi mode.

    1. Power up your Receiver.

      • If you will have to plug in LiPo to power up your Receiver:

        • make sure you've already checked the wiring from the Receiver Wiring step.
        • make sure you have some airflow blowing over your Video Transmitter (VTX). You can also temporarily unplug it from the Flight Controller.

      • If it's already powered and connected or in-sync with a TX Module, power Off the Radio & TX Module first, then power-cycle (Turn Off, then Turn back On) the Receiver.

    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    Note

    This method only works if your Receiver is already in sync and bound with your TX Module.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The Receiver LED will turn into either a Rapid Blinking pattern or a Green Breathing LED pattern(for Receivers using an RGB LED) indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE

    My Receiver has Solid LED and won't go into WiFi Mode! (click/tap to expand)

    Go back to the Receiver Wiring step.

    If you have previously attempted updating your receiver, there's a possibility it was soft-bricked. Go over the Unbricking procedure to recover it.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager ESP 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Wifi Update Log

  8. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Updating your Receiver Firmware (STM-based)

via Passthrough

  1. Make sure you have done your Receiver Wiring properly and that your Flight Controller is Configured.

    Important Step!

    This is an important step and guarantees updating success. If you haven't done these, GO BACK to those pages.

    • Disconnect and close your FC Configurator app (Betaflight Configurator, INAV Configurator, etc).
    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Press and Hold the boot button on the receiver (not the FC) and then plug in the USB. Release the button right after the LED turn solid.
    • If your receiver only powers up with a LiPo connected to your flight controller, unplug it. Then unplug-replug the USB cable to your flight controller. Do not replug LiPo yet.

  2. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  3. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager STM 900MHz RX

  4. Set the Flashing Method to BetaflightPassthrough

    via Passthrough

  5. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  6. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  7. Wait for the Retry... lines to appear in the Build Log. Connect the LiPo to power up the Receiver if it only powers up with a LiPo connected.

    • Retry... lines will not show up if your receiver is already in bootloader mode and gets powered up by USB.

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

via STLink

  1. Disconnect the Receiver from your Flight Controller.

  2. Wire up the Receiver into an STLink V2 dongle. Find the CLK, DIO, 3v3 and Gnd pads and wire them to the corresponding pins of the dongle.

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your Receiver.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager STM 900MHz RX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. The LED on the Receiver should return to Slow Blinking LED pattern after a few seconds.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

  10. Rewire your receiver to your Flight Controller.

Receiver Wiring

Setup-Banner

Hot Tip

Manufacturer-suggested Receiver UARTs, or UARTs alloted for Receivers usually have a pull-down resistor to aid with SBUS (RX pad inversion) which will result into SOLID LEDs on the ESP-based ExpressLRS Receivers. It is best to avoid those UARTs unless you know your UARTs.

Hint!

KISS FCs may label its UARTs differently. You might have to wire up the RX pin into an RX pad, and the TX pin into a TX pad. Always check your FC wiring guide/manual.

Introduction

UART-based ExpressLRS Receivers use the CRSF Serial Protocol to communicate with a Flight Controller. This protocol uses two pins: one for the Control Signals and the other for the Telemetry Signals. Think of it as a two-lane, no-counterflow highway.

Here's a typical ExpressLRS Receiver pinout indicating to which Flight Controller pads each pin should be connected:

HM2400 connection

The TX pin of an ExpressLRS Receiver sends or transmits the Control Signals it received from the Radio to the Flight Controller. Meanwhile, the RX pin of an ExpressLRS Receiver accepts or receives the Telemetry Data (like Battery Voltage, Current Draw, GPS Coordinates and/or Craft Attitude) from the Flight Controller for sending back to the Radio Handset.

What's a UART? (click/tap to expand)

A UART is a pair of RX and TX pads on the Flight Controller. It's commonplace to refer to it as your Flight Controller's USB ports where you can connect different peripherals like a GPS or a Receiver. Only one device can occupy a UART and it can only do one function.

R3 and T3 belongs to UART3; RX2 and TX2 belongs to UART2. Flight Controller Manufacturers label their UARTs differently. Some use just "R" and "T" followed by the UART number. Others use "RX" and "TX" followed by the UART number.

UART is an acronym for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

Connecting a Receiver

Now that you have some basic info, connect your receiver to any free UART on your Flight controller. Check your Flight Controller Wiring Manual which UARTs you can use.

  • The GND or G pad should be connected to any Ground pad on the Flight Controller(FC)
  • The VCC or 5 pad should be connected to any 5v (or 4v5) pad on the Flight Controller(FC)
  • The TX or T pad should be connected to an RX pad of the same UART number where the RX or R wire is on the Flight Controller(FC)
  • The RX or R pad should be connected to a TX pad of the same UART number where the TX or T wire is on the Flight Controller(FC)

Receiver-to-FC Wiring

Check for shorts between pads and clean up flux or any soldering residue if you have soldered the receiver yourself.

Not so fast!

DO NOT shrink wrap or tuck away the receiver yet. We have to do some preliminary testing first!

Ensure there are no shorts on your wiring and power up the receiver.

  • Best to power up the flight controller with a LiPo to ensure the receiver will work normally on flight-ready conditions.
  • It is important to ensure there are no shorts on your wiring BEFORE you power up the system.

Observe the Receiver LED. It should have one of these behaviors:

LED Indication Status
LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED Slow blink 500ms on/off Waiting for connection from transmitter
LEDSEQ_BINDING Double blink then pause Binding mode is active
LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE Fast blinking 25ms on/off WiFi mode has started. Starts after 60s.
CONNECTED Solid on Bootloader mode is active

If the Receiver uses an RGB LED(e.g. Foxeer LNA, BetaFPV SuperD, Happymodel EP Dual), the following can be observed:

LED Indication Status
Rainbow fade effect Starting Up
Slow blink 500ms on/off Waiting for connection from transmitter
Orange Double blink then pause Binding mode enabled
Green heartbeat WiFi mode has started. Starts after 60s

If the Receiver LED doesn't light up at all, quickly disconnect the power and check your wiring.

If your receiver has the RGB LED (e.g. Foxeer LNA, BetaFPV SuperD, Happymodel EP Dual), and the receiver LED is not lighting up despite making sure it's wired up correctly, this could mean that the Receiver is in Bootloader Mode.

If your Receiver LED lights up but it's just a Solid light, it is in Bootloader mode as the chart above indicates.

My Receiver is in Bootloader Mode! (click/tap to expand)

Here are the things you can do if the Receiver is in Bootloader Mode:

  1. Check if the Boot button on the Receiver is being pressed or if it's damaged.

    • If the button is being pressed or pinched, remove the cause of the pressing or pinching. Heatshrink can sometimes press a button on the receiver.
    • If the button is damaged, remove the button or replace the receiver with a better one. Consider asking the seller for a replacement.

  2. If the receiver doesn't have a Boot button and instead has a Boot pad, check if the Boot pad is not connected to a Ground pad.

    • If the Boot pad is connected to a Ground pad, disconnect or remove the connection.

  3. Disconnect the RX and TX wires of the Receiver from the Flight Controller. Reconnect power to the drone or aircraft. Observe the LED on the Receiver once again.

    • If it starts Blinking Slowly (500ms Blink Pattern), you will need to move the receiver wiring to a different UART.
    • If the other UART is occupied by another peripheral, disconnect it and swap places with the Receiver.
    • If there is no other Full UART, you can try wiring a Pull-up Resistor: Connect a Resistor (300 Ohm to 1k Ohm value; a lower value is more effective) between this UART's RX pad and either a 5v or 3.3v pad as shown below:

    ExpressLRS Pull-up

  4. If you are using any of the Digital FPV systems like the DJI FPV Air Unit, Caddx Vista or DJI O3 Air Unit, and you wired or connected all six wires to your Flight Controller, you will need to remove the SBUS/DJI HDL wire.

If your receiver is behaving normally (i.e. not in Bootloader Mode), then you can power down your aircraft and proceed to the next step: Configuring your Flight Controller

Receiver Wiring

Setup-Banner

Hot Tip

Manufacturer-suggested Receiver UARTs, or UARTs alloted for Receivers usually have a pull-down resistor to aid with SBUS (RX pad inversion) which will result into SOLID LEDs on the ESP-based ExpressLRS Receivers. It is best to avoid those UARTs unless you know your UARTs.

Hint!

KISS FCs may label its UARTs differently. You might have to wire up the RX pin into an RX pad, and the TX pin into a TX pad. Always check your FC wiring guide/manual.

Introduction

UART-based ExpressLRS Receivers use the CRSF Serial Protocol to communicate with a Flight Controller. This protocol uses two pins: one for the Control Signals and the other for the Telemetry Signals. Think of it as a two-lane, no-counterflow highway.

Here's a typical ExpressLRS Receiver pinout indicating to which Flight Controller pads each pin should be connected:

HM2400 connection

The TX pin of an ExpressLRS Receiver sends or transmits the Control Signals it received from the Radio to the Flight Controller. Meanwhile, the RX pin of an ExpressLRS Receiver accepts or receives the Telemetry Data (like Battery Voltage, Current Draw, GPS Coordinates and/or Craft Attitude) from the Flight Controller for sending back to the Radio Handset.

What's a UART? (click/tap to expand)

A UART is a pair of RX and TX pads on the Flight Controller. It's commonplace to refer to it as your Flight Controller's USB ports where you can connect different peripherals like a GPS or a Receiver. Only one device can occupy a UART and it can only do one function.

R3 and T3 belongs to UART3; RX2 and TX2 belongs to UART2. Flight Controller Manufacturers label their UARTs differently. Some use just "R" and "T" followed by the UART number. Others use "RX" and "TX" followed by the UART number.

UART is an acronym for Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

Connecting a Receiver

Now that you have some basic info, connect your receiver to any free UART on your Flight controller. Check your Flight Controller Wiring Manual which UARTs you can use.

  • The GND or G pad should be connected to any Ground pad on the Flight Controller(FC)
  • The VCC or 5 pad should be connected to any 5v (or 4v5) pad on the Flight Controller(FC)
  • The TX or T pad should be connected to an RX pad of the same UART number where the RX or R wire is on the Flight Controller(FC)
  • The RX or R pad should be connected to a TX pad of the same UART number where the TX or T wire is on the Flight Controller(FC)

Receiver-to-FC Wiring

Check for shorts between pads and clean up flux or any soldering residue if you have soldered the receiver yourself.

Not so fast!

DO NOT shrink wrap or tuck away the receiver yet. We have to do some preliminary testing first!

Ensure there are no shorts on your wiring and power up the receiver.

  • Best to power up the flight controller with a LiPo to ensure the receiver will work normally on flight-ready conditions.
  • It is important to ensure there are no shorts on your wiring BEFORE you power up the system.

Observe the Receiver LED. It should have one of these behaviors:

LED Indication Status
LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED Slow blink 500ms on/off Waiting for connection from transmitter
LEDSEQ_BINDING Double blink then pause Binding mode is active
LEDSEQ_WIFI_UPDATE Fast blinking 25ms on/off WiFi mode has started. Starts after 60s.
CONNECTED Solid on Bootloader mode is active

If the Receiver uses an RGB LED(e.g. Foxeer LNA, BetaFPV SuperD, Happymodel EP Dual), the following can be observed:

LED Indication Status
Rainbow fade effect Starting Up
Slow blink 500ms on/off Waiting for connection from transmitter
Orange Double blink then pause Binding mode enabled
Green heartbeat WiFi mode has started. Starts after 60s

If the Receiver LED doesn't light up at all, quickly disconnect the power and check your wiring.

If your receiver has the RGB LED (e.g. Foxeer LNA, BetaFPV SuperD, Happymodel EP Dual), and the receiver LED is not lighting up despite making sure it's wired up correctly, this could mean that the Receiver is in Bootloader Mode.

If your Receiver LED lights up but it's just a Solid light, it is in Bootloader mode as the chart above indicates.

My Receiver is in Bootloader Mode! (click/tap to expand)

Here are the things you can do if the Receiver is in Bootloader Mode:

  1. Check if the Boot button on the Receiver is being pressed or if it's damaged.

    • If the button is being pressed or pinched, remove the cause of the pressing or pinching. Heatshrink can sometimes press a button on the receiver.
    • If the button is damaged, remove the button or replace the receiver with a better one. Consider asking the seller for a replacement.

  2. If the receiver doesn't have a Boot button and instead has a Boot pad, check if the Boot pad is not connected to a Ground pad.

    • If the Boot pad is connected to a Ground pad, disconnect or remove the connection.

  3. Disconnect the RX and TX wires of the Receiver from the Flight Controller. Reconnect power to the drone or aircraft. Observe the LED on the Receiver once again.

    • If it starts Blinking Slowly (500ms Blink Pattern), you will need to move the receiver wiring to a different UART.
    • If the other UART is occupied by another peripheral, disconnect it and swap places with the Receiver.
    • If there is no other Full UART, you can try wiring a Pull-up Resistor: Connect a Resistor (300 Ohm to 1k Ohm value; a lower value is more effective) between this UART's RX pad and either a 5v or 3.3v pad as shown below:

    ExpressLRS Pull-up

  4. If you are using any of the Digital FPV systems like the DJI FPV Air Unit, Caddx Vista or DJI O3 Air Unit, and you wired or connected all six wires to your Flight Controller, you will need to remove the SBUS/DJI HDL wire.

If your receiver is behaving normally (i.e. not in Bootloader Mode), then you can power down your aircraft and proceed to the next step: Configuring your Flight Controller

Internal Jumper T-Pro

Setup-Banner

Advisory

Not all Jumper T Pros come with an internal ELRS transmitter. Some come with a "JP4in1 multi-protocol module" or "CC2500 multi-protocol module". This tutorial does not apply to those Jumper T Pros. Check the page you bought it from to determine which unit you purchased.

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Updating and Recovery Procedures

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

For the Jumper T-Pro, update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0) for full EdgeTX support.

Hot Tip

To ensure updating success with this method, update the EdgeTX firmware on the radio to at least EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0). The EdgeTX Firmware that comes with this radio is a pre-release version.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also, make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules.

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Press the SYS Key on the Radio.
    • Radios without a dedicated SYS Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP. Press Enter and use the Scroll Wheel to set it to CLI mode if it is set to a different setting. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Before proceeding, you will need to disassemble the radio. You will need a small Philips screwdriver for this. Ten(10) small Philips screws keep both halves of the radio together.

tPro screws

Handle with Care

There are wires connecting the module to the main board of the radio, along with battery leads. Do not yank out the back cover of the radio from its front half. You don't need to disconnect the wires from the mainboard.

Once you have both halves of the radio apart, you will need to solder a piece of wire on the Boot pad into one of the momentary switches on the radio. Refer to the image below where to solder the ends of the wire.

tPro janky boot

Once the wire is soldered adequately, reassemble the radio. Tighten up the ten(10) screws to secure both halves of the radio.

Note

If you plan to use the switch as an Aux channel, remove the wire afterward. Leaving this wire connected means the Aux channel will output a constant "High" signal.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated or Recovered:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to first unplug-replug the USB Cable or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the Passthrough Init or Passthrough Done section of the log and Press the switch in the radio where you wired up the boot button and hold it until the script has connected. See the image below for the correct timing.

    tPro press it

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    tPro flashed

    • If you didn't get it right and it fails, don't worry. Just retry and it should go through.

  11. Unplug your Radio from USB.

  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated or you have it recovered.

via UART

  1. Disassemble the radio. You will need a small Philips screwdriver for this. Ten(10) small Philips screws keep both halves of the radio together.

    tPro screws

    Handle with Care

    There are wires connecting the module to the main board of the radio, along with battery leads. Do not yank out the back cover of the radio from its front half. You don't need to disconnect the wires from the mainboard.

  2. Disconnect the internal module from the mainboard of the radio. The pin-out is as follows:

    • White wire is the RX.
    • Yellow wire is the TX.
    • Red wire is the 5v pin.
    • The Black wire is the Gnd pin.

    tPro duplex

  3. Connect these four wires into your FTDI dongle or a USB to Serial Adapter: RX pin into the TX pin; TX pin into the RX pin; 5v to 5v, and Gnd to Gnd.

    tPro on Serial

  4. Before you connect the FTDI dongle/Serial Adapter to the USB port of your Computer, hold down the Boot button. Keep the button pressed until you have connected the Serial Adapter to your USB port.

  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Attention

    Incorrect or loose connections can cause this method to fail. If it does, disconnect the Serial Adapter from the USB, ensure you have the proper connection, and repeat the process. Press and hold the boot button before connecting the Serial Adapter to the USB.

  11. Disconnect the FTDI/UART Adapter and reconnect the module back to the radio mainboard, as shown below.

    tPro Connection

  12. Reassemble the radio (but do not put in the screws yet) and verify you have a working module once by running the ExpressLRS Lua script.

  13. Once you've verified that your Internal ExpressLRS module is working, replace the screws and tighten things up. Chug one down and celebrate!

Internal Jumper T-Pro

Setup-Banner

Advisory

Not all Jumper T Pros come with an internal ELRS transmitter. Some come with a "JP4in1 multi-protocol module" or "CC2500 multi-protocol module". This tutorial does not apply to those Jumper T Pros. Check the page you bought it from to determine which unit you purchased.

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Updating and Recovery Procedures

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

For the Jumper T-Pro, update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0) for full EdgeTX support.

Hot Tip

To ensure updating success with this method, update the EdgeTX firmware on the radio to at least EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0). The EdgeTX Firmware that comes with this radio is a pre-release version.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also, make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules.

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Press the SYS Key on the Radio.
    • Radios without a dedicated SYS Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP. Press Enter and use the Scroll Wheel to set it to CLI mode if it is set to a different setting. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Before proceeding, you will need to disassemble the radio. You will need a small Philips screwdriver for this. Ten(10) small Philips screws keep both halves of the radio together.

tPro screws

Handle with Care

There are wires connecting the module to the main board of the radio, along with battery leads. Do not yank out the back cover of the radio from its front half. You don't need to disconnect the wires from the mainboard.

Once you have both halves of the radio apart, you will need to solder a piece of wire on the Boot pad into one of the momentary switches on the radio. Refer to the image below where to solder the ends of the wire.

tPro janky boot

Once the wire is soldered adequately, reassemble the radio. Tighten up the ten(10) screws to secure both halves of the radio.

Note

If you plan to use the switch as an Aux channel, remove the wire afterward. Leaving this wire connected means the Aux channel will output a constant "High" signal.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated or Recovered:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to first unplug-replug the USB Cable or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the Passthrough Init or Passthrough Done section of the log and Press the switch in the radio where you wired up the boot button and hold it until the script has connected. See the image below for the correct timing.

    tPro press it

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    tPro flashed

    • If you didn't get it right and it fails, don't worry. Just retry and it should go through.

  11. Unplug your Radio from USB.

  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated or you have it recovered.

via UART

  1. Disassemble the radio. You will need a small Philips screwdriver for this. Ten(10) small Philips screws keep both halves of the radio together.

    tPro screws

    Handle with Care

    There are wires connecting the module to the main board of the radio, along with battery leads. Do not yank out the back cover of the radio from its front half. You don't need to disconnect the wires from the mainboard.

  2. Disconnect the internal module from the mainboard of the radio. The pin-out is as follows:

    • White wire is the RX.
    • Yellow wire is the TX.
    • Red wire is the 5v pin.
    • The Black wire is the Gnd pin.

    tPro duplex

  3. Connect these four wires into your FTDI dongle or a USB to Serial Adapter: RX pin into the TX pin; TX pin into the RX pin; 5v to 5v, and Gnd to Gnd.

    tPro on Serial

  4. Before you connect the FTDI dongle/Serial Adapter to the USB port of your Computer, hold down the Boot button. Keep the button pressed until you have connected the Serial Adapter to your USB port.

  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device Target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Pro 2.4GHz TX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    Attention

    Incorrect or loose connections can cause this method to fail. If it does, disconnect the Serial Adapter from the USB, ensure you have the proper connection, and repeat the process. Press and hold the boot button before connecting the Serial Adapter to the USB.

  11. Disconnect the FTDI/UART Adapter and reconnect the module back to the radio mainboard, as shown below.

    tPro Connection

  12. Reassemble the radio (but do not put in the screws yet) and verify you have a working module once by running the ExpressLRS Lua script.

  13. Once you've verified that your Internal ExpressLRS module is working, replace the screws and tighten things up. Chug one down and celebrate!

Axisflying Thor

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Make sure the switch on the backside of the module is set to the leftmost position.

    Thor Switches

    Note

    To flash the TX itself, the switch on the back side of the module must be set to the leftmost position. To flash the TX backpack, the switch must be set to the rightmost position. For normal operation, the switch must be centered.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return the switch in the back to "Normal Operation" position, center.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Using the module on a DX9

  • Install the latest DX9 firmware with CRSF v2 support via Serial port.
  • Wire up Power (Vbat & GND) as per Crossfire install instructions.
  • Use Signal from DX9 to S.Port pin of the Thor TX module.
  • Optional: Connect an external power source via XT30.
  • Flash the TX module with UART_INVERTED unchecked.
  • Adjust your Packet Rate to 250Hz using the Screen & Joystick.

Acknowledgement

This guide is contributed by discord user ChaserP.

Axisflying Thor

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Make sure the switch on the backside of the module is set to the leftmost position.

    Thor Switches

    Note

    To flash the TX itself, the switch on the back side of the module must be set to the leftmost position. To flash the TX backpack, the switch must be set to the rightmost position. For normal operation, the switch must be centered.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Axisflying 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • AXIS Thor 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return the switch in the back to "Normal Operation" position, center.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Using the module on a DX9

  • Install the latest DX9 firmware with CRSF v2 support via Serial port.
  • Wire up Power (Vbat & GND) as per Crossfire install instructions.
  • Use Signal from DX9 to S.Port pin of the Thor TX module.
  • Optional: Connect an external power source via XT30.
  • Flash the TX module with UART_INVERTED unchecked.
  • Adjust your Packet Rate to 250Hz using the Screen & Joystick.

Acknowledgement

This guide is contributed by discord user ChaserP.

BetaFPV 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Micro TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz 1W Micro TX
      • BETAFPV SuperG 2.4GHz Gemini TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Micro TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz 1W Micro TX
      • BETAFPV SuperG 2.4GHz Gemini TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Micro TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz 1W Micro TX
      • BETAFPV SuperG 2.4GHz Gemini TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Some TX Modules have switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "Flashing the TX Module via UART".

    • The BetaFPV Micro modules have dipswitches at the back. Set switches 1 & 2 to On, set the rest of the switches to Off.

    BetaFPV Micro Switches

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Micro TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz 1W Micro TX
      • BETAFPV SuperG 2.4GHz Gemini TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return the dipswitches at the back into the "Normal Operation" position.
    • Switches 1,2,5,6,7 should be Off; 3 & 4 should be On. Applicable to the Micro-size module only.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Cannot flash?

If you've followed any of the steps above and still cannot get your devices flashed and updated, see this video for the explanation of why and the fix to get your devices flashed and updated (applies to the Nano modules only).

BetaFPV 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Micro TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz 1W Micro TX
      • BETAFPV SuperG 2.4GHz Gemini TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Micro TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz 1W Micro TX
      • BETAFPV SuperG 2.4GHz Gemini TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Micro TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz 1W Micro TX
      • BETAFPV SuperG 2.4GHz Gemini TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Some TX Modules have switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "Flashing the TX Module via UART".

    • The BetaFPV Micro modules have dipswitches at the back. Set switches 1 & 2 to On, set the rest of the switches to Off.

    BetaFPV Micro Switches

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz Micro TX
      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz 1W Micro TX
      • BETAFPV SuperG 2.4GHz Gemini TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return the dipswitches at the back into the "Normal Operation" position.
    • Switches 1,2,5,6,7 should be Off; 3 & 4 should be On. Applicable to the Micro-size module only.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Cannot flash?

If you've followed any of the steps above and still cannot get your devices flashed and updated, see this video for the explanation of why and the fix to get your devices flashed and updated (applies to the Nano modules only).

BetaFPV 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 900MHz Micro TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 900MHz Micro TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 900MHz Micro TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Some TX Modules have switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "Flashing the TX Module via UART".

    • The BetaFPV Micro modules have dipswitches at the back. Set switches 1 & 2 to On, set the rest of the switches to Off.

    BetaFPV Micro Switches

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 900MHz Micro TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return the dipswitches at the back into the "Normal Operation" position.
    • Switches 1,2,5,6,7 should be Off; 3 & 4 should be On. Applicable to the Micro-size module only.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Cannot flash?

If you've followed any of the steps above and still cannot get your devices flashed and updated, see this video for the explanation of why and the fix to get your devices flashed and updated (applies to the Nano modules only).

BetaFPV 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 900MHz Micro TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 900MHz Micro TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 900MHz Micro TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Some TX Modules have switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "Flashing the TX Module via UART".

    • The BetaFPV Micro modules have dipswitches at the back. Set switches 1 & 2 to On, set the rest of the switches to Off.

    BetaFPV Micro Switches

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 900MHz Nano TX
      • BETAFPV 900MHz Micro TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return the dipswitches at the back into the "Normal Operation" position.
    • Switches 1,2,5,6,7 should be Off; 3 & 4 should be On. Applicable to the Micro-size module only.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Cannot flash?

If you've followed any of the steps above and still cannot get your devices flashed and updated, see this video for the explanation of why and the fix to get your devices flashed and updated (applies to the Nano modules only).

BetaFPV LR3 Pro

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz LiteRadio 3 Pro

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz LiteRadio 3 Pro

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz LiteRadio 3 Pro

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

For the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro, update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.

Hot Tip

To ensure updating success with this method, update the EdgeTX firmware on the radio to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e, released Nov. 27, 2022). The EdgeTX Firmware that comes with this radio is a pre-release version.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also, make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules. You can find a sticker at the bottom of the box that the radio came in with containing the barcode and the radio stick mode and type.

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Press the SYS Key on the Radio.
    • Radios without a dedicated SYS Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP. Press Enter and use the Scroll Wheel to set it to CLI mode if it is set to a different setting. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to first unplug-replug the USB Cable or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz LiteRadio 3 Pro

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.

  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

    Lua Running

BetaFPV LR3 Pro

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz LiteRadio 3 Pro

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz LiteRadio 3 Pro

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz LiteRadio 3 Pro

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

For the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro, update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.

Hot Tip

To ensure updating success with this method, update the EdgeTX firmware on the radio to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e, released Nov. 27, 2022). The EdgeTX Firmware that comes with this radio is a pre-release version.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also, make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules. You can find a sticker at the bottom of the box that the radio came in with containing the barcode and the radio stick mode and type.

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Press the SYS Key on the Radio.
    • Radios without a dedicated SYS Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP. Press Enter and use the Scroll Wheel to set it to CLI mode if it is set to a different setting. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to first unplug-replug the USB Cable or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • BETAFPV 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • BETAFPV 2.4GHz LiteRadio 3 Pro

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.

  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

    Lua Running

DIY 2400TX

Setup-Banner

Flashing via USB/UART (ESP32)

  • Targets:
    • DIY_2400_TX_ESP32_SX1280_E28_via_UART
    • DIY_2400_TX_ESP32_SX1280_LORA1280F27_via_UART
    • DIY_2400_TX_ESP32_SX1280_Mini_via_UART

Plug the ESP32 of the DIY TX into the USB of your computer. Then select the correct target given the RF chip you chose and press Build & Flash. Further updates can be performed by building and flashing the .bin file to the external module using OpenTX.

DIY 2400TX

Setup-Banner

Flashing via USB/UART (ESP32)

  • Targets:
    • DIY_2400_TX_ESP32_SX1280_E28_via_UART
    • DIY_2400_TX_ESP32_SX1280_LORA1280F27_via_UART
    • DIY_2400_TX_ESP32_SX1280_Mini_via_UART

Plug the ESP32 of the DIY TX into the USB of your computer. Then select the correct target given the RF chip you chose and press Build & Flash. Further updates can be performed by building and flashing the .bin file to the external module using OpenTX.

DIY 900TX

Setup-Banner

Flashing via USB/UART (ESP32)

  • Targets:
    • DIY_900_TX_ESP32_SX127x_E19_via_UART
    • DIY_900_TX_ESP32_SX127x_RFM95_via_UART

Plug the ESP32 of the DIY TX into the USB of your computer. Then select the correct target given the RF chip you chose and press Build & Flash. Further updates can be performed by building and flashing the .bin file to the external module using OpenTX.

Flashing via USB/UART (TTGo)

  • Targets:
    • DIY_900_TX_TTGO_V1_SX127x_via_UART
    • DIY_900_TX_TTGO_V2_SX127x_via_UART

Plug the TTGo into the USB of your computer. Then select the correct target given the version you have and press Build & Flash. Further updates can be performed by building and flashing the .bin file to the external module using OpenTX.

DIY 900TX

Setup-Banner

Flashing via USB/UART (ESP32)

  • Targets:
    • DIY_900_TX_ESP32_SX127x_E19_via_UART
    • DIY_900_TX_ESP32_SX127x_RFM95_via_UART

Plug the ESP32 of the DIY TX into the USB of your computer. Then select the correct target given the RF chip you chose and press Build & Flash. Further updates can be performed by building and flashing the .bin file to the external module using OpenTX.

Flashing via USB/UART (TTGo)

  • Targets:
    • DIY_900_TX_TTGO_V1_SX127x_via_UART
    • DIY_900_TX_TTGO_V2_SX127x_via_UART

Plug the TTGo into the USB of your computer. Then select the correct target given the version you have and press Build & Flash. Further updates can be performed by building and flashing the .bin file to the external module using OpenTX.

EMAX 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Info

These devices come pre-installed with a 3.x-ready firmware. You don't need to reflash these devices. You can use the Web UI of these devices to update the Binding Phrase or any of the firmware options.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 2.4GHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 2.4GHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 2.4GHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 2.4GHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

EMAX 2.4GHz

Setup-Banner

Info

These devices come pre-installed with a 3.x-ready firmware. You don't need to reflash these devices. You can use the Web UI of these devices to update the Binding Phrase or any of the firmware options.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 2.4GHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 2.4GHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 2.4GHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 2.4GHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

EMAX 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Info

These devices come pre-installed with a 3.x-ready firmware. You don't need to reflash these devices. You can use the Web UI of these devices to update the Binding Phrase or any of the firmware options.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 900MHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 900MHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 900MHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 900MHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 900MHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 900MHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

EMAX 900MHz

Setup-Banner

Info

These devices come pre-installed with a 3.x-ready firmware. You don't need to reflash these devices. You can use the Web UI of these devices to update the Binding Phrase or any of the firmware options.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 900MHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 900MHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 900MHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 900MHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • EMAX 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • EMAX Nano 900MHz TX
      • EMAX OLED 900MHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Happymodel ES24TX

Setup-Banner

Note

This guide applies to all of the following HappyModel TX modules: ES24TX, ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Iron Man, ES24TX Slim Pro and ES24TX Pro Micro. Any module with "Pro" in the name uses the _Pro_Series target.

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES24 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX (non-Pro Micro), ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Slim
      • HappyModel ES24 Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Pro Micro
      • HappyModel ES24 Slim Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Slim Pro

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES24 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX (non-Pro Micro), ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Slim
      • HappyModel ES24 Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Pro Micro
      • HappyModel ES24 Slim Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Slim Pro

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES24 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX (non-Pro Micro), ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Slim
      • HappyModel ES24 Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Pro Micro
      • HappyModel ES24 Slim Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Slim Pro

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.
    • For these TX Modules, you will have to take off the front cover to get access to the USB Port and/or dipswitches/jumper blocks.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. These TX Modules have switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "TX Module Flashing via UART".

    JumperFS
    ES24TX Full Size, Non Pro

    JumperLite
    ES24TX Lite, for Jumper T-Lite

    DipswitchSlim
    ES24TX Slim, Iron Man

    DipswitchSlimPro
    ES24TX Slim Pro

    DipswitchPro
    ES24TX Pro 1W

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES24 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX (non-Pro Micro), ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Slim
      • HappyModel ES24 Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Pro Micro
      • HappyModel ES24 Slim Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Slim Pro

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return any dipswitches or jumper blocks to their "Normal Operation" position.
  11. Reattach the TX module cover, making sure no wires are being pinched and the antenna pigtail is connected properly.
  12. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  13. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Happymodel ES24TX

Setup-Banner

Note

This guide applies to all of the following HappyModel TX modules: ES24TX, ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Iron Man, ES24TX Slim Pro and ES24TX Pro Micro. Any module with "Pro" in the name uses the _Pro_Series target.

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES24 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX (non-Pro Micro), ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Slim
      • HappyModel ES24 Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Pro Micro
      • HappyModel ES24 Slim Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Slim Pro

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES24 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX (non-Pro Micro), ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Slim
      • HappyModel ES24 Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Pro Micro
      • HappyModel ES24 Slim Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Slim Pro

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES24 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX (non-Pro Micro), ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Slim
      • HappyModel ES24 Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Pro Micro
      • HappyModel ES24 Slim Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Slim Pro

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.
    • For these TX Modules, you will have to take off the front cover to get access to the USB Port and/or dipswitches/jumper blocks.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. These TX Modules have switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "TX Module Flashing via UART".

    JumperFS
    ES24TX Full Size, Non Pro

    JumperLite
    ES24TX Lite, for Jumper T-Lite

    DipswitchSlim
    ES24TX Slim, Iron Man

    DipswitchSlimPro
    ES24TX Slim Pro

    DipswitchPro
    ES24TX Pro 1W

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES24 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX (non-Pro Micro), ES24TX Lite, ES24TX Slim
      • HappyModel ES24 Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Pro Micro
      • HappyModel ES24 Slim Pro 2.4GHz TX for ES24TX Slim Pro

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return any dipswitches or jumper blocks to their "Normal Operation" position.
  11. Reattach the TX module cover, making sure no wires are being pinched and the antenna pigtail is connected properly.
  12. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  13. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Happymodel ES900TX

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating the ES900TX Firmware

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel TX ES900TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.
    • You will need to disassemble your TX Module to get access to the USB Port and the dipswitches.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. This TX Module has switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "Flashing the TX Module via UART".

    • Set switches 5 & 6 to On, and set the others to Off.

    JumperES900

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return the dipswitches to the "Normal Operation" position (1 & 2 is On, 3,4,5,6 are Off).
  11. Reassemble the TX Module, making sure no wires are being pinched and the antenna pigtail is connected properly.
  12. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  13. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Flashing/Updating the ES915TX/ES868TX Firmware

via BL

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES915 TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  7. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  8. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  9. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  10. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the [Radio Preparation] guide.

  11. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via STLink

  1. Disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the image below.

    ES915tx

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected properly.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES915 TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the TX Module.

  11. Reattach your TX Module to your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

Happymodel ES900TX

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating the ES900TX Firmware

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel TX ES900TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.
    • You will need to disassemble your TX Module to get access to the USB Port and the dipswitches.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. This TX Module has switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "Flashing the TX Module via UART".

    • Set switches 5 & 6 to On, and set the others to Off.

    JumperES900

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES900 TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return the dipswitches to the "Normal Operation" position (1 & 2 is On, 3,4,5,6 are Off).
  11. Reassemble the TX Module, making sure no wires are being pinched and the antenna pigtail is connected properly.
  12. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  13. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Flashing/Updating the ES915TX/ES868TX Firmware

via BL

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES915 TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  7. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  8. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  9. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  10. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the [Radio Preparation] guide.

  11. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via STLink

  1. Disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the image below.

    ES915tx

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected properly.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Happymodel 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • HappyModel ES915 TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the TX Module.

  11. Reattach your TX Module to your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

Checking FW Version

Setup-Banner

Why do you have to know the Firmware Version?

Knowing the ExpressLRS Firmware Version that's currently in your devices will determine whether there is a need to update to a newer version or whether you can simply get your devices bound together without updating. For newcomers in the hobby, or for those just starting with ExpressLRS, it can be a bit daunting to flash a new device.

It is still recommended that you update your gear to the latest firmware version to ensure you have all the bug fixes and latest features.

Transmitter Module Firmware Version

There are three methods to determine what firmware version you currently have on your Transmitter module

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter Key to activate the Script.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll to the bottom of the page and you should see the Current Version flashed into your TX module.

    • Shows both have 3.2.1 Firmware Version with the Git Hash 8dbbdb.

    ExpressLRS Version Info Color
    Colored Screens ExpressLRS Lua Script Version Line

    ExpressLRS Version Info B&W
    Mono Screens ExpressLRS Lua Script Version Line

If your External TX module is equipped with a Screen, the Home Screen should show the different parameters currently configured on the module. It will also show the current firmware version flashed into the module.

ExpressLRS Version Info Color
OLED Screen Version Line

  1. Put your module into WiFi mode.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.
      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

      • If the Script stopped and is showing a Syntax Error, do not worry. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware or both. It could also be due to the fact your TX module is on an earlier firmware version and you're using a more recent Lua Script.
    1. With your TX module disconnected from your Radio module bay, power it up either via an external power source (2S) or by plugging in a USB cable into its USB Port.
    2. Let it be for at least 60s and the RGB LED will turn into a Green Breathing LED pattern indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.
      • The Auto WiFi On Interval setting controls how long the device will wait to initiate WiFi Mode when it's powered up and it's not getting valid CRSF packets.
      • TX Modules with an OLED Screen will also show a message to indicate it is in WiFi Mode.

  2. Scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also, try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  3. Load the Web UI on your browser using these addresses:

    • http://10.0.0.1/ -If you have connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point

      Note

      This IP address is also often used by some routers. Computers with an ethernet connection to their routers will find that this page doesn't load the ExpressLRS Web UI and instead loads their router or ISP modem configuration dashboards.

      We recommend disconnecting from the network first or trying a different device instead, e.g. smartphone or tablet.

    • http://elrs_tx.local - If you have previously set your Home WiFi SSID and Password into your TX Module when you flashed it.

      Note

      If your browser cannot resolve this address, chances are MDNS is not set up and working on your computer or network.

      Use the IP Address instead! (click/tap to expand)
      1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
      2. Execute the command arp -a which will list all the devices in the Network.
      3. Try each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
      1. Log in to your Router dashboard.
      2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
      3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
      4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  4. The Banner of the Web UI should tell you the firmware version flashed into your TX module.

    Web UI Banner
    The ExpressLRS Web UI Banner

Once you have determined the firmware version that's currently flashed into your Transmitter module, you can now decide to whether keep using it as is or update to the latest version.

Versioning Scheme

The ExpressLRS Firmware Versioning scheme is based on the semantic versioning scheme.

A Version is defined or formatted as "Major.Minor.Patch"

- major = major new feature and/or incompatible changes
 - minor = minor features or enhancements and/or new targets
 - patch = bug-fixes
-

That first number in the Version string should match between a TX Module and a Receiver. Examples:

  • a TX Module with version string of 3.1.2 will sync and work with a Receiver with firmware version 3.0.1
  • a TX Module with version string of 3.2.0 will NOT sync or bind with a Receiver with firmware version 2.4.0

For the latest ExpressLRS firmware version, check the Releases page in Git Hub

I Know the Version. What Now?

See the next page for the typical updating procedure or expand the Updating Transmitters section of the Menu on the left as shown below.

Menu Updating Transmitters

You can also use the Search Bar on top of this page to search for the specific Updating/Flashing Guide for your TX Module.

See the Binding Procedure to sync your TX Module with your Receiver.

NamimnoRC Flash

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating the Flash OLED Firmware

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash OLED 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash OLED 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash OLED 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-SERIAL CH340 device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here:
      • Windows Users will need the CH340 Drivers (Right-click, Save-as) installed (Unzip the contents of the file; Run the executable installer) for this to work properly.
      • For other Operating Systems, head to this site to download your needed drivers.


  3. This TX Module has switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure it is set as shown. This is the default position and unless you have moved it before, there's no need to open up the module.

    Uart Select Switch

    Attention

    The left position of the switch is for flashing the backpack. The right position of the switch is for flashing the TX itself. The right position is the default, so there is no need to open your module unless you need to unbrick your TX backpack!

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash OLED 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Flashing/Updating the Flash Non-OLED Firmware

via BL

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  7. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  8. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  9. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  10. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the [Radio Preparation] guide.

  11. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via STLink

Attention

Only use this method if the firmware has been corrupted.

  1. Disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

    NamimnoRC Voyager Backside

    NamimnoRC Voyager cable

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the image below.

    NamimnoRC Pinout

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected properly.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the module.

  11. Reattach your TX Module into your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

NamimnoRC Flash

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating the Flash OLED Firmware

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash OLED 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash OLED 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash OLED 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-SERIAL CH340 device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here:
      • Windows Users will need the CH340 Drivers (Right-click, Save-as) installed (Unzip the contents of the file; Run the executable installer) for this to work properly.
      • For other Operating Systems, head to this site to download your needed drivers.


  3. This TX Module has switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure it is set as shown. This is the default position and unless you have moved it before, there's no need to open up the module.

    Uart Select Switch

    Attention

    The left position of the switch is for flashing the backpack. The right position of the switch is for flashing the TX itself. The right position is the default, so there is no need to open your module unless you need to unbrick your TX backpack!

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash OLED 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Flashing/Updating the Flash Non-OLED Firmware

via BL

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  7. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  8. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  9. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  10. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the [Radio Preparation] guide.

  11. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via STLink

Attention

Only use this method if the firmware has been corrupted.

  1. Disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

    NamimnoRC Voyager Backside

    NamimnoRC Voyager cable

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the image below.

    NamimnoRC Pinout

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected properly.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Flash 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the module.

  11. Reattach your TX Module into your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

Frsky R9 Modules

Setup-Banner

Warning

The R9M Lite Pro can not be flashed via OpenTX or EdgeTX (Stock_BL method), and therefore requires an STLink v2 to flash. See the guide below

Flashing/Updating TX Module Firmware

via BL

Info

This method requires OpenTX 2.3.12 or newer; or EdgeTX 2.4.0 or newer.

  1. Download and save r9m_elrs_bl.frk(14kb) onto the SD card of your radio, in the /FIRMWARE folder.

  2. Flash r9m_elrs_bl.frk to your TX module:

    • Access the System Menu on your radio.
      • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
      • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu
    • Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page.
    • Scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the r9m_elrs_bl.frk file.
    • Flash the frk file by holding Enter key and selecting "Flash external module"

    FYI

    You only need to flash the Bootloader ONCE. After it's flashed into the module, you don't have to reflash it in every update.

    Video Guide:

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • FrSky 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • FrSky R9M 900MHz TX
      • FrSky R9M Lite 900MHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Build button.

    Build

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  10. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  11. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  12. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the Radio Preparation guide.

  13. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the System Menu's Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via STLink

Warning

This method is an irreversible one. You will not be able to go back to FrSky firmware with this method. You have been warned!

  1. Carefully disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the images below:

    R9M-stlink
    R9M STLink Connection

    R9M Lite
    R9M Lite STLink Connection

    R9M Lite Pro
    R9M Lite Pro STLink Connection

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected correctly.

  4. Before flashing, disable 'Readout Protection'. To do this, download the ST-LINK Utility and follow this quick how to video. After such, you can now disconnect (Target -> Disconnect) and close the ST-Link Utility.

  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • FrSky 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • FrSky R9M 900MHz TX
      • FrSky R9M Lite 900MHz TX
      • FrSky R9M Lite Pro 900MHz TX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the module.

  12. Reattach your TX Module into your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

Frsky R9 Modules

Setup-Banner

Warning

The R9M Lite Pro can not be flashed via OpenTX or EdgeTX (Stock_BL method), and therefore requires an STLink v2 to flash. See the guide below

Flashing/Updating TX Module Firmware

via BL

Info

This method requires OpenTX 2.3.12 or newer; or EdgeTX 2.4.0 or newer.

  1. Download and save r9m_elrs_bl.frk(14kb) onto the SD card of your radio, in the /FIRMWARE folder.

  2. Flash r9m_elrs_bl.frk to your TX module:

    • Access the System Menu on your radio.
      • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
      • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu
    • Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page.
    • Scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the r9m_elrs_bl.frk file.
    • Flash the frk file by holding Enter key and selecting "Flash external module"

    FYI

    You only need to flash the Bootloader ONCE. After it's flashed into the module, you don't have to reflash it in every update.

    Video Guide:

  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • FrSky 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • FrSky R9M 900MHz TX
      • FrSky R9M Lite 900MHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  7. Click the Build button.

    Build

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  10. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  11. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  12. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the Radio Preparation guide.

  13. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the System Menu's Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via STLink

Warning

This method is an irreversible one. You will not be able to go back to FrSky firmware with this method. You have been warned!

  1. Carefully disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the images below:

    R9M-stlink
    R9M STLink Connection

    R9M Lite
    R9M Lite STLink Connection

    R9M Lite Pro
    R9M Lite Pro STLink Connection

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected correctly.

  4. Before flashing, disable 'Readout Protection'. To do this, download the ST-LINK Utility and follow this quick how to video. After such, you can now disconnect (Target -> Disconnect) and close the ST-Link Utility.

  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • FrSky 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • FrSky R9M 900MHz TX
      • FrSky R9M Lite 900MHz TX
      • FrSky R9M Lite Pro 900MHz TX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the module.

  12. Reattach your TX Module into your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

IMRC Ghost

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating TX Module Firmware

via STLink

Warning

This method is an irreversible one. You will not be able to go back to ImmersionRC Ghost firmware with this method. You have been warned!

Video Guide(10 min):

  1. Carefully disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the images below:

    • Wire 3.3v, GND, CLK, and DIO to their respective pins on your part from the StLink. (You can power with the StLink but in the second image, the radio is used to power the module).

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected correctly.

  4. Before flashing, disable 'Readout Protection'. To do this, download the ST-LINK Utility and follow this quick how to video. After such, you can now disconnect (Target -> Disconnect) and close the ST-Link Utility.

  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • ImmersionRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Ghost 2.4GHz TX
      • Ghost Lite 2.4GHz TX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the module.

  12. Reattach your TX Module into your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via BL

Info

This method requires OpenTX 2.3.12 or newer; or EdgeTX 2.4.0 or newer.

This method can only be used to UPDATE the firmware on an already-converted Ghost Module

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • ImmersionRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Ghost 2.4GHz TX
      • Ghost Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  7. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  8. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  9. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  10. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the Radio Preparation guide.

  11. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

IMRC Ghost

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating TX Module Firmware

via STLink

Warning

This method is an irreversible one. You will not be able to go back to ImmersionRC Ghost firmware with this method. You have been warned!

Video Guide(10 min):

  1. Carefully disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the images below:

    • Wire 3.3v, GND, CLK, and DIO to their respective pins on your part from the StLink. (You can power with the StLink but in the second image, the radio is used to power the module).

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected correctly.

  4. Before flashing, disable 'Readout Protection'. To do this, download the ST-LINK Utility and follow this quick how to video. After such, you can now disconnect (Target -> Disconnect) and close the ST-Link Utility.

  5. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  6. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • ImmersionRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Ghost 2.4GHz TX
      • Ghost Lite 2.4GHz TX

  7. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  8. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  9. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  10. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  11. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the module.

  12. Reattach your TX Module into your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via BL

Info

This method requires OpenTX 2.3.12 or newer; or EdgeTX 2.4.0 or newer.

This method can only be used to UPDATE the firmware on an already-converted Ghost Module

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • ImmersionRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Ghost 2.4GHz TX
      • Ghost Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  7. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  8. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  9. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  10. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the Radio Preparation guide.

  11. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

HGLRC Hermes

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Attach your USB cable to the module while pressing and holding the recessed button at the back of the module. The location of the button is shown in the image below.

    HermesTX Back

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

HGLRC Hermes

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Attach your USB cable to the module while pressing and holding the recessed button at the back of the module. The location of the button is shown in the image below.

    HermesTX Back

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • HGLRC 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • HGLRC Hermes 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

iFlight Commando

Setup-Banner

WARNING

Make sure you are selecting the right Device Category (2.4GHz or 900MHz) that's appropriate for the hardware you have. You cannot flash a 2.4GHz module with the firmware for the 900MHz module and expect it to work properly. Likewise, you cannot flash a 900MHz module with the firmware for the 2.4GHz module. They have different sets of hardware.

You can damage your hardware if you do so. You have been warned!

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Categories:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz
      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Devices:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz TX & iFlight 2.4GHz TX V2
      • iFlight 900MHz TX & iFlight 900MHz TX V2

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Categories:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz
      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Devices:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz TX & iFlight 2.4GHz TX V2
      • iFlight 900MHz TX & iFlight 900MHz TX V2

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Categories:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz
      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Devices:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz TX & iFlight 2.4GHz TX V2
      • iFlight 900MHz TX & iFlight 900MHz TX V2

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Unscrew the two screws holding the Transmitter Module to the back of the radio handset. Carefully lift the Transmitter Module to get access to the USB-c port. Do not tug too much as there are wires connecting the Transmitter Module to the mainboard of the radio handset, along with the antenna cable of the module itself.

    Commando Back
    TX Module and USB-C connection

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Categories:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz
      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Devices:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz TX & iFlight 2.4GHz TX V2
      • iFlight 900MHz TX & iFlight 900MHz TX V2

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reassemble the TX module into the Radio properly.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

iFlight Commando

Setup-Banner

WARNING

Make sure you are selecting the right Device Category (2.4GHz or 900MHz) that's appropriate for the hardware you have. You cannot flash a 2.4GHz module with the firmware for the 900MHz module and expect it to work properly. Likewise, you cannot flash a 900MHz module with the firmware for the 2.4GHz module. They have different sets of hardware.

You can damage your hardware if you do so. You have been warned!

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Categories:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz
      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Devices:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz TX & iFlight 2.4GHz TX V2
      • iFlight 900MHz TX & iFlight 900MHz TX V2

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Categories:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz
      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Devices:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz TX & iFlight 2.4GHz TX V2
      • iFlight 900MHz TX & iFlight 900MHz TX V2

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Categories:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz
      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Devices:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz TX & iFlight 2.4GHz TX V2
      • iFlight 900MHz TX & iFlight 900MHz TX V2

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Unscrew the two screws holding the Transmitter Module to the back of the radio handset. Carefully lift the Transmitter Module to get access to the USB-c port. Do not tug too much as there are wires connecting the Transmitter Module to the mainboard of the radio handset, along with the antenna cable of the module itself.

    Commando Back
    TX Module and USB-C connection

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Categories:

      • iFlight 2.4 GHz
      • iFlight 900 MHz

    • Devices:

      • iFlight 2.4GHz TX & iFlight 2.4GHz TX V2
      • iFlight 900MHz TX & iFlight 900MHz TX V2

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reassemble the TX module into the Radio properly.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Jumper Aion Nano

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers or CH9102
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.

    Note

    Jumper seems to have switched to a different UART adapter chip on some of these devices. They should be detected as USB-Enhanced Serial CH9102.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Jumper Aion Nano

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers or CH9102
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.

    Note

    Jumper seems to have switched to a different UART adapter chip on some of these devices. They should be detected as USB-Enhanced Serial CH9102.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION Nano 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Internal Jumper TLite V2

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Long-press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools page, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Lite 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

For the Jumper T-Lite V2, update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.

Hot Tip

To ensure updating success with this method, update the EdgeTX firmware on the radio to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e, released Nov. 27, 2022). The EdgeTX Firmware that comes with this radio is a pre-release version.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also, make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules.

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Long-press the SYS Key on the Radio.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Keys until you reach the Hardware Page.
    • On this radio, a short-press on the SYS Key is equivalent to < PAGE while a short-press on the MDL Key is equivalent to PAGE > .
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
    • Press the Down button.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP by pressing the Down or Up Keys. Press Enter to edit the setting and use the Down or Up Keys to set it to CLI mode. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to unplug-replug the USB Cable first or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Lite 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.

  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

    TLite Lua Running

Internal Jumper TLite V2

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Long-press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools page, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Lite 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

For the Jumper T-Lite V2, update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.

Hot Tip

To ensure updating success with this method, update the EdgeTX firmware on the radio to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e, released Nov. 27, 2022). The EdgeTX Firmware that comes with this radio is a pre-release version.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also, make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules.

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Long-press the SYS Key on the Radio.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Keys until you reach the Hardware Page.
    • On this radio, a short-press on the SYS Key is equivalent to < PAGE while a short-press on the MDL Key is equivalent to PAGE > .
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
    • Press the Down button.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP by pressing the Down or Up Keys. Press Enter to edit the setting and use the Down or Up Keys to set it to CLI mode. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to unplug-replug the USB Cable first or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper AION T-Lite 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.

  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

    TLite Lua Running

Internal Jumper T20

Setup-Banner

WARNING

Make sure you are selecting the right Device Category (2.4GHz or 900MHz) that's appropriate for the hardware you have. You cannot flash a 2.4GHz module with the firmware for the 900MHz module and expect it to work properly. Likewise, you cannot flash a 900MHz module with the firmware for the 2.4GHz module. They have different sets of hardware.

The T20 Gemini firmware will ONLY work on the T20 Gemini. Do not Flash this target on the other T20 variants.

You can damage your hardware if you do so. You have been warned!

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz
      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper Gemini T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 900M TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Long-press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools page, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz
      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper Gemini T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 900M TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz
      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper Gemini T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 900M TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

For any of the variants of the Jumper T20, the EdgeTX firmware that came with it (pre EdgeTX 2.9.0) should work fine and there's no need to update it.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

The current active Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Long-press the Menu "Menu" Key on the Radio.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Keys until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
    • Press the Down button.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP by pressing the Down or Up Keys. Press Enter to edit the setting and use the Down or Up Keys to set it to CLI mode. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to unplug-replug the USB Cable first or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz
      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper Gemini T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 900M TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Internal Jumper T20

Setup-Banner

WARNING

Make sure you are selecting the right Device Category (2.4GHz or 900MHz) that's appropriate for the hardware you have. You cannot flash a 2.4GHz module with the firmware for the 900MHz module and expect it to work properly. Likewise, you cannot flash a 900MHz module with the firmware for the 2.4GHz module. They have different sets of hardware.

The T20 Gemini firmware will ONLY work on the T20 Gemini. Do not Flash this target on the other T20 variants.

You can damage your hardware if you do so. You have been warned!

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz
      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper Gemini T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 900M TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Long-press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools page, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz
      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper Gemini T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 900M TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz
      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper Gemini T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 900M TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

For any of the variants of the Jumper T20, the EdgeTX firmware that came with it (pre EdgeTX 2.9.0) should work fine and there's no need to update it.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

The current active Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Long-press the Menu "Menu" Key on the Radio.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Keys until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
    • Press the Down button.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP by pressing the Down or Up Keys. Press Enter to edit the setting and use the Down or Up Keys to set it to CLI mode. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to unplug-replug the USB Cable first or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Jumper 2.4 GHz
      • Jumper 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • Jumper Gemini T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 2.4GHz TX
      • Jumper AION T-20 900M TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

The ExpressLRS Lua Script

Setup-Banner

Installing the Lua Script

Download the ELRSv3 Lua Script (you can simply right-click, save-as) into your radio's SD Card under the Scripts/Tools folder.

Lua Folder

Access the script by navigating to your radio's System Menu.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Here's how it looks in the Tools menu (B&W and Color Screens):

    Lua Script B&W

    Lua Script Colored

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

Stuck at Loading... (click/tap to expand)

Go back to the Radio Preparation Guide and make sure the current model is configured for ExpressLRS use.

Also set your Internal or External RF Baudrate to a higher value if the Script still doesn't load after proper configuration of your Model.

As of 3.3.0:

  • 500Hz or faster packet rates require >400K Baudrate.
  • 333Hz is the fastest packet rate you can use with 400K Baudrate.

Understanding and Using the Lua Script

The Header

The first line, "Header", will show you some information about your ExpressLRS link.

Lua Header

Module Identifier

Shows the name of the current active Transmitter Module or Device.

Packet Counter

Shows the number of Bad and Good Packets the TX Module receives from the Radio. The second set of number should match your selected Packet Rate. e.g. If you've set your Packet Rate to 500Hz, the Packet Counter should show 0/500, which means you're not getting any Bad Packets ( 0 Bad Packets ) and only getting Good Packets ( 500 Good Packets ). Any small fluctuation is normal and often goes back to 100% Good Packets, especially when you change a setting and it's committed into memory.

Should the indicator starts showing Bad Packets, and Good Packets goes down, it isn't a good situation. Make sure your module is not overheating and it's still getting a good connection with the radio. This is most dangerous when you're armed and flying several kilometers/miles out, as this could mean a sudden Failsafe.

Connection Indicator

Shows the current RC Link status. When not connected to any receiver, it will show a dash (-); while a C shows up when bound and connected.

The Model Mismatch message will also show up to indicate you are connected to a receiver, but the model selected on your radio is incorrect. See the Model Match page for more info about Model Matching.

Lua Model Mismatch

The Armed message will show up if you have the Arming Switch active (High, ~2000us). This is meant to warn users that changing parameters could result in a desync or disconnection with a receiver, resulting into a FAILSAFE.

If you do not meant to have your system Armed and ready for flying, make sure to toggle this switch to the Disarmed position (Low, ~1000us). Update your CH5 settings on the radio so that the output of this switch is correct (Low = disarmed; High = armed). See Switch Configs.

Lua Armed

WARNING

Do not change parameters while ARMED. When a parameter is changed, the module goes into Parameter Commit mode, interrupting the normal loop. This could result in a desync on some hardware combination which would result in a FAILSAFE.

Version Line

The Version Line, found near the bottom of the Lua Script, indicates the firmware version flashed into the Device. This is present on both TX Modules and Receivers.

Lua Version Color

Lua Version B&W

Lua Version Receiver

From these examples:

  • 3.3.0 - The numerical Version Number, in the form of Major.Minor.Patch.

  • ISM2G4 - The Regulatory Domain set into the Device. TX and RX Regulatory Domains should match.

  • ae9df3 - The Git commit hash for the version or branch.

Folder Titles

Items with > before the name is a folder that when selected shows another level of customization. TX Power, VTX Administrator, Wifi Connectivity are examples of these items.

🆕 These items will now show what is currently set for the items within. An example would be on TX Power, which will show the current Power set, and if Dynamic Power is enabled, it will show the current set Max Power, followed by the indicator Dyn.

Packet Rate and Telemetry Ratio

Lua Color Full

Lua B&W Full

These are shown as Packet Rate and Telem Ratio in the Lua script, which allows you to change your performance parameters.

  • Packet Rate sets how fast data packets are sent, higher rates send packets more frequently and have lower latency.

    The following options are available for 2.4GHz:

    • 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz & 500Hz: Lora-based options. Higher means lower latency at the expense of sensitivity. Since v1.0.
    • F500 & F1000 🆕 : Pure FLRC for lowest latency, reduced range compared to LoRa, 500Hz and 1000Hz. Details
    • D250 & D500 🆕 : Redundant transmit FLRC modes. D stands for Déjà Vu, 250Hz and 500Hz. Higher latency, reduced packet jitter and higher LQ. Same range as other FLRC modes. Details
    • 100Hz Full & 333Hz Full 🆕 : Lora-based 10-bit Full Resolution with 8ch/12ch/16 Switch Mode options. Details

    The following options are available for 900MHz:

    • 25Hz, 50Hz, 100Hz & 200Hz: LoRa-based options. Higher means lower latency at the expense of sensitivity. Since v1.0.
    • 100Hz Full 🆕 : Lora-based 10-bit Full Resolution with 8ch/12ch/16 Switch Mode options. Details

    The number following the rate in parentheses (e.g. -105dBm for 500Hz) is the Sensitivity Limit for the rate, the lowest RSSI where packets will still be received. See Signal Health for more information about the sensitivity limit.

WARNING

Never change the packet rate while flying as this FORCES A DISCONNECT between the TX and RX.

  • Telem Ratio sets the telemetry ratio or how much of the packet rate is used to send telemetry. The options, in order of increasing telemetry rate, are: Off, 1:128, 1:64, 1:32, 1:16, 1:8, 1:4, 1:2. A Telem Ratio of 1:64 means one out of every 64 packets are used for telemetry data.

    • 🆕 v3.0 comes with Std and Race options. Std changes ratio depending on the Packet Rate, and Race is the same as Std, but will disable telemetry and sync while Armed.

    For information on telemetry setup, see First Flight: Telemetry and Telemetry Bandwidth.

Switch Mode

The Switch Mode setting controls how channels AUX1-AUX8 are sent to the receiver (the 4 main channels are always 10-bit). The options are Hybrid & Wide. Hybrid mode is 6x 2, 3 or 6-position + 1x 16-position, and Wide is 7x 64 or 128-position. For detail about the differences, see the Switch Configs documentation.

🆕 In full resolution modes, the Switch Mode parameter selects the number of channels to be used. Full Resolution Switch Modes

Hot Tip

The Switch Mode can only be changed when not connected to a receiver. The top right corner of the Lua script will show a - if you're not connected.

Antenna Mode

This option is only available to Gemini-capable TX Modules. See the Gemini Page for more details.

Available Options:

  • Gemini

    • Transmit on two TX antennas simultaneously at different frequencies 40MHz apart (for 2.4GHz) or ~10MHz apart (for 900MHz).

  • Ant 1/Ant 2

    • Transmit only on one antenna.

  • Switch

    • Alternate between the two Antennas.

Model Match

ExpressLRS supports multiple configuration profiles, and the configuration profile is selected by setting the "Receiver ID" property in the Radio Handset's Model Setup -> Internal/External RF -> Receiver (number).

Model Config

Model Match is used to prevent accidentally selecting the wrong model in the handset and flying with an unexpected handset or ELRS configuration. Setting this to On while a receiver is connected will make that receiver only connect with the current Receiver ID. Setting it to Off will allow a connection with any bound receiver (including those using a Bind Phrase). Both sides of the connection must agree on their Model Match setting. For a detailed explanation of how this restricts connections see Model Match.

The Receiver ID of the active model is shown after the option value.

TX Power

Power Settings Color

Power Settings BW

The TX Power folder is where you can change your TX Module's Transmission Power settings. Press Enter once to access the settings and Press RTN key to go back to the previous page.

  • Max Power sets the maximum power level your TX will transmit at. Selecting a power level higher or lower than your TX supports will revert to the closest supported level. The options are 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000 & 2000 mW. If Dynamic Power is set to Off this is the power level your TX always uses.

  • Dynamic enables the Dynamic Power feature. Off means that the TX will transmit at Max Power at all times. Dyn means the TX will dynamically lower power to save energy when maximum power is not needed. The options AUX9, AUX10, AUX11, AUX12 indicate that the TX can be changed from max power to dynamic power by changing the position of a switch. where switch HIGH (>1500us) = dynamic power, switch LOW (<1500us) = max power. For more information, Dynamic Transmit Power provides a deeper dive into the algorithm and usage.

  • Fan Thresh sets the power level the Fan should activate, e.g. if set to 100mW, then the fan should spin up if you set Max Power to 100mW with Dynamic set to OFF after a short delay. The fan will continue running for some time even after the power level goes below the threshold. Not all modules have a Fan header that benefits from the setting. . Default fan threshold is 250mW.

VTX Administrator

VTX Settings

VTX Settings BW

VTX Administrator allows you to change your VTX settings directly from your radio, and have those VTX settings be applied to any receiver you connect to. The VTX settings are sent every time a new connection is acquired, or when [Send VTX] is pressed.

Hot Tip

VTX Administrator will send the current VTX settings to the flight controller whenever the TX module detects a connection to the RX. This means that it will resend them after telemetry lost/recovered. So if you have used any other method to change the VTX power level (i.e. OSD), then that will be overridden if you lose/regain telemetry in flight.

  • Band sets the VTX band, the options are Off, A, B, E, F, R & L, the standard analog FPV bands. Off means that VTX Administrator will not adjust any VTX settings.

  • Channel sets the VTX channel, the options are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 which are the standard channels in the above bands.

  • Pwr Lvl sets the VTX power by index, the options are -, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8 which are the power levels that your VTX can do. Refer to your VTX table settings on the flight controller for the exact power levels. For example a VTX may have 1 = 25mW, 2 = 100mwW, 3 = 200mW, 4 = 500mW.

  • Pitmode the options are On & Off which allow you to quickly switch into or out of pitmode

  • Finally pressing the [Send VTX] button sends the configured settings to the receiver and on to the VTX. These settings are also sent every time a connection is established.

WiFi Connectivity

WiFi Connectivity Settings

WiFi Connectivity Settings BW

This section contains all the WiFi-related functions.

  • Enable WiFi will activate the TX module WiFi mode for updating via WiFi (if the TX Module has WiFi Capabilities). Visit this page for instructions on how the updating process works.

  • Enable RX WiFi will put the bound and connected receiver into WiFi mode to facilitate updating via WiFi (if the receiver has WiFi capabilities).

  • Enable Backpack WiFi will put the TX Backpack into WiFi mode (available only to TX modules with backpacks connected and updated to the new Backpack firmwares).

  • Enable VRx WiFi will put the VRx Backpack that is bound and connected to the onboard TX Backpack into WiFi mode to facilitate updating via WiFi.

Backpack Options

The parameters in this folder enables you to change the Backpack-related parameters.

Backpack Color

Backpack B&W

  • Backpack - Turn the Backpack function On or Off.
  • DVR Rec - Set which Aux Channel and what channel position will trigger DVR Recording on the goggles. Only possible on FPV Goggles with VRX Backpack integration.
  • DVR Srt Delay - How soon should the DVR start Recording upon activation of the Aux switch?
  • DVR Stp Delay - How soon should the DVR stop Recording upon deactivation of the Aux switch?
  • HT Enable - Turn Headtracking On or Off. Only available on some FPV Goggles with VRX Backpack integration.
  • HT Start Channel - Starting Channel to send Head Tracking positions to.
  • Version - The Backpack Firmware version flashed into the TX Backpack.

For more information, see the Backpack Guide.

Bind

Take Notice!

This command will only work on receivers that are already in Bind Mode (indicated by two blinks LED pattern). Receivers with a binding phrase set/flashed into them will NOT EVER go into this Bind Mode, and thus this command will not do anything.

Devices with the same binding phrase and compatible firmware versions should automatically sync/bind upon power up.

Binding

Binding BW

Pressing the [Bind] button activates the binding mode for traditional binding. This does nothing for users who have configured a bind phrase and is not needed. For more information check out this page on binding.

BLE Joystick (ESP32 TXes Only)

BLE Joystick

BLE Joystick BW

Pressing the [BLE Joystick] selection activates BluetoothLE Joystick mode which allows connection to simulators through the bluetooth of your computer. Reboot or change models to exit this mode.

Other Devices

The Other Devices folder, if present, allows changing the configuration of other connected devices, such as the current receiver. It is also used to go back to the TX Module options.

Other Devices

Other Devices

Receiver Options

Receiver Single

Receiver Diversity

Receiver Gemini

Protocol

The Protocol setting controls the output of the connected receiver. The following options are available:

  • CRSF - The regular CRSF Protocol Output. Recommended for most application.
  • Inverted CRSF - The CRSF Protocol inverted for use in Flight Controllers that doesn't have any other uarts available and the only option is to connect the receiver TX pin into an SBUS pad (Inverted RX). This is the old Invert TX Pin option.
  • SBUS - Let the receiver output SBUS signal for use with devices that doesn't support CRSF protocol, like Stabilizers, Heli Controllers etc.
  • Inverted SBUS - Like the above, but inverted.
  • SUMD - Graupner/HoTT
  • DJI RS2 Pro - Mainly used for the RS2 Pro Gimbals

For more information, see Receiver Serial Protocols

Antenna Mode

The Antenna Mode setting is only available for Receivers with Antenna Diversity. These options are available:

  • Diversity - Both Antennas will be active. Receiver will switch to the antenna with better RSSI.
  • Ant1/Ant2 - Only one antenna will be enabled (for both RC command reception and Telemetry sending).

Receiver Mode

The Receiver Mode setting is only available for True Diversity receivers. These options are available:

  • Gemini - Receive on two RX antennas simultaneously at different frequency 40MHz apart (for 2.4GHz) or ~10MHz apart (for 900MHz). Best used when you have a Gemini-capable TX Module.
  • Diversity - Both Antennas will be active. Receiver will switch to the antenna with better RSSI.
  • Ant1/Ant2 - Only one antenna will be working to receive RC commands (and send Telemetry).

Tlm Power

The Telemetry Power setting is used to adjust the telemetry transmit power of the receiver. You can only adjust this on receivers with Power Amplifiers.

Init Rate

The Initialization Rate setting controls the packet rate that the receiver will start checking for the Sync Packet. On boot, the receiver will listen for the Sync Packet starting with the fastest RF Mode or Packet Rate, down to the slowest, then cycles, until it finally Syncs and Binds. Setting this parameter closer or equal to the Packet Rate you've set for the TX module will allow the receiver to Bind or Connect much faster.

Loan Model/Return Model

These commands allow the user to Loan/Return the model. For more information, see the Loan Model guide.

Output Mapping

Receiver Gemini

This folder is only available to PWM receivers. This will allow users to set options for each of the output pins of their PWM receivers.

  • Output Ch - Select the Channel or Pin in the PWM receiver to change settings for.
  • Input Ch - Select which Channel on your Radio Mix will send its output to the Receiver PWM Channel.
  • Output Mode - Select the command rate for the Output Pin. Best to set this to the refresh rate of the servo or device.
  • Invert - Set this option to On or Off to toggle the direction for the Output Channel.

For more information, see PWM Receivers page.

Model ID

This line shows the currently set Model ID for the receiver when Model Matching is enabled. This number should match the Receiver ID set with the current active Model on the Radio handset, otherwise, there will be Model Mismatch! See Model Match for more details.

Recommendations

  • For racing where maximum performance is a must, the 500Hz modes or faster, with the Race Telemetry mode, is ideal. Hybrid Switch Mode is also good here.

  • For freestyle and general everyday flying, you may use the 250Hz modes or faster, with the Std Telemetry mode. Switch Mode doesn't matter as much here. Select what's appropriate for your Flight Mode settings.

  • For fixed wings, we recommend using 100Hz Full Res, together with either Std or your choice of Telemetry Ratio. Switch Mode will depend greatly on how many full resolution channels you intend to use.

Troubleshooting the Lua Script

ExpressLRS Lua Script is stuck at Loading...

ExpressLRS Lua Script is stuck at Loading...

Go back to the Radio Setup Guide and make sure your radio is prepped up for ExpressLRS. Check that the ExpressLRS TX module is enabled - otherwise the script cannot be loaded.

Also, make sure your module has been flashed with v3.0 firmware. V3 Lua for V3.0-flashed modules, V2 Lua for v2.x-flashed modules (including some modules fresh from the factory).

For newly-acquired ExpressLRS modules, flashing via USB is the recommended update method.

I cannot change the Switch Mode!

I cannot change the Switch Mode!

Changing switch modes requires that the TX module and Receiver aren't connected to each other (no C in the top right corner of the Lua Script). Power off the receiver first, change the Switch Mode from the Lua script, then power up the receiver. The Switch Mode should then apply.

I cannot change my Packet Rate to F1000!

I cannot change my Packet Rate to F1000!

F1000 requires higher than 400K baud rates. First update your baud rate setting either in the Model Setup menu or in the System Menu -> Hardware, reboot your radio to ensure that the baud rate setting got applied and then change the Packet Rate.

Do note that not every handset is capable of higher than 400K baud rates. See the Radio Setup Guide for the details.

I cannot change to Full Resolution Rates!

I cannot change to Full Resolution Rates!

As Full Resolution Rates call for an entirely different Switch Modes, you need to first disconnect the Receiver and the TX module from each other, like how you would change Switch Modes. Power down the receiver, change the Packet Rate to the Full Resolution modes, select your Switch Mode scheme and then power up the receiver or the aircraft.

VTX Admin is not working but I can change VTX channels via OSD Menu.

VTX Admin is not working but I can change VTX channels via OSD Menu.

As VTX Admin depends on MSP which then depends on Telemetry, ensure that you have Telemetry enabled on your FC Configuration and that you are getting more than 10 Telemetry Sensors on your Radio (Model Setup -> Telemetry page; Delete and Discover New sensors to refresh the sensor list.) Also, make sure Telem Ratio is not Off.

There is no C on the top right corner, and I'm not getting Telemetry in my radio!

There is no C on the top right corner, and I'm not getting Telemetry in my radio!

Make sure Telem Ratio is not set to Off. Set it to Std, or any other value other than Off.

On v1.x, I can choose 2W on the Lua, but I cannot do that anymore. What gives?

On v1.x, I can choose 2W on the Lua, but I cannot do that anymore. What gives?

This means your module cannot go that high or that low. The power levels you can select on the new Lua script are based on the power levels your module supports. This also applies to other options like Enable Backpack WiFi or BLE Joystick. If your module doesn't support any of these features, it won't show up on the Lua Script.

The ExpressLRS Lua Script

Setup-Banner

Installing the Lua Script

Download the ELRSv3 Lua Script (you can simply right-click, save-as) into your radio's SD Card under the Scripts/Tools folder.

Lua Folder

Access the script by navigating to your radio's System Menu.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Here's how it looks in the Tools menu (B&W and Color Screens):

    Lua Script B&W

    Lua Script Colored

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

Stuck at Loading... (click/tap to expand)

Go back to the Radio Preparation Guide and make sure the current model is configured for ExpressLRS use.

Also set your Internal or External RF Baudrate to a higher value if the Script still doesn't load after proper configuration of your Model.

As of 3.3.0:

  • 500Hz or faster packet rates require >400K Baudrate.
  • 333Hz is the fastest packet rate you can use with 400K Baudrate.

Understanding and Using the Lua Script

The Header

The first line, "Header", will show you some information about your ExpressLRS link.

Lua Header

Module Identifier

Shows the name of the current active Transmitter Module or Device.

Packet Counter

Shows the number of Bad and Good Packets the TX Module receives from the Radio. The second set of number should match your selected Packet Rate. e.g. If you've set your Packet Rate to 500Hz, the Packet Counter should show 0/500, which means you're not getting any Bad Packets ( 0 Bad Packets ) and only getting Good Packets ( 500 Good Packets ). Any small fluctuation is normal and often goes back to 100% Good Packets, especially when you change a setting and it's committed into memory.

Should the indicator starts showing Bad Packets, and Good Packets goes down, it isn't a good situation. Make sure your module is not overheating and it's still getting a good connection with the radio. This is most dangerous when you're armed and flying several kilometers/miles out, as this could mean a sudden Failsafe.

Connection Indicator

Shows the current RC Link status. When not connected to any receiver, it will show a dash (-); while a C shows up when bound and connected.

The Model Mismatch message will also show up to indicate you are connected to a receiver, but the model selected on your radio is incorrect. See the Model Match page for more info about Model Matching.

Lua Model Mismatch

The Armed message will show up if you have the Arming Switch active (High, ~2000us). This is meant to warn users that changing parameters could result in a desync or disconnection with a receiver, resulting into a FAILSAFE.

If you do not meant to have your system Armed and ready for flying, make sure to toggle this switch to the Disarmed position (Low, ~1000us). Update your CH5 settings on the radio so that the output of this switch is correct (Low = disarmed; High = armed). See Switch Configs.

Lua Armed

WARNING

Do not change parameters while ARMED. When a parameter is changed, the module goes into Parameter Commit mode, interrupting the normal loop. This could result in a desync on some hardware combination which would result in a FAILSAFE.

Version Line

The Version Line, found near the bottom of the Lua Script, indicates the firmware version flashed into the Device. This is present on both TX Modules and Receivers.

Lua Version Color

Lua Version B&W

Lua Version Receiver

From these examples:

  • 3.3.0 - The numerical Version Number, in the form of Major.Minor.Patch.

  • ISM2G4 - The Regulatory Domain set into the Device. TX and RX Regulatory Domains should match.

  • ae9df3 - The Git commit hash for the version or branch.

Folder Titles

Items with > before the name is a folder that when selected shows another level of customization. TX Power, VTX Administrator, Wifi Connectivity are examples of these items.

🆕 These items will now show what is currently set for the items within. An example would be on TX Power, which will show the current Power set, and if Dynamic Power is enabled, it will show the current set Max Power, followed by the indicator Dyn.

Packet Rate and Telemetry Ratio

Lua Color Full

Lua B&W Full

These are shown as Packet Rate and Telem Ratio in the Lua script, which allows you to change your performance parameters.

  • Packet Rate sets how fast data packets are sent, higher rates send packets more frequently and have lower latency.

    The following options are available for 2.4GHz:

    • 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz & 500Hz: Lora-based options. Higher means lower latency at the expense of sensitivity. Since v1.0.
    • F500 & F1000 🆕 : Pure FLRC for lowest latency, reduced range compared to LoRa, 500Hz and 1000Hz. Details
    • D250 & D500 🆕 : Redundant transmit FLRC modes. D stands for Déjà Vu, 250Hz and 500Hz. Higher latency, reduced packet jitter and higher LQ. Same range as other FLRC modes. Details
    • 100Hz Full & 333Hz Full 🆕 : Lora-based 10-bit Full Resolution with 8ch/12ch/16 Switch Mode options. Details

    The following options are available for 900MHz:

    • 25Hz, 50Hz, 100Hz & 200Hz: LoRa-based options. Higher means lower latency at the expense of sensitivity. Since v1.0.
    • 100Hz Full 🆕 : Lora-based 10-bit Full Resolution with 8ch/12ch/16 Switch Mode options. Details

    The number following the rate in parentheses (e.g. -105dBm for 500Hz) is the Sensitivity Limit for the rate, the lowest RSSI where packets will still be received. See Signal Health for more information about the sensitivity limit.

WARNING

Never change the packet rate while flying as this FORCES A DISCONNECT between the TX and RX.

  • Telem Ratio sets the telemetry ratio or how much of the packet rate is used to send telemetry. The options, in order of increasing telemetry rate, are: Off, 1:128, 1:64, 1:32, 1:16, 1:8, 1:4, 1:2. A Telem Ratio of 1:64 means one out of every 64 packets are used for telemetry data.

    • 🆕 v3.0 comes with Std and Race options. Std changes ratio depending on the Packet Rate, and Race is the same as Std, but will disable telemetry and sync while Armed.

    For information on telemetry setup, see First Flight: Telemetry and Telemetry Bandwidth.

Switch Mode

The Switch Mode setting controls how channels AUX1-AUX8 are sent to the receiver (the 4 main channels are always 10-bit). The options are Hybrid & Wide. Hybrid mode is 6x 2, 3 or 6-position + 1x 16-position, and Wide is 7x 64 or 128-position. For detail about the differences, see the Switch Configs documentation.

🆕 In full resolution modes, the Switch Mode parameter selects the number of channels to be used. Full Resolution Switch Modes

Hot Tip

The Switch Mode can only be changed when not connected to a receiver. The top right corner of the Lua script will show a - if you're not connected.

Antenna Mode

This option is only available to Gemini-capable TX Modules. See the Gemini Page for more details.

Available Options:

  • Gemini

    • Transmit on two TX antennas simultaneously at different frequencies 40MHz apart (for 2.4GHz) or ~10MHz apart (for 900MHz).

  • Ant 1/Ant 2

    • Transmit only on one antenna.

  • Switch

    • Alternate between the two Antennas.

Model Match

ExpressLRS supports multiple configuration profiles, and the configuration profile is selected by setting the "Receiver ID" property in the Radio Handset's Model Setup -> Internal/External RF -> Receiver (number).

Model Config

Model Match is used to prevent accidentally selecting the wrong model in the handset and flying with an unexpected handset or ELRS configuration. Setting this to On while a receiver is connected will make that receiver only connect with the current Receiver ID. Setting it to Off will allow a connection with any bound receiver (including those using a Bind Phrase). Both sides of the connection must agree on their Model Match setting. For a detailed explanation of how this restricts connections see Model Match.

The Receiver ID of the active model is shown after the option value.

TX Power

Power Settings Color

Power Settings BW

The TX Power folder is where you can change your TX Module's Transmission Power settings. Press Enter once to access the settings and Press RTN key to go back to the previous page.

  • Max Power sets the maximum power level your TX will transmit at. Selecting a power level higher or lower than your TX supports will revert to the closest supported level. The options are 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000 & 2000 mW. If Dynamic Power is set to Off this is the power level your TX always uses.

  • Dynamic enables the Dynamic Power feature. Off means that the TX will transmit at Max Power at all times. Dyn means the TX will dynamically lower power to save energy when maximum power is not needed. The options AUX9, AUX10, AUX11, AUX12 indicate that the TX can be changed from max power to dynamic power by changing the position of a switch. where switch HIGH (>1500us) = dynamic power, switch LOW (<1500us) = max power. For more information, Dynamic Transmit Power provides a deeper dive into the algorithm and usage.

  • Fan Thresh sets the power level the Fan should activate, e.g. if set to 100mW, then the fan should spin up if you set Max Power to 100mW with Dynamic set to OFF after a short delay. The fan will continue running for some time even after the power level goes below the threshold. Not all modules have a Fan header that benefits from the setting. . Default fan threshold is 250mW.

VTX Administrator

VTX Settings

VTX Settings BW

VTX Administrator allows you to change your VTX settings directly from your radio, and have those VTX settings be applied to any receiver you connect to. The VTX settings are sent every time a new connection is acquired, or when [Send VTX] is pressed.

Hot Tip

VTX Administrator will send the current VTX settings to the flight controller whenever the TX module detects a connection to the RX. This means that it will resend them after telemetry lost/recovered. So if you have used any other method to change the VTX power level (i.e. OSD), then that will be overridden if you lose/regain telemetry in flight.

  • Band sets the VTX band, the options are Off, A, B, E, F, R & L, the standard analog FPV bands. Off means that VTX Administrator will not adjust any VTX settings.

  • Channel sets the VTX channel, the options are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 which are the standard channels in the above bands.

  • Pwr Lvl sets the VTX power by index, the options are -, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8 which are the power levels that your VTX can do. Refer to your VTX table settings on the flight controller for the exact power levels. For example a VTX may have 1 = 25mW, 2 = 100mwW, 3 = 200mW, 4 = 500mW.

  • Pitmode the options are On & Off which allow you to quickly switch into or out of pitmode

  • Finally pressing the [Send VTX] button sends the configured settings to the receiver and on to the VTX. These settings are also sent every time a connection is established.

WiFi Connectivity

WiFi Connectivity Settings

WiFi Connectivity Settings BW

This section contains all the WiFi-related functions.

  • Enable WiFi will activate the TX module WiFi mode for updating via WiFi (if the TX Module has WiFi Capabilities). Visit this page for instructions on how the updating process works.

  • Enable RX WiFi will put the bound and connected receiver into WiFi mode to facilitate updating via WiFi (if the receiver has WiFi capabilities).

  • Enable Backpack WiFi will put the TX Backpack into WiFi mode (available only to TX modules with backpacks connected and updated to the new Backpack firmwares).

  • Enable VRx WiFi will put the VRx Backpack that is bound and connected to the onboard TX Backpack into WiFi mode to facilitate updating via WiFi.

Backpack Options

The parameters in this folder enables you to change the Backpack-related parameters.

Backpack Color

Backpack B&W

  • Backpack - Turn the Backpack function On or Off.
  • DVR Rec - Set which Aux Channel and what channel position will trigger DVR Recording on the goggles. Only possible on FPV Goggles with VRX Backpack integration.
  • DVR Srt Delay - How soon should the DVR start Recording upon activation of the Aux switch?
  • DVR Stp Delay - How soon should the DVR stop Recording upon deactivation of the Aux switch?
  • HT Enable - Turn Headtracking On or Off. Only available on some FPV Goggles with VRX Backpack integration.
  • HT Start Channel - Starting Channel to send Head Tracking positions to.
  • Version - The Backpack Firmware version flashed into the TX Backpack.

For more information, see the Backpack Guide.

Bind

Take Notice!

This command will only work on receivers that are already in Bind Mode (indicated by two blinks LED pattern). Receivers with a binding phrase set/flashed into them will NOT EVER go into this Bind Mode, and thus this command will not do anything.

Devices with the same binding phrase and compatible firmware versions should automatically sync/bind upon power up.

Binding

Binding BW

Pressing the [Bind] button activates the binding mode for traditional binding. This does nothing for users who have configured a bind phrase and is not needed. For more information check out this page on binding.

BLE Joystick (ESP32 TXes Only)

BLE Joystick

BLE Joystick BW

Pressing the [BLE Joystick] selection activates BluetoothLE Joystick mode which allows connection to simulators through the bluetooth of your computer. Reboot or change models to exit this mode.

Other Devices

The Other Devices folder, if present, allows changing the configuration of other connected devices, such as the current receiver. It is also used to go back to the TX Module options.

Other Devices

Other Devices

Receiver Options

Receiver Single

Receiver Diversity

Receiver Gemini

Protocol

The Protocol setting controls the output of the connected receiver. The following options are available:

  • CRSF - The regular CRSF Protocol Output. Recommended for most application.
  • Inverted CRSF - The CRSF Protocol inverted for use in Flight Controllers that doesn't have any other uarts available and the only option is to connect the receiver TX pin into an SBUS pad (Inverted RX). This is the old Invert TX Pin option.
  • SBUS - Let the receiver output SBUS signal for use with devices that doesn't support CRSF protocol, like Stabilizers, Heli Controllers etc.
  • Inverted SBUS - Like the above, but inverted.
  • SUMD - Graupner/HoTT
  • DJI RS2 Pro - Mainly used for the RS2 Pro Gimbals

For more information, see Receiver Serial Protocols

Antenna Mode

The Antenna Mode setting is only available for Receivers with Antenna Diversity. These options are available:

  • Diversity - Both Antennas will be active. Receiver will switch to the antenna with better RSSI.
  • Ant1/Ant2 - Only one antenna will be enabled (for both RC command reception and Telemetry sending).

Receiver Mode

The Receiver Mode setting is only available for True Diversity receivers. These options are available:

  • Gemini - Receive on two RX antennas simultaneously at different frequency 40MHz apart (for 2.4GHz) or ~10MHz apart (for 900MHz). Best used when you have a Gemini-capable TX Module.
  • Diversity - Both Antennas will be active. Receiver will switch to the antenna with better RSSI.
  • Ant1/Ant2 - Only one antenna will be working to receive RC commands (and send Telemetry).

Tlm Power

The Telemetry Power setting is used to adjust the telemetry transmit power of the receiver. You can only adjust this on receivers with Power Amplifiers.

Init Rate

The Initialization Rate setting controls the packet rate that the receiver will start checking for the Sync Packet. On boot, the receiver will listen for the Sync Packet starting with the fastest RF Mode or Packet Rate, down to the slowest, then cycles, until it finally Syncs and Binds. Setting this parameter closer or equal to the Packet Rate you've set for the TX module will allow the receiver to Bind or Connect much faster.

Loan Model/Return Model

These commands allow the user to Loan/Return the model. For more information, see the Loan Model guide.

Output Mapping

Receiver Gemini

This folder is only available to PWM receivers. This will allow users to set options for each of the output pins of their PWM receivers.

  • Output Ch - Select the Channel or Pin in the PWM receiver to change settings for.
  • Input Ch - Select which Channel on your Radio Mix will send its output to the Receiver PWM Channel.
  • Output Mode - Select the command rate for the Output Pin. Best to set this to the refresh rate of the servo or device.
  • Invert - Set this option to On or Off to toggle the direction for the Output Channel.

For more information, see PWM Receivers page.

Model ID

This line shows the currently set Model ID for the receiver when Model Matching is enabled. This number should match the Receiver ID set with the current active Model on the Radio handset, otherwise, there will be Model Mismatch! See Model Match for more details.

Recommendations

  • For racing where maximum performance is a must, the 500Hz modes or faster, with the Race Telemetry mode, is ideal. Hybrid Switch Mode is also good here.

  • For freestyle and general everyday flying, you may use the 250Hz modes or faster, with the Std Telemetry mode. Switch Mode doesn't matter as much here. Select what's appropriate for your Flight Mode settings.

  • For fixed wings, we recommend using 100Hz Full Res, together with either Std or your choice of Telemetry Ratio. Switch Mode will depend greatly on how many full resolution channels you intend to use.

Troubleshooting the Lua Script

ExpressLRS Lua Script is stuck at Loading...

ExpressLRS Lua Script is stuck at Loading...

Go back to the Radio Setup Guide and make sure your radio is prepped up for ExpressLRS. Check that the ExpressLRS TX module is enabled - otherwise the script cannot be loaded.

Also, make sure your module has been flashed with v3.0 firmware. V3 Lua for V3.0-flashed modules, V2 Lua for v2.x-flashed modules (including some modules fresh from the factory).

For newly-acquired ExpressLRS modules, flashing via USB is the recommended update method.

I cannot change the Switch Mode!

I cannot change the Switch Mode!

Changing switch modes requires that the TX module and Receiver aren't connected to each other (no C in the top right corner of the Lua Script). Power off the receiver first, change the Switch Mode from the Lua script, then power up the receiver. The Switch Mode should then apply.

I cannot change my Packet Rate to F1000!

I cannot change my Packet Rate to F1000!

F1000 requires higher than 400K baud rates. First update your baud rate setting either in the Model Setup menu or in the System Menu -> Hardware, reboot your radio to ensure that the baud rate setting got applied and then change the Packet Rate.

Do note that not every handset is capable of higher than 400K baud rates. See the Radio Setup Guide for the details.

I cannot change to Full Resolution Rates!

I cannot change to Full Resolution Rates!

As Full Resolution Rates call for an entirely different Switch Modes, you need to first disconnect the Receiver and the TX module from each other, like how you would change Switch Modes. Power down the receiver, change the Packet Rate to the Full Resolution modes, select your Switch Mode scheme and then power up the receiver or the aircraft.

VTX Admin is not working but I can change VTX channels via OSD Menu.

VTX Admin is not working but I can change VTX channels via OSD Menu.

As VTX Admin depends on MSP which then depends on Telemetry, ensure that you have Telemetry enabled on your FC Configuration and that you are getting more than 10 Telemetry Sensors on your Radio (Model Setup -> Telemetry page; Delete and Discover New sensors to refresh the sensor list.) Also, make sure Telem Ratio is not Off.

There is no C on the top right corner, and I'm not getting Telemetry in my radio!

There is no C on the top right corner, and I'm not getting Telemetry in my radio!

Make sure Telem Ratio is not set to Off. Set it to Std, or any other value other than Off.

On v1.x, I can choose 2W on the Lua, but I cannot do that anymore. What gives?

On v1.x, I can choose 2W on the Lua, but I cannot do that anymore. What gives?

This means your module cannot go that high or that low. The power levels you can select on the new Lua script are based on the power levels your module supports. This also applies to other options like Enable Backpack WiFi or BLE Joystick. If your module doesn't support any of these features, it won't show up on the Lua Script.

Radiomaster Bandit

Setup-Banner

Info

These devices come pre-installed with a 3.x-ready firmware. You don't need to reflash these devices. You can use the Web UI of these devices to update the Binding Phrase or any of the firmware options.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 900MHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Bandit 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit Micro 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit nano 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Bandit 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit Micro 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit nano 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Bandit 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit Micro 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit nano 900MHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Bandit 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit Micro 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit nano 900MHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Radiomaster Bandit

Setup-Banner

Info

These devices come pre-installed with a 3.x-ready firmware. You don't need to reflash these devices. You can use the Web UI of these devices to update the Binding Phrase or any of the firmware options.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 900MHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Bandit 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit Micro 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit nano 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Bandit 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit Micro 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit nano 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Bandit 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit Micro 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit nano 900MHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Bandit 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit Micro 900MHz TX
      • RadioMaster Bandit nano 900MHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Internal RadioMaster

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Zorro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX16S Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX12 Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Boxer Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Pocket Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster MT12 Internal 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Zorro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX16S Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX12 Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Boxer Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Pocket Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster MT12 Internal 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Zorro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX16S Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX12 Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Boxer Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Pocket Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster MT12 Internal 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

  • TX16S MK2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.0 (f79978b) or EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0).
  • Zorro: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.0 (f79978b) or EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0). It often comes with an earlier EdgeTX 2.7.0 version (2bdd4974) which results in unsuccessful flashing.
  • TX12 MK2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.
  • Boxer: The factory EdgeTX firmware should be based off an early EdgeTX 2.8.0 and wouldn't need an update.
  • Pocket: The factory EdgeTX firmware shouldn't need an update.
  • MT12: The factory EdgeTX firmware shouldn't need an update.

Hot Tip

To ensure updating success with this method, update the EdgeTX firmware on the radio as mentioned above.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules. There are stickers marked with "ELRS" attached to your radio packaging or boxes, as well as on the JR module bays indicating the type of internal rf module the radio have.

Internal ELRS Marking
Example Sticker On RadioMaster Handset/Radios

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before you proceed.

  1. Press the SYS Key on the Radio.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you get to the Serial Ports settings.
  4. Scroll down and select USB-VCP. Press Enter and use the Scroll Wheel to set it to CLI mode if it is set to a different setting. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to unplug-replug the USB Cable first or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Zorro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX16S Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX12 Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Boxer Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Pocket Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster MT12 Internal 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.

  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

    Lua Loaded

Internal RadioMaster

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Zorro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX16S Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX12 Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Boxer Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Pocket Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster MT12 Internal 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Zorro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX16S Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX12 Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Boxer Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Pocket Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster MT12 Internal 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Zorro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX16S Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX12 Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Boxer Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Pocket Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster MT12 Internal 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

  • TX16S MK2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.0 (f79978b) or EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0).
  • Zorro: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.0 (f79978b) or EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0). It often comes with an earlier EdgeTX 2.7.0 version (2bdd4974) which results in unsuccessful flashing.
  • TX12 MK2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.
  • Boxer: The factory EdgeTX firmware should be based off an early EdgeTX 2.8.0 and wouldn't need an update.
  • Pocket: The factory EdgeTX firmware shouldn't need an update.
  • MT12: The factory EdgeTX firmware shouldn't need an update.

Hot Tip

To ensure updating success with this method, update the EdgeTX firmware on the radio as mentioned above.

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules. There are stickers marked with "ELRS" attached to your radio packaging or boxes, as well as on the JR module bays indicating the type of internal rf module the radio have.

Internal ELRS Marking
Example Sticker On RadioMaster Handset/Radios

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before you proceed.

  1. Press the SYS Key on the Radio.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you get to the Serial Ports settings.
  4. Scroll down and select USB-VCP. Press Enter and use the Scroll Wheel to set it to CLI mode if it is set to a different setting. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to unplug-replug the USB Cable first or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • RadioMaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Zorro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX16S Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster TX12 Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Boxer Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Pocket Internal 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster MT12 Internal 2.4GHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.

  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

    Lua Loaded

Radiomaster Ranger

Setup-Banner

Info

These devices come pre-installed with a 3.x-ready firmware. You don't need to reflash these devices. You can use the Web UI of these devices to update the Binding Phrase or any of the firmware options.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Ranger 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger Micro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger nano 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Ranger 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger Micro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger nano 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Ranger 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger Micro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger nano 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Ranger 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger Micro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger nano 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Radiomaster Ranger

Setup-Banner

Info

These devices come pre-installed with a 3.x-ready firmware. You don't need to reflash these devices. You can use the Web UI of these devices to update the Binding Phrase or any of the firmware options.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Ranger 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger Micro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger nano 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Ranger 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger Micro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger nano 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Ranger 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger Micro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger nano 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from here: CP210x Drivers
      • Windows Users should download the CP210x Windows Drivers package for easier installation. Unzip/Extract the contents of the package and run the setup wizard.


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Radiomaster 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • RadioMaster Ranger 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger Micro 2.4GHz TX
      • RadioMaster Ranger nano 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Radio Preparation

Setup-Banner

External ExpressLRS Modules

Insert or attach your External ExpressLRS Transmitter Module into your Radio module bay, making sure no pins are bent or missing. External ExpressLRS Modules require three (3) pins to work: VCC/VBAT, GND and S.Port/Data/Signal.

ExternalRF Pinout Micro

Micro External Bay Pinout

ExternalRF Pinout Nano

Nano External Bay Pinout

Internal ExpressLRS Modules

Make sure you do have an Internal ExpressLRS Module on your shiny new radio. The following handsets come in both ELRS (ExpressLRS) or 4-in-1 variants; with some coming in with a third (CC2500). Only the ELRS variant works with ExpressLRS. The others will not work as they have a different Hardware incompatible with ExpressLRS.

  • RadioMaster TX16S MKII (ELRS, 4-in-1 CC2500) - ExpressLRS variant will have an ELRS sticker on the box.
  • RadioMaster TX12 MKII (ELRS, 4-in-1, CC2500) - ExpressLRS variant will have an ELRS sticker on the box and an ELRS sticker in the JR module bay.
  • RadioMaster Zorro (ELRS, 4-in-1, CC2500) - ExpressLRS variant will have an ELRS sticker on the box.
  • RadioMaster Boxer (ELRS, 4-in-1, CC2500) - ExpressLRS variant will have an ELRS sticker on the box and an ELRS sticker in the JR module bay.
  • Jumper T-Lite V2 (ELRS, 4-in-1, CC2500)
  • Jumper T-Pro V1/V2 (ELRS, 4-in-1)
  • BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro (ELRS, CC2500) - A sticker with the barcode at the bottom of the box should tell you it's an ELRS variant or the CC2500 variant.

Internal ELRS Marking

Example Sticker On RadioMaster Handset/Radios

Radio Operating System

ExpressLRS requires CRSFShot or Mixer Sync to ensure full support for high packet rates. You should have OpenTX 2.3.12 or newer, or EdgeTX 2.4.0 or newer; These versions have full CRSFShot/Mixer Sync support.

To determine your Radio Operating System Version, load the Version page from the System Menu of your Radio:

  1. Press the SYS Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
  2. Press PAGE Key until you reach the Version Page.

System Key

System Key; Short-Press to access the System Menu

Menu Key

Menu Key; Long-Press to access the System Menu

If you have an older version, please first update your Radio OS to at least the mentioned versions. Please consult your Radio Operating System Updating Procedure if you don't know how.

ExpressLRS highly recommends EdgeTX for the best experience and compatibility. EdgeTX has introduced options that old and new Radio handsets will benefit from, like One Bit Sample Mode (mainly for old FrSky Radios like the X9D and the QX7) and Mega Bauds (baud rates higher than 400K).

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Start by turning off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Release the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Check this page for the EdgeTX installation instructions if you're coming in from OpenTX.

Radio Settings

Serial Baud Rate

The Baud Rate is the speed to which (in this instance) the Transmitter module and the Radio Handset communicate. It is measured in bits per second. Common baud rates include 115200bps (sometimes shown as 115K) and 400000bps (sometimes shown as 400K).

A faster or higher baud rate means that the module and radio can talk much faster, further lowering the end-to-end latency of the system. However, not all radio handsets or transmitter modules are capable of higher baud rates as this is highly dependent on the hardware.

Depending on the firmware that is running on your radio handset, you can change the baud rate setting to better suit your setup.

To get to the baud rate setting on your radio:

  1. Press the SYS Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you get to the Hardware page.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Baudrate setting.
  4. Press the Enter Key.
  5. Use the Scroll wheel to change and select the Baudrate you want to use.
  6. Press Enter Key once to apply the changes.
  7. Reboot the Radio (turn it Off, then turn it On again).

Baudrate
Baudrate setting on EdgeTX for Internal ExpressLRS Modules

  1. Press the MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you get to the Model Setup page. On Colored Screen Radios, this should not be needed.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the External RF settings.
  4. Select the Baudrate setting.
  5. Press the Enter Key.
  6. Use the Scroll wheel to change and select the Baudrate you want to use.
  7. Press Enter Key once to apply the changes.
  8. Reboot the Radio (turn it Off, then turn it On again).

ExternalRF Color
Baudrate setting on EdgeTX for External ExpressLRS Modules

  1. Press the SYS Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you get to the Hardware page.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Baudrate setting.
    • If you don't see this setting, that means your radio doesn't support changing the baud rate in this firmware and is locked at 400000.
  4. Press the Enter Key.
  5. Use the Scroll wheel to change and select the Baudrate you want to use.
  6. Press Enter Key once to apply the changes.
  7. Reboot the Radio (turn it Off, then turn it On again).

Baud Rate
Baudrate setting on Older Radios

So what should I set it to?

400K (400000bps) Baudrate is the safest setting to use. This setting should work on most Radios and TX Modules on 333Hz or lower Packet Rates.

However, there are some exceptions:

  • The FrSky Taranis QX7 ACCST, Horus X12S and Horus X10S cannot reliably run 400K baud rate without the Crossfire Mod.

  • The FrSky Taranis X9D has proven to be finicky even with the default 400K baud rate and will benefit from the One Bit Sample Mode setting and a Hardware Mod. See Troubleshooting the X9D for more details.

On other Radios, you can set the Baudrate higher than 400K but will highly depend on what TX Module you will use with it.

TX Module Max Baud Rate Notes
RadioMaster Internal ELRS Modules 5.25M
HM ES24TX, HM ES900TX, BetaFPV Nano/Micro and
other ExpressLRS External Modules		 5.25M ESP32-based Modules
Jumper TLite V2 & Jumper T-Pro Internal ELRS Modules 1.87M
iFlight Commando 8 3.75M
Vantac Lite Nano TX, Jumper Aion Nano TX 1.87M
R9M 2018 115200 Resistor Mod for 400K
R9M ACCESS, HM ES915TX 1.87M STM32-based Modules
GHOST, Gen1 NamimnoRC no OLED 1.87M STM32-based Modules

Warning

Just because you can set the Baudrate higher, doesn't mean you should. If you're experiencing constant Telemetry Lost/Recovered even with the receiver nearby and/or if the Lua Script fails to load properly, then it's a sign your radio and/or module cannot work on the selected Baud Rate. Lower it down a notch or settle with a 400K baud rate.

ADC Filter

The ADC filter is enabled by default in OpenTX and is known to cause issues with RC Command data. This can result in "jagged" RC command responses in black box logs, caused by sequential RC packets that have the same command value (which were "smoothed" by the ADC filter). We recommend turning the ADC filter OFF in OpenTX/EdgeTX.

To check and change this setting, follow these steps:

  1. Press SYS Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the ADC Filter setting.
  4. Press Enter Key to toggle it On or Off.
EdgeTX 2.7.0 Per-model Settings (click/tap to expand)

With EdgeTX 2.7 or newer, you can set this per model (Global, On, Off) as this is helpful on Fixed Wing models equipped with PWM receivers connected to slower servos.

  1. Press MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Model Setup Page. On Colored Screen Radios, this should not be needed.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the ADC Filter setting.
  4. Press Enter Key once.
  5. Use the Scroll wheel to select between Global(uses the setting from the Hardware page in the System Menu), On or Off.
  6. Press Enter Key once more to set it.

Model Setup

RF Protocol

Note

If you're using an External ExpressLRS Module, make sure the Internal RF Module is OFF.

If your Radio has an Internal ExpressLRS Module, and you want to use it instead of an external module, then set the External RF Module to OFF, and then set the Internal RF Module to CRSF Protocol.

ExpressLRS uses the CRSF serial protocol to communicate between the transmitter and the TX module. Follow the following procedure to set it up on the currently selected Model:

  1. Press the MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Model Setup Page. On Colored Screen Radios, this should not be needed.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Internal RF settings. Set this to Off.
  4. Scroll down until you reach the External RF settings.
  5. Set the Mode to CRSF.
    • You can also change the baud rate setting at this point.
  6. (Optional) Set the Receiver ID to a Unique Number.
  7. Press the RTN Key or Exit the Model Menu

ExternalRF BW

ExternalRF Color

  1. Press the MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Model Setup Page. On Colored Screen Radios, this should not be needed.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Internal RF settings.
  4. Set the Mode to CRSF.
  5. (Optional) Set the Receiver ID to a Unique Number.
  6. Scroll down until you reach the External RF settings. Set this to Off.
  7. Press the RTN Key or Exit the Model Menu
No CRSF Mode Option? (click/tap to expand)

If for some reason, you cannot find the CRSF Protocol under the Internal RF Modes, set the Internal Module Type to CRSF via your Radio's System Menu -> Hardware page.

  1. Press the SYS Key.
    • Radios without a dedicated SYS Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you get to the Hardware page.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Internal RF settings.
  4. Set the Type to CRSF.
    • You can also set the Baudrate at this point.
  5. Press the RTN Key or Exit the Hardware Menu, and go back into setting your Internal RF module.

InternalRF BW

InternalRF Color

Note

The iFlight Commando 8 is NOT using an internal RF module for its ExpressLRS units, unlike the RadioMaster Zorro, RadioMaster TX16S MK2, RadioMaster TX12 MK2, Jumper T-lite V2, Jumper T-pro or the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro.

Set the Internal RF module to Off, and set the External RF module to CRSF protocol, as any External RF module requires.

Switches and Aux Channels

By default, a fresh model does not have any Aux Channels configured (Aux channels start from Ch5, with the first 4 Channels assigned to your joysticks). If moving any of the switches in your radio doesn't affect your Modes in Betaflight or INAV, this is one of the main reasons. So let's get this sorted out!

  1. Press the MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Mixes Page.
  3. Scroll down and select the Channel you want to configure.
  4. Long press Enter and select Edit and press Enter once more.
  5. (Optional) You can name this channel however you want to remind you of its purpose.
  6. Select Source. Press the Enter Key.
  7. Activate or flick the Switch you'd want to use for this channel.
    • An example would be for CH5, which will be your Arming switch, you'd want to choose a 2-position switch.
  8. Press the Enter Key once more to set the switch.
  9. Press RTN Key once to exit the Channel Mix editor.
  10. Repeat steps 3-9 until you have configured all the switches you think you will need.

mixes BW

mixesAux BW

mixes Color

mixesAux Color

Radio Preparation

Setup-Banner

External ExpressLRS Modules

Insert or attach your External ExpressLRS Transmitter Module into your Radio module bay, making sure no pins are bent or missing. External ExpressLRS Modules require three (3) pins to work: VCC/VBAT, GND and S.Port/Data/Signal.

ExternalRF Pinout Micro

Micro External Bay Pinout

ExternalRF Pinout Nano

Nano External Bay Pinout

Internal ExpressLRS Modules

Make sure you do have an Internal ExpressLRS Module on your shiny new radio. The following handsets come in both ELRS (ExpressLRS) or 4-in-1 variants; with some coming in with a third (CC2500). Only the ELRS variant works with ExpressLRS. The others will not work as they have a different Hardware incompatible with ExpressLRS.

  • RadioMaster TX16S MKII (ELRS, 4-in-1 CC2500) - ExpressLRS variant will have an ELRS sticker on the box.
  • RadioMaster TX12 MKII (ELRS, 4-in-1, CC2500) - ExpressLRS variant will have an ELRS sticker on the box and an ELRS sticker in the JR module bay.
  • RadioMaster Zorro (ELRS, 4-in-1, CC2500) - ExpressLRS variant will have an ELRS sticker on the box.
  • RadioMaster Boxer (ELRS, 4-in-1, CC2500) - ExpressLRS variant will have an ELRS sticker on the box and an ELRS sticker in the JR module bay.
  • Jumper T-Lite V2 (ELRS, 4-in-1, CC2500)
  • Jumper T-Pro V1/V2 (ELRS, 4-in-1)
  • BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro (ELRS, CC2500) - A sticker with the barcode at the bottom of the box should tell you it's an ELRS variant or the CC2500 variant.

Internal ELRS Marking

Example Sticker On RadioMaster Handset/Radios

Radio Operating System

ExpressLRS requires CRSFShot or Mixer Sync to ensure full support for high packet rates. You should have OpenTX 2.3.12 or newer, or EdgeTX 2.4.0 or newer; These versions have full CRSFShot/Mixer Sync support.

To determine your Radio Operating System Version, load the Version page from the System Menu of your Radio:

  1. Press the SYS Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.
  2. Press PAGE Key until you reach the Version Page.

System Key

System Key; Short-Press to access the System Menu

Menu Key

Menu Key; Long-Press to access the System Menu

If you have an older version, please first update your Radio OS to at least the mentioned versions. Please consult your Radio Operating System Updating Procedure if you don't know how.

ExpressLRS highly recommends EdgeTX for the best experience and compatibility. EdgeTX has introduced options that old and new Radio handsets will benefit from, like One Bit Sample Mode (mainly for old FrSky Radios like the X9D and the QX7) and Mega Bauds (baud rates higher than 400K).

Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Start by turning off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Release the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Check this page for the EdgeTX installation instructions if you're coming in from OpenTX.

Radio Settings

Serial Baud Rate

The Baud Rate is the speed to which (in this instance) the Transmitter module and the Radio Handset communicate. It is measured in bits per second. Common baud rates include 115200bps (sometimes shown as 115K) and 400000bps (sometimes shown as 400K).

A faster or higher baud rate means that the module and radio can talk much faster, further lowering the end-to-end latency of the system. However, not all radio handsets or transmitter modules are capable of higher baud rates as this is highly dependent on the hardware.

Depending on the firmware that is running on your radio handset, you can change the baud rate setting to better suit your setup.

To get to the baud rate setting on your radio:

  1. Press the SYS Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you get to the Hardware page.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Baudrate setting.
  4. Press the Enter Key.
  5. Use the Scroll wheel to change and select the Baudrate you want to use.
  6. Press Enter Key once to apply the changes.
  7. Reboot the Radio (turn it Off, then turn it On again).

Baudrate
Baudrate setting on EdgeTX for Internal ExpressLRS Modules

  1. Press the MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you get to the Model Setup page. On Colored Screen Radios, this should not be needed.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the External RF settings.
  4. Select the Baudrate setting.
  5. Press the Enter Key.
  6. Use the Scroll wheel to change and select the Baudrate you want to use.
  7. Press Enter Key once to apply the changes.
  8. Reboot the Radio (turn it Off, then turn it On again).

ExternalRF Color
Baudrate setting on EdgeTX for External ExpressLRS Modules

  1. Press the SYS Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you get to the Hardware page.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Baudrate setting.
    • If you don't see this setting, that means your radio doesn't support changing the baud rate in this firmware and is locked at 400000.
  4. Press the Enter Key.
  5. Use the Scroll wheel to change and select the Baudrate you want to use.
  6. Press Enter Key once to apply the changes.
  7. Reboot the Radio (turn it Off, then turn it On again).

Baud Rate
Baudrate setting on Older Radios

So what should I set it to?

400K (400000bps) Baudrate is the safest setting to use. This setting should work on most Radios and TX Modules on 333Hz or lower Packet Rates.

However, there are some exceptions:

  • The FrSky Taranis QX7 ACCST, Horus X12S and Horus X10S cannot reliably run 400K baud rate without the Crossfire Mod.

  • The FrSky Taranis X9D has proven to be finicky even with the default 400K baud rate and will benefit from the One Bit Sample Mode setting and a Hardware Mod. See Troubleshooting the X9D for more details.

On other Radios, you can set the Baudrate higher than 400K but will highly depend on what TX Module you will use with it.

TX Module Max Baud Rate Notes
RadioMaster Internal ELRS Modules 5.25M
HM ES24TX, HM ES900TX, BetaFPV Nano/Micro and
other ExpressLRS External Modules		 5.25M ESP32-based Modules
Jumper TLite V2 & Jumper T-Pro Internal ELRS Modules 1.87M
iFlight Commando 8 3.75M
Vantac Lite Nano TX, Jumper Aion Nano TX 1.87M
R9M 2018 115200 Resistor Mod for 400K
R9M ACCESS, HM ES915TX 1.87M STM32-based Modules
GHOST, Gen1 NamimnoRC no OLED 1.87M STM32-based Modules

Warning

Just because you can set the Baudrate higher, doesn't mean you should. If you're experiencing constant Telemetry Lost/Recovered even with the receiver nearby and/or if the Lua Script fails to load properly, then it's a sign your radio and/or module cannot work on the selected Baud Rate. Lower it down a notch or settle with a 400K baud rate.

ADC Filter

The ADC filter is enabled by default in OpenTX and is known to cause issues with RC Command data. This can result in "jagged" RC command responses in black box logs, caused by sequential RC packets that have the same command value (which were "smoothed" by the ADC filter). We recommend turning the ADC filter OFF in OpenTX/EdgeTX.

To check and change this setting, follow these steps:

  1. Press SYS Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the ADC Filter setting.
  4. Press Enter Key to toggle it On or Off.
EdgeTX 2.7.0 Per-model Settings (click/tap to expand)

With EdgeTX 2.7 or newer, you can set this per model (Global, On, Off) as this is helpful on Fixed Wing models equipped with PWM receivers connected to slower servos.

  1. Press MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Model Setup Page. On Colored Screen Radios, this should not be needed.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the ADC Filter setting.
  4. Press Enter Key once.
  5. Use the Scroll wheel to select between Global(uses the setting from the Hardware page in the System Menu), On or Off.
  6. Press Enter Key once more to set it.

Model Setup

RF Protocol

Note

If you're using an External ExpressLRS Module, make sure the Internal RF Module is OFF.

If your Radio has an Internal ExpressLRS Module, and you want to use it instead of an external module, then set the External RF Module to OFF, and then set the Internal RF Module to CRSF Protocol.

ExpressLRS uses the CRSF serial protocol to communicate between the transmitter and the TX module. Follow the following procedure to set it up on the currently selected Model:

  1. Press the MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Model Setup Page. On Colored Screen Radios, this should not be needed.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Internal RF settings. Set this to Off.
  4. Scroll down until you reach the External RF settings.
  5. Set the Mode to CRSF.
    • You can also change the baud rate setting at this point.
  6. (Optional) Set the Receiver ID to a Unique Number.
  7. Press the RTN Key or Exit the Model Menu

ExternalRF BW

ExternalRF Color

  1. Press the MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Model Setup Page. On Colored Screen Radios, this should not be needed.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Internal RF settings.
  4. Set the Mode to CRSF.
  5. (Optional) Set the Receiver ID to a Unique Number.
  6. Scroll down until you reach the External RF settings. Set this to Off.
  7. Press the RTN Key or Exit the Model Menu
No CRSF Mode Option? (click/tap to expand)

If for some reason, you cannot find the CRSF Protocol under the Internal RF Modes, set the Internal Module Type to CRSF via your Radio's System Menu -> Hardware page.

  1. Press the SYS Key.
    • Radios without a dedicated SYS Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you get to the Hardware page.
  3. Scroll down until you reach the Internal RF settings.
  4. Set the Type to CRSF.
    • You can also set the Baudrate at this point.
  5. Press the RTN Key or Exit the Hardware Menu, and go back into setting your Internal RF module.

InternalRF BW

InternalRF Color

Note

The iFlight Commando 8 is NOT using an internal RF module for its ExpressLRS units, unlike the RadioMaster Zorro, RadioMaster TX16S MK2, RadioMaster TX12 MK2, Jumper T-lite V2, Jumper T-pro or the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro.

Set the Internal RF module to Off, and set the External RF module to CRSF protocol, as any External RF module requires.

Switches and Aux Channels

By default, a fresh model does not have any Aux Channels configured (Aux channels start from Ch5, with the first 4 Channels assigned to your joysticks). If moving any of the switches in your radio doesn't affect your Modes in Betaflight or INAV, this is one of the main reasons. So let's get this sorted out!

  1. Press the MDL Key.
    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to short-press the Menu Key to access the Model Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the Model Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Mixes Page.
  3. Scroll down and select the Channel you want to configure.
  4. Long press Enter and select Edit and press Enter once more.
  5. (Optional) You can name this channel however you want to remind you of its purpose.
  6. Select Source. Press the Enter Key.
  7. Activate or flick the Switch you'd want to use for this channel.
    • An example would be for CH5, which will be your Arming switch, you'd want to choose a 2-position switch.
  8. Press the Enter Key once more to set the switch.
  9. Press RTN Key once to exit the Channel Mix editor.
  10. Repeat steps 3-9 until you have configured all the switches you think you will need.

mixes BW

mixesAux BW

mixes Color

mixesAux Color

Typical Updating Steps

Setup-Banner

ESP-based TX Module Updating Methods

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.
    • Some TX Modules would require disassembly before you can reach the USB port.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Commonly used USB-to-UART chip for ExpressLRS Modules include: CP210x, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  3. Some TX Modules have switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "Flashing the TX Module via UART".

    • The ES24TX line of modules from Happymodel have jumper blocks or dipswitches inside the module.
    • The BetaFPV Micro modules have dipswitches at the back.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return any dipswitches or jumper blocks to their "Normal Operation" position.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

  • TX16S MK2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.0 (f79978b) or EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0).
  • Zorro: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.0 (f79978b) or EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0). It often comes with an earlier EdgeTX 2.7.0 version (2bdd4974) which results in unsuccessful flashing.
  • TX12 MK2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.
  • Boxer: The factory EdgeTX firmware should be based off an early EdgeTX 2.8.0 and wouldn't need an update.
  • BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.
  • Jumper T-Pro: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0) for full EdgeTX support.
  • Jumper T-Lite V2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.
Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also, make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules. There are stickers marked with "ELRS" attached to your radio packaging or boxes, as well as on the JR module bays indicating the type of internal rf module the radio has.

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Press the SYS Key on the Radio.
    • Radios without a dedicated SYS Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP. Press Enter and use the Scroll Wheel to set it to CLI mode if it is set to a different setting. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to first unplug-replug the USB Cable or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Typical Updating Steps

Setup-Banner

ESP-based TX Module Updating Methods

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.
    • Some TX Modules would require disassembly before you can reach the USB port.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected correctly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • Commonly used USB-to-UART chip for ExpressLRS Modules include: CP210x, CH340 and the CH9102 (driver download pages linked).


  3. Some TX Modules have switches to change how the USB port interacts with the different components in the module. Make sure to set it in the position for "Flashing the TX Module via UART".

    • The ES24TX line of modules from Happymodel have jumper blocks or dipswitches inside the module.
    • The BetaFPV Micro modules have dipswitches at the back.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  6. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your module from USB. Return any dipswitches or jumper blocks to their "Normal Operation" position.
  11. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  12. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

via EdgeTX Passthrough

Info

ETX Passthrough is the result of the collaborative effort between RadioMaster, EdgeTX and ExpressLRS.

It is only available on Radios with Internal ExpressLRS Modules.

Before you start, ensure you have the latest EdgeTX firmware version on your Radio. Consult the EdgeTX documentation regarding the updating process.

  • TX16S MK2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.0 (f79978b) or EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0).
  • Zorro: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.0 (f79978b) or EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0). It often comes with an earlier EdgeTX 2.7.0 version (2bdd4974) which results in unsuccessful flashing.
  • TX12 MK2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.
  • Boxer: The factory EdgeTX firmware should be based off an early EdgeTX 2.8.0 and wouldn't need an update.
  • BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.
  • Jumper T-Pro: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.7.1 (a55aff0) for full EdgeTX support.
  • Jumper T-Lite V2: Update it to at least EdgeTX 2.8.0 (f6d140e) for full EdgeTX support.
Simplest EdgeTX Updating Procedure (click/tap to expand)
  1. Visit http://buddy.edgetx.org/.
  2. Select the EdgeTX version and the Radio Model you want to update from the Left-hand side column.
  3. Click the Download .bin button at the bottom of the page.
  4. Save the firmware file into your Radio's SD Card, inside the Firmware Folder.
  5. Reboot the Radio into DFU/Bootloader mode.
    • Turn off your radio.
    • Press and hold the two horizontal Trim switches then press the Power button. The Screen should Light up. Let go of the buttons.
    • Some Radios have a different procedure, like the BetaFPV Lite Radio 3 Pro. Consult the Manual for the steps to get it into this DFU/Bootloader mode.
  6. Select Write Firmware.
  7. Navigate to the EdgeTX firmware file you just downloaded.
  8. Follow the screen prompts.
  9. Once Writing is complete, reboot the radio.
  10. Check the Radio's Version Page to verify you have the version you need.

Also, make sure you have an internal ELRS module on your Radio. The following steps only apply to handsets with ExpressLRS-specific internal modules. There are stickers marked with "ELRS" attached to your radio packaging or boxes, as well as on the JR module bays indicating the type of internal rf module the radio has.

The current Model on the radio should be using the Internal ExpressLRS Module. Test this by loading the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu.

Lua Running

There's one more setting you want to make sure is set properly before proceeding.

  1. Press the SYS Key on the Radio.
    • Radios without a dedicated SYS Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to get to the System Menu.
  2. Press the PAGE Key until you reach the Hardware Page.
  3. Scroll down until you see the Serial Ports settings.
  4. Select or highlight USB-VCP. Press Enter and use the Scroll Wheel to set it to CLI mode if it is set to a different setting. Press Enter once more to confirm the changes.
  5. Exit the Hardware menu by long-pressing RTN Key.

Now follow the next steps to get your Internal ExpressLRS Module Updated:

  1. Connect your powered-up Radio to your Computer via a USB Data Cable.

    usb picture

  2. On your Radio, scroll down and select USB Serial(VCP) then press the Enter Key. Set your Radio aside in the meantime.

    Debug option

  3. On your Computer, check whether your Radio is being recognized correctly as a STMicroelectronics Virtual COM Port device.

    Important

    This is a vital step and a common failure point. Pay attention.

    Windows Users can use Device Manager to check whether the Radio is being recognized correctly.

    Device Manager

    Yellow Caution Triangles in the Device Manager, or any mention of <Radio Name> Serial Port means drivers aren't installed.

    Download the Driver package first. Unzip/extract the contents of the package and run/execute (double-click) the installer file (VCP_V1.5.0_Setup_W7_x64_64bits.exe for Windows 10 Users).

    Once Drivers are installed, check again if the Radio is now being recognized correctly. You may have to first unplug-replug the USB Cable or even reboot your computer.

    You only have to do this once usually.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

  6. Set the Flashing Method to EdgeTXPassthrough

    via EdgeTX Passthrough

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Unplug your Radio from USB.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Vantac Lite

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac Lite 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from the links below:


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac Lite 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

Vantac Lite

Setup-Banner

Advisory

If you are flashing/updating your TX module via WiFi for the first time from the factory firmware, or from an older firmware, to ExpressLRS 3.x firmware, you will first need to flash it to version 2.5.2, then flash it with the Repartitioner binary file (right click, save as/save file as). Should it complain about Target Mismatch, just click Flash Anyway. Only then you can flash to 3.x firmware via WiFi.

Joshua Bardwell has a video about it here.

Updating to 3.x via UART or ETX Passthrough doesn't require 2.5.2 firmware or the Repartitioner.

Flashing/Updating your TX Module Firmware

via WiFi

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you haven't previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password or if it's unable to connect to said WiFi Network because the router is Off or unreachable.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up.

    Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. Using a WiFi-capable device such as your smartphone or laptop, scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. Connect to this Access Point.

    WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it is able to connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.
    Where's the Access Point? (click/tap to expand)

    If you cannot find the Access Point, make sure the device you're using is capable of connecting to 2.4GHz WiFi Networks. Also try putting the devices closer together.

    If you still cannot find the Access Point, chances are that you have set it with your WiFi SSID and Password before, and it has connected to your WiFi Network.


  14. Once connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point, open up a Browser window, type in the IP Address 10.0.0.1 on the Address Bar, and press Enter. The ExpressLRS Web UI will load.

  15. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  16. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  17. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  18. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  19. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  20. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac Lite 2.4GHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Once the Build process is done, a Temp folder window containing your firmware binaries should pop up. Temp TX

    • Do not close this Temp folder because this is where you will take your firmware from in the later steps. If you are planning on using your phone or tablet to upload the firmware file later, copy the firmware file into your device.

    NOTICE

    With the release of ExpressLRS 3.3.0 and ExpressLRS Configurator 1.6.0, only one file will show up. Use the firmware.bin file for the next steps.


  7. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  8. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  9. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  10. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  11. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  12. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  13. With your module now in WiFi Mode and it was able to connect to your Local WiFi Network, open a Browser window on any WiFi-capable device that is also connected to the same Local WiFi Network. Type in the Address http://elrs_tx.local on your browser's Address Bar. The ExpressLRS Web UI should load.

    • If your browser cannot resolve this address and it cannot load the ExpressLRS Web UI, this means that MDNS is not working on your device or network.
    MDNS is not working! (click/tap to expand)
    1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
    2. Execute the command arp -a, which will list all the devices in the Network.
    3. Use each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
    1. Log in into your Router dashboard.
    2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
    3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
    4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  14. Activate the Update Tab.

    TX update tab

    • If your TX Module is still on an earlier firmware version, then there's no Update Tab, and instead, you will need to scroll down to find the Firmware Update section.

    Old File Upload

  15. Drag and drop the Firmware file from the Temp folder into the File Upload field.

    • You can also use the Browse or Choose File button and browse for the file yourself, especially if you've copied/moved it somewhere else on an earlier step.
  16. Click the Update button to start the Updating procedure.

  17. Wait for the firmware file to get uploaded and flashed into your device. It only takes a minute or two, and you will see the Success Popup Message.

    Success WiFi

  18. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  19. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

Heads up!

This option is only possible if you have previously flashed or configured your TX Module with your Home WiFi SSID and Password and the module is able to connect to said WiFi Network.

MDNS must also be working so your browser can resolve the address http://elrs_tx.local and load the ExpressLRS Web UI from said address.

  1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio to display the Tools Menu, where you can find the Lua Scripts.

    • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key must long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
    • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

  2. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

    Lua Script

    • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

  3. Press Enter to Load it.

    Lua Running

    • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, return to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

  4. Scroll down and select WiFi Connectivity and press Enter.

  5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

    Lua WiFi

  6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

    • Do not worry if the Script stops and shows a Syntax Error. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware, or both. It could also be because your TX module is on an earlier firmware version, and you're using a more recent Lua Script.

  7. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  8. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac Lite 2.4GHz TX

  9. Set the Flashing Method to WiFi.

    via WiFi

  10. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  11. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  12. Wait for the upload to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

    WiFi Update Log

  13. On your Radio, the WiFi Running screen should disappear and should be back to the WiFi Connectivity Menu of the ExpressLRS Lua Script.

  14. Long-press the RTN Key to exit the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Then reload it to check for the ExpressLRS Firmware version and verify your TX module has been updated.

via UART

  1. Connect your TX Module to your Computer via a USB Data Cable. Best if you remove it from your Radio.

  2. Determine whether your TX Module is being detected properly as a USB-to-UART Device.

    CP210x

    • Windows Users can check via Device Manager, Ports device grouping.
    • Drivers will be needed if the TX Module is not being detected correctly. This is indicated by a Yellow Caution Triangle in Device Manager.
    • You can download the drivers from the links below:


  3. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  4. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • Vantac 2.4 GHz

    • Device:

      • Vantac Lite 2.4GHz TX

  5. Set the Flashing Method to UART

    via UART

  6. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).
    • Local WiFi Network Credentials (Optional. Will be used the next time the device goes into WiFi mode).

  7. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  8. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  9. Unplug your module from USB.
  10. Reconnect your TX module into your Radio's External Module bay.
  11. Using the ExpressLRS Lua Script from the Tools Menu, check if the firmware version got updated.

NamimnoRC Voyager

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating the TX Module Firmware

via BL

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  7. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  8. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  9. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  10. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the [Radio Preparation] guide.

  11. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via STLink

Attention

Only use this method if the firmware has been corrupted.

  1. Disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

    NamimnoRC Voyager Backside

    NamimnoRC Voyager cable

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the image below.

    NamimnoRC Pinout

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected correctly.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager 900MHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the module.

  11. Reattach your TX Module into your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

NamimnoRC Voyager

Setup-Banner

Flashing/Updating the TX Module Firmware

via BL

  1. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  2. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager 900MHz TX

  3. Set the Flashing Method to Stock_BL

    via BL

  4. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  5. Click the Build button.

    Build

  6. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  7. A Temp folder will open up with the firmware.elrs file. Copy-paste the firmware.elrs file into your Radio's SD Card (preferably to the /FIRMWARE folder for easy access).

  8. On your radio, open the System Menu.

    • On newer radios, you can press the SYS key to open the System Menu
    • On older radios, or radios that only have a menu key, long-press the Menu key to open the System Menu

  9. Using the Page key/s, navigate to the SD-HC Card page, scroll-down and open the FIRMWARE folder where you can find the firmware.elrs file.

  10. Highlight the file and press-hold the Enter button and select "Flash External ELRS". Wait for the firmware to be written.

    No Sync (click/tap to expand)
    • Make sure you have updated the OpenTX/EdgeTX firmware of your radio to a newer version
    • Make sure the current model selected on the radio is set up for ExpressLRS Use. See the [Radio Preparation] guide.

  11. With the ExpressLRS Lua Script in the Tools page, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

via STLink

Attention

Only use this method if the firmware has been corrupted.

  1. Disassemble your TX Module to get access to the mainboard.

    NamimnoRC Voyager Backside

    NamimnoRC Voyager cable

  2. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to the pads shown in the image below.

    NamimnoRC Pinout

  3. Connect your STLink V2 dongle to your Computer's USB Port. Make sure it is being detected correctly.

  4. Launch the ExpressLRS Configurator on your Computer. Configurator Release

    • Make sure Official Releases is active from the horizontal tab.
    • Ensure you select the Released version you want to flash into your TX module.


  5. Select the Device Category and Device target matching your hardware.

    • Device Category:

      • NamimnoRC 900 MHz

    • Device:

      • NamimnoRC Voyager 900MHz TX

  6. Set the Flashing Method to STLink

    via STLink

  7. Set the firmware options for your device.

    • Regulatory Domain (Mandatory. Choose the domain appropriate for the location or country you're flying).
    • Binding Phrase (Optional, but Highly Recommended. Note this phrase as it should be the same on your other devices, or they will not bind or sync).

  8. Click the Flash button.

    Flash

  9. Wait for the process to finish. A Green Success bar will show up in the ExpressLRS Configurator.

  10. Disconnect the STLink V2 dongle from the TX Module PCB and reassemble the module.

  11. Reattach your TX Module into your Radio and, using the ExpressLRS Lua Script, verify if the firmware version has been updated.

Troubleshooting

Setup-Banner

General Troubleshooting

My RX and TX are bound, but FC is not responding to inputs, and I can only see 10 Telemetry sensors

My RX and TX are bound, but FC is not responding to inputs, and I can only see 10 Telemetry sensors

Check whether you have wired the receiver correctly and that RX and TX wires aren't swapped.

Also, check that you have the correct SerialRX configuration. You might want to revisit the FC Preparation page for the Flight Controller setup.

Also, make sure that the UART where you connected the receiver doesn't have inversion and it's in full duplex mode. You can also try a different UART.

My RX and TX are bound, and I'm getting more than 10 Telemetry sensors on my Radio, but I'm not getting stick inputs

My RX and TX are bound, and I'm getting more than 10 Telemetry sensors on my Radio, but I'm not getting stick inputs

This is due to a model mismatch between the receiver and the TX module. The LED on the receiver will have 3 short blinks and then a 1s pause indicating the mismatch.

To "fix" this, you might want to turn On Model Matching. Please see Model Matching for more notes.

Another thing to check is whether you have enabled RCVR_INVERT_TX option for your receiver firmware. This option is intended for FCs that don't have any other UARTs available (e.g. AIOs) other than an SBUS pad. See this section for more details: Output Inverting.

For the R9mm/mini receivers, make sure you didn't enable USE_R9MM_R9MINI_SBUS in your firmware option. See Output Inverting for what this option do.

My RX and TX are bound, and I'm getting stick inputs, but I can only get 10 Telemetry sensors

My RX and TX are bound, and I'm getting stick inputs, but I can only get 10 Telemetry sensors

Check if you have Telemetry Feature enabled in your FC Configuration.

Also, verify the RX pad from the receiver is connected properly to a TX pad in the FC in the same UART as the TX wire from the receiver.

Also, make sure you have deleted and rediscovered the sensors. It's good to increase the TLM Ratio so the acquisition of the sensors will be faster.

This could also mean you'll have to update your FC Firmware to a more recent version that supports at least the CRSFv2 protocol.

I think my Receiver and Transmitter are bound, as the LED on the Receiver is solid. But I do not have stick inputs or RSSI on the radio.

I think my Receiver and Transmitter are bound, as the LED on the Receiver is solid. But I do not have stick inputs or RSSI on the radio.

You are not bound. Your Receiver is probably in bootloader mode.

  • Make sure you have unbridged the boot pads if you flashed it via passthrough.

  • Turn off your Radio and if the LED is still solid, but boot pads aren't bridged, the UART where the receiver is on is putting it into bootloader mode unintentionally. This is primarily caused by pull-down resistor on the RX pad to aid with SBUS line inversion. To verify it is the case with the UART, disconnect the RX and TX wires from the FC UART, and it should start blinking slowly then after the set interval (20s - 30s by default), it will blink fast indicating it's on WiFi Mode. To "fix" the issue, you have two options:

    • Move the receiver into another free UART.
    • If there's no other UART, wire up a resistor with a value between 300 Ohm to 1k Ohm between a 3.3v pad and the FC's RX pad (where the TX from the receiver connects to).

  • If, however, despite unsoldering the TX and RX wires, the LED is still solid, you probably have a soft-bricked receiver due to a failed WiFi flash as a result of not letting the receiver reboot normally. Follow the unbricking procedure to recover the receiver.

My OSD is showing LQ 0:0 and RSSI dBm at -130 dBm, but I have stick inputs and more than 10 Telemetry sensors

My OSD is showing LQ 0:0 and RSSI dBm at -130 dBm, but I have stick inputs and more than 10 Telemetry sensors

Check whether you have RSSI Channel set to either Aux11 or Aux12. If you do, set it to disabled.

If it's still not fixed with that, check if you have RSSI ADC enabled. If so, set it to disabled.

My OSD is showing LQ 3:1 sometimes LQ 3:9

My OSD is showing LQ 3:1 sometimes LQ 3:9

Move your LQ OSD element around as it could be being obstructed by another element or it's too far to the right of the preview.

I am getting Telemetry Lost/Recovered and is getting annoying

I am getting Telemetry Lost/Recovered and is getting annoying

There's a handful of reasons why this is occurring, and if you have newer handset/radio, it shouldn't happen at all unless you're flying very far away using a receiver without an amplifier for its Telemetry signal (e.g. the EP receivers).

  • You're on an X9D(+) or a QX7 with subpar inverter chips. Check this page on how to remedy it.
  • You're on an early version of the Happymodel Slim Pro. Check this FB post for the fix from manufacturer.
  • You're using a 2018 ACCST R9M, while also using a Radio with 400k or higher Baud rate. You will either have to lower the Baud rate on your radio to 115200 (QX7) or do the Resistor mod on the module as described here.
  • Your module is getting loose inside its enclosure, most common on the first batches of the Happymodel ES24TX (white 3D-Printed enclosure; although the black one is only marginally better having 4 screw points instead of 2). You either have to print your enclosure (search Thingiverse for "expresslrs") or find a way to tighten or snug the enclosure with the module board.
  • Check the S.Port pin and connection in your module and module bay, and make sure they have a solid physical connection. On the DIY modules, particularly the full size module, the round hole/via for the Molex connector's flat pin might not be getting a good connection due to cold solder joint, or insufficient solder.

I need to plug my FC a second/third time before I get a bind. The LED on the receiver is dim when I power it up

I need to plug my FC a second/third time before I get a bind. The LED on the receiver is dim when I power it up

Update to the latest firmware as soon as you can. A batch of HM receivers have reached the market with Voltage regulators (marked SDG) that were insufficient and weren't able to handle the higher current draw during boot up. To learn more about this issue and the fix, please check out this PR.

My Blackbox Log has stepping on the RC trace

My Blackbox Log has stepping on the RC trace

Make sure you have disabled ADC Filter in your Radio Hardware settings.

Troubleshooting the Lua Script

ExpressLRS Lua Script is stuck at Loading...

ExpressLRS Lua Script is stuck at Loading...

Go back to the Radio Setup Guide and make sure your radio is prepped up for ExpressLRS.

Also, make sure your module has been flashed with v3.0 firmware. V3 Lua for V3.0-flashed modules, V2 Lua for v2.x-flashed modules (including some modules fresh from the factory).

For newly-acquired ExpressLRS modules, flashing via USB is the recommended update method.

Betaflight Lua is stuck at Initializing

Betaflight Lua is stuck at Initializing

Increase the TLM Ratio via the ExpressLRS Lua script to values like 1:4 or even 1:2 and retry the Betaflight Lua script.

Also, you have to make sure you're getting more than ten (10) Telemetry sensors prior to launching the script.

See MSP Section for more info.

I cannot change the Switch Mode!

I cannot change the Switch Mode!

Changing switch modes requires that the TX module and Receiver aren't connected to each other (no C in the top right corner of the Lua Script). Power off the receiver first, change the Switch Mode from the Lua script, then power up the receiver. The Switch Mode should then apply.

I cannot change my Packet Rate to F1000!

I cannot change my Packet Rate to F1000!

F1000 requires higher than 400K baud rates. First update your baud rate setting either in the Model Setup menu or in the System Menu -> Hardware, reboot your radio to ensure that the baud rate setting got applied and then change the Packet Rate.

Do note that not every handset is capable of higher than 400K baud rates. See the Radio Setup Guide for the details.

I cannot change to Full Resolution Rates!

I cannot change to Full Resolution Rates!

As Full Resolution Rates call for an entirely different Switch Modes, you need to first disconnect the Receiver and the TX module from each other, like how you would change Switch Modes. Power down the receiver, change the Packet Rate to the Full Resolution modes, select your Switch Mode scheme and then power up the receiver or the aircraft.

VTX Admin is not working but I can change VTX channels via OSD Menu.

VTX Admin is not working but I can change VTX channels via OSD Menu.

As VTX Admin depends on MSP which then depends on Telemetry, ensure that you have Telemetry enabled on your FC Configuration and that you are getting more than 10 Telemetry Sensors on your Radio (Model Setup -> Telemetry page; Delete and Discover New sensors to refresh the sensor list.) Also, make sure Telem Ratio is not Off.

There is no C on the top right corner, and I'm not getting Telemetry in my radio!

There is no C on the top right corner, and I'm not getting Telemetry in my radio!

Make sure Telem Ratio is not set to Off. Set it to Std, or to any other value other than Off.

On v1.x, I can choose 2W on the Lua, but I cannot do that anymore. What gives?

On v1.x, I can choose 2W on the Lua, but I cannot do that anymore. What gives?

This means your module cannot go that high or that low. The power levels you can select on the new Lua script are based on the power levels your module supports. This also applies to other options like Enable Backpack WiFi or BLE Joystick. If your module doesn't support any of these features, it won't show up on the Lua Script.

Flashing/Updating

Attention

Individual hardware Flashing and Updating guide can be found by using the menu on the left sidebar. You can also use the Search Bar on the top of the page to get to your device's Flashing Guide faster.

Invalid serial RX configuration detected

Invalid serial RX configuration detected

This is often caused by incorrect Serial RX protocol (should be CRSF), or serialrx_inverted = on (should be off) or serialrx_halfduplex=on (should be off). The Passthrough Init section of the log will show you which setting should be corrected. See the FC Preparation Guide for the correct settings.

RX Serial not found !!

RX Serial not found !!

Make sure your Serial RX on the Ports Tab of your FC Firmware configurator is set to the correct UART. See the FC Preparation Guide for the correct settings.

No CLI Available

No CLI Available

This message can be seen on the ExpressLRS Configurator Log while using the Passthrough method and can be caused by a busy Com Port. Make sure any other Configurator Apps were closed and unplug-replug your FC to USB. You might also want to use a different USB port or cable.

This could also mean that the FC cannot be detected by the script. This could also due to the FC being in DFU mode, which for passthrough flashing, is not needed.

Some apps are running in the background that could cause this. One of which is Cura Slicer. If there are such apps, close them first before attempting another Build and Flash.

Unplug-replug the FC's USB before another attempt.

10 Retries but no Success

10 Retries but no Success

This can be due to several things:

  • Incorrect bootloader is flashed or it's not flashed properly. This mainly happens on the R9 receivers. Go checkout Bootloader Flashing Guide.
  • Incorrect wiring. Make sure that RX in the Receiver is connected to a TX pad in the FC and the TX in the Receiver is connected to an RX pad in the FC. Also, make sure the receiver is getting enough voltage (min 4v5) from the FC or voltage supply. Wiring guide is here
  • Receiver is OFF. Check whether the LED on the receiver is lit, indicating it's powered and in a working state.
  • The UART has hardware inversion. Make sure that the UART you've connected the receiver to is not an SBUS UART that usually has hardware inversion (most common among F4 Flight Controllers). There are Flight controllers that require you to bridge a pair of pads to enable or disable the Hardware inversion of an RX pad. You can simply try a different UART.
  • The LED on the receiver is SOLID, while the radio is off, which could only mean that the RX pad in the FC is being pulled LOW, putting the ESP-based receiver (EPs, ES900RX, etc.) into Bootloader mode unintentionally, which will hinder normal passthrough operations. Feel free to try a different UART.

Failed to connect to ESP8266: Timed out waiting for packet header.

Failed to connect to ESP8266: Timed out waiting for packet header.

This can be due to several things:

  • Receiver is wired incorrectly. Please check if the RX and TX wires aren't swapped and connected RX to RX and TX to TX on the FC. Revisit the Receiver Wiring Guide here.
  • The receiver's "boot" pads aren't bridged (or the button wasn't pressed and held during power up) for passthrough flashing. This is required for Passthrough flashing if the receiver is fresh from the packet and has a firmware version before 1.0.0-RC6.
  • The receiver UART is putting it in Bootloader mode and is interfering with passthrough flashing. Move it into another UART.

You can also attempt the update via UART using an FTDI Adapter (or a USB to UART Bridge).

Please see the Flashing guide for your particular receiver using the Sidebar on the Left.

I updated via WiFi but now the receiver won't work and has SOLID LED

I updated via WiFi but now the receiver won't work and has SOLID LED

This is a sign that the WiFi flashing didn't go through properly due to a premature power cycle. To fix this, you will have to bridge the boot pads (see here) and reflash using the Passthrough method (Telemetry option on Betaflight/iNav set to OFF. This is important!) or using an FTDI adapter.

This video shows the steps albeit using a VSCode development environment but the ExpressLRS Configurator will work just fine.

To ensure that the WiFi flashing is finished properly, wait until the LED on the receiver blinks slowly (indicating it's looking for a TX bind) before pulling off power.

If you have other questions or concerns, or maybe you need further help that is not covered by this Guide, head over to our Discord Channel or Facebook Group!

ExpressLRS Discord ExpressLRS Facebook

Troubleshooting

Setup-Banner

General Troubleshooting

My RX and TX are bound, but FC is not responding to inputs, and I can only see 10 Telemetry sensors

My RX and TX are bound, but FC is not responding to inputs, and I can only see 10 Telemetry sensors

Check whether you have wired the receiver correctly and that RX and TX wires aren't swapped.

Also, check that you have the correct SerialRX configuration. You might want to revisit the FC Preparation page for the Flight Controller setup.

Also, make sure that the UART where you connected the receiver doesn't have inversion and it's in full duplex mode. You can also try a different UART.

My RX and TX are bound, and I'm getting more than 10 Telemetry sensors on my Radio, but I'm not getting stick inputs

My RX and TX are bound, and I'm getting more than 10 Telemetry sensors on my Radio, but I'm not getting stick inputs

This is due to a model mismatch between the receiver and the TX module. The LED on the receiver will have 3 short blinks and then a 1s pause indicating the mismatch.

To "fix" this, you might want to turn On Model Matching. Please see Model Matching for more notes.

Another thing to check is whether you have enabled RCVR_INVERT_TX option for your receiver firmware. This option is intended for FCs that don't have any other UARTs available (e.g. AIOs) other than an SBUS pad. See this section for more details: Output Inverting.

For the R9mm/mini receivers, make sure you didn't enable USE_R9MM_R9MINI_SBUS in your firmware option. See Output Inverting for what this option do.

My RX and TX are bound, and I'm getting stick inputs, but I can only get 10 Telemetry sensors

My RX and TX are bound, and I'm getting stick inputs, but I can only get 10 Telemetry sensors

Check if you have Telemetry Feature enabled in your FC Configuration.

Also, verify the RX pad from the receiver is connected properly to a TX pad in the FC in the same UART as the TX wire from the receiver.

Also, make sure you have deleted and rediscovered the sensors. It's good to increase the TLM Ratio so the acquisition of the sensors will be faster.

This could also mean you'll have to update your FC Firmware to a more recent version that supports at least the CRSFv2 protocol.

I think my Receiver and Transmitter are bound, as the LED on the Receiver is solid. But I do not have stick inputs or RSSI on the radio.

I think my Receiver and Transmitter are bound, as the LED on the Receiver is solid. But I do not have stick inputs or RSSI on the radio.

You are not bound. Your Receiver is probably in bootloader mode.

  • Make sure you have unbridged the boot pads if you flashed it via passthrough.

  • Turn off your Radio and if the LED is still solid, but boot pads aren't bridged, the UART where the receiver is on is putting it into bootloader mode unintentionally. This is primarily caused by pull-down resistor on the RX pad to aid with SBUS line inversion. To verify it is the case with the UART, disconnect the RX and TX wires from the FC UART, and it should start blinking slowly then after the set interval (20s - 30s by default), it will blink fast indicating it's on WiFi Mode. To "fix" the issue, you have two options:

    • Move the receiver into another free UART.
    • If there's no other UART, wire up a resistor with a value between 300 Ohm to 1k Ohm between a 3.3v pad and the FC's RX pad (where the TX from the receiver connects to).

  • If, however, despite unsoldering the TX and RX wires, the LED is still solid, you probably have a soft-bricked receiver due to a failed WiFi flash as a result of not letting the receiver reboot normally. Follow the unbricking procedure to recover the receiver.

My OSD is showing LQ 0:0 and RSSI dBm at -130 dBm, but I have stick inputs and more than 10 Telemetry sensors

My OSD is showing LQ 0:0 and RSSI dBm at -130 dBm, but I have stick inputs and more than 10 Telemetry sensors

Check whether you have RSSI Channel set to either Aux11 or Aux12. If you do, set it to disabled.

If it's still not fixed with that, check if you have RSSI ADC enabled. If so, set it to disabled.

My OSD is showing LQ 3:1 sometimes LQ 3:9

My OSD is showing LQ 3:1 sometimes LQ 3:9

Move your LQ OSD element around as it could be being obstructed by another element or it's too far to the right of the preview.

I am getting Telemetry Lost/Recovered and is getting annoying

I am getting Telemetry Lost/Recovered and is getting annoying

There's a handful of reasons why this is occurring, and if you have newer handset/radio, it shouldn't happen at all unless you're flying very far away using a receiver without an amplifier for its Telemetry signal (e.g. the EP receivers).

  • You're on an X9D(+) or a QX7 with subpar inverter chips. Check this page on how to remedy it.
  • You're on an early version of the Happymodel Slim Pro. Check this FB post for the fix from manufacturer.
  • You're using a 2018 ACCST R9M, while also using a Radio with 400k or higher Baud rate. You will either have to lower the Baud rate on your radio to 115200 (QX7) or do the Resistor mod on the module as described here.
  • Your module is getting loose inside its enclosure, most common on the first batches of the Happymodel ES24TX (white 3D-Printed enclosure; although the black one is only marginally better having 4 screw points instead of 2). You either have to print your enclosure (search Thingiverse for "expresslrs") or find a way to tighten or snug the enclosure with the module board.
  • Check the S.Port pin and connection in your module and module bay, and make sure they have a solid physical connection. On the DIY modules, particularly the full size module, the round hole/via for the Molex connector's flat pin might not be getting a good connection due to cold solder joint, or insufficient solder.

I need to plug my FC a second/third time before I get a bind. The LED on the receiver is dim when I power it up

I need to plug my FC a second/third time before I get a bind. The LED on the receiver is dim when I power it up

Update to the latest firmware as soon as you can. A batch of HM receivers have reached the market with Voltage regulators (marked SDG) that were insufficient and weren't able to handle the higher current draw during boot up. To learn more about this issue and the fix, please check out this PR.

My Blackbox Log has stepping on the RC trace

My Blackbox Log has stepping on the RC trace

Make sure you have disabled ADC Filter in your Radio Hardware settings.

Troubleshooting the Lua Script

ExpressLRS Lua Script is stuck at Loading...

ExpressLRS Lua Script is stuck at Loading...

Go back to the Radio Setup Guide and make sure your radio is prepped up for ExpressLRS.

Also, make sure your module has been flashed with v3.0 firmware. V3 Lua for V3.0-flashed modules, V2 Lua for v2.x-flashed modules (including some modules fresh from the factory).

For newly-acquired ExpressLRS modules, flashing via USB is the recommended update method.

Betaflight Lua is stuck at Initializing

Betaflight Lua is stuck at Initializing

Increase the TLM Ratio via the ExpressLRS Lua script to values like 1:4 or even 1:2 and retry the Betaflight Lua script.

Also, you have to make sure you're getting more than ten (10) Telemetry sensors prior to launching the script.

See MSP Section for more info.

I cannot change the Switch Mode!

I cannot change the Switch Mode!

Changing switch modes requires that the TX module and Receiver aren't connected to each other (no C in the top right corner of the Lua Script). Power off the receiver first, change the Switch Mode from the Lua script, then power up the receiver. The Switch Mode should then apply.

I cannot change my Packet Rate to F1000!

I cannot change my Packet Rate to F1000!

F1000 requires higher than 400K baud rates. First update your baud rate setting either in the Model Setup menu or in the System Menu -> Hardware, reboot your radio to ensure that the baud rate setting got applied and then change the Packet Rate.

Do note that not every handset is capable of higher than 400K baud rates. See the Radio Setup Guide for the details.

I cannot change to Full Resolution Rates!

I cannot change to Full Resolution Rates!

As Full Resolution Rates call for an entirely different Switch Modes, you need to first disconnect the Receiver and the TX module from each other, like how you would change Switch Modes. Power down the receiver, change the Packet Rate to the Full Resolution modes, select your Switch Mode scheme and then power up the receiver or the aircraft.

VTX Admin is not working but I can change VTX channels via OSD Menu.

VTX Admin is not working but I can change VTX channels via OSD Menu.

As VTX Admin depends on MSP which then depends on Telemetry, ensure that you have Telemetry enabled on your FC Configuration and that you are getting more than 10 Telemetry Sensors on your Radio (Model Setup -> Telemetry page; Delete and Discover New sensors to refresh the sensor list.) Also, make sure Telem Ratio is not Off.

There is no C on the top right corner, and I'm not getting Telemetry in my radio!

There is no C on the top right corner, and I'm not getting Telemetry in my radio!

Make sure Telem Ratio is not set to Off. Set it to Std, or to any other value other than Off.

On v1.x, I can choose 2W on the Lua, but I cannot do that anymore. What gives?

On v1.x, I can choose 2W on the Lua, but I cannot do that anymore. What gives?

This means your module cannot go that high or that low. The power levels you can select on the new Lua script are based on the power levels your module supports. This also applies to other options like Enable Backpack WiFi or BLE Joystick. If your module doesn't support any of these features, it won't show up on the Lua Script.

Flashing/Updating

Attention

Individual hardware Flashing and Updating guide can be found by using the menu on the left sidebar. You can also use the Search Bar on the top of the page to get to your device's Flashing Guide faster.

Invalid serial RX configuration detected

Invalid serial RX configuration detected

This is often caused by incorrect Serial RX protocol (should be CRSF), or serialrx_inverted = on (should be off) or serialrx_halfduplex=on (should be off). The Passthrough Init section of the log will show you which setting should be corrected. See the FC Preparation Guide for the correct settings.

RX Serial not found !!

RX Serial not found !!

Make sure your Serial RX on the Ports Tab of your FC Firmware configurator is set to the correct UART. See the FC Preparation Guide for the correct settings.

No CLI Available

No CLI Available

This message can be seen on the ExpressLRS Configurator Log while using the Passthrough method and can be caused by a busy Com Port. Make sure any other Configurator Apps were closed and unplug-replug your FC to USB. You might also want to use a different USB port or cable.

This could also mean that the FC cannot be detected by the script. This could also due to the FC being in DFU mode, which for passthrough flashing, is not needed.

Some apps are running in the background that could cause this. One of which is Cura Slicer. If there are such apps, close them first before attempting another Build and Flash.

Unplug-replug the FC's USB before another attempt.

10 Retries but no Success

10 Retries but no Success

This can be due to several things:

  • Incorrect bootloader is flashed or it's not flashed properly. This mainly happens on the R9 receivers. Go checkout Bootloader Flashing Guide.
  • Incorrect wiring. Make sure that RX in the Receiver is connected to a TX pad in the FC and the TX in the Receiver is connected to an RX pad in the FC. Also, make sure the receiver is getting enough voltage (min 4v5) from the FC or voltage supply. Wiring guide is here
  • Receiver is OFF. Check whether the LED on the receiver is lit, indicating it's powered and in a working state.
  • The UART has hardware inversion. Make sure that the UART you've connected the receiver to is not an SBUS UART that usually has hardware inversion (most common among F4 Flight Controllers). There are Flight controllers that require you to bridge a pair of pads to enable or disable the Hardware inversion of an RX pad. You can simply try a different UART.
  • The LED on the receiver is SOLID, while the radio is off, which could only mean that the RX pad in the FC is being pulled LOW, putting the ESP-based receiver (EPs, ES900RX, etc.) into Bootloader mode unintentionally, which will hinder normal passthrough operations. Feel free to try a different UART.

Failed to connect to ESP8266: Timed out waiting for packet header.

Failed to connect to ESP8266: Timed out waiting for packet header.

This can be due to several things:

  • Receiver is wired incorrectly. Please check if the RX and TX wires aren't swapped and connected RX to RX and TX to TX on the FC. Revisit the Receiver Wiring Guide here.
  • The receiver's "boot" pads aren't bridged (or the button wasn't pressed and held during power up) for passthrough flashing. This is required for Passthrough flashing if the receiver is fresh from the packet and has a firmware version before 1.0.0-RC6.
  • The receiver UART is putting it in Bootloader mode and is interfering with passthrough flashing. Move it into another UART.

You can also attempt the update via UART using an FTDI Adapter (or a USB to UART Bridge).

Please see the Flashing guide for your particular receiver using the Sidebar on the Left.

I updated via WiFi but now the receiver won't work and has SOLID LED

I updated via WiFi but now the receiver won't work and has SOLID LED

This is a sign that the WiFi flashing didn't go through properly due to a premature power cycle. To fix this, you will have to bridge the boot pads (see here) and reflash using the Passthrough method (Telemetry option on Betaflight/iNav set to OFF. This is important!) or using an FTDI adapter.

This video shows the steps albeit using a VSCode development environment but the ExpressLRS Configurator will work just fine.

To ensure that the WiFi flashing is finished properly, wait until the LED on the receiver blinks slowly (indicating it's looking for a TX bind) before pulling off power.

If you have other questions or concerns, or maybe you need further help that is not covered by this Guide, head over to our Discord Channel or Facebook Group!

ExpressLRS Discord ExpressLRS Facebook

Unbricking

Setup-Banner

HELP I BRICKED MY RX!

Take a breath, calm down, relax.

ALL the ESP-based Receivers have a factory-installed bootloader onboard which CANNOT be damaged or tampered with. You can completely screw up the upgrade and always get it back using this default bootloader.

So technically, your receiver is not bricked unless you have damaged the hardware itself.

But for argument's sake, let's use the word "bricked" or "soft-bricked" for a receiver that is not in working order and is not behaving as expected.

Follow the steps below very closely to recover your "bricked" Receiver.

  1. Make sure your Receiver only powers up with a LiPo Connected.

    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected, move the 5v wire of the receiver into a 5v pad that only powers up with LiPo connected.
      • Take a multi-meter in DC Voltmeter mode.
      • Plug in USB into your Flight Controller. Disconnect LiPo.
      • Probe/check each of the 5v pads in the Flight Controller.
      • The 5v pads that read 0v on the multi-meter are pads that will only power up when a LiPo is connected.
      • Solder your Receiver 5v into this pad.
    • If in the above steps, you're not able to find a 5v pad suitable for this procedure, follow the following:
      • Disconnect the 5v wire of the Receiver from the 5v pad on the Flight Controller.
      • Solder a different length of wire into any of the 5v pads on the Flight Controller.
      • Expose a suitable length of conductor of this wire that you can connect with the Receiver's 5v wire LATER.

  2. If you've connected a LiPo from the previous step, disconnect it. Also, unplug the Flight Controller from your computer.

  3. Prepare the receiver for bootloader mode.

    • If your Receiver have boot pads, bridge them together with solder.
    • If your Receiver has a button, use an alligator clip to keep the button pressed.
    • If your Receiver only has one Boot pad, connect it to a Ground pad.

    betafpv Lite
    Example Receiver with Boot Pad

    betafpv SuperD
    Example Receiver with Boot Button

    Notice

    Even if your Receiver LED is only lighting up solid, DO NOT skip this step to ensure the receiver is indeed in its Bootloader State.

  4. Connect to Betaflight or INAV Configurator and make sure you've properly configured your FC for ExpressLRS use. Set Telemetry to disabled for now.

  5. Save & Reboot. Close Betaflight Configurator. Also, close any other App that's potentially using COM Ports.

    Cura Slicer

    We found Cura Slicer and possibly others like it would keep a COM port open or busy preventing successful flashing/recovery via Passthrough.

  6. Unplug-replug the USB cable. This will ensure the Flight Controller has a fresh connection to the computer and that the COM port is not busy or in use.

  7. On the ExpressLRS Configurator, select the Firmware Version you're trying to recover. Select your Device Category and Device Target as well, along with your usual Firmware Options.

  8. Set the Flashing Method to Betaflight Passthrough.

    via Passthrough

  9. Click the Flash button. Wait for the Line PASSTHROUGH DONE to appear in the Build Log.

    Passthrough Done

    Not Seeing PASSTHROUGH DONE? (click/tap to expand)

    You've probably skipped some of the steps above or you've misconfigured your flight controller. Go back and make sure to follow EVERY step.

  10. Plug in LiPo or twist the 5v Wires together to power up the receiver (see Step 1). The receiver LED should be Solid.

    BOOTLOADER

  11. Wait for the process to finish, hopefully with the Success Message. Otherwise, repeat the procedure above or try a different approach (like reflashing via FTDI/UART Adapter).

  12. You can now power down the flight controller, and disconnect LiPo and/or USB.

  13. Remove the boot pads bridging or connection to Ground, or, if your Receiver has a button, remove the alligator clip used to press the button.

  14. Repower up the receiver to verify it is back in its normal working state.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Wall of Text? Here's a vid!

What about the TX?

Most ESP-based ExpressLRS TX Modules either have the via UART Flashing Procedure or the via ETX Passthrough Flashing method available to them. Use any of these other methods to recover your ESP-based TX Module.

For STM-based ExpressLRS TX Modules, there's via STLink Flashing method.

ExpressLRS TX Modules are much harder to screw up during updates, more so if you're following the official Flashing Guides on this website.

Unbricking

Setup-Banner

HELP I BRICKED MY RX!

Take a breath, calm down, relax.

ALL the ESP-based Receivers have a factory-installed bootloader onboard which CANNOT be damaged or tampered with. You can completely screw up the upgrade and always get it back using this default bootloader.

So technically, your receiver is not bricked unless you have damaged the hardware itself.

But for argument's sake, let's use the word "bricked" or "soft-bricked" for a receiver that is not in working order and is not behaving as expected.

Follow the steps below very closely to recover your "bricked" Receiver.

  1. Make sure your Receiver only powers up with a LiPo Connected.

    • If your receiver powers up with just USB connected, move the 5v wire of the receiver into a 5v pad that only powers up with LiPo connected.
      • Take a multi-meter in DC Voltmeter mode.
      • Plug in USB into your Flight Controller. Disconnect LiPo.
      • Probe/check each of the 5v pads in the Flight Controller.
      • The 5v pads that read 0v on the multi-meter are pads that will only power up when a LiPo is connected.
      • Solder your Receiver 5v into this pad.
    • If in the above steps, you're not able to find a 5v pad suitable for this procedure, follow the following:
      • Disconnect the 5v wire of the Receiver from the 5v pad on the Flight Controller.
      • Solder a different length of wire into any of the 5v pads on the Flight Controller.
      • Expose a suitable length of conductor of this wire that you can connect with the Receiver's 5v wire LATER.

  2. If you've connected a LiPo from the previous step, disconnect it. Also, unplug the Flight Controller from your computer.

  3. Prepare the receiver for bootloader mode.

    • If your Receiver have boot pads, bridge them together with solder.
    • If your Receiver has a button, use an alligator clip to keep the button pressed.
    • If your Receiver only has one Boot pad, connect it to a Ground pad.

    betafpv Lite
    Example Receiver with Boot Pad

    betafpv SuperD
    Example Receiver with Boot Button

    Notice

    Even if your Receiver LED is only lighting up solid, DO NOT skip this step to ensure the receiver is indeed in its Bootloader State.

  4. Connect to Betaflight or INAV Configurator and make sure you've properly configured your FC for ExpressLRS use. Set Telemetry to disabled for now.

  5. Save & Reboot. Close Betaflight Configurator. Also, close any other App that's potentially using COM Ports.

    Cura Slicer

    We found Cura Slicer and possibly others like it would keep a COM port open or busy preventing successful flashing/recovery via Passthrough.

  6. Unplug-replug the USB cable. This will ensure the Flight Controller has a fresh connection to the computer and that the COM port is not busy or in use.

  7. On the ExpressLRS Configurator, select the Firmware Version you're trying to recover. Select your Device Category and Device Target as well, along with your usual Firmware Options.

  8. Set the Flashing Method to Betaflight Passthrough.

    via Passthrough

  9. Click the Flash button. Wait for the Line PASSTHROUGH DONE to appear in the Build Log.

    Passthrough Done

    Not Seeing PASSTHROUGH DONE? (click/tap to expand)

    You've probably skipped some of the steps above or you've misconfigured your flight controller. Go back and make sure to follow EVERY step.

  10. Plug in LiPo or twist the 5v Wires together to power up the receiver (see Step 1). The receiver LED should be Solid.

    BOOTLOADER

  11. Wait for the process to finish, hopefully with the Success Message. Otherwise, repeat the procedure above or try a different approach (like reflashing via FTDI/UART Adapter).

  12. You can now power down the flight controller, and disconnect LiPo and/or USB.

  13. Remove the boot pads bridging or connection to Ground, or, if your Receiver has a button, remove the alligator clip used to press the button.

  14. Repower up the receiver to verify it is back in its normal working state.

    LEDSEQ_DISCONNECTED

Wall of Text? Here's a vid!

What about the TX?

Most ESP-based ExpressLRS TX Modules either have the via UART Flashing Procedure or the via ETX Passthrough Flashing method available to them. Use any of these other methods to recover your ESP-based TX Module.

For STM-based ExpressLRS TX Modules, there's via STLink Flashing method.

ExpressLRS TX Modules are much harder to screw up during updates, more so if you're following the official Flashing Guides on this website.

The Web UI

Setup-Banner

The ExpressLRS Web UI

The ExpressLRS Web UI is an essential part of the ExpressLRS ecosystem. In earlier versions of the project, its main use is for updating the ExpressLRS firmware and logging or debugging (on select hardware).

ExpressLRS 3.0 has further expanded the capabilities of the ExpressLRS Web UI. It is now capable of changing Firmware Parameters, including the Binding Phrase, Regulatory Domain (for the 900MHz devices), UART Inversion and more.

The Banner

Web UI Banner

The ExpressLRS Web UI Banner

The Options Tab

This tab allows users to change firmware options without reflashing their devices. It also allows the import and export of the Configuration from one device to another, useful for setting up backup equipment.

Options common to both Receivers and TX Modules:

  • Binding Phrase: Type in your Binding Phrase here if you want to update it from either the factory setting or from an earlier flashed setting.

    It's Blank!

    This field doesn't store the plain text Binding Phrase. If you see it blank like shown, do not worry. The next field, UID, has the information.

  • UID: As you type in your Binding Phrase in the field above, this read-only field will update with the UID translation. This is what actually gets saved in your device.

  • Regulatory Domain: This only applies to the 900MHz system. This field allows users to change the Regulatory Domain for their device.

    What about 2.4GHz?

    The EU_CE Regulatory Domain setting is a Compile-time option and the LBT code needs to be baked in for it to work properly.

  • WiFi "Auto On" Interval (in seconds): This field allows you to change how soon WiFi automatically activates when the device is powered up and it's not getting a valid CRSF signal (for TX Modules) or sync packets (for Receivers).

Web UI Banner
ExpressLRS Receiver Options Tab

  • UART Baud: The baud rate to which the receiver will send and receive signals to or from a Flight Controller or other serially connected device. Under normal circumstances, this setting should be left at the default 420000 baud.

    • Exception: If you are running KISS/Kiss Ultra firmware set the receiver's UART baud rate to 400000, as KISS uses this baud rate for CRSF.

  • Invert TX Pin: This setting should also be left disabled or unchecked under normal circumstances. It inverts the CRSF signal coming out of the TX pin of the receiver.

    • Receivers that will be connected to an SBUS pad on Flight Controllers without extra uninverted RX pads should enable this setting. Additionally the command set serialrx_inverted = on will be needed in the Flight Controller configuration.

  • Lock on First Connection: This setting speeds up the reconnection of a Receiver and TX Module if you don't ever change your RF Mode/Packet Rate.

Web UI Banner
ExpressLRS TX Module Options Tab

  • TLM Report Interval: This setting controls how often Telemetry packets are sent back to the radio. 240LU is the default setting and is already fast for EdgeTX or OpenTX.

  • UART Inverted: Keep this enabled or checked if you're using your TX module on an OpenTX or EdgeTX Radio. The S.Port pins in External Module bays are inverted bidirectional pins.

  • Fan Runtime (in seconds): This setting controls how long the fan on the TX Module will keep spinning even after the current Transmit Power of the module is already Lower than the Fan Threshold Lua Script setting.

The WiFi Tab

Web UI Banner

ExpressLRS WebUI WiFi Tab

The Model Tab

Web UI Banner

ExpressLRS Receiver Model Tab

Web UI Banner

ExpressLRS PWM Receiver Output Settings

The Buttons Tab

This section is currently only available for the RadioMaster Ranger module.

Web UI Banner

ExpressLRS TX Module Buttons Tab

The Update Tab

Web UI Banner
ExpressLRS Receiver Update Tab

Web UI Banner
ExpressLRS TX Module Update Tab

How to get to the Web UI

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi Mode.

    1. Make sure your Radio with your TX Module is Off.

    2. Power-cycle your receiver (turn it Off then turn it back On). The Receiver LED should be blinking slowly as shown below.

      RX Waiting

      Receiver LED not Blinking! (click/tap to expand)

      If it has a Solid LED light, it may be in bootloader mode if you've only just wired it up. Rewire your receiver into a different uart. If you have attempted to update it before, then it could be soft-bricked. Follow the Unbricking procedure to get it back into normal working condition.

    3. Wait for about 60 seconds or until the Receiver LED blinks rapidly indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      RX WiFi

    1. Make sure the Receiver and TX Module are in sync and bound. RSSI indicators on your Radio Home screen should be visible and the Receiver LED should be Solid as shown.

      RX Bound

    2. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.

      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

    3. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

      Lua Script

      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    4. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.
      • there should be a C in the top right corner of the Lua Script indicating TX Module and Receiver are Connected.

    5. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    6. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi RX

    7. The WiFi Running screen will briefly show up. Your Receiver is now in WiFi mode as indicated by the rapidly blinking LED.

      RX WiFi

      Note

      It is normal for the receiver will disconnect from the TX Module once it is in WiFi Mode. You will hear your radio announce "Telemetry Lost" if you have the sound pack on your Radio SD Card.

  2. Scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.


  3. Load the Web UI on your browser using these addresses:

    • http://10.0.0.1/ - If you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point

      Note

      This IP address is also often used by some routers. Computers with an ethernet connection to their routers will find that this page doesn't load the ExpressLRS Web UI and instead loads their router or ISP modem configuration dashboards.

      We recommend disconnecting from the network first or trying a different device instead, e.g. smartphone or tablet.

      Note

      On some devices a network login prompt might pop up. Clicking this will often show an incomplete version of the webui that won't behave as expected. Please navigate to http://10.0.0.1/ manually in your browser instead.

    • http://elrs_rx.local - If you have previously set your Home WiFi SSID and Password into your Receiver when you flashed it.

      Note

      If your browser cannot resolve this address, chances are MDNS is not set up and working on your computer or network.

      Use the IP Address instead! (click/tap to expand)
      1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
      2. Execute the command arp -a which will list all the devices in the Network.
      3. Try each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
      1. Log in to your Router dashboard.
      2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
      3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
      4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  1. Put your module into wifi mode.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

      Lua Script

      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

      • If the Script stopped and is showing a Syntax Error, do not worry. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware or both. It could also be due to the fact your TX module is on an earlier firmware version and you're using a more recent Lua Script.
    1. With your TX module disconnected from your Radio module bay, power it up either via an external power source (2S) or by plugging in a USB cable into its USB Port.
    2. Let it be for 60s and the RGB LED will turn into a Green Breathing LED pattern indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.
      • TX Modules with an OLED Screen will also show a message regarding WiFi mode.

  2. Scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.


  3. Load the Web UI on your browser using these addresses:

    • http://10.0.0.1/ - If you have connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point

      Note

      This IP address is also often used by some routers. Computers with an ethernet connection to their routers will find that this page doesn't load the ExpressLRS Web UI and instead loads their router or ISP modem configuration dashboards.

      We recommend disconnecting from the network first or trying a different device instead, e.g. smartphone or tablet.

      Note

      On some devices a network login prompt might pop up. Clicking this will often show an incomplete version of the webui that won't behave as expected. Please navigate to http://10.0.0.1/ manually in your browser instead.

    • http://elrs_tx.local - If you have previously set your Home WiFi SSID and Password into your TX Module when you flashed it.

      Note

      If your browser cannot resolve this address, chances are MDNS is not set up and working on your computer or network.

      Use the IP Address instead! (click/tap to expand)
      1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
      2. Execute the command arp -a which will list all the devices in the Network.
      3. Try each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
      1. Log in to your Router dashboard.
      2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
      3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
      4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

The Web UI

Setup-Banner

The ExpressLRS Web UI

The ExpressLRS Web UI is an essential part of the ExpressLRS ecosystem. In earlier versions of the project, its main use is for updating the ExpressLRS firmware and logging or debugging (on select hardware).

ExpressLRS 3.0 has further expanded the capabilities of the ExpressLRS Web UI. It is now capable of changing Firmware Parameters, including the Binding Phrase, Regulatory Domain (for the 900MHz devices), UART Inversion and more.

The Banner

Web UI Banner

The ExpressLRS Web UI Banner

The Options Tab

This tab allows users to change firmware options without reflashing their devices. It also allows the import and export of the Configuration from one device to another, useful for setting up backup equipment.

Options common to both Receivers and TX Modules:

  • Binding Phrase: Type in your Binding Phrase here if you want to update it from either the factory setting or from an earlier flashed setting.

    It's Blank!

    This field doesn't store the plain text Binding Phrase. If you see it blank like shown, do not worry. The next field, UID, has the information.

  • UID: As you type in your Binding Phrase in the field above, this read-only field will update with the UID translation. This is what actually gets saved in your device.

  • Regulatory Domain: This only applies to the 900MHz system. This field allows users to change the Regulatory Domain for their device.

    What about 2.4GHz?

    The EU_CE Regulatory Domain setting is a Compile-time option and the LBT code needs to be baked in for it to work properly.

  • WiFi "Auto On" Interval (in seconds): This field allows you to change how soon WiFi automatically activates when the device is powered up and it's not getting a valid CRSF signal (for TX Modules) or sync packets (for Receivers).

Web UI Banner
ExpressLRS Receiver Options Tab

  • UART Baud: The baud rate to which the receiver will send and receive signals to or from a Flight Controller or other serially connected device. Under normal circumstances, this setting should be left at the default 420000 baud.

    • Exception: If you are running KISS/Kiss Ultra firmware set the receiver's UART baud rate to 400000, as KISS uses this baud rate for CRSF.

  • Invert TX Pin: This setting should also be left disabled or unchecked under normal circumstances. It inverts the CRSF signal coming out of the TX pin of the receiver.

    • Receivers that will be connected to an SBUS pad on Flight Controllers without extra uninverted RX pads should enable this setting. Additionally the command set serialrx_inverted = on will be needed in the Flight Controller configuration.

  • Lock on First Connection: This setting speeds up the reconnection of a Receiver and TX Module if you don't ever change your RF Mode/Packet Rate.

Web UI Banner
ExpressLRS TX Module Options Tab

  • TLM Report Interval: This setting controls how often Telemetry packets are sent back to the radio. 240LU is the default setting and is already fast for EdgeTX or OpenTX.

  • UART Inverted: Keep this enabled or checked if you're using your TX module on an OpenTX or EdgeTX Radio. The S.Port pins in External Module bays are inverted bidirectional pins.

  • Fan Runtime (in seconds): This setting controls how long the fan on the TX Module will keep spinning even after the current Transmit Power of the module is already Lower than the Fan Threshold Lua Script setting.

The WiFi Tab

Web UI Banner

ExpressLRS WebUI WiFi Tab

The Model Tab

Web UI Banner

ExpressLRS Receiver Model Tab

Web UI Banner

ExpressLRS PWM Receiver Output Settings

The Buttons Tab

This section is currently only available for the RadioMaster Ranger module.

Web UI Banner

ExpressLRS TX Module Buttons Tab

The Update Tab

Web UI Banner
ExpressLRS Receiver Update Tab

Web UI Banner
ExpressLRS TX Module Update Tab

How to get to the Web UI

  1. Put your Receiver into WiFi Mode.

    1. Make sure your Radio with your TX Module is Off.

    2. Power-cycle your receiver (turn it Off then turn it back On). The Receiver LED should be blinking slowly as shown below.

      RX Waiting

      Receiver LED not Blinking! (click/tap to expand)

      If it has a Solid LED light, it may be in bootloader mode if you've only just wired it up. Rewire your receiver into a different uart. If you have attempted to update it before, then it could be soft-bricked. Follow the Unbricking procedure to get it back into normal working condition.

    3. Wait for about 60 seconds or until the Receiver LED blinks rapidly indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.

      RX WiFi

    1. Make sure the Receiver and TX Module are in sync and bound. RSSI indicators on your Radio Home screen should be visible and the Receiver LED should be Solid as shown.

      RX Bound

    2. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.

      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

    3. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

      Lua Script

      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    4. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.
      • there should be a C in the top right corner of the Lua Script indicating TX Module and Receiver are Connected.

    5. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    6. Select Enable RX WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi RX

    7. The WiFi Running screen will briefly show up. Your Receiver is now in WiFi mode as indicated by the rapidly blinking LED.

      RX WiFi

      Note

      It is normal for the receiver will disconnect from the TX Module once it is in WiFi Mode. You will hear your radio announce "Telemetry Lost" if you have the sound pack on your Radio SD Card.

  2. Scan for the ExpressLRS RX Access Point. WiFi Hotspot

    • If your Receiver is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.


  3. Load the Web UI on your browser using these addresses:

    • http://10.0.0.1/ - If you have connected to the ExpressLRS RX Access Point

      Note

      This IP address is also often used by some routers. Computers with an ethernet connection to their routers will find that this page doesn't load the ExpressLRS Web UI and instead loads their router or ISP modem configuration dashboards.

      We recommend disconnecting from the network first or trying a different device instead, e.g. smartphone or tablet.

      Note

      On some devices a network login prompt might pop up. Clicking this will often show an incomplete version of the webui that won't behave as expected. Please navigate to http://10.0.0.1/ manually in your browser instead.

    • http://elrs_rx.local - If you have previously set your Home WiFi SSID and Password into your Receiver when you flashed it.

      Note

      If your browser cannot resolve this address, chances are MDNS is not set up and working on your computer or network.

      Use the IP Address instead! (click/tap to expand)
      1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
      2. Execute the command arp -a which will list all the devices in the Network.
      3. Try each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
      1. Log in to your Router dashboard.
      2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
      3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
      4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

  1. Put your module into wifi mode.

    1. Press the SYS Key on your Radio.
      • Older Radios or those with only one Menu Key will need to long-press the Menu Key to access the System Menu.
      • Consult your Radio User's Manual on how to access the System Menu.

    2. You are now in the Tools Menu where Lua Scripts can be found. Scroll down and select ExpressLRS Lua Script.

      Lua Script

      • If the script is nowhere to be found, download it from this page and save it into your Radio SD Card Scripts/Tools/ folder.

    3. Press Enter to Load it.

      Lua Running

      • If the script is stuck on a "Loading..." screen, go back to the Radio Preparation Page and make sure you have configured your radio properly for ExpressLRS use.

    4. Scroll down and select Wifi Connectivity and press Enter.

    5. Select Enable WiFi and press Enter.

      Lua WiFi

    6. The WiFi Running screen will show up. Your TX module is now in WiFi mode.

      • If the Script stopped and is showing a Syntax Error, do not worry. The module is still in WiFi mode. The Syntax Error could be because you're on an older radio, older EdgeTX/OpenTX firmware or both. It could also be due to the fact your TX module is on an earlier firmware version and you're using a more recent Lua Script.
    1. With your TX module disconnected from your Radio module bay, power it up either via an external power source (2S) or by plugging in a USB cable into its USB Port.
    2. Let it be for 60s and the RGB LED will turn into a Green Breathing LED pattern indicating it is now in WiFi Mode.
      • TX Modules with an OLED Screen will also show a message regarding WiFi mode.

  2. Scan for the ExpressLRS TX Access Point. WiFi Hotspot

    • If your TX Module is previously flashed with your Home WiFi SSID and Password, and it can connect to that WiFi Network, then the Access Point will not show up.
    • expresslrs is the Password for this Access Point.


  3. Load the Web UI on your browser using these addresses:

    • http://10.0.0.1/ - If you have connected to the ExpressLRS TX Access Point

      Note

      This IP address is also often used by some routers. Computers with an ethernet connection to their routers will find that this page doesn't load the ExpressLRS Web UI and instead loads their router or ISP modem configuration dashboards.

      We recommend disconnecting from the network first or trying a different device instead, e.g. smartphone or tablet.

      Note

      On some devices a network login prompt might pop up. Clicking this will often show an incomplete version of the webui that won't behave as expected. Please navigate to http://10.0.0.1/ manually in your browser instead.

    • http://elrs_tx.local - If you have previously set your Home WiFi SSID and Password into your TX Module when you flashed it.

      Note

      If your browser cannot resolve this address, chances are MDNS is not set up and working on your computer or network.

      Use the IP Address instead! (click/tap to expand)
      1. Open up a Command Prompt window on your computer.
      2. Execute the command arp -a which will list all the devices in the Network.
      3. Try each of the IP Addresses marked as Dynamic as a URL in your Browser until you get to the ExpressLRS Web UI.
      1. Log in to your Router dashboard.
      2. Check the DHCP List and look for the "elrs" device.
      3. Take note of the IP Address given by your router.
      4. Use this IP address in your Browser as the URL.

AirPort

Description

AirPort provides a firmware option that allows you to turn a regular ExpressLRS transmitter and receiver pair into a bi-directional transparent serial data link, over the air. The TX module is intended to connect via USB to a laptop, and the RX connects to a free UART on your FC, as per usual. This then allows serial data comms between the peers, in any protocol you wish to use, for example, MAVLINK (Ardupilot), MSP (Betaflight and INAV), or any other telemetry protocol you might wish to use. This may also be useful for wireless ground comms, for example: transmitting CRSF from your handset to an antenna tracker.

Warning

The AirPort option completely replaces the RC link, and repurposes it as a data link. If you intend to retain RC control via ELRS, you will need to run 2x TXs and 2x RXs on the ground and air, respectively. One TX+RX pair sends your normal RC link data, just as it does now, and the other TX+RX pair sends the serial data.

Required Hardware

Airport Hardware

Airport Hardware
  • ExpressLRS TX module: A dedicated external TX module is required for the data link. The TX should ideally have an external USB port to make it easy to attach to a computer (assuming a computer is the desired endpoint for the data link). It is also favorable to use a module with a screen and a 5-way button, which makes packet rate and power selection easier. The TX should use an ESP-based microcontroller (for access to the WebUI).
  • ExpressLRS RX: Any ExpressLRS ESP-based receiver is compatible with AirPort (technically STM-based receivers can work too, but it will be harder to set up and is therefore not covered in this guide). Receivers with higher telemetry power output (i.e. 100mW telemetry power) will provide better results.

Frequency band

If you plan to use two side-by-side ELRS links on the craft (one for RC and one for telemetry), it is HIGHLY recommended to use different frequencies for each link. For example, you will see good results with RC on 2.4GHz and AirPort on 900MHz. The range will be severely reduced if both RC and AirPort are on the same frequency band.

Data rate vs Baud rate

AirPort uses a 64-byte buffer to queue bytes that it receives from the FC or GCS, before sending them over the air. If the buffer overflows, the entire 64 bytes are discarded. For this reason, it is VERY important to select a serial baud rate that limits the flow of serial bytes to match the maximum over-the-air (OTA) data rate.

The OTA data rate is determined by the selected packet rate. A faster packet rate will result in a higher data rate at the expense of range. The table below shows the baud rate you should use when configuring the AirPort feature.

Packet Rate Maximum OTA Data Rate (bytes/s) Baud Rate to Select
25Hz 62 600
50Hz 125 1200
100Hz 250 2400
100Hz Full Res 500 4800
200Hz 500 4800
250Hz 625 4800
333Hz Full Res 1665 14400 or 9600
500Hz 1250 9600
1000Hz 2500 19200

A good baseline is:

  • 100Hz Full Res at 4800 baud for 868/915MHz
  • 333Hz Full Res at 14400 or 9600 baud for 2.4GHz

Configuring AirPort

Warning

Once AirPort is enabled, there will be no way to access the RX settings from the LUA script. Before enabling the AirPort option, it is recommended that you bind the TX and RX normally, and (using the LUA) set the RX telemetry power output to maximum. If you already have AirPort enabled, and need to change the RX power, you will need to disable the AirPort checkbox by doing the reverse of the steps below, change the power using LUA, then re-enable AirPort.

Binding Phrases

Use a binding phrase that is different from whatever you are using for your RC link if you intend to run RC + AirPort side by side in ANY way.

  1. Flash the TX Module with the latest ELRS release version (AirPort is available in v3.3.0 onwards).

  2. Enable WiFi on the TX module. This can be enabled by inserting the TX into a handset, and in the LUA script select WiFi Connectivity -> Enable WiFi. WiFi can also be enabled via the screen + 5-way if your TX has one (while powered via USB).

  3. Using a computer or mobile device, connect to the TX WiFi using your preferred method (hotspot or home WiFi).

  4. Open the WebUI (10.0.0.1 for hotspot, or http://elrs_tx.local for home WiFi) in a browser.

  5. In the ELRS WebUI, check the Use as AirPort Serial device checkbox.

  6. In the AirPort UART baud field, enter your desired baud rate. IMPORTANT: Pay close attention to the "Data rate vs Baud rate" section above when choosing your baud. A good default is 9600 baud for 2.4GHz and `4800`` baud for 868/900MHz.

  7. Click SAVE & REBOOT.

  1. Flash the RX with the latest ELRS release version (AirPort is available in v3.3.0 onwards).

  2. Enable WiFi on the RX. This can be enabled by powering on the RX with no TX powered and waiting for the WiFi timeout.

  3. Using a computer or mobile device, connect to the RX WiFi using your preferred method (hotspot or home WiFi).

  4. Open the WebUI (10.0.0.1 for hotspot, or http://elrs_rx.local for home WiFi) in a browser.

  5. In the ELRS WebUI, check the Use as AirPort Serial device checkbox.

  6. In the AirPort UART baud field, enter your desired baud rate. IMPORTANT: Pay close attention to the "Data rate vs Baud rate" section above when choosing your baud. A good default is 9600 baud for 2.4GHz and `4800`` baud for 868/900MHz.

  7. Click SAVE & REBOOT.

(Optional) Pre-Installation Operation Checks

Once you have enabled the AirPort setting on both TX and RX, they should be ready to send bi-directional serial data. If you have an FTDI (USB to serial adapter) handy, you can confirm that the link is working as expected before installing it in a craft.

  1. Using a suitable USB cable, connect your TX module to a computer.
  2. Open a serial terminal client, such as PuTTY, and connect to the COM port for your TX module using the baud rate you chose in the section above.
  3. Connect your FTDI to your computer, and connect the RX to the FTDI
  4. Open a second instance of PuTTY, and connect to the COM port for your FTDI using the baud rate you chose in the section above.
  5. Type chars into each PuTTY window, and confirm you can see them on the opposite terminal session (i.e. typing into the TX PuTTY should result in the same chars appearing in the RX PuTTY window). If you see comms, everything is working.

Installation

Connect the RX to a spare UART on your flight controller, as per normal:

AirPort Receiver Wiring

Example AirPort Receiver Wiring

Using the appropriate Configurator tool for your FC firmware, configure your selected UART with your desired telemetry protocol. For example, if using AirPort for MAVLINK in Ardupilot, you would set:

  • SERIALN_BAUD to the baud you entered in the section above,
  • SERIALN_OPTIONS to 0,
  • SERIALN_PROTOCOL to 1 or 2 (for MAVLINKv1 or MAVLINKv2).

Connect the TX to a computer via USB, open the program that you intend to view the telemetry in, then connect to the COM port for your TX module at the baud you entered above. For example, if using AirPort for MAVLINK in Ardupilot, you would open Mission Planner / QGC etc. and select the TX COM port, enter the baud, then click Connect.

AirPort

Description

AirPort provides a firmware option that allows you to turn a regular ExpressLRS transmitter and receiver pair into a bi-directional transparent serial data link, over the air. The TX module is intended to connect via USB to a laptop, and the RX connects to a free UART on your FC, as per usual. This then allows serial data comms between the peers, in any protocol you wish to use, for example, MAVLINK (Ardupilot), MSP (Betaflight and INAV), or any other telemetry protocol you might wish to use. This may also be useful for wireless ground comms, for example: transmitting CRSF from your handset to an antenna tracker.

Warning

The AirPort option completely replaces the RC link, and repurposes it as a data link. If you intend to retain RC control via ELRS, you will need to run 2x TXs and 2x RXs on the ground and air, respectively. One TX+RX pair sends your normal RC link data, just as it does now, and the other TX+RX pair sends the serial data.

Required Hardware

Airport Hardware

Airport Hardware
  • ExpressLRS TX module: A dedicated external TX module is required for the data link. The TX should ideally have an external USB port to make it easy to attach to a computer (assuming a computer is the desired endpoint for the data link). It is also favorable to use a module with a screen and a 5-way button, which makes packet rate and power selection easier. The TX should use an ESP-based microcontroller (for access to the WebUI).
  • ExpressLRS RX: Any ExpressLRS ESP-based receiver is compatible with AirPort (technically STM-based receivers can work too, but it will be harder to set up and is therefore not covered in this guide). Receivers with higher telemetry power output (i.e. 100mW telemetry power) will provide better results.

Frequency band

If you plan to use two side-by-side ELRS links on the craft (one for RC and one for telemetry), it is HIGHLY recommended to use different frequencies for each link. For example, you will see good results with RC on 2.4GHz and AirPort on 900MHz. The range will be severely reduced if both RC and AirPort are on the same frequency band.

Data rate vs Baud rate

AirPort uses a 64-byte buffer to queue bytes that it receives from the FC or GCS, before sending them over the air. If the buffer overflows, the entire 64 bytes are discarded. For this reason, it is VERY important to select a serial baud rate that limits the flow of serial bytes to match the maximum over-the-air (OTA) data rate.

The OTA data rate is determined by the selected packet rate. A faster packet rate will result in a higher data rate at the expense of range. The table below shows the baud rate you should use when configuring the AirPort feature.

Packet Rate Maximum OTA Data Rate (bytes/s) Baud Rate to Select
25Hz 62 600
50Hz 125 1200
100Hz 250 2400
100Hz Full Res 500 4800
200Hz 500 4800
250Hz 625 4800
333Hz Full Res 1665 14400 or 9600
500Hz 1250 9600
1000Hz 2500 19200

A good baseline is:

  • 100Hz Full Res at 4800 baud for 868/915MHz
  • 333Hz Full Res at 14400 or 9600 baud for 2.4GHz

Configuring AirPort

Warning

Once AirPort is enabled, there will be no way to access the RX settings from the LUA script. Before enabling the AirPort option, it is recommended that you bind the TX and RX normally, and (using the LUA) set the RX telemetry power output to maximum. If you already have AirPort enabled, and need to change the RX power, you will need to disable the AirPort checkbox by doing the reverse of the steps below, change the power using LUA, then re-enable AirPort.

Binding Phrases

Use a binding phrase that is different from whatever you are using for your RC link if you intend to run RC + AirPort side by side in ANY way.

  1. Flash the TX Module with the latest ELRS release version (AirPort is available in v3.3.0 onwards).

  2. Enable WiFi on the TX module. This can be enabled by inserting the TX into a handset, and in the LUA script select WiFi Connectivity -> Enable WiFi. WiFi can also be enabled via the screen + 5-way if your TX has one (while powered via USB).

  3. Using a computer or mobile device, connect to the TX WiFi using your preferred method (hotspot or home WiFi).

  4. Open the WebUI (10.0.0.1 for hotspot, or http://elrs_tx.local for home WiFi) in a browser.

  5. In the ELRS WebUI, check the Use as AirPort Serial device checkbox.

  6. In the AirPort UART baud field, enter your desired baud rate. IMPORTANT: Pay close attention to the "Data rate vs Baud rate" section above when choosing your baud. A good default is 9600 baud for 2.4GHz and `4800`` baud for 868/900MHz.

  7. Click SAVE & REBOOT.

  1. Flash the RX with the latest ELRS release version (AirPort is available in v3.3.0 onwards).

  2. Enable WiFi on the RX. This can be enabled by powering on the RX with no TX powered and waiting for the WiFi timeout.

  3. Using a computer or mobile device, connect to the RX WiFi using your preferred method (hotspot or home WiFi).

  4. Open the WebUI (10.0.0.1 for hotspot, or http://elrs_rx.local for home WiFi) in a browser.

  5. In the ELRS WebUI, check the Use as AirPort Serial device checkbox.

  6. In the AirPort UART baud field, enter your desired baud rate. IMPORTANT: Pay close attention to the "Data rate vs Baud rate" section above when choosing your baud. A good default is 9600 baud for 2.4GHz and `4800`` baud for 868/900MHz.

  7. Click SAVE & REBOOT.

(Optional) Pre-Installation Operation Checks

Once you have enabled the AirPort setting on both TX and RX, they should be ready to send bi-directional serial data. If you have an FTDI (USB to serial adapter) handy, you can confirm that the link is working as expected before installing it in a craft.

  1. Using a suitable USB cable, connect your TX module to a computer.
  2. Open a serial terminal client, such as PuTTY, and connect to the COM port for your TX module using the baud rate you chose in the section above.
  3. Connect your FTDI to your computer, and connect the RX to the FTDI
  4. Open a second instance of PuTTY, and connect to the COM port for your FTDI using the baud rate you chose in the section above.
  5. Type chars into each PuTTY window, and confirm you can see them on the opposite terminal session (i.e. typing into the TX PuTTY should result in the same chars appearing in the RX PuTTY window). If you see comms, everything is working.

Installation

Connect the RX to a spare UART on your flight controller, as per normal:

AirPort Receiver Wiring

Example AirPort Receiver Wiring

Using the appropriate Configurator tool for your FC firmware, configure your selected UART with your desired telemetry protocol. For example, if using AirPort for MAVLINK in Ardupilot, you would set:

  • SERIALN_BAUD to the baud you entered in the section above,
  • SERIALN_OPTIONS to 0,
  • SERIALN_PROTOCOL to 1 or 2 (for MAVLINKv1 or MAVLINKv2).

Connect the TX to a computer via USB, open the program that you intend to view the telemetry in, then connect to the COM port for your TX module at the baud you entered above. For example, if using AirPort for MAVLINK in Ardupilot, you would open Mission Planner / QGC etc. and select the TX COM port, enter the baud, then click Connect.

Dynamic Transmit Power

Description

Dynamic Power allows the TX module to lower its output power from the configured power level using signal information from the RX. The TX will lower power if the signal level is above a threshold (see below) and will raise power if it is not, has a low LQ, or has a sudden drop in LQ. Because Dynamic Power relies on telemetry, telemetry must be enabled. That is, "Telem Ratio" must be set to anything except "Off" or "Race".

Warning

Dynamic Power relies on telemetry. If no telemetry is received while armed, then the power level will be kicked up to the maximum configured power level.

How to configure Dynamic Power

In the ELRS Lua script, select > TX Power. There are three configurable elements.

  • Max Power: The output power will never exceed this power output level in any situation.
  • Dynamic: Three options are available.
    • Off: Fixed power, always set power to the configured Max Power output.
    • Dyn: Dynamic power is enabled.
    • AUX9-AUX12: Dynamic power is enabled only when this AUX channel is high, and power is fixed to the Max Power when low. Demo Video
  • Fan Thresh: Fan threshold. If the module has a fan, it will be enabled starting at this power level after a short delay.

Another important setting is to make sure your craft is armed on AUX1=high (~2000us). See Switch Modes for more information about AUX channels.

Details

Starting Power

On module powerup with Dynamic Power enabled, transmit power is set to the minimum supported power.

Lowering Power

For non-FLRC modes, Dynamic Power uses the average signal to noise ratio (SNR) reported by the receiver. If the SNR is above a threshold, the power will be lowered by one level. SNR is used because it takes into account interference (the "noise" in signal-to-noise) and is not affected by receivers with LNAs, which boost RSSI dBm. The thresholds for lowering the power are specific to each packet rate. For example, 250Hz (LoRa) will lower the power if SNR is >= 9.5 but 150Hz (LoRa) will lower power if the SNR is >= 8.5.

For FLRC modes (packet rates beginning with F or D) Dynamic Power averages the last few RSSI dBm readings from the RX. If the RSSI is >= -83dBm, the transmit power is lowered by one level.

For both algorithms, the power will only be lowered if the link quality (LQ) is 95% or higher.

Raising Power

The opposite of the "lowering power" algorithm is also in place, to raise power as needed slowly such as when flying away on a long range flight. The algorithms are the same as for lowering power, except with different thresholds. Examples:

  • 250Hz (LoRa) raise power if SNR <= 3.0
  • 150Hz (LoRa) raise power if SNR <= 0.0
  • F500 (FLRC) raise power if RSSI <= -89 dBm. Note that all FLRC modes use this same limit.

To be proactive when telemetry is not received, Dynamic Power will also increase power one level for each missed telemetry packet, starting when two are missed back to back.

  • TX misses first telemetry packet: no action, maintain power level
  • TX misses second telemetry packet: increase power 1 level
  • TX misses third telemetry packet: increase power 1 level
  • ...
  • TX receives telemetry packet: normal raise / lower conditions apply

In addition to the slow power ramp up, three LQ-based conditions will raise the power immediately to the maximum configured value.

  1. If the LQ ever drops below the hard limit (50% LQ), the power will jump to the max.
  2. If the LQ drops suddenly in a single telemetry update compared to the moving average. This is intended to react to flying behind a structure where the LQ suddenly takes a hit and is expected to drop further. Example: LQ is running 100% (as ExpressLRS does under most conditions) and the TX receives a telemetry packet with 80% LQ, the power will jump to the max.
  3. If telemetry is lost entirely with the arm switch high. Any time the TX is "disconnected" while armed, the power will jump to the max.

Finally, if reported LQ is below 85% and no other condition has been met this period, increase the power one level.

Notes

Because dynamic power relies on information coming back from the RX to know how to adjust the power, dynamic power is only available if the "Telemetry Ratio" is not set to Off / Race. Any ratio will allow it to operate, but the algorithm is optimized around having at least 2x Link Statistics telemetry packets per second, which is provided with the "Std" telemetry option. If using a manual telemetry ratio, it is recommended to use at least the ratio suggested below.

Packet Air Rate Telemetry Ratio
1000Hz 1:128
500Hz 1:128
250Hz 1:64
200Hz 1:64
150Hz 1:32
100Hz 1:32
50Hz 1:16

On startup, the output power will be set to the lowest possible value. If telemetry is lost while disarmed, the output power will stay at the current value until telemetry is received again. This is intended to prevent everyone's TX from blasting to max power when swapping batteries.

OSD Power Display

To see the current output power on your FPV OSD, enable the TX uplink power OSD element. Uplink power is not available if Switch Mode is set to Hybrid, or older Betaflight (<4.3.0) and iNav (<2.6.0) versions. This value updates 8x more quickly in fullres packet modes.

EdgeTX / OpenTX Power Readout

Alternatively, a handset special function can be used to generate an audio notification when changes in the power level changes.

  • Set a logical switch to |Δ|>x / TPWR / 1mW as shown in L04 below. The logical switch triggers when the power changes by at least 1mW.

OpenTX logical switch page, L04 is set to absolute delta equal or larger than x, TPWR, 1mW

  • For a readout when the power changes, set a special function triggered from the logical switch, and assign Play Value / TPWR / 1x (SF10 in the picture). If instead you'd prefer the power to be read out periodically, choose a switch to enable the special function, and assign Play Value / TPWR / (SF11 in the picture, with 10s interval).

OpenTX Special function page, SF10 is set to L04, Play Value, TPWR, 1x. SF11 is set to SB1 down, Play Value, TPWR, 10s

Note

OpenTX has no value for 50mW in the CRSF Telemetry protocol and instead will be read as 0mW. EdgeTX starting 2.5.0 have the proper 50mW readout.

Dynamic Transmit Power

Description

Dynamic Power allows the TX module to lower its output power from the configured power level using signal information from the RX. The TX will lower power if the signal level is above a threshold (see below) and will raise power if it is not, has a low LQ, or has a sudden drop in LQ. Because Dynamic Power relies on telemetry, telemetry must be enabled. That is, "Telem Ratio" must be set to anything except "Off" or "Race".

Warning

Dynamic Power relies on telemetry. If no telemetry is received while armed, then the power level will be kicked up to the maximum configured power level.

How to configure Dynamic Power

In the ELRS Lua script, select > TX Power. There are three configurable elements.

  • Max Power: The output power will never exceed this power output level in any situation.
  • Dynamic: Three options are available.
    • Off: Fixed power, always set power to the configured Max Power output.
    • Dyn: Dynamic power is enabled.
    • AUX9-AUX12: Dynamic power is enabled only when this AUX channel is high, and power is fixed to the Max Power when low. Demo Video
  • Fan Thresh: Fan threshold. If the module has a fan, it will be enabled starting at this power level after a short delay.

Another important setting is to make sure your craft is armed on AUX1=high (~2000us). See Switch Modes for more information about AUX channels.

Details

Starting Power

On module powerup with Dynamic Power enabled, transmit power is set to the minimum supported power.

Lowering Power

For non-FLRC modes, Dynamic Power uses the average signal to noise ratio (SNR) reported by the receiver. If the SNR is above a threshold, the power will be lowered by one level. SNR is used because it takes into account interference (the "noise" in signal-to-noise) and is not affected by receivers with LNAs, which boost RSSI dBm. The thresholds for lowering the power are specific to each packet rate. For example, 250Hz (LoRa) will lower the power if SNR is >= 9.5 but 150Hz (LoRa) will lower power if the SNR is >= 8.5.

For FLRC modes (packet rates beginning with F or D) Dynamic Power averages the last few RSSI dBm readings from the RX. If the RSSI is >= -83dBm, the transmit power is lowered by one level.

For both algorithms, the power will only be lowered if the link quality (LQ) is 95% or higher.

Raising Power

The opposite of the "lowering power" algorithm is also in place, to raise power as needed slowly such as when flying away on a long range flight. The algorithms are the same as for lowering power, except with different thresholds. Examples:

  • 250Hz (LoRa) raise power if SNR <= 3.0
  • 150Hz (LoRa) raise power if SNR <= 0.0
  • F500 (FLRC) raise power if RSSI <= -89 dBm. Note that all FLRC modes use this same limit.

To be proactive when telemetry is not received, Dynamic Power will also increase power one level for each missed telemetry packet, starting when two are missed back to back.

  • TX misses first telemetry packet: no action, maintain power level
  • TX misses second telemetry packet: increase power 1 level
  • TX misses third telemetry packet: increase power 1 level
  • ...
  • TX receives telemetry packet: normal raise / lower conditions apply

In addition to the slow power ramp up, three LQ-based conditions will raise the power immediately to the maximum configured value.

  1. If the LQ ever drops below the hard limit (50% LQ), the power will jump to the max.
  2. If the LQ drops suddenly in a single telemetry update compared to the moving average. This is intended to react to flying behind a structure where the LQ suddenly takes a hit and is expected to drop further. Example: LQ is running 100% (as ExpressLRS does under most conditions) and the TX receives a telemetry packet with 80% LQ, the power will jump to the max.
  3. If telemetry is lost entirely with the arm switch high. Any time the TX is "disconnected" while armed, the power will jump to the max.

Finally, if reported LQ is below 85% and no other condition has been met this period, increase the power one level.

Notes

Because dynamic power relies on information coming back from the RX to know how to adjust the power, dynamic power is only available if the "Telemetry Ratio" is not set to Off / Race. Any ratio will allow it to operate, but the algorithm is optimized around having at least 2x Link Statistics telemetry packets per second, which is provided with the "Std" telemetry option. If using a manual telemetry ratio, it is recommended to use at least the ratio suggested below.

Packet Air Rate Telemetry Ratio
1000Hz 1:128
500Hz 1:128
250Hz 1:64
200Hz 1:64
150Hz 1:32
100Hz 1:32
50Hz 1:16

On startup, the output power will be set to the lowest possible value. If telemetry is lost while disarmed, the output power will stay at the current value until telemetry is received again. This is intended to prevent everyone's TX from blasting to max power when swapping batteries.

OSD Power Display

To see the current output power on your FPV OSD, enable the TX uplink power OSD element. Uplink power is not available if Switch Mode is set to Hybrid, or older Betaflight (<4.3.0) and iNav (<2.6.0) versions. This value updates 8x more quickly in fullres packet modes.

EdgeTX / OpenTX Power Readout

Alternatively, a handset special function can be used to generate an audio notification when changes in the power level changes.

  • Set a logical switch to |Δ|>x / TPWR / 1mW as shown in L04 below. The logical switch triggers when the power changes by at least 1mW.

OpenTX logical switch page, L04 is set to absolute delta equal or larger than x, TPWR, 1mW

  • For a readout when the power changes, set a special function triggered from the logical switch, and assign Play Value / TPWR / 1x (SF10 in the picture). If instead you'd prefer the power to be read out periodically, choose a switch to enable the special function, and assign Play Value / TPWR / (SF11 in the picture, with 10s interval).

OpenTX Special function page, SF10 is set to L04, Play Value, TPWR, 1x. SF11 is set to SB1 down, Play Value, TPWR, 10s

Note

OpenTX has no value for 50mW in the CRSF Telemetry protocol and instead will be read as 0mW. EdgeTX starting 2.5.0 have the proper 50mW readout.

Gemini

What is Gemini?

Gemini is a dual channel 2.4GHz OR 900MHz system. However, it is currently NOT Dual Band e.g. 2.4GHz and 900MHz simultaneous transmissions.

In Gemini Mode, a TX module simultaneously transmits a packet in two frequencies 40MHz apart for 2.4GHz and ~10MHz apart for 900MHz users. The packet separation used is half of the frequency domain selected and will vary a little. A true diversity Receiver is used to receive both packets simultaneously. Transmitting on 2 separate frequencies provides better interference avoidance and/or mitigation, in a similar way DVDA does by sending repeat packets sequentially on different frequencies. This means, the Receiver has an increased chance of receiving the packet. This results in a much higher and stable LQ.

Setup

Via Lua set your TX AND RX Antenna Modes to Gemini.

Use Model Config Matching to set the correct antenna mode based on the active Model on the radio. e.g. use Model 5 for single antenna receivers, Model 6 for Gemini-capable receivers.

Introductory Video and Testing

What about using Gemini with DVDA?

Gemini doubles the redundancy of DVDA modes. For example, D500 sends 2 repeat packets on 2 different frequencies. When using D500 with a Gemini TX you will now have 4 packets sent across 4 different frequencies.

When using D250 which sends 4 repeat packets across 3 frequencies. With Gemini you will now have 8 repeat packets across 6 different frequencies.

What are the Benefits?

Freestylers

Flying in urban environments with lots of RF noise? Gemini will help to dodge the interference and maintain a strong link.

Racers

Flying at events with 6 to 8 up racers, plus who knows how many handsets left powered up in the pits, can cause your precious link to take a hit. Gemini is an obvious choice for these environments when every packet counts.

Lovers of Telemetry

A Gemini TX has the advantage of not only sending simultaneous packets, but also receiving simultaneous packets. Or when used in single antenna mode (or switch mode) both antennas will listen for the same TLM packet, in the same way a diversity RX listens for RC packets. So your TLM link becomes stronger with fewer missed packets, even when not used in Gemini mode and with single antenna receivers.

For data links a single missed packet can mean more than 1 missed packet. If a single packet is missed, this means the rest of the data that was received for that Mavlink packet is now wasted. As the Mavlink packet may have been split across multiple OTA packets and will not be complete. The single missed packet can turn into 10 packets missed. Gemini will help with making sure you get the highest Mav packet rate possible!

Will Gemini increase my range?

No. The packet sensitivity remains the same for the RF Mode (or Packet Rate) used. Gemini will help maintain a higher LQ to the point of failsafe. However failsafe will still happen at approximately the same distance e.g. the moon.

Comparison with other Antenna Modes

Gemini Info

Is there antenna switching with Gemini? Can Antenna 1 of Receiver talk with Antenna 2 of TX if they are in the same polarization during a flight?

Yes, there is antenna switching.

What happens if I use a Gemini TX, in Gemini Mode, with a single Antenna Receiver?

The Gemini TX will function as designed, in Gemini Mode. The Receiver will only get the signal from the TX it has sync'd with. The other TX, will act as a noise generator. Therefore, you should set the TX in either Switch or Single Antenna (Ant1/Ant2) Mode.

What happens if I use a Gemini TX, in Gemini Mode, with Gemini-incapable Diversity Receivers?

As above, with the Receiver antennas only getting sync from one TX. We recommend setting the TX to non-Gemini Modes.

How does a Gemini RX behave when paired with a non-Gemini TX?

The Receiver will still listen on both Antennas, but only get sync on one. Both RX will send out Telemetry, but only one of them will be used.

Gemini

What is Gemini?

Gemini is a dual channel 2.4GHz OR 900MHz system. However, it is currently NOT Dual Band e.g. 2.4GHz and 900MHz simultaneous transmissions.

In Gemini Mode, a TX module simultaneously transmits a packet in two frequencies 40MHz apart for 2.4GHz and ~10MHz apart for 900MHz users. The packet separation used is half of the frequency domain selected and will vary a little. A true diversity Receiver is used to receive both packets simultaneously. Transmitting on 2 separate frequencies provides better interference avoidance and/or mitigation, in a similar way DVDA does by sending repeat packets sequentially on different frequencies. This means, the Receiver has an increased chance of receiving the packet. This results in a much higher and stable LQ.

Setup

Via Lua set your TX AND RX Antenna Modes to Gemini.

Use Model Config Matching to set the correct antenna mode based on the active Model on the radio. e.g. use Model 5 for single antenna receivers, Model 6 for Gemini-capable receivers.

Introductory Video and Testing

What about using Gemini with DVDA?

Gemini doubles the redundancy of DVDA modes. For example, D500 sends 2 repeat packets on 2 different frequencies. When using D500 with a Gemini TX you will now have 4 packets sent across 4 different frequencies.

When using D250 which sends 4 repeat packets across 3 frequencies. With Gemini you will now have 8 repeat packets across 6 different frequencies.

What are the Benefits?

Freestylers

Flying in urban environments with lots of RF noise? Gemini will help to dodge the interference and maintain a strong link.

Racers

Flying at events with 6 to 8 up racers, plus who knows how many handsets left powered up in the pits, can cause your precious link to take a hit. Gemini is an obvious choice for these environments when every packet counts.

Lovers of Telemetry

A Gemini TX has the advantage of not only sending simultaneous packets, but also receiving simultaneous packets. Or when used in single antenna mode (or switch mode) both antennas will listen for the same TLM packet, in the same way a diversity RX listens for RC packets. So your TLM link becomes stronger with fewer missed packets, even when not used in Gemini mode and with single antenna receivers.

For data links a single missed packet can mean more than 1 missed packet. If a single packet is missed, this means the rest of the data that was received for that Mavlink packet is now wasted. As the Mavlink packet may have been split across multiple OTA packets and will not be complete. The single missed packet can turn into 10 packets missed. Gemini will help with making sure you get the highest Mav packet rate possible!

Will Gemini increase my range?

No. The packet sensitivity remains the same for the RF Mode (or Packet Rate) used. Gemini will help maintain a higher LQ to the point of failsafe. However failsafe will still happen at approximately the same distance e.g. the moon.

Comparison with other Antenna Modes

Gemini Info

Is there antenna switching with Gemini? Can Antenna 1 of Receiver talk with Antenna 2 of TX if they are in the same polarization during a flight?

Yes, there is antenna switching.

What happens if I use a Gemini TX, in Gemini Mode, with a single Antenna Receiver?

The Gemini TX will function as designed, in Gemini Mode. The Receiver will only get the signal from the TX it has sync'd with. The other TX, will act as a noise generator. Therefore, you should set the TX in either Switch or Single Antenna (Ant1/Ant2) Mode.

What happens if I use a Gemini TX, in Gemini Mode, with Gemini-incapable Diversity Receivers?

As above, with the Receiver antennas only getting sync from one TX. We recommend setting the TX to non-Gemini Modes.

How does a Gemini RX behave when paired with a non-Gemini TX?

The Receiver will still listen on both Antennas, but only get sync on one. Both RX will send out Telemetry, but only one of them will be used.

Loan Model

Loan Model

Scenario

You are flying with your buddies and your friend has crashed all his models. You'd like to be able to lend him one of yours but you can't because it's using a binding phrase, so he's relegated to being the crashed model fetcher for the rest of the day!

No longer is he destined to be running to the bando and back again fetching downed quads. You can use the "Loan Model" feature and lend him one of your models!

How to "Loan Model"

On the lenders handset

  • Connect to the model you wish to loan out with your handset
  • Enter the LUA screen and select "Other Devices" at the bottom of the list

Other Devices

  • Choose the RX from the list

Select RX

  • Select the "Loan Model" entry

Loan Model

  • The receiver LED should go into the bind flashing state

LEDSEQ_BINDING

On the borrowers handset

  • From the main ExpressLRS LUA screen select [Bind]
  • The receiver LED should turn solid on, and the handset should connect to the receiver

CONNECTED

Returning a "Loaned" Model

There are a couple of ways to return a model to the owner.

The first method is for the borrower to return it from the LUA script as follows:

  • On the borrowers handset, connect to the "loaned" model
  • Enter the LUA screen and select "Other Devices" at the bottom of the list

Other Devices

  • Choose the RX from the list

Select RX

  • Select the "Return Model" entry

Return Model

The second method used if the borrower forgets to return the model, is as follows:

  1. Power cycle the model 3 times in rapid succession, turning it off each time after the LED flashes on and off again.
  2. If done correctly, the model will return to the state where it is bound to your transmitter.

Note

If the LED returns to normal flashing between reboots, the counter is reset to 0 and you must restart the process.

Bump to Loan

On transmitter modules with an accelerometer (such as the Axis Thor), you can loan and return a model by bumping it to another transmitter.

The process is easy - simply hold both the lender and the borrower's transmitters vertically while a model is connected and not armed and bump them together.

Note

If the borrower does not have an accelerometer, the borrower must go into binding mode manually.

Loan Model

Loan Model

Scenario

You are flying with your buddies and your friend has crashed all his models. You'd like to be able to lend him one of yours but you can't because it's using a binding phrase, so he's relegated to being the crashed model fetcher for the rest of the day!

No longer is he destined to be running to the bando and back again fetching downed quads. You can use the "Loan Model" feature and lend him one of your models!

How to "Loan Model"

On the lenders handset

  • Connect to the model you wish to loan out with your handset
  • Enter the LUA screen and select "Other Devices" at the bottom of the list

Other Devices

  • Choose the RX from the list

Select RX

  • Select the "Loan Model" entry

Loan Model

  • The receiver LED should go into the bind flashing state

LEDSEQ_BINDING

On the borrowers handset

  • From the main ExpressLRS LUA screen select [Bind]
  • The receiver LED should turn solid on, and the handset should connect to the receiver

CONNECTED

Returning a "Loaned" Model

There are a couple of ways to return a model to the owner.

The first method is for the borrower to return it from the LUA script as follows:

  • On the borrowers handset, connect to the "loaned" model
  • Enter the LUA screen and select "Other Devices" at the bottom of the list

Other Devices

  • Choose the RX from the list

Select RX

  • Select the "Return Model" entry

Return Model

The second method used if the borrower forgets to return the model, is as follows:

  1. Power cycle the model 3 times in rapid succession, turning it off each time after the LED flashes on and off again.
  2. If done correctly, the model will return to the state where it is bound to your transmitter.

Note

If the LED returns to normal flashing between reboots, the counter is reset to 0 and you must restart the process.

Bump to Loan

On transmitter modules with an accelerometer (such as the Axis Thor), you can loan and return a model by bumping it to another transmitter.

The process is easy - simply hold both the lender and the borrower's transmitters vertically while a model is connected and not armed and bump them together.

Note

If the borrower does not have an accelerometer, the borrower must go into binding mode manually.

Model Matching

Model Configuration

ExpressLRS stores separate configurations for each CRSF Receiver number configured in OpenTX/EdgeTX. This can be used with or without model matching - for example, a single drone being used for long-range and freestyle can have its RF params switched quickly by changing the model on the radio. The value is shown highlighted below on a TX16s.

The parameters stored per-Receiver number are:

Setting Description
Packet Rate The RC update frequency (500Hz, 250Hz, etc)
Telem Ratio Telemetry ratio (Off, 1:128, 1:64, etc)
Switch Mode Method for sending switches to the receiver
Model Match Enable the model match feature (see below)
Max Power Transmitter output power level
Dynamic Power Enable Dynamic Power switching

All other configuration parameters are global across all Receiver numbers. Note: not "per receiver" but "per Receiver number". For details about the configurable parameters, see Lua Configuration.

Model Match

ExpressLRS uses a binding phrase, which means the transmitter will connect to any receiver built with that binding phrase. Model Match is a feature which prevents a full connection if the Model Match number does not match. In this mode, the receiver will connect to the handset, but no data will be sent from the receiver to the flight controller. This allows a user to force that the model selected in OpenTX only connects to a specific receiver, for example preventing using a quad OpenTX model definition with a fixed wing model.

The terms Receiver number (set in OpenTX/EdgeTX) and Model Match number (set in the receiver) are used interchangeably here-- they are the same.

If the Model Match option is Off, then only receivers with no Model Match number (255) can be connected. If the Model Match option is On, then the Receiver number configured in the external module configuration (as shown in the image above) must match the Model Match number stored on the receiver module for the receiver and transmitter to fully connect.

The implementation follows this set of rules for handling half connections / full connections

TX ModelMatch TX Receiver ID RX Model ID Result
Off Any Off Connects / Communicates as usual
Off Any A Connects but does not communicate to FC
On Any Off Connects but does not communicate to FC
On A A Connects / Communicates as usual
On B A Connects but does not communicate to FC

Setting Model Match number

  • Set the Receiver number to be used in the OpenTX Model Setup -> External Module -> Receiver
  • Be sure the receiver to be assigned is connected and has a high LQ
  • Use the ExpressLRS Lua to set the Model Match option to "On"
  • The receiver now has its Model Match number set to match the Receiver number and will only fully connect when using this Receiver number.

Alternatively

  • For WiFi-enabled RX modules, use the WebUI to set the Model Match directly. "Model Match" must still be set to "On" in the Lua config.

Model Match webui

Clearing Model Match number

  • Be sure the receiver to be assigned is connected and has a high LQ
  • Use the ExpressLRS Lua to set the Model Match option to "Off"
  • The receiver now has its Model Match number cleared and will connect with any configuration profile which has Model Match set to "Off"

Alternatively

  • For WiFi-enabled RX modules, use the WebUI to set the Model Match to 255 to disable matching. "Model Match" must still be set to "Off" in the Lua config.

Model Matching

Model Configuration

ExpressLRS stores separate configurations for each CRSF Receiver number configured in OpenTX/EdgeTX. This can be used with or without model matching - for example, a single drone being used for long-range and freestyle can have its RF params switched quickly by changing the model on the radio. The value is shown highlighted below on a TX16s.

The parameters stored per-Receiver number are:

Setting Description
Packet Rate The RC update frequency (500Hz, 250Hz, etc)
Telem Ratio Telemetry ratio (Off, 1:128, 1:64, etc)
Switch Mode Method for sending switches to the receiver
Model Match Enable the model match feature (see below)
Max Power Transmitter output power level
Dynamic Power Enable Dynamic Power switching

All other configuration parameters are global across all Receiver numbers. Note: not "per receiver" but "per Receiver number". For details about the configurable parameters, see Lua Configuration.

Model Match

ExpressLRS uses a binding phrase, which means the transmitter will connect to any receiver built with that binding phrase. Model Match is a feature which prevents a full connection if the Model Match number does not match. In this mode, the receiver will connect to the handset, but no data will be sent from the receiver to the flight controller. This allows a user to force that the model selected in OpenTX only connects to a specific receiver, for example preventing using a quad OpenTX model definition with a fixed wing model.

The terms Receiver number (set in OpenTX/EdgeTX) and Model Match number (set in the receiver) are used interchangeably here-- they are the same.

If the Model Match option is Off, then only receivers with no Model Match number (255) can be connected. If the Model Match option is On, then the Receiver number configured in the external module configuration (as shown in the image above) must match the Model Match number stored on the receiver module for the receiver and transmitter to fully connect.

The implementation follows this set of rules for handling half connections / full connections

TX ModelMatch TX Receiver ID RX Model ID Result
Off Any Off Connects / Communicates as usual
Off Any A Connects but does not communicate to FC
On Any Off Connects but does not communicate to FC
On A A Connects / Communicates as usual
On B A Connects but does not communicate to FC

Setting Model Match number

  • Set the Receiver number to be used in the OpenTX Model Setup -> External Module -> Receiver
  • Be sure the receiver to be assigned is connected and has a high LQ
  • Use the ExpressLRS Lua to set the Model Match option to "On"
  • The receiver now has its Model Match number set to match the Receiver number and will only fully connect when using this Receiver number.

Alternatively

  • For WiFi-enabled RX modules, use the WebUI to set the Model Match directly. "Model Match" must still be set to "On" in the Lua config.

Model Match webui

Clearing Model Match number

  • Be sure the receiver to be assigned is connected and has a high LQ
  • Use the ExpressLRS Lua to set the Model Match option to "Off"
  • The receiver now has its Model Match number cleared and will connect with any configuration profile which has Model Match set to "Off"

Alternatively

  • For WiFi-enabled RX modules, use the WebUI to set the Model Match to 255 to disable matching. "Model Match" must still be set to "Off" in the Lua config.

OpenOCD for STLink

Overview

If you are using Linux then you can't use the ST-LINK utility from st.com. But fortunately, you can achieve the same effect with openocd on the Linux command line. This tutorial assumes you have an STLink v2.

  1. Install openocd from your distro's repository. For Debian/Ubuntu use: sudo apt-get install openocd

  2. Issue the full command:

    a. For R9mm/Mini openocd -f interface/stlink-v2.cfg -f target/stm32f1x.cfg -c 'init; reset halt; stm32f1x unlock 0; reset run; shutdown'

    b. For Ghost Átto/Zepto openocd -f interface/stlink-v2.cfg -f target/stm32f3x.cfg -c 'init; reset halt; stm32f3x unlock 0; flash protect 0 0 last off; reset halt; exit'

  3. Restart your device so the disabled readout protection can take effect.

  4. Now you can proceed with flashing your receiver. This may work on other devices or it might not.

OpenOCD for STLink

Overview

If you are using Linux then you can't use the ST-LINK utility from st.com. But fortunately, you can achieve the same effect with openocd on the Linux command line. This tutorial assumes you have an STLink v2.

  1. Install openocd from your distro's repository. For Debian/Ubuntu use: sudo apt-get install openocd

  2. Issue the full command:

    a. For R9mm/Mini openocd -f interface/stlink-v2.cfg -f target/stm32f1x.cfg -c 'init; reset halt; stm32f1x unlock 0; reset run; shutdown'

    b. For Ghost Átto/Zepto openocd -f interface/stlink-v2.cfg -f target/stm32f3x.cfg -c 'init; reset halt; stm32f3x unlock 0; flash protect 0 0 last off; reset halt; exit'

  3. Restart your device so the disabled readout protection can take effect.

  4. Now you can proceed with flashing your receiver. This may work on other devices or it might not.

Receiver Serial Protocols

Description

ExpressLRS receivers can communicate using a variety of serial protocols:

  • CRSF (Crossfire) + Inverted
  • SBUS + Inverted
  • SUMD
  • DJI RS2 Pro (Modified SBUS with pre-configured limits)

Receiver Protocol Selection

Note

For R9MM and R9-Mini receivers SBUS, DJI RS2 Pro and CRSF Inverted protocols will be output on the SBUS (A2) pad. This is a hardware limitation of these receivers, as they do not have software controllable inverters.

On a serial based receiver or a PWM receiver with output pins configured for serial communication (as shown below), the protocol used for serial communication can be selected from the receiver WebUI in the Serial Protocol section.

Alternately, in the Lua script, enter > Other Devices and change the value of the Protocol field.

PWM Receiver Serial Pin Selection

A PWM receiver may also be configured to communicate via serial on two of its pins. The exact pins will vary depending on the receiver. This can be configured in either the receiver WebUI or in the receiver Lua script.

Note

Not all pins support serial communication. Only the pins that support serial will have the option in the Mode dropdown in the WebUI or the Output Mode field in the Lua script.

WebUI

Start the WebUI on the receiver and go to the Model tab. From there you will be able to select Serial TX or Serial RX on an output pin that supports serial communication.

Once you've configured the output pins to allow Serial communications you will be presented with a new section, Serial Protocol, underneath the PWM Output section. In this section you can choose the serial protocol you wish to use.

Lua Script

When connected to the receiver with the transmitter, enter the ExpressLRS Lua script and select > Other Devices then select > Output Mapping. In that screen select the output channel/pin that supports serial (either Serial TX or RX) and set that as the output mode. Setting one automatically enables the other matching pin for serial communications.

SUMD Notes

SUMD is the Graupner HoTT bus protocol used to transmit multiple channel data over a single serial line. It transports up to 16 full res channels at a rate of 100Hz and is mainly used to provide digital channel data to Flybarless Control Systems for helicopters and older Flight Controllers.

As already stated many times in this manual, ExpressLRS expects AUX1 (channel 5) to control the arm state. This may lead to a conflict using serial protocols like SUMD in conjunction with devices having fixed channel assignments. To circumvent the problem, SUMD implements a channel remapping by swapping channels 5 and 8 in its serial output:

This opens the possibility to assign a linear output channel order for channels 1 to 7 using an appropriate OpenTX/EdgeTX mixer setup.

Example: Microbeast flybarless controller without RPM governor. (Follow the Microbeast manual to setup the single line receiver mode.)

Microbeast expected channel order for SRXL/SUMD:

Required OpenTX/EdgeTX mixer setup to satisfy the Microbeast expected channel order:

DJI RS2 Pro Notes

Here's a few things to be aware of when using this Receiver Mode:

  • The ELRS TX should be set to 100Hz Full, and Switch Mode to 8ch.
  • Channels 1, 2, 4 are Pan, Tilt, Roll
  • Aux1/CH5 is unused but should be set as an arm switch and left in the unarmed position (Low).
  • Aux2/CH6 should be a 3 way switch. From the switch center position to high/low, Rec start/stop or photos can be captured.
  • Aux3/CH7 should be a 3 way switch. Each of the 3 positions corresponds to Modes 1, 2 or 3.
  • Aux4/CH8 should be a 3 way switch. From the switch center position to high/low, Selfie or Recenter can be activated.
  • Rec, photos, recenter, and selfies are done by toggling the switch from the center position to high/low, and back to center in a quick 0.4s movement. With some ETX and mixer magic these functions can be improved and mapped to buttons etc.
  • ETX Outputs for the channels should be -100 to 100.

For more information, please see PR 2140

Receiver Serial Protocols

Description

ExpressLRS receivers can communicate using a variety of serial protocols:

  • CRSF (Crossfire) + Inverted
  • SBUS + Inverted
  • SUMD
  • DJI RS2 Pro (Modified SBUS with pre-configured limits)

Receiver Protocol Selection

Note

For R9MM and R9-Mini receivers SBUS, DJI RS2 Pro and CRSF Inverted protocols will be output on the SBUS (A2) pad. This is a hardware limitation of these receivers, as they do not have software controllable inverters.

On a serial based receiver or a PWM receiver with output pins configured for serial communication (as shown below), the protocol used for serial communication can be selected from the receiver WebUI in the Serial Protocol section.

Alternately, in the Lua script, enter > Other Devices and change the value of the Protocol field.

PWM Receiver Serial Pin Selection

A PWM receiver may also be configured to communicate via serial on two of its pins. The exact pins will vary depending on the receiver. This can be configured in either the receiver WebUI or in the receiver Lua script.

Note

Not all pins support serial communication. Only the pins that support serial will have the option in the Mode dropdown in the WebUI or the Output Mode field in the Lua script.

WebUI

Start the WebUI on the receiver and go to the Model tab. From there you will be able to select Serial TX or Serial RX on an output pin that supports serial communication.

Once you've configured the output pins to allow Serial communications you will be presented with a new section, Serial Protocol, underneath the PWM Output section. In this section you can choose the serial protocol you wish to use.

Lua Script

When connected to the receiver with the transmitter, enter the ExpressLRS Lua script and select > Other Devices then select > Output Mapping. In that screen select the output channel/pin that supports serial (either Serial TX or RX) and set that as the output mode. Setting one automatically enables the other matching pin for serial communications.

SUMD Notes

SUMD is the Graupner HoTT bus protocol used to transmit multiple channel data over a single serial line. It transports up to 16 full res channels at a rate of 100Hz and is mainly used to provide digital channel data to Flybarless Control Systems for helicopters and older Flight Controllers.

As already stated many times in this manual, ExpressLRS expects AUX1 (channel 5) to control the arm state. This may lead to a conflict using serial protocols like SUMD in conjunction with devices having fixed channel assignments. To circumvent the problem, SUMD implements a channel remapping by swapping channels 5 and 8 in its serial output:

This opens the possibility to assign a linear output channel order for channels 1 to 7 using an appropriate OpenTX/EdgeTX mixer setup.

Example: Microbeast flybarless controller without RPM governor. (Follow the Microbeast manual to setup the single line receiver mode.)

Microbeast expected channel order for SRXL/SUMD:

Required OpenTX/EdgeTX mixer setup to satisfy the Microbeast expected channel order:

DJI RS2 Pro Notes

Here's a few things to be aware of when using this Receiver Mode:

  • The ELRS TX should be set to 100Hz Full, and Switch Mode to 8ch.
  • Channels 1, 2, 4 are Pan, Tilt, Roll
  • Aux1/CH5 is unused but should be set as an arm switch and left in the unarmed position (Low).
  • Aux2/CH6 should be a 3 way switch. From the switch center position to high/low, Rec start/stop or photos can be captured.
  • Aux3/CH7 should be a 3 way switch. Each of the 3 positions corresponds to Modes 1, 2 or 3.
  • Aux4/CH8 should be a 3 way switch. From the switch center position to high/low, Selfie or Recenter can be activated.
  • Rec, photos, recenter, and selfies are done by toggling the switch from the center position to high/low, and back to center in a quick 0.4s movement. With some ETX and mixer magic these functions can be improved and mapped to buttons etc.
  • ETX Outputs for the channels should be -100 to 100.

For more information, please see PR 2140

PIO STLink Fix

Overview

PlatformIO has an older version of STLink. It is unable to communicate with the STM32L MCUs on some RX's.

Affected RX's

  • (DIY) PP

Swapping out PIO's STLink folder contents with the current STLink will allow using the configurator with these RX's.

Go to your STLink folder

  • Copy contents of "ST-Link Utility"
    C:\Program Files (x86)\STMicroelectronics\STM32 ST-LINK Utility\ST-LINK Utility

Folder details

  • Paste files from "st-link utility" folder into "stlink" folder in your user PIO location
    C:\Users\username\ .platformio\packages\tool-stm32duino

Destination Folder

PIO STLink Fix

Overview

PlatformIO has an older version of STLink. It is unable to communicate with the STM32L MCUs on some RX's.

Affected RX's

  • (DIY) PP

Swapping out PIO's STLink folder contents with the current STLink will allow using the configurator with these RX's.

Go to your STLink folder

  • Copy contents of "ST-Link Utility"
    C:\Program Files (x86)\STMicroelectronics\STM32 ST-LINK Utility\ST-LINK Utility

Folder details

  • Paste files from "st-link utility" folder into "stlink" folder in your user PIO location
    C:\Users\username\ .platformio\packages\tool-stm32duino

Destination Folder

Switch Configs

WARNING

Put your arm switch on AUX1, and set it as ~1000 is disarmed, ~2000 is armed.

Summary of Switch Configuration Modes

This table summarizes the switch configuration modes, available channel switch positions and resolutions, channel update rate, and packet rate as it applies to each channel or flight controller auxiliary channel (Aux). Below the table are descriptions for each option.

Channel Flight
Controller		 Hybrid Wide Full Res
8ch		 Full Res
16ch Rate/2		 Full Res
12ch Mixed
1 Sticks Normal
Range		 Normal
Range		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
Limits
2 Sticks Normal
Range		 Normal
Range		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
Limits
3 Sticks Normal
Range		 Normal
Range		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
Limits
4 Sticks Normal
Range		 Normal
Range		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
Limits
5 Aux 1 2-pos
Arm		 2-pos
Arm		 2-pos
Arm		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
Arm		 2-pos
Arm
6 Aux 2 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
7 Aux 3 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
8 Aux 4 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
9 Aux 5 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
10 Aux 6 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
11 Aux 7 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
12 Aux 8 16-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
13 Aux 9 - - - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
14 Aux 10 - - - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 -
15 Aux 11 - - - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 -
16 Aux 12 - - - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 -
Packet
Rates		 50 thru
F1000		 50 thru
F1000		 100&333
Only		 100&333
Only		 100&333
Only

Switch Position / Channel Resolution

Label Description
Normal Range 10-bit or 1024 positions mapped to PWM 988us to 2012us (1 bit = 1us)
CRSF Ext Limits 10-bit or 1024 positions mapped to PWM 885us to 2115us (1 bit = 1.23046875us)
64 / 128-pos The bit depth is dependent on the selected telemetry ratio. For a telemetry ratio of 1:2 and 1:4 these channels are 6-bit/64 pos. For all other ratios, these channels are 7-bit/128 pos. The 7-bit/128 positions is 12.5% the resolution of 10-bit, and 6-bit/64 positions is 6.25% the resolution of 10-bit. This may not be enough resolution for a head tracker but definitely enough for flight modes, flaps, gear, etc.
16-pos 4-bit which is good for flight modes, flaps, gear, etc.
6-pos 3-bit which is good for flight modes, flaps, gear, etc.
2-pos 1-bit for Arm, ~1000us is the disarmed state and ~2000us is the armed state (see the explanations below of why the armed state is very important for safety and performance)

WARNING

Put your arm switch on AUX1, and set it as ~1000 is disarmed, ~2000 is armed.

Note

If using a receiver with PWM outputs and you would like to use the PWM output 5 on the receiver for a servo, gear, etc. Go into the WiFi interface of the receiver and map any of the other channels to PWM Output 5. Please always still use AUX1 for the 2-pos Arm switch.

Channel Update Rate versus Packet Rate

Label Description
Bolded This channel will be included in every packet at the selected packet rate (So a 150Hz Packet Rate = 150Hz Channel Update Rate)
H
Half Rate		 Half of the channels are included in each packet - Rate/2 (So a 100Hz Packet Rate cut in half = 50Hz Channel Update Rate)
RR
Round Robin		 These channels wait their turn to be sent in a packet (So a 150Hz Packet Rate sends a channel every 7th packet = 22Hz Channel Update Rate)
50 thru
F1000		 The Hybrid and Wide switch modes are only available on packet rates of 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz, 500Hz, D250Hz, D500Hz, F500Hz, and F1000Hz
100&333
Only		 The Full Resolution switch modes (8ch, 16ch Rate/2, 12ch Mixed) are only available on packet rates of 100Hz Full and 333Hz Full

Detailed Description of Switch Configuration Modes

Note

The switch configuration mode can only be changed when a receiver is not connected to the transmitter and when the transmitter is not armed. The mode is changed using the LUA Configuration in EdgeTX / OpenTX or using buttons, joystick, screen, etc. on the actual transmitter itself.

ExpressLRS has a few options for how switches are transmitted; Hybrid, Wide, Full Res 8ch, Full Res 16ch Rate/2, Full Res 12ch Mixed.

Hybrid and Wide Switch Configuration Modes

These two switch modes are only available when packet rates of 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz, 500Hz, D250Hz, D500Hz, F500Hz, and F1000Hz and selected.

The stick inputs (Chan 1-4) are sent with every packet at the normal range resolution of 10-bit or 1024 positions mapped to a PWM of 988us to 2012us (1 bit = 1us) which corresponds to -100% and 100% in EdgeTX / OpenTX.

Normal Range

The first switch (Chan 5 / AUX 1) is sent with every packet. PUT YOUR ARM ON THIS CHANNEL / AUX 1. It is used to enable safeguards and performance settings in the software and hardware. See the FAQ below. This switch is 1-bit / 2-position and is mapped to a PWM of ~1000us for disarmed and ~2000us for armed.

For the remaining 7 switches (Chan 6 thru 12 / AUX 2 thru AUX 8), only one switch is sent with each packet and is rotated on each packet (Round Robin).

In Hybrid mode, AUX2-AUX7 / Chan6-11 are 3-bit and can be used as either 2-position, 3-position, or 6-position switches or selector buttons. These are mapped to a PWM of 1000us to 2000us.

2-pos
Switch		 3-pos
Switch		 6-pos
Switch		 Approx. Channel
Input PWM (us)		 Channel
Output (us)		 Ardupilot Mode
1 1 1 988 1000 Mode1 (up position for 2-pos / 3-pos)
2 1192 1275 Mode2
3 1398 1425 Mode3
2 - 1500 1500 Mode4 (center position in 3-pos)
4 1602 1575 Mode4
5 1807 1725 Mode5
2 3 6 2012 2000 Mode6 (down position for 2-pos / 3-pos)

In Hybrid mode, AUX8 / Chan12 is 4-bit / 16-position and is mapped to the PWM table below. It takes 7 packets to send the complete set of switches before cycling back to AUX2. You can stack all your modes in here, Bardwell style, or get some low-res camera pan action (180 degrees / 16 = 11ish deg per position which isn't terrible). Clever math-heads might note that there's no "center position" (1500us) in a 16-position switch, so using AUX8 with a 3-position switch means it will come out as 1533 at the flight controller.

Switch Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Approx. Chan Input PWM (us) 988 1056 1125 1193 1261 1329 1398 1466 1534 1602 1671 1739 1807 1875 1944 2012
Chan Output PWM (us) 1000 1066 1133 1200 1266 1333 1400 1467 1533 1600 1666 1733 1800 1866 1933 2000

In Wide mode, AUX2-AUX8 / Chan6-12 are 6-bit / 64-position for telemetry ratios of 1:2 and 1:4. For all other telemetry ratios, these 7 switches are 7-bit / 128-position. It takes 8 packets to send the complete set of switches before cycling back to AUX2 (one more than Hybrid). Wide uses the 8th slot to transmit extra data to the receiver, including the current transmitter power. This is the only switch mode which can show the transmitter power TPwr on the flight controller's OSD. These behave more like traditional channels although with lower precision. You can tell you're operating in Wide mode when a switch in the middle position shows up as 1503 instead of 1500.

If using Ardupilot in Wide mode you will see that the channel outputs don't line up very well with the standard -100% (988us) to +100% (2012us) output range in EdgeTX / OpenTX when using a 6-position selector as input. Both the first two and the last two positions get binned into Mode 1 and Mode 6 respectively. To get the full 6 Ardupilot modes, go to the Outputs page on the OpenTX model setup and set the min / max for the channels to -75% / +75%.

Full Resolution Switch Configuration Modes 🆕

These switch modes come in three flavors based on the number of output channels you would like and are only available on packet rates of 100Hz Full and 333Hz Full.

  1. 8ch - Channels 1 to 4 and Channels 6 to 9 are sent 10-bit, at the selected Packet Rate, along with Channel 5 (AUX1) in 1-bit (2-position) for Arming.

  2. 16ch Rate/2 - All the Channels are sent 10-bit but at half rate.

  3. 12ch Mixed - Channels 1 to 4 are sent 10-bit with Channel 5 (AUX1) in 1-bit (2-position) for Arming at the selected Packet Rate. Channels 6 to 13 are then sent at 10-bit but at half rate.

All of these 10-bit or 1024 positions are mapped to PWM 885us to 2115us (1 bit = 1.23046875us) in what is called "CRSF Extended Limits"

CRSF Extended Limits

FAQ

Why do you keep saying "put arm on AUX1"?

Why do you keep saying "put arm on AUX1"?

For safety and performance reasons.

SAFETY

AUX1 is sent with every packet going out, this is the most reliable way to be able to tell your model to disarm. If your arm switch is on another aux channel, it may be several packets before that switch is transmitted, and there's no guarantee that the RX will actually receive that packet. There's a non-trivial chance your model may not ever disarm if the link quality is low and it just so happens that the packet containing the arm switch is getting missed every time. Forcing the arm switch into every packet on AUX1 means that if any packet is received by ExpressLRS, it will disarm your model, not just a less than 1-in-7 chance.

It also protects against unintentional disarms caused by a corrupt packet changing the value of the arm switch to disarmed. Betaflight requires that 4x "disarm" commands are received before disarming to guard against this possibility. With arm on AUX1, a single corrupt packet can not disarm your model. With arm on AUX2-8, the one corrupt switch value will be sent 6 times before the value is refreshed, but the flight controller would have already disarmed by that point.

Your transmitter and receiver also act differently when “armed” and when “disarmed”. When disarmed, the transmitter and receiver are free to adjust their communication in order to make the LUA and other configuration operations more responsive. When "disarmed", everything will appear to be working appropriately but none of the safeguards will be in place and performance will not be what you expect.

When IsArmed is enabled, these safeguards are applied:

  • All "Button" inputs are disabled
  • All "Joystick" (5-way buttons) are disabled
  • Bump to Share is disabled
  • VTX Admin is disabled
  • Integrated VTX channel change is disabled

PERFORMANCE

When IsArmed is enabled, these performance features are activated:

  • Dynamic Power is fully enabled
  • Race telemetry mode turns telemetry off
  • Some thermal-based fan controls are enabled

Arming is an extremely important part of the performance of the control link. Please use Aux 1 / Chan 5 as indicated. Also keep in mind that for ExpressLRS, ~1000us is the disarmed state and ~2000us is the armed state.

I use a 3-pos switch for arm, this software is unusable?

I use a 3-pos switch for arm, this software is unusable?

Good news, you can still use a 3-position switch to arm! However, you will need to adjust the model input / mixer settings for AUX1 in EdgeTX / OpenTX to remap the switch to be 2-position / on-off switch. If your 3-position arm switch had a second function as well, such as enabling Blackbox, just use one of the other channels to send the same switch on a second channel using the model input / mixer settings EdgeTX / OpenTX.

What about "Normal" one bit switch mode?

What about "Normal" one bit switch mode?

In version 1.0 of ExpressLRS, there was also a switch mode called "Normal" where there were eight 1-position switches sent in every packet. This mode was removed in version 2.0 due to its unpopularity and the flash space was used for other features. Please use Hybrid or Wide modes and all of the high performance packet rates.

Every time I change switch mode in Lua, it changes back! Is my transmitter broken?

Every time I change switch mode in Lua, it changes back! Is my transmitter broken?

If the Lua loads then you know its communicating with your transmitter. However, the switch mode can only be changed when a receiver is not connected and makes it appear as if the changes are not saving. This is done to ensure consistency between the RX's and TX's interpretation of the switch data being actively transmitted. This is a safeguard. Power down your receiver, wait for the "Telemetry Lost" callout, and the switch mode change will stick / save. The receiver will talk to the transmitted when it is powered up to handshake on the new settings.

Switch Configs

WARNING

Put your arm switch on AUX1, and set it as ~1000 is disarmed, ~2000 is armed.

Summary of Switch Configuration Modes

This table summarizes the switch configuration modes, available channel switch positions and resolutions, channel update rate, and packet rate as it applies to each channel or flight controller auxiliary channel (Aux). Below the table are descriptions for each option.

Channel Flight
Controller		 Hybrid Wide Full Res
8ch		 Full Res
16ch Rate/2		 Full Res
12ch Mixed
1 Sticks Normal
Range		 Normal
Range		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
Limits
2 Sticks Normal
Range		 Normal
Range		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
Limits
3 Sticks Normal
Range		 Normal
Range		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
Limits
4 Sticks Normal
Range		 Normal
Range		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
Limits
5 Aux 1 2-pos
Arm		 2-pos
Arm		 2-pos
Arm		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
Arm		 2-pos
Arm
6 Aux 2 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
7 Aux 3 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
8 Aux 4 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
9 Aux 5 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 CRSF Ext
Limits		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
10 Aux 6 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
11 Aux 7 6-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
12 Aux 8 16-posRR 64/128
-posRR		 - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
13 Aux 9 - - - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 CRSF Ext
LimitsH
14 Aux 10 - - - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 -
15 Aux 11 - - - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 -
16 Aux 12 - - - CRSF Ext
LimitsH		 -
Packet
Rates		 50 thru
F1000		 50 thru
F1000		 100&333
Only		 100&333
Only		 100&333
Only

Switch Position / Channel Resolution

Label Description
Normal Range 10-bit or 1024 positions mapped to PWM 988us to 2012us (1 bit = 1us)
CRSF Ext Limits 10-bit or 1024 positions mapped to PWM 885us to 2115us (1 bit = 1.23046875us)
64 / 128-pos The bit depth is dependent on the selected telemetry ratio. For a telemetry ratio of 1:2 and 1:4 these channels are 6-bit/64 pos. For all other ratios, these channels are 7-bit/128 pos. The 7-bit/128 positions is 12.5% the resolution of 10-bit, and 6-bit/64 positions is 6.25% the resolution of 10-bit. This may not be enough resolution for a head tracker but definitely enough for flight modes, flaps, gear, etc.
16-pos 4-bit which is good for flight modes, flaps, gear, etc.
6-pos 3-bit which is good for flight modes, flaps, gear, etc.
2-pos 1-bit for Arm, ~1000us is the disarmed state and ~2000us is the armed state (see the explanations below of why the armed state is very important for safety and performance)

WARNING

Put your arm switch on AUX1, and set it as ~1000 is disarmed, ~2000 is armed.

Note

If using a receiver with PWM outputs and you would like to use the PWM output 5 on the receiver for a servo, gear, etc. Go into the WiFi interface of the receiver and map any of the other channels to PWM Output 5. Please always still use AUX1 for the 2-pos Arm switch.

Channel Update Rate versus Packet Rate

Label Description
Bolded This channel will be included in every packet at the selected packet rate (So a 150Hz Packet Rate = 150Hz Channel Update Rate)
H
Half Rate		 Half of the channels are included in each packet - Rate/2 (So a 100Hz Packet Rate cut in half = 50Hz Channel Update Rate)
RR
Round Robin		 These channels wait their turn to be sent in a packet (So a 150Hz Packet Rate sends a channel every 7th packet = 22Hz Channel Update Rate)
50 thru
F1000		 The Hybrid and Wide switch modes are only available on packet rates of 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz, 500Hz, D250Hz, D500Hz, F500Hz, and F1000Hz
100&333
Only		 The Full Resolution switch modes (8ch, 16ch Rate/2, 12ch Mixed) are only available on packet rates of 100Hz Full and 333Hz Full

Detailed Description of Switch Configuration Modes

Note

The switch configuration mode can only be changed when a receiver is not connected to the transmitter and when the transmitter is not armed. The mode is changed using the LUA Configuration in EdgeTX / OpenTX or using buttons, joystick, screen, etc. on the actual transmitter itself.

ExpressLRS has a few options for how switches are transmitted; Hybrid, Wide, Full Res 8ch, Full Res 16ch Rate/2, Full Res 12ch Mixed.

Hybrid and Wide Switch Configuration Modes

These two switch modes are only available when packet rates of 50Hz, 150Hz, 250Hz, 500Hz, D250Hz, D500Hz, F500Hz, and F1000Hz and selected.

The stick inputs (Chan 1-4) are sent with every packet at the normal range resolution of 10-bit or 1024 positions mapped to a PWM of 988us to 2012us (1 bit = 1us) which corresponds to -100% and 100% in EdgeTX / OpenTX.

Normal Range

The first switch (Chan 5 / AUX 1) is sent with every packet. PUT YOUR ARM ON THIS CHANNEL / AUX 1. It is used to enable safeguards and performance settings in the software and hardware. See the FAQ below. This switch is 1-bit / 2-position and is mapped to a PWM of ~1000us for disarmed and ~2000us for armed.

For the remaining 7 switches (Chan 6 thru 12 / AUX 2 thru AUX 8), only one switch is sent with each packet and is rotated on each packet (Round Robin).

In Hybrid mode, AUX2-AUX7 / Chan6-11 are 3-bit and can be used as either 2-position, 3-position, or 6-position switches or selector buttons. These are mapped to a PWM of 1000us to 2000us.

2-pos
Switch		 3-pos
Switch		 6-pos
Switch		 Approx. Channel
Input PWM (us)		 Channel
Output (us)		 Ardupilot Mode
1 1 1 988 1000 Mode1 (up position for 2-pos / 3-pos)
2 1192 1275 Mode2
3 1398 1425 Mode3
2 - 1500 1500 Mode4 (center position in 3-pos)
4 1602 1575 Mode4
5 1807 1725 Mode5
2 3 6 2012 2000 Mode6 (down position for 2-pos / 3-pos)

In Hybrid mode, AUX8 / Chan12 is 4-bit / 16-position and is mapped to the PWM table below. It takes 7 packets to send the complete set of switches before cycling back to AUX2. You can stack all your modes in here, Bardwell style, or get some low-res camera pan action (180 degrees / 16 = 11ish deg per position which isn't terrible). Clever math-heads might note that there's no "center position" (1500us) in a 16-position switch, so using AUX8 with a 3-position switch means it will come out as 1533 at the flight controller.

Switch Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Approx. Chan Input PWM (us) 988 1056 1125 1193 1261 1329 1398 1466 1534 1602 1671 1739 1807 1875 1944 2012
Chan Output PWM (us) 1000 1066 1133 1200 1266 1333 1400 1467 1533 1600 1666 1733 1800 1866 1933 2000

In Wide mode, AUX2-AUX8 / Chan6-12 are 6-bit / 64-position for telemetry ratios of 1:2 and 1:4. For all other telemetry ratios, these 7 switches are 7-bit / 128-position. It takes 8 packets to send the complete set of switches before cycling back to AUX2 (one more than Hybrid). Wide uses the 8th slot to transmit extra data to the receiver, including the current transmitter power. This is the only switch mode which can show the transmitter power TPwr on the flight controller's OSD. These behave more like traditional channels although with lower precision. You can tell you're operating in Wide mode when a switch in the middle position shows up as 1503 instead of 1500.

If using Ardupilot in Wide mode you will see that the channel outputs don't line up very well with the standard -100% (988us) to +100% (2012us) output range in EdgeTX / OpenTX when using a 6-position selector as input. Both the first two and the last two positions get binned into Mode 1 and Mode 6 respectively. To get the full 6 Ardupilot modes, go to the Outputs page on the OpenTX model setup and set the min / max for the channels to -75% / +75%.

Full Resolution Switch Configuration Modes 🆕

These switch modes come in three flavors based on the number of output channels you would like and are only available on packet rates of 100Hz Full and 333Hz Full.

  1. 8ch - Channels 1 to 4 and Channels 6 to 9 are sent 10-bit, at the selected Packet Rate, along with Channel 5 (AUX1) in 1-bit (2-position) for Arming.

  2. 16ch Rate/2 - All the Channels are sent 10-bit but at half rate.

  3. 12ch Mixed - Channels 1 to 4 are sent 10-bit with Channel 5 (AUX1) in 1-bit (2-position) for Arming at the selected Packet Rate. Channels 6 to 13 are then sent at 10-bit but at half rate.

All of these 10-bit or 1024 positions are mapped to PWM 885us to 2115us (1 bit = 1.23046875us) in what is called "CRSF Extended Limits"

CRSF Extended Limits

FAQ

Why do you keep saying "put arm on AUX1"?

Why do you keep saying "put arm on AUX1"?

For safety and performance reasons.

SAFETY

AUX1 is sent with every packet going out, this is the most reliable way to be able to tell your model to disarm. If your arm switch is on another aux channel, it may be several packets before that switch is transmitted, and there's no guarantee that the RX will actually receive that packet. There's a non-trivial chance your model may not ever disarm if the link quality is low and it just so happens that the packet containing the arm switch is getting missed every time. Forcing the arm switch into every packet on AUX1 means that if any packet is received by ExpressLRS, it will disarm your model, not just a less than 1-in-7 chance.

It also protects against unintentional disarms caused by a corrupt packet changing the value of the arm switch to disarmed. Betaflight requires that 4x "disarm" commands are received before disarming to guard against this possibility. With arm on AUX1, a single corrupt packet can not disarm your model. With arm on AUX2-8, the one corrupt switch value will be sent 6 times before the value is refreshed, but the flight controller would have already disarmed by that point.

Your transmitter and receiver also act differently when “armed” and when “disarmed”. When disarmed, the transmitter and receiver are free to adjust their communication in order to make the LUA and other configuration operations more responsive. When "disarmed", everything will appear to be working appropriately but none of the safeguards will be in place and performance will not be what you expect.

When IsArmed is enabled, these safeguards are applied:

  • All "Button" inputs are disabled
  • All "Joystick" (5-way buttons) are disabled
  • Bump to Share is disabled
  • VTX Admin is disabled
  • Integrated VTX channel change is disabled

PERFORMANCE

When IsArmed is enabled, these performance features are activated:

  • Dynamic Power is fully enabled
  • Race telemetry mode turns telemetry off
  • Some thermal-based fan controls are enabled

Arming is an extremely important part of the performance of the control link. Please use Aux 1 / Chan 5 as indicated. Also keep in mind that for ExpressLRS, ~1000us is the disarmed state and ~2000us is the armed state.

I use a 3-pos switch for arm, this software is unusable?

I use a 3-pos switch for arm, this software is unusable?

Good news, you can still use a 3-position switch to arm! However, you will need to adjust the model input / mixer settings for AUX1 in EdgeTX / OpenTX to remap the switch to be 2-position / on-off switch. If your 3-position arm switch had a second function as well, such as enabling Blackbox, just use one of the other channels to send the same switch on a second channel using the model input / mixer settings EdgeTX / OpenTX.

What about "Normal" one bit switch mode?

What about "Normal" one bit switch mode?

In version 1.0 of ExpressLRS, there was also a switch mode called "Normal" where there were eight 1-position switches sent in every packet. This mode was removed in version 2.0 due to its unpopularity and the flash space was used for other features. Please use Hybrid or Wide modes and all of the high performance packet rates.

Every time I change switch mode in Lua, it changes back! Is my transmitter broken?

Every time I change switch mode in Lua, it changes back! Is my transmitter broken?

If the Lua loads then you know its communicating with your transmitter. However, the switch mode can only be changed when a receiver is not connected and makes it appear as if the changes are not saving. This is done to ensure consistency between the RX's and TX's interpretation of the switch data being actively transmitted. This is a safeguard. Power down your receiver, wait for the "Telemetry Lost" callout, and the switch mode change will stick / save. The receiver will talk to the transmitted when it is powered up to handshake on the new settings.

Unit Testing

Tools

Assuming you have Visual Studio Code and platformIO installed

Windows Prerequisite

  • Install mingw-w64 from sourceforge.net
  • In the windows search bar type env and select Edit the system environment variables
  • Click the Environment Variables... button and in the System variables section double-click Path and click New then paste C:\Program Files (x86)\mingw-w64\i686-8.1.0-posix-dwarf-rt_v6-rev0\mingw32\bin. This path may be different on your system, but it is the path that mingw-w64 was installed previously.

Running the tests

  • In VSCode with the ExpressLRS project open, click on the New Terminal button in the status bar
  • Ensure the native platform is installed by entering pio platform install native in the terminal window.
  • Now you can enter pio test -e native to run the tests.
  • It is also possible to use the pio module and select native/Advanced/Test in the target selection list.

Unit Testing

Tools

Assuming you have Visual Studio Code and platformIO installed

Windows Prerequisite

  • Install mingw-w64 from sourceforge.net
  • In the windows search bar type env and select Edit the system environment variables
  • Click the Environment Variables... button and in the System variables section double-click Path and click New then paste C:\Program Files (x86)\mingw-w64\i686-8.1.0-posix-dwarf-rt_v6-rev0\mingw32\bin. This path may be different on your system, but it is the path that mingw-w64 was installed previously.

Running the tests

  • In VSCode with the ExpressLRS project open, click on the New Terminal button in the status bar
  • Ensure the native platform is installed by entering pio platform install native in the terminal window.
  • Now you can enter pio test -e native to run the tests.
  • It is also possible to use the pio module and select native/Advanced/Test in the target selection list.

Toolchain Setup

Note

The following section is intended for advanced users who intend to dabble with the source code directly.

Toolchain Setup (Advanced)

ExpressLRS is written in C++ using the Arduino framework.

  • Rather than using the Arduino IDE (which let's face it, 🗿 is pretty clunky), we use platformIO
  • To ease the use of pio we recommend using the extension for Visual Studio Code

PlatformIO

  1. 🔽 Download a copy of vscode for your computer
  2. 📂 Open vscode, and click on the "Extensions" icon in the toolbar on the right (see Managing Extensions 📘)
  3. 🔎 In the search box, enter platformio, and install the extension (see the pio install documentation 📚)

Git Setup

We recommend using VSCode's built-in Git client, as it requires the least 3rd party software 🤖.

  1. 🔽 Download a copy of git (this is also needed for PlatformIO)
  2. Install git, click yes to the default options (there are a LOT 💯)

Important

Make sure you select this option during installation, it adds git to PATH which is necessary for VScode cloning (the next step).

Cloning the Repo

  • In VSCode open the command palette (using Cmd+Shift+P on MacOS or Ctrl+Shift+P on Windows)
  • Enter Git: Clone

  • Click that! 👈
  • Then, enter ExpressLRS Repo URL -> https://github.com/ExpressLRS/ExpressLRS.git 💻
  • Choose a folder for ExpressLRS. 📂

Selecting the Latest Release

Before we can do any building, you need to select a release build of ELRS. For example, release 0.1.0-RC1. In Visual Studio Code select that tag. The location of the selector is shown below. 🖱️

Click the selector, and then type in the name of the tag, in this case 0.1.0-RC1.

PlatformIO Building

Once you had the time of your life setting up your toolchain 🧰 you are ready to Flash ⚡ ExpressLRS to supported hardware.

Building Targets using PlatformIO

  1. 📂 When you first launch Visual Studio Code, you should see the PlatformIO Home Page in a tab. Click the Open Project button. Navigate to the ExpressLRS repo directory. Navigate into the src folder (i.e. ./ExpressLRS/src/). Finally, press the Open button.
  2. ✏️ Edit the file ./src/user_defines.txt to define user specific variables. 😈 Please make sure you edit the file according to your needs!
  3. 📊 In the toolbar on the left, click the PlatformIO icon, which will show the list of tasks. Now, select Project Tasks, expand your desired target and select Build/Upload (depending on the method). You should see the result in the terminal.
  4. 🙃 If something went wrong - please check the Terminal, too. It will contain at least a hint of what the issue is. Please ask the community for further help🧑‍🔧!

Updating your Local Repo

You've cloned the repository and are now wondering how to get new updates down the line. Then this document is meant for you! Here's a primer on how to keep your local copy of the repository up-to-date.

Method 1: The Clean Way - Fetch & Reset

Probably the easiest and least troublesome method, however, it'll overwrite any changes you've made to your local copy. ⚠

  1. Open the terminal

    You can either straight up open bash/cmd and navigate to your project folder or open an integrated terminal in VSCode:

    • Open the command palette (using Cmd+Shift+P on MacOS or Ctrl+Shift+P on Windows)

    • Enter: Create New Integrated Terminal

      Terminal

  2. In the terminal, type: git fetch -pu && git reset --hard origin/master

    This will get you the latest version and destroy any local changes you've made.

Method 2: The lazy way - Commit, Pull & Merge

The advantage this method has over the first method is that all your changes to the user_defines.txt (or any other file, for that matter) will get merged with any new updates. There's a possibility that, if changes are too big, you could end up with a merge conflict. If that doesn't appeal to you, stick to the first method.

  1. Commit your changes to your local repository

    • In VSCode open the command palette (using Cmd+Shift+P on MacOS or Ctrl+Shift+P on Windows)

    • Enter: Git: Commit

      VSCode will tell you that there are unstaged changes and ask if you want to add them to the commit. Confirm this! This will just commit your changes to the user_defines.txt to your local repository. No worries, you're not overwriting anything on GitHub! :octocat:

  2. Open the terminal, how-to is detailed in method 1

  3. In the terminal, type: git pull -f

    This will pull a new revision of the remote repository to your local repository and automatically merge it with your changes.

Toolchain Setup

Note

The following section is intended for advanced users who intend to dabble with the source code directly.

Toolchain Setup (Advanced)

ExpressLRS is written in C++ using the Arduino framework.

  • Rather than using the Arduino IDE (which let's face it, 🗿 is pretty clunky), we use platformIO
  • To ease the use of pio we recommend using the extension for Visual Studio Code

PlatformIO

  1. 🔽 Download a copy of vscode for your computer
  2. 📂 Open vscode, and click on the "Extensions" icon in the toolbar on the right (see Managing Extensions 📘)
  3. 🔎 In the search box, enter platformio, and install the extension (see the pio install documentation 📚)

Git Setup

We recommend using VSCode's built-in Git client, as it requires the least 3rd party software 🤖.

  1. 🔽 Download a copy of git (this is also needed for PlatformIO)
  2. Install git, click yes to the default options (there are a LOT 💯)

Important

Make sure you select this option during installation, it adds git to PATH which is necessary for VScode cloning (the next step).

Cloning the Repo

  • In VSCode open the command palette (using Cmd+Shift+P on MacOS or Ctrl+Shift+P on Windows)
  • Enter Git: Clone

  • Click that! 👈
  • Then, enter ExpressLRS Repo URL -> https://github.com/ExpressLRS/ExpressLRS.git 💻
  • Choose a folder for ExpressLRS. 📂

Selecting the Latest Release

Before we can do any building, you need to select a release build of ELRS. For example, release 0.1.0-RC1. In Visual Studio Code select that tag. The location of the selector is shown below. 🖱️

Click the selector, and then type in the name of the tag, in this case 0.1.0-RC1.

PlatformIO Building

Once you had the time of your life setting up your toolchain 🧰 you are ready to Flash ⚡ ExpressLRS to supported hardware.

Building Targets using PlatformIO

  1. 📂 When you first launch Visual Studio Code, you should see the PlatformIO Home Page in a tab. Click the Open Project button. Navigate to the ExpressLRS repo directory. Navigate into the src folder (i.e. ./ExpressLRS/src/). Finally, press the Open button.
  2. ✏️ Edit the file ./src/user_defines.txt to define user specific variables. 😈 Please make sure you edit the file according to your needs!
  3. 📊 In the toolbar on the left, click the PlatformIO icon, which will show the list of tasks. Now, select Project Tasks, expand your desired target and select Build/Upload (depending on the method). You should see the result in the terminal.
  4. 🙃 If something went wrong - please check the Terminal, too. It will contain at least a hint of what the issue is. Please ask the community for further help🧑‍🔧!

Updating your Local Repo

You've cloned the repository and are now wondering how to get new updates down the line. Then this document is meant for you! Here's a primer on how to keep your local copy of the repository up-to-date.

Method 1: The Clean Way - Fetch & Reset

Probably the easiest and least troublesome method, however, it'll overwrite any changes you've made to your local copy. ⚠

  1. Open the terminal

    You can either straight up open bash/cmd and navigate to your project folder or open an integrated terminal in VSCode:

    • Open the command palette (using Cmd+Shift+P on MacOS or Ctrl+Shift+P on Windows)

    • Enter: Create New Integrated Terminal

      Terminal

  2. In the terminal, type: git fetch -pu && git reset --hard origin/master

    This will get you the latest version and destroy any local changes you've made.

Method 2: The lazy way - Commit, Pull & Merge

The advantage this method has over the first method is that all your changes to the user_defines.txt (or any other file, for that matter) will get merged with any new updates. There's a possibility that, if changes are too big, you could end up with a merge conflict. If that doesn't appeal to you, stick to the first method.

  1. Commit your changes to your local repository

    • In VSCode open the command palette (using Cmd+Shift+P on MacOS or Ctrl+Shift+P on Windows)

    • Enter: Git: Commit

      VSCode will tell you that there are unstaged changes and ask if you want to add them to the commit. Confirm this! This will just commit your changes to the user_defines.txt to your local repository. No worries, you're not overwriting anything on GitHub! :octocat:

  2. Open the terminal, how-to is detailed in method 1

  3. In the terminal, type: git pull -f

    This will pull a new revision of the remote repository to your local repository and automatically merge it with your changes.

Betaflight Passthrough

General Instructions

Once you have Flashed ELRS onto your receivers they can be conveniently updated using the passthrough feature of Betaflight (and similar FC FW). This is a relatively simple process.

  1. Open VS Code or the configurator and prepare to compile and upload.
  2. Plug in your FC to your computer, but do NOT connect to the betaflight configurator.
  3. Select env:YOUR_RX_via_Betaflight_Passthrough and hit upload.
  4. That's it!

ESP-Specific Instructions

Since 1.0.0, ESP receivers can be updated via passthrough without using the boot button as long as the firmware is not corrupted. If you're unable to get it to work, your firmware might be corrupted, in which case you'll need to temporarily turn off the telemetry feature in betaflight. If it still doesn't work, the bootloader might be messed up and the following steps should work.

  1. Open VS Code or the configurator and prepare to compile and upload.
  2. Plug in your FC to your computer, but do NOT connect to the betaflight configurator and do NOT power the RX. If your RX gets powered from USB, desolder the power wire so that you can manually power it up independently of the flight controller.
  3. Hold the boot button of the RX or jump the boot jumper.
  4. Select env:YOUR_RX_via_Betaflight_Passthrough and hit upload.
  5. Wait for the command line to show .....-----.
  6. Plug in a battery or otherwise power up the RX.

Troubleshooting

  • If it fails to flash (may display a success message but has errors show up above the final success output), check if it is flashing the correct COM. Sometimes an ethernet adapter on your motherboard will populate a COM port, which will confuse the script and it will attempt to flash to that COM.

    • The solution that could work would be manually editing the UARTUpload.py and BetaflightinitPassthrough.py files in src/python.
    • Another possible solution could be changing the COM to a higher number for the unnecessary COMs

  • Sometimes the boot jumper or button must be used while powering up the receiver.

Ardupilot Instructions (community contribution, untested)

  • Connect the autopilot to a PC using a USB cable and connect with a Ground Station (i.e. Mission Planner, QGC, etc).
  • Set SERIAL_PASSTIMO to a length of time (in seconds) that gives you enough time to connect with the sensor’s configuration software. 30 to 60 seconds is a good choice
  • Set SERIAL_PASS2 to the number of the serial port connected to the sensor. I.e. “2” if the sensor is connected to Telem2/Serial2.
  • Be sure to set each port’s baud rate appropriately using the SERIALx_BAUD parameter. The rates may be different for each port. ArduPilot will do the buffering.
  • Press the “Disconnect” button on the ground station but leave the USB cable from the PC to the autopilot connected.
  • Open the sensor’s configuration software and connect to the autopilot’s COM port. If all goes well the configuration software should work as it does when the PC is directly connected to the sensor
  • If the configuration fails to connect there are some things to try:
  • Some configuration software will not allow connecting to the autopilot’s COM port by default but may have an option to display all available COM ports
  • If no serial messages are received from the PC the timeout will expire and SERIAL_PASS2 will revert to -1

You can also refer to the Ardupilot official docs for serial passthrough.

Betaflight Passthrough

General Instructions

Once you have Flashed ELRS onto your receivers they can be conveniently updated using the passthrough feature of Betaflight (and similar FC FW). This is a relatively simple process.

  1. Open VS Code or the configurator and prepare to compile and upload.
  2. Plug in your FC to your computer, but do NOT connect to the betaflight configurator.
  3. Select env:YOUR_RX_via_Betaflight_Passthrough and hit upload.
  4. That's it!

ESP-Specific Instructions

Since 1.0.0, ESP receivers can be updated via passthrough without using the boot button as long as the firmware is not corrupted. If you're unable to get it to work, your firmware might be corrupted, in which case you'll need to temporarily turn off the telemetry feature in betaflight. If it still doesn't work, the bootloader might be messed up and the following steps should work.

  1. Open VS Code or the configurator and prepare to compile and upload.
  2. Plug in your FC to your computer, but do NOT connect to the betaflight configurator and do NOT power the RX. If your RX gets powered from USB, desolder the power wire so that you can manually power it up independently of the flight controller.
  3. Hold the boot button of the RX or jump the boot jumper.
  4. Select env:YOUR_RX_via_Betaflight_Passthrough and hit upload.
  5. Wait for the command line to show .....-----.
  6. Plug in a battery or otherwise power up the RX.

Troubleshooting

  • If it fails to flash (may display a success message but has errors show up above the final success output), check if it is flashing the correct COM. Sometimes an ethernet adapter on your motherboard will populate a COM port, which will confuse the script and it will attempt to flash to that COM.

    • The solution that could work would be manually editing the UARTUpload.py and BetaflightinitPassthrough.py files in src/python.
    • Another possible solution could be changing the COM to a higher number for the unnecessary COMs

  • Sometimes the boot jumper or button must be used while powering up the receiver.

Ardupilot Instructions (community contribution, untested)

  • Connect the autopilot to a PC using a USB cable and connect with a Ground Station (i.e. Mission Planner, QGC, etc).
  • Set SERIAL_PASSTIMO to a length of time (in seconds) that gives you enough time to connect with the sensor’s configuration software. 30 to 60 seconds is a good choice
  • Set SERIAL_PASS2 to the number of the serial port connected to the sensor. I.e. “2” if the sensor is connected to Telem2/Serial2.
  • Be sure to set each port’s baud rate appropriately using the SERIALx_BAUD parameter. The rates may be different for each port. ArduPilot will do the buffering.
  • Press the “Disconnect” button on the ground station but leave the USB cable from the PC to the autopilot connected.
  • Open the sensor’s configuration software and connect to the autopilot’s COM port. If all goes well the configuration software should work as it does when the PC is directly connected to the sensor
  • If the configuration fails to connect there are some things to try:
  • Some configuration software will not allow connecting to the autopilot’s COM port by default but may have an option to display all available COM ports
  • If no serial messages are received from the PC the timeout will expire and SERIAL_PASS2 will revert to -1

You can also refer to the Ardupilot official docs for serial passthrough.

Wifi Updating

Flashing Methods

With the release of v2.0.0, there will be a total of 3 different methods to flash your devices via WiFi

Method 1: Hotspot

Build your firmware file, either via the ExpressLRS Configurator or PlatformIO. The ExpressLRS Configurator will open a folder for you where the correct firmware file was created and should be named like <target name>-<version>.bin (e.g. for the Happymodel ES24TX, the file will be HappyModel_ES24TX_2400_TX-2.0.0.bin). Meanwhile, PlatformIO should create the file within the \src\.pio\build\<target name>\ folder.

Put your device in WiFi Updating mode. For TX modules, this is accomplished using the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Simply select WiFi Update from the script and it should start the Update Hotspot. For receivers, power the receiver and wait until AUTO_WIFI_ON_INTERVAL time has elapsed and the LED on the receiver is blinking fast.

Connect to the hotspot that the device has created. For TX modules, this hotspot should show up as ExpressLRS TX while for receivers, the hotspot will have a name such as ExpressLRS RX. They have the same password: expresslrs.

Updating on Phones (click/tap to expand)

In case your computer does not have wifi capabilities, you can use a wifi capable smartphone as well. Most phones will display a notification after a successfull connection. This is because the phone does not recognize an internet connection. It is recommended to acknowledge this notification because the phone might disconnect again.

On iOS, the WiFi Update Page may open immediately. You can close it via the "Cancel" button on the top right and choose "Use without internet"

iOS acknowledge

On Android, you may see a notification. Click the notification to open the WiFi Update Page and then hit the three dots on the top right and choose "Use this network as is".

android acknowledge

Now continue with the guide below.

Note

The receivers, due to their respective sizes, don't have robust WiFi antennas and you will have to bring them closer to the device you're connecting from. The window that opens can easily be closed.

ExpressLRS RX Hotspot

ExpressLRS TX Hotspot

Navigate your browser to http://10.0.0.1/ and the WiFi Update Page should show up.

Using the Choose File button, navigate to the folder where the Firmware file is. You can also drag-and-drop the file from the folder window into the Choose File field.

Web Firmware Update

Click the Update button adjacent to the Upload field, and the Update process should commence. A progress bar will be shown to show the status of the Update.

Web Update Progress

Once the Update process completes, a Popup should show the result of the Update. Normally, it will show the Success Message. Otherwise, some info will be shown for the reason it failed, like a wrong firmware file, old firmware or a wrong firmware file format.

Web Update Success

DO NOT unplug/turn off the device yet. For TX Modules, wait for the Lua Script to return to its Main Screen, indicating that the TX Module has rebooted. For receivers, wait until the LED started blinking again, or you can even wait for it to activate WiFi Mode again for good measure.

Additionally, using this same Wifi Update page, you can also configure the receiver to connect to your local Wifi Network, in preparation for the other (better) methods.

Web Update Join

Method 2: Home Network

This method will only work if the device has been configured to connect to the local Wifi Network, either via the Join Network section in the Hotspot, or it's flashed with a firmware with the Home WiFi Network SSID and Password options set.

Build your firmware file, either via the ExpressLRS Configurator or PlatformIO. The ExpressLRS Configurator will open a folder for you where the correct firmware file was created and should be named like <target name>-<version>.bin (e.g. for the Happymodel ES24TX, the file will be HappyModel_ES24TX_2400_TX-2.0.0.bin). Meanwhile, PlatformIO should create the file within the \src\.pio\build\<target name>\.

Put your device in WiFi Updating mode. For TX modules, this is accomplished using the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Simply select WiFi Update from the script and it should connect to your WiFi Network. For receivers, power the receiver and wait until AUTO_WIFI_ON_INTERVAL time has elapsed and the LED on the receiver is blinking fast.

Using your browser, navigate to the Wifi Update page. For TX Modules, this should be http://elrs_tx.local while for receivers, the URL should be http://elrs_rx.local.

Using the Choose File button, navigate to the folder where the Firmware file is. You can also drag-and-drop the file from the folder window into the Choose File field.

Web Firmware Update

Click the Update button adjacent to the Upload field, and the Update process should commence. A progress bar will be shown to show the status of the Update.

Web Update Progress

Once the Update process completes, a Popup should show the result of the Update. Normally, it will show the Success Message. Otherwise, some info will be shown for the reason it failed, like a wrong firmware file, old firmware or a wrong firmware file format.

Web Update Success

DO NOT unplug/turn off the device yet. For TX Modules, wait for the Lua Script to return to its Main Screen, indicating that the TX Module has rebooted. For receivers, wait until the LED started blinking again, or you can even wait for it to activate WiFi Mode again for good measure.

Method 3: Build and Flash

This method will only work if the device has been configured to connect to the local Wifi Network, either via the Join Network section in the Hotspot, or it's flashed with a firmware with the Home WiFi Network SSID and Password options set.

Put your device in WiFi Updating mode. For TX modules, this is accomplished using the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Simply select WiFi Update from the script and it should start the Update Hotspot. For receivers, power the receiver and wait until AUTO_WIFI_ON_INTERVAL time has elapsed and the LED on the receiver is blinking fast.

Set your User Defines or Firmware Options. Make sure you've selected the correct Target.

With PlatformIO, select Upload with the Wifi Target. With the ExpressLRS Configurator, click Build and Flash. Wait for the Compile to finish and you should see a section of the log like the image below:

WiFi Update Log

DO NOT unplug/turn off the device yet. For TX Modules, wait for the Lua Script to return to its Main Screen, indicating that the TX Module has rebooted. For receivers, wait until the LED started blinking again, or you can even wait for it to activate WiFi Mode again for good measure.

Wifi Updating

Flashing Methods

With the release of v2.0.0, there will be a total of 3 different methods to flash your devices via WiFi

Method 1: Hotspot

Build your firmware file, either via the ExpressLRS Configurator or PlatformIO. The ExpressLRS Configurator will open a folder for you where the correct firmware file was created and should be named like <target name>-<version>.bin (e.g. for the Happymodel ES24TX, the file will be HappyModel_ES24TX_2400_TX-2.0.0.bin). Meanwhile, PlatformIO should create the file within the \src\.pio\build\<target name>\ folder.

Put your device in WiFi Updating mode. For TX modules, this is accomplished using the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Simply select WiFi Update from the script and it should start the Update Hotspot. For receivers, power the receiver and wait until AUTO_WIFI_ON_INTERVAL time has elapsed and the LED on the receiver is blinking fast.

Connect to the hotspot that the device has created. For TX modules, this hotspot should show up as ExpressLRS TX while for receivers, the hotspot will have a name such as ExpressLRS RX. They have the same password: expresslrs.

Updating on Phones (click/tap to expand)

In case your computer does not have wifi capabilities, you can use a wifi capable smartphone as well. Most phones will display a notification after a successfull connection. This is because the phone does not recognize an internet connection. It is recommended to acknowledge this notification because the phone might disconnect again.

On iOS, the WiFi Update Page may open immediately. You can close it via the "Cancel" button on the top right and choose "Use without internet"

iOS acknowledge

On Android, you may see a notification. Click the notification to open the WiFi Update Page and then hit the three dots on the top right and choose "Use this network as is".

android acknowledge

Now continue with the guide below.

Note

The receivers, due to their respective sizes, don't have robust WiFi antennas and you will have to bring them closer to the device you're connecting from. The window that opens can easily be closed.

ExpressLRS RX Hotspot

ExpressLRS TX Hotspot

Navigate your browser to http://10.0.0.1/ and the WiFi Update Page should show up.

Using the Choose File button, navigate to the folder where the Firmware file is. You can also drag-and-drop the file from the folder window into the Choose File field.

Web Firmware Update

Click the Update button adjacent to the Upload field, and the Update process should commence. A progress bar will be shown to show the status of the Update.

Web Update Progress

Once the Update process completes, a Popup should show the result of the Update. Normally, it will show the Success Message. Otherwise, some info will be shown for the reason it failed, like a wrong firmware file, old firmware or a wrong firmware file format.

Web Update Success

DO NOT unplug/turn off the device yet. For TX Modules, wait for the Lua Script to return to its Main Screen, indicating that the TX Module has rebooted. For receivers, wait until the LED started blinking again, or you can even wait for it to activate WiFi Mode again for good measure.

Additionally, using this same Wifi Update page, you can also configure the receiver to connect to your local Wifi Network, in preparation for the other (better) methods.

Web Update Join

Method 2: Home Network

This method will only work if the device has been configured to connect to the local Wifi Network, either via the Join Network section in the Hotspot, or it's flashed with a firmware with the Home WiFi Network SSID and Password options set.

Build your firmware file, either via the ExpressLRS Configurator or PlatformIO. The ExpressLRS Configurator will open a folder for you where the correct firmware file was created and should be named like <target name>-<version>.bin (e.g. for the Happymodel ES24TX, the file will be HappyModel_ES24TX_2400_TX-2.0.0.bin). Meanwhile, PlatformIO should create the file within the \src\.pio\build\<target name>\.

Put your device in WiFi Updating mode. For TX modules, this is accomplished using the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Simply select WiFi Update from the script and it should connect to your WiFi Network. For receivers, power the receiver and wait until AUTO_WIFI_ON_INTERVAL time has elapsed and the LED on the receiver is blinking fast.

Using your browser, navigate to the Wifi Update page. For TX Modules, this should be http://elrs_tx.local while for receivers, the URL should be http://elrs_rx.local.

Using the Choose File button, navigate to the folder where the Firmware file is. You can also drag-and-drop the file from the folder window into the Choose File field.

Web Firmware Update

Click the Update button adjacent to the Upload field, and the Update process should commence. A progress bar will be shown to show the status of the Update.

Web Update Progress

Once the Update process completes, a Popup should show the result of the Update. Normally, it will show the Success Message. Otherwise, some info will be shown for the reason it failed, like a wrong firmware file, old firmware or a wrong firmware file format.

Web Update Success

DO NOT unplug/turn off the device yet. For TX Modules, wait for the Lua Script to return to its Main Screen, indicating that the TX Module has rebooted. For receivers, wait until the LED started blinking again, or you can even wait for it to activate WiFi Mode again for good measure.

Method 3: Build and Flash

This method will only work if the device has been configured to connect to the local Wifi Network, either via the Join Network section in the Hotspot, or it's flashed with a firmware with the Home WiFi Network SSID and Password options set.

Put your device in WiFi Updating mode. For TX modules, this is accomplished using the ExpressLRS Lua Script. Simply select WiFi Update from the script and it should start the Update Hotspot. For receivers, power the receiver and wait until AUTO_WIFI_ON_INTERVAL time has elapsed and the LED on the receiver is blinking fast.

Set your User Defines or Firmware Options. Make sure you've selected the correct Target.

With PlatformIO, select Upload with the Wifi Target. With the ExpressLRS Configurator, click Build and Flash. Wait for the Compile to finish and you should see a section of the log like the image below:

WiFi Update Log

DO NOT unplug/turn off the device yet. For TX Modules, wait for the Lua Script to return to its Main Screen, indicating that the TX Module has rebooted. For receivers, wait until the LED started blinking again, or you can even wait for it to activate WiFi Mode again for good measure.